Abstract: A honeycomb structured body of the present invention is a honeycomb structured body in which a plurality of porous ceramic members are combined with one another through an adhesive layer, each of the porous ceramic members having a plurality of cells which are allowed to penetrate in a longitudinal direction with a wall portion therebetween and either one end of which is sealed, with a catalyst supporting layer being adhered to said wall portion, wherein pores formed in said porous ceramic member are constituted by large pores having a relatively large pore diameter and small pores having a relatively small pore diameter, and supposing that: the thickness of the catalyst supporting layer is X1 (?m), and the value, obtained by multiplying the porosity (%) of said porous ceramic member by the ratio (the average pore diameter of said large pores/the average pore diameter of said small pores) of the average pore diameter of said large pores to the average pore diameter of said small pores, is Y1, these X1 and Y1

Abstract: A sensor system, method, and computer program product for determining physical characteristics of individual plants within a row located in an agricultural environment is provided. Embodiments of the present invention include, but are not limited to, a sensor assembly including a plurality of emitters and a corresponding plurality of receivers disposed substantially opposite one another such that the receivers may receive a plurality of signals emitted by said emitters to generate a binary profile image of each plant within a row of plants positioned along a row axis. Embodiments of the present invention also include supplementary sensors for determining other plant characteristics including leaf pattern and plant location along the row axis. The method and computer program product embodiments of the present invention may also differentiate selected plants of interest from invasive or weed species using the outputs of the sensor device of the present invention.

Abstract: A lawn mower is provided. In certain example embodiments, the lawn mower includes an improved steering control system/assembly and/or an improved pump control linkage system/assembly.

Abstract: An agricultural baler is provided having an adjusting arrangement between a tow bar and a frame, that maintains the spatial relationships existing in the baler constant so that there is no effect upon the flow of the crop. The use of a sensor and a positioning arrangement provides the assurance that the repositioning is not dependent upon the capability of an operator, and finally the arrangement of the sensor in the region of the take-up device sees to it that the signals are transmitted at the exact time, not too soon and not too late.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved swivel joint for use as part of a cable-guided fishing assembly. The swivel joint contains a bearing assembly comprising a series of ball bearings partially encased by an inner and outer race. During a cable-guided fishing operation, the inner and outer race exert a shearing, rather than compression, force on the ball bearing due to the unique configuration of the bearing assembly. This unique configuration increases the strength of the bearing assembly, and the corresponding strength of the swivel joint, without necessitating an increase in the outer diameter of the swivel joint.

Abstract: Preheating of fuel and injection into a plasma torch plume fro adjacent the plasma torch plume provides for only ignition with reduced delay but improved fuel-air mixing and fuel atomization as well as combustion reaction enhancement. Heat exchange also reduced erosion of the anode of the plasma torch. Fuel mixing atomization, fuel mixture distribution enhancement and combustion reaction enhancement are improved by unsteady plasma torch energization, integral formation of the heat exchanger, fuel injection nozzle and plasma torch anode in a more compact, low-profile arrangement which is not intrusive on a highspeed air flow with which the invention is particularly effective and further enhanced by use of nitrogen as a feedstock material and inclusion of high pressure gases in the fuel to cause effervescence during injection.

Abstract: Disclosed is a powder propellant-based space propulsion device using a powder propellant having high density and excellent handleability. The powder propellant-based space propulsion device comprises a powder-propellant storage container for storing a powder propellant, a powder-propellant attracting surface for attracting the powder propellant thereto through an opening of the powder-propellant storage container and attractively holding the attracted powder propellant thereon, powder-propellant transfer means for transferring the held powder propellant to a release position for releasing the powder propellant, and propulsive-energy supply means for energizing the transferred powder propellant to release the powder propellant from the powder-propellant attracting surface, toward a downstream side thereof as a propulsive jet, while accelerating the powder propellant in a direction approximately perpendicular to the powder-propellant attracting surface at said release position.

