Abstract: An elastomeric spring including an elongated elastomeric body defining a longitudinal axis for the spring and having first and second longitudinal ends. An outer surface of the elastomeric body extends between the first and second ends and has four generally planar sides, with each planar side of the outer surface being disposed to one side of and generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the spring so as to reduce radial bulging of the spring in all directions when an axial load is applied to the spring. The outer surface of the elastomeric body further includes four angled corner sections extending between the first and second ends of the elastomeric body and disposed a substantially common distance from the longitudinal axis of the spring. One corner section is disposed between any two adjoining sides on the outer surface of the elastomeric body.

Abstract: In a clamping table (1) for workpieces (8) in a machine tool, which includes a plurality of mutually juxtaposed clamping elements (3) which each have a respective telescopic tube unit (10) with a top-end suction plate (11), wherein the concentric tubes (13, 14) of the telescopic tube unit (10) are displaceable relative to each other by a positioning drive (12), the positioning drive (12) is arranged coaxially with respect to the telescopic tube unit (10) and either is releasably coupled to the displaceable telescopic tube (13) by means of a positively locking plug coupling (21, 25) or is permanently coupled to the displaceable telescopic tube (13) and is connected electrically to a power supply (53) by means of a releasable plug connection (50, 52).

Abstract: A jaw for a bar clamp and a method of using a bar clamp, the bar clamp including a trigger having a first force applying mechanism to apply a first force against the drive lever at a first point on the drive lever that is remote from the bar as the trigger pivots with respect to the main section to provide low mechanical advantage to the drive lever. The trigger also having a second force applying mechanism to apply a second force against the drive lever at a second point on the drive lever that is closer to the bar than the first point as the trigger pivots with respect to the main section to provide high mechanical advantage to the drive lever.

Abstract: A bar clamp, including a bar; a first jaw movably coupled to the bar; a second jaw being movably coupled to the bar; and a motor configured to move the second jaw toward the first jaw. One of the first and second jaws including a drive lever that engages the bar and a trigger to move the drive lever and move the bar relative to the one of the first and second jaws.

Abstract: A pin clamp assembly is provided. The assembly includes a housing, a locating pin, a body, and first and second locks. The locating pin extends from the housing. The body extends from the locating pin. At least a portion of the body is located interior of the housing. The body and locating pin are movable with respect to the housing. The first lock is located on the body and the second lock is configured to selectively couple with the first lock. Selective coupling of the locks prevent the body from moving.

Abstract: There is disclosed a vice including a workbench, a stationary jaw installed on the workbench, a seat installed on the workbench, a screw inserted through the tunnel and a movable jaw attached to the screw. The seat defines a tunnel, a space in communication with the tunnel and a cavity in communication with the space. A lock is put in the space for movement between an engagement position and a disengagement position. In the engagement position, the lock is engaged with the screw so that rotation of the screw relative to the lock causes their relative movement. In the disengagement position, the lock is disengaged from the screw so that the screw can be moved relative to the lock freely. A key is put in the cavity for moving the lock between the engagement position corresponding to a fine-tuning step and the disengagement position corresponding to a quick adjustment step.

Abstract: A print media manufacturing system including a print media conveyor, a plurality of print media processing machines adapted to dispense print media components to the print media being conveyed on the print media conveyor, an automated storage and retrieval machine including a shuttle, and a storage rack that stores reserve supply of print media components used by the plurality of print media processing machines. The storage and retrieval machine is operable to position the shuttle along the storage rack, and the shuttle is operable to enter the storage rack to retrieve the reserve supply of print media components stored therein, and to deliver the retrieved reserve supply to the print media processing machines.

Abstract: An apparatus for gathering and/or assembling print products or supplements comprises a conveying section on a conveyor, along which feeding devices for supplying different types of print products are arranged. The feeding devices are driven with synchronous timing and are connected by respectively one drive to the conveyor. The conveyor and at least one feeding device are driven separately. A first measuring device is detects the position of a print product conveyed on a conveying section of the conveying track. A second measuring device is detects the position of a different print product located on a feed conveyor of one of the feeding devices. The measuring devices are connected to a control unit with computing capacity that is arranged to control the drives of the feeding devices.