Abstract: Apparatus for maintaining the temperature of a component of a gas turbine engine below a predetermined maximum working temperature comprises a reservoir for a cooling fluid having a boiling point below the working temperature and in which the component is immersed or with which it is in contact. At least two heat exchangers are associated with the reservoir and operable to effect condensation of vaporised cooling fluid and return of same to the reservoir. Preferably the apparatus is a closed system incorporating three heat exchangers respectively adapted to effect heat exchange with engine fuel, compressed air derived from A fan or low pressure compressor of the engine and ambient air. Means may advantageously be provided to ensure return of condensed cooling fluid to the reservoir when the attitude of the reservoir is altered as a result of aircraft manoeuvres.

Abstract: A control device of an internal combustion engine is capable of controlling an air-fuel ratio to be lean based on an activity of oxygen occlusion properties to provide improved three-way catalytic performance. The control device comprises: a three-way catalyst disposed in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine; a part for operating a basic fuel injection quantity; a part for operating a compensation amount of a basic fuel injection quantity so that an air-fuel ratio upstream from the three-way catalyst is coincident with a target air-fuel ratio; a part for operating a fuel injection quantity compensated with a basic fuel injection quantity compensation amount; a part for detecting an activity of oxygen occlusion properties of the three-way catalyst; and a part for setting the target air-fuel ratio based on the activity of oxygen occlusion properties.

Abstract: A parasitic load control system is provided. The system may include an exhaust producing engine and a fuel pumping mechanism configured to pressurize fuel in a pressure chamber. The system may also include an injection valve configured to cause fuel pressure to build within the pressure chamber when in a first position and allow injection of fuel from the pressure chamber into one or more combustion chambers of the engine when in a second position. The system may further include a controller configured to independently regulate the pressure in the pressure chamber and the injection of fuel into the one or more combustion chambers, to increase a load on the fuel pumping mechanism, increasing parasitic load on the engine, thereby increasing a temperature of the exhaust produced by the engine.

Abstract: A diesel exhaust gas system includes a diesel particulate filter (DPF), a trap for nitrogen oxides (LNT), a hydrocarbon catalytic reformer for generating reformate, and an air supply. A method for controlling the rate of burn of soot in a DPF limits the oxygen percentage in the exhaust to about 6%. The LNT may be located ahead of the DPF in the exhaust line. Reformate is directed with exhaust through the LNT. The second flow of air cools the exhaust gas and thereby prevents overheating of the DPF substrate. The DPF also may be located ahead of the LNT. Reformate is controllably combusted by the second air flow in the DPF, reducing the oxygen percentage to about 6%, thus limiting the rate at which soot in the DPF can burn and thereby preventing overheating of the DPF substrate.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine (100) and exhaust system therefor includes the step of initiating a regeneration event in a diesel particulate filter (DPF 109) (401). A first oxygen concentration (213) of a gas upstream of the DPF 109, and a second oxygen concentration (215) of the gas downstream of the DPF 109 are sensed (403) to infer a rate of combustion of material in the DPF (405) based on the difference between the first (213) and the second (215) oxygen concentrations. The rate of combustion is compared to a threshold value (409) and the regeneration event in the DPF 109 is terminated (411) if the rate of combustion is above the threshold.

Abstract: A method is presented for determining an amount of reductant stored in the catalyst by intrusively desorbing a portion of reductant and monitoring the response of an reductant sensor to the desorbed portion. The desorbtion can be performed at vehicle start-up to determine initial storage amount and to adjust reductant injection accordingly to achieve optimum storage. Additionally, a portion of reductant can be desorbed when NOx conversion efficiency of the catalyst is reduced in order to diagnose the component responsible for system degradation.

Abstract: A method is presented for determining an amount of reductant stored in the catalyst by intrusively desorbing a portion of reductant and monitoring the response of a reductant sensor to the desorbed portion. The desorbtion can be performed at vehicle start-up to determine initial storage amount and to adjust reductant injection accordingly to achieve optimum storage. Additionally, a portion of reductant can be desorbed when NOx conversion efficiency of the catalyst is reduced in order to diagnose the component responsible for system degradation.

Abstract: A particulate filter for an exhaust system configured to receive an exhaust flow is disclosed. The filter includes a wall-flow filtration element having a first regeneration zone and a second regeneration zone, the first zone being downstream of the second zone, and a heat source disposed at the first regeneration zone. In response to demand for regeneration, the wall-filtration element regenerates according to a staged regeneration such that the first zone initiates regeneration ahead of the second zone, and each zone regenerates in the direction of the exhaust flow.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes a collector, which collects exhaust particles in exhaust gas. The apparatus computes a pressure-difference-based measured value of a collected amount of the particles based on a pressure difference, and computes a pressure-difference-based estimated value by correcting the measured value. The apparatus computes an operational-state-based estimated value of the collected amount. The apparatus regenerates the collector by burning the exhaust particles when one of the pressure-difference-based estimated value and the operational-state-based estimated value reaches a predetermined value.

Abstract: An exhaust system that processes exhaust generated by an engine includes a diesel particulate filter (DPF) that is disposed downstream of the engine and that filters particulates from the exhaust. An electrical heater is disposed upstream of the DPF and selectively heats the exhaust to initiate combustion of the particulates within the exhaust as it passes therethrough. Heat generated by combustion of the particulates induces combustion of particulates within the DPF.

Abstract: An electro hydraulic actuator with built-in fail safes is provided. Multiple accumulators are integrated into the actuator to improve reliability and redundancy. One or more accumulators can fail and the remaining accumulators provide sufficient energy to move the actuator to its fail-safe condition.

Abstract: A compact hydrostatic energy recuperation system comprises hydrostatic converter with first and second pump-motors, which shafts fastened by coupling. The first pump-motor having greater displacement volume associated with the machinery working equipment hydraulic system by hydraulic distributor. The second pump-motor associated with the pneumohydraulic accumulator by two-position valve. The hydrostatic converter increases the working equipment pump suction oil pressure and the pump specific power. The hydrostatic converter charges the pneumohydraulic accumulator with boosted oil pressure and smaller oil volume magnitude during the working equipment lowering and considerable decrease the energy recuperation system installation space, weight and cost. The hydrostatic converter provides the pneumohydraulic accumulator discharge and transmitted this additional energy to the working equipment pump during the most energy consuming load lifting process.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a hydraulic system having a first source of pressurized fluid and at least one fluid actuator. The hydraulic system further includes a first valve disposed between the first source and the at least one fluid actuator. The first valve is configured to selectively communicate pressurized fluid from the first source to a tank in response to a first command. The first command is at least partially based on a predetermined flow area of the first valve.

Abstract: A hydraulic control system for a work machine is disclosed. The hydraulic control system has first and second fluid actuators, first and second pumps, a combiner valve, and a controller. The first pump is configured to produce a first stream of pressurized fluid directed to the first fluid actuator. The second pump is configured to produce a second stream of pressurized fluid directed to the second fluid actuator. The combiner valve is movable toward a combining position at which the second stream of pressurized fluid is combined with the first stream of pressurized. The controller is configured to determine a flow rate for the first fluid actuator corresponding to a desired velocity, determine a flow capacity of the first pump, and move the combiner valve toward the combining position when the determined flow rate for the first fluid actuator is greater than the determined flow capacity of the first pump.

Abstract: A hydraulic control system for a work machine is disclosed. The hydraulic control system has a fluid actuator with first and second chambers, first and second metering valves having valve elements movable to fill and drain the first and second chambers respectively, and at least one fluid sensor configured to generate a load signal indicative of a load on the fluid actuator. The hydraulic control system also has an operator interface device movable to generate a desired velocity signal of the fluid actuator. The hydraulic control system further has a controller in communication with the first and second metering valves, the at least one fluid sensor, and the operator interface device.