Abstract: A stitching apparatus for manufacturing printed products, in particular in a gathering and stitching machine, includes a stitching carriage, at least one stitching head for shaping and driving a staple into a stack of signatures, and at least one clinch box for closing the staple driven through the signatures. An actuating device vertically displaces the stitching head for adaptation of the stitching apparatus to a thickness of the stack of signatures. A gathering and stitching machine having a stitching apparatus is also provided.

Abstract: A banknote cassette includes a container having a spring biased pressure plate for maintaining a stack of received banknotes. A cable retraction mechanism exerts the bias force on the pressure plate and allows the displacement of the stack of banknotes when a banknote is added to the stack. Preferably, a helically wound spring cooperates with a cable reel to wind and unwind the cable as necessary and to maintain a tension force in said cable.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a platen glass face provided in an apparatus body and having a reading area for reading a document set under a stationary condition thereof and an automatic reading area for reading the document while the document is guided past over this automatic reading area by an automatic document feeding mechanism, a cover means mounting said automatic document feeding mechanism and attached to the apparatus body via a pivot shaft to be pivoted for selectively opening/closing the platen glass face and a reading guide attached to the cover means and configured for guiding the document in opposition to the automatic reading area when the cover means is closed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a sheet feeding apparatus including a blower for blowing air through a stack of sheets, and a controller configured to operate the blower at a high power setting for a predetermined time period based upon elapsed off time and to subsequently operate the blower at a target power setting. A printer, a method of controlling blower power, and a method of minimizing misfeeds are also disclosed.

Abstract: A sheet supplying apparatus including first and second sheet accommodating portions; at least one supplying member which supplies recording sheets from the accommodating portions; a separating device which cooperates with the supplying member to separate the recording sheets from each other, and which includes (A) an inclined guide plate opposed to respective leading ends of the recording sheets and (B) a sheet-separate body including sheet-separate portions arranged in an array along a sheet-supply path so as to project from the inclined guide plate toward the recording sheets; and at least one contact preventing portion which projects toward the recording sheets, beyond respective free ends of the sheet-separate portions, and which is provided at a position corresponding to an intermediate portion of the array of sheet-separate portions with respect to the sheet-supply path, and assuring that the contact preventing portion prevents each of the recording sheets supplied from the first accommodating portion,

Abstract: Provided is a sheet processing apparatus, including: a stacking unit that is capable of stacking discharged sheets; a drive mechanism that is capable of moving the stacking unit; a storage device that holds data on a moving time of the stacking unit in a rewritable manner; an arithmetic unit that is calculates an estimated value of the moving time of the stacking unit based on the data; and a correcting unit that corrects the data held in the storage device by using an actual measurement value of the moving time of the stacking unit.

Abstract: A bag dispenser feeds a bag assembly for supplying bags to a work station for manual removal from the bag assembly as needed. Each bag is printed with information such as packing date or packing location prior to reaching the work station.

Abstract: A sheet cassette, which can accommodate sheets of different sizes and can detachably attachable in a width direction orthogonal to a sheet conveyance direction, includes side guides for regulating the positions of the accommodated sheets in a width direction and a rear regulation guide for regulating an edge of a sheet in the width direction in the vicinity of the rear edge of the sheet on a back side of the sheet cassette in a mounting direction, and the rear regulation guide is swingably disposed and regulates a position of the sheet by swinging a plurality of regulating surfaces corresponding to the sheets of the different sizes and moving to regulating positions.

Abstract: Feeding systems for documents or other sheet materials include: (a) an inlet; (b) an outlet; (c) a feed path extending between the inlet and outlet; and (d) a feed system that moves materials along the feed path. The systems further may include: (e) a bidirectional feed path extending from the feed path; (f) a supply system that moves materials to the feed path; (g) a bidirectional drive system that moves materials along the bidirectional feed path; and/or (h) a bidirectional feed path access control system. Drive systems may be provided for driving the feed system and at least one of the supply system, the bidirectional drive system, and/or the access control system such that operation of the feed system is independent of operation of the other systems and/or such that a single motor may be used to drive any or all of the systems.