Abstract: An axle driving system which houses in a housing thereof a hydrostatic transmission, axles, and a driving gear train for connecting output means of the hydraulic transmission and axles, so as to transmit power from a driving source to the hydrostatic transmission and to change the speed, thereby driving the axles. A first chamber therein contains the hydrostatic transmission and a second chamber therein contains the driving gear train. Both the first and second chambers are independent of each other so as to prevent a foreign object, such as iron powder produced in the driving gear train, from entering the hydrostatic transmission. The system includes an L-like-shaped center section on which the hydrostatic transmission is offset such that an imaginary plane which includes a motor mounting surface passes in proximity to the axis of a pump shaft. The pump shaft is disposed perpendicular to the axles. The motor shaft is disposed in parallel thereto.

Abstract: A working gas pressure equalization system for a multiple-cylinder, double-acting hot gas engine such as a Stirling engine of the type having a plurality of pistons reciprocatable within the cylinders defining a plurality of generally isolated cycle volumes of a working gas separated by the pistons. The equalization system incorporates passages through the piston connecting rods which connect between a space between piston rings and an equalization volume defined between a pair of sliding rod seals. This volume is defined by portions from each of the cylinders and is connected with individual cycle volumes by a valve, such as a one-way check valve. When a pressure is experienced in one of the cycle volumes different from the minimum pressure maintained and the equalization volume, minute gas leakage across the piston rings enables pressure among the volumes to be equalized.

Abstract: An energy recovery system permits recovering energy from fumes. The system employs a heat engine such as a Stirling engine, and a supplemental combustible fuel. A combustor receives the paint fumes as well as the supplemental fuel from a fuel supply. The fuel supply includes a fuel throttle regulating the fuel mass flow rate. An air blower provides air to the combustor. The heat engine includes a heater receiving heat from the combustor. A temperature sensor detects the temperature of the heater, while a controller operatively controls the fuel throttle to vary the fuel mass flow rate based on the temperature of the heater.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas heat exchanger for a system where a compressing means is located upstream of an internal combustion engine, and a part of exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine flows into the intake gas at a merge part located upstream of the compressing means, the exhaust gas heat exchanger includes a heat exchanging member. The heat exchanging member is provided adjacently to the merge part, and exchanges heat between the intake gas and the part of the exhaust gas such that the part of the exhaust gas is cooled by the intake gas.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine and a method of operating the engine which comprises a compressor having an impeller disposed in a housing including a main inlet duct in which the impeller is supported and an additional inlet duct joining the main inlet duct in the area of the compressor impeller, and valving means for controlling the gas supply to the inlet ducts and an electric motor connected to the compressor impeller for rotation therewith so that the compressor is operable by the electric motor and by the pressure drop in the air intake line of the engine, a flywheel is coupled to the impeller for storing rotational energy when the impeller is driven by the intake gas and returning the energy to the impeller when the pressure drop collapses upon a sudden increase in the demand for engine power.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is associated with a remote load indicator which provides an output signal, corresponding to an impending increase in mechanical load. The internal combustion engine includes an air supply system and an electrical processing circuit. The electrical processing circuit is coupled with the load indicator and receives the output signal. The electrical processing circuit controls the air supply system to initiate an increase in an air supply to the internal combustion engine prior to the increase in mechanical load.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine (107) having a first turbine (109), a first compressor (103), an intake manifold (106) in fluid communication with the first compressor (103), an exhaust manifold (108) in fluid communication with the first turbine (109), and an oxygen sensor (121) in fluid communication with the intake manifold (106), disposed on an outlet side of the first compressor (103).

Abstract: A fluid pump enabling circulation of a working fluid in a Rankine cycle system etc. without utilizing electrical energy and able to be realized at a low cost, provided with a water pump for pumping up working fluid (water) from a steam condenser of the Rankine cycle system and feeding it to a boiler, a fluid vessel, a heater heating and vaporizing working fluid in the vessel, and a cooler cooling and liquefying the steam obtained by vaporization at the heater. Further, the fluid vessel is provided with a vibrator storing expansion energy by the expansion pressure of the steam heated by the heater. When the cooler causes the steam to condense and the pressure falls, the energy stored in the vibrator is used to feed working fluid to the heater 12 where the working fluid is then heated.

Abstract: Combustion chamber for a turbomachine, comprising a chamber endwall equipped with fuel injection means and axisymmetric walls connecting the chamber endwall to internal and external flanges for fastening to internal and external casings, these flanges including annular portions pierced by orifices of triangular or approximately triangular shape for the flow of air for cooling downstream components.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an exhaust gas guide of a gas turbine, which is situated between the gas turbine and a downstream waste heat boiler or a downstream gas diverter and which comprises a flow channel which has a cross-section expanding in at least some areas in the main flow direction, having installed surfaces influencing the flow. In order to achieve a more compact implementation of the exhaust gas guide and simultaneously avoid or reduce pressure losses, the installed surfaces are implemented as a swirl device generating a leading edge swirl, which is situated in the diverging area of the flow channel and is implemented to distribute the exhaust gas flow uniformly over the flow cross-sectional area upon entry into the waste heat boiler or the gas diverter. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for mixing the exhaust gas of a gas turbine with hot exhaust gas streams generated in an auxiliary firing of at least one burner.

Abstract: A trapped vortex cavity afterburner includes one or more trapped vortex cavity stages for injecting a fuel/air mixture into a combustion zone. The trapped vortex cavity afterburner is operable to provide all thrust augmenting fuel used for engine thrust augmentation. Each stage has at least one annular trapped vortex cavity. The trapped vortex cavity afterburner may be a multi-stage afterburner having two or more trapped vortex cavity stages ganged for simultaneous ignition or operable for sequential ignition. One embodiment of the annular trapped vortex cavity is operable to raise a temperature of an exhaust gas flow through the afterburner about 100 to 200 degrees Fahrenheit. Each of the trapped vortex cavity stages may be operable to produce a single or a different amount of temperature rise of the exhaust gas flow through the afterburner. A chevron shaped trapped vortex cavity and having zig-zag shaped leading and trailing edges may be used.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine fuel nozzle includes an axis of symmetry extending therethrough, the nozzle body including a first passage extending coaxially therethrough, a second passage, and a third passage, the second passage circumscribing the first passage, the third passage formed radially outward of the second passage, and a nozzle tip coupled to the nozzle body, the nozzle tip including at least one primary discharge opening in flow communication with the first passage, at least one secondary discharge opening in flow communication with the second passage, and at least one tertiary discharge opening in flow communication with the third passage.

Abstract: A combustion engine that has at least a plurality of power strokes during a complete cycle of engine operation that is of compact packaging and Brayton cycle operable. In a preferred embodiment, a piston-cylinder arrangement used to compress air and deliver it to a combustion chamber where it is combusted along with fuel. The combustion gases are returned back to the piston-cylinder arrangement where they act on the piston to output power in a power stroke. A second power stroke can be implemented where additional combustion gases are available to extract additional power from. In a preferred embodiment, the same piston-cylinder arrangement receives the additional combustion gases from the combustion chamber in the second power stroke.

Abstract: A system is provided for hydrogen production from a hydrogen and carbon containing fuel combusted within an oxyfuel combustor. The oxyfuel combustor combusts hydrogen and carbon containing fuel with oxygen at a non-stoichiometric ratio, typically fuel rich. In such an operating mode, products of combustion include steam, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen. These products of combustion are then passed through a hydrogen separator where hydrogen is separated. Remaining products of combustion can be optionally combusted at a stoichiometric ratio with oxygen in a second oxyfuel combustor discharging substantially only steam and carbon dioxide. A turbine can be provided downstream from the gas generator to produce power and eliminate carbon monoxide from the system. The system can be operated in a second mode where the gas generator combusts the fuel with oxygen at a stoichiometric ratio to maximize electric power generation without hydrogen production at periods of peak electric power demand.