Abstract: A sheet processing apparatus which can be reduced in size and suppress cost increase by preventing sheet buckling and jamming. Sheets stacked on an insert tray of a sheet processing apparatus are fed on a conveying path in a first sheet feed mode in which sheets are fed after being inverted by an inversion path or a second sheet feed mode in which sheets are fed without passing through the inversion path. A pair of conveying rollers conveys the fed sheets and the sheets with images formed thereon. The conveyed sheets are stacked on a processing tray, and a stapler performs predetermined processing on the stacked sheets. It is determined whether predetermined information is included in sheet information about the sheets stacked on the insert tray, and if the predetermined information is included in the set sheet information, a predetermined message is displayed on a display panel.

Abstract: A print media sheets trailing edge knockdown stacking assistance system, in a compiler or other stacking system with a substantial sheet gravity drop, activated for each ejected sheet to move substantially linearly and perpendicularly downwardly from above, but adjacent to, the sheet ejection position to engage a sheet end area and rapidly push it down towards the underlying stack of sheets and into engagement with any sheet compiling device, then automatically rapidly reciprocally lifting up out of the way above the sheet ejection position before another sheet is ejected, without any significant pause between its up and down movements.

Abstract: The sheet discharging apparatus for discharging sheets to a stacking portion by a discharging portion, including an opening/closing member openable and closable with respect to a main body of the apparatus; a lever member rotatably provided on the opening/closing member above the stacking portion and capable of taking a suspended posture by an own weight of the lever member in a position where the opening/closing member is closed; and a delay mechanism which delays a rotation of the lever member toward the suspended posture caused by the own weight of the lever member, when the opening/closing member is shifted from an open position to a closed position. It can be prevented from being caught by the sheet when the upper cover is opened and closed.

Abstract: A case feeder mechanism, used in quantities of two or more in a horizontal magazine, feeds cases to a removal position at the discharge end of the magazine, for extracting and processing by a case erecting machine. Each mechanism has two U-shaped channels, a sliding ratchet pawl channel and a fixed ratchet pawl channel, each containing a row of ratchet pawls. Each sliding ratchet pawl channel pushes the ratchet pawls against the back of the case group, driving the group towards the removal position. Individual sensing valves determine when the lead case is in the removal position and control each sliding ratchet pawl channel independently. Each fixed ratchet pawl channel holds the ratchet pawls in position, supporting the case group during resetting of the sliding ratchet pawl channel. To reload, cases are simply inserted, preferably in bundles, behind the existing case group.

Abstract: A paper feeding apparatus for an image forming apparatus efficiently aligns the leading edge of a paper as being fed into the image forming apparatus regardless of the thickness of the paper. The paper feeding apparatus includes: first and second feeding roller assemblies rotatably installed on a paper feeding path and at least one tension idle wheel installed in anyone of the first and second feeding roller assemblies. The tension idle wheel is resiliently and elastically deformable in the radial direction thereof when the first and second feeding roller assemblies come into close contact with each other. A leading-edge alignment member is installed downstream of the first and second feeding roller assemblies to align the leading edge of a paper as being fed with respect to the apparatus.

Abstract: A conveying device of an image recording apparatus includes a drive roller, a follow roller, an urging member, a bearing member, a pivoting support member, and a driving unit. The urging member applies pressure to the follow roller for pressing the follow roller against the drive roller. The bearing member supports the urging member and rotatably supports the follow roller. The pivoting support member supports the bearing member such that the bearing member is pivotally movable about either one of a rotational axis of the drive roller and another axis different from the rotational axis. The driving unit pivotally moves the pivoting support member and the bearing member between a first position at which the follow roller is located on a conveying path for conveying a recording medium and a second position at which the follow roller is retracted from the conveying