Abstract: Combined apparatus for heating a fluid and for producing electrical power is comprised of a burner operable to burn a combustible fuel-air mixture to produce gaseous products of combustion; a heat exchanger adapted to receive the products of combustion and to transfer heat therefrom to the fluid; a gas-operated turbine; and an electrical generator that is co-rotatable with the turbine. In operation, gaseous products of combustion are introduced into the turbine after they have passed through at least a portion of the heat exchanger. The products of combustion expand in the turbine to rotate the turbine, which in turn rotates the generator to produce electrical power. The apparatus further includes a compressor that is co-rotatable with the turbine and generator to provide combustion air to the burner and to circulate the products of combustion through the heat exchanger and turbine.

Abstract: A two-stage power generation system having a compressed air source with two compressed air outlets, one of which provides compressed air to the first stage of power generation and the other of which provides compressed air to the second stage of power generation. All of the fuel for the two-stage power generation system is introduced into the first stage. Exhaust gases from the first stage are introduced into a fuel inlet of the second stage of power generation. The first stage preferably includes a gas turbine operated in partial oxidation mode. The exhaust gases from the partial oxidation gas turbine contain thermal and chemical energy, both of which are used in the second stage.

Abstract: A cooling system capable of reducing ambient temperature of a computer includes a cooling device, a cool connection part, a heat dissipation part and a base box. The cooling device provides a cool part and a hot part. The cool connection part connects with both the cool part and the hot part. The heat dissipation part connects with both the cool part and the hot part too. The base box receives the preceding parts. The cool part and the hot part create low temperature and high temperature respectively. The hot part is connected to the heat dissipation part so that heat from the hot part is guided outward the base box. Low temperature air moves toward interior of a computer casing due to the cool part connecting with cool connection part. Hence, ambient temperature of the microprocessor reduces abruptly for enhancing heat exchange rate.

Abstract: A localized refrigerator apparatus for a thermal management device includes a chamber having an evaporation portion and a condensation portion. The evaporation portion is adapted to thermally couple to a heat generating device. A fluid housed in the chamber and is adapted to facilitate heat transfer between the evaporation portion and the condensation portion by an evaporation and condensation cycle. The thermal management device also includes a thermoelectric cooler thermally coupled to the condensation portion.

Abstract: An improved pulse tube cooler having a resonator tube connected in place of a compliance volume or reservoir. The resonator tube has a length substantially equal to an integer multiple of ¼ wavelength of an acoustic wave in the working gas within the resonator tube at its operating frequency, temperature and pressure. Preferably, the resonator tube is formed integrally with the inertance tube as a single, integral tube with a length approximately ½ of that wavelength. Also preferably, the integral tube is spaced outwardly from and coiled around the connection of the regenerator to the pulse tube at a cold region of the cooler and the turns of the coil are thermally bonded together to improve heat conduction through the coil.

Abstract: A heat transfer fluid can be circulated through an LNG vaporizer, then to a liquid-to-air heat exchanger. Ambient air can be introduced into liquid-to-air heat exchanger to warm the heat transfer fluid while a pump circulates the heat transfer fluid back through the LNG vaporizer. An option is provided for a supplemental heat transfer fluid used to additionally heat LNG or gasified LNG to an appropriate outlet temperature.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method for improving heat transfer between a cold finger of a cryogenic cooler and a Dewar includes forming an annulus between the cold finger of the cryogenic cooler and the Dewar by inserting the cold finger into the Dewar. The cold finger has a first end and a second end. The method also includes inhibiting the formation of convective currents within the annulus in a direction between the first end and the second end. According to another embodiment of the invention, the cooling system includes a cryogenic cooler that includes a cooling section operable to generate cooling fluid and a cold finger operable to receive the cooling fluid. The cooling system also includes a Dewar formed with a void region coupled to an infrared detector. The cold finger is positioned within the void region of the Dewar creating an annulus.

Abstract: A controlled stream of droplets, including liquid droplets contained within an atomized or nebulized stream, are directed toward or onto a target. The target may be a measuring instrument, a gas or mixture of gases, or a solid, liquid, or slush surface. A particularly promising application of this invention is the generation and control of a high speed stream of small liquid droplets directed against a cryogenic surface resulting in very rapid freezing of the droplets. This rapid droplet freezing device would have numerous commercial, industrial, and research applications.

Abstract: A cooling device and assembly including a cooling device which can cool a packaged product prior to use. According to an example, a pressurized container containing a coolant is located between a base and a support such that relative movement between the base and support causes actuation of a valve of the container. The support supports a packaging device for the product. In addition, one or more advantageous expedients are provided for better cooling. For example, the valve is preferably axially on a side of the packaging device opposite a side having an opening for access to a cosmetic product. In addition, or alternately, the valve preferably does not have a diffuser. As a further alternative, or in addition to the foregoing, the valve opens out into a housing closed off by a cover.

Abstract: A method for controlling the amount of a refrigerant of a dual type unitary air conditioner, which has a plurality of centralized warm and cold air circulators and at least one individual warm and cold air circulator, includes inputting the operation capacity of compressors of an outdoor unit of the dual type unitary air conditioner; setting a superheating temperature of the individual warm and cold air circulator to a relatively low value when the operation capacity is large, and setting the superheating temperature of the individual warm and cold air circulator to a relatively high value when the operation capacity is small; and controlling the amount of the refrigerant supplied to the individual warm and cold air circulator according to the superheating temperature, thereby appropriately maintaining the amount of the refrigerant supplied to the individual warm and cold air circulator provided in a designated place and thus forming the optimized refrigerant cycle.

Abstract: A method for selectively operating compressors of a dual type unitary air conditioner includes respectively sensing compressor operation requiring signals outputted from a plurality of centralized warm and cold air circulators and a compressor operation requiring signal outputted from at least one individual warm and cold air circulator; changing the compressor operation requiring signals to numerical values for defining a total compressor capacity value by respectively applying weights to the signals; and selectively operating the compressors connected in parallel according to the obtained total compressor capacity value, thereby correctly selectively operating the compressors corresponding to the amount of an actually required load, thus improving user's comfort and increasing an energy efficiency of the dual type unitary air conditioner.

Abstract: A vehicle air conditioning system is disclosed that includes a compressor, a condenser, a front evaporator and a rear evaporator. The condenser is operably coupled to the compressor. The front evaporator is operably coupled to the condenser and the rear evaporator is operably coupled to the condenser. A high pressure tube operably couples the condenser to the rear evaporator and a low pressure tube operably couples the rear evaporator to the compressor. At least a portion of the high pressure tube and at least a portion of the low pressure tube are formed as a dual conduit section having side-by-side relationship for heat exchange therebetween.

Abstract: A cabin for a work vehicle comprises: a driver's seat positioned within the cabin; cabin frames including at least a transverse frame located in a rear region of the cabin; a roof supported by at least some of the cabin frames; at least one air-conditioning duct located within the roof; an air conditioning unit located rearwardly with respect to a rearward end of a seat portion of the driver's seat and adjacent the transverse frame for conditioning air and for feeding air-conditioned air into the at least one air-conditioning duct.

Abstract: Systems and Methods of cooling heat generating electronics components are provided employing vapor compression refrigeration. In one embodiment, the vapor compression refrigeration system includes a condenser, at least one expansion structure, at least one evaporator, and a compressor coupled in fluid communication to define a refrigerant flow path, and allow the flow of refrigerant therethrough. The at least one evaporator is coupled to the at least one heat generating electronics component to facilitate removal of heat produced by the electronics component. At least a portion of the at least one expansion structure is coated with a polytetrafluorethylene in the refrigerant flow path for inhibiting accumulation of material thereon. The polytetrafluorethylene coating has a thickness sufficient to inhibit accumulation of material in a pressure drop area of the expansion structure without significantly changing a pressure drop characteristic of the pressure drop area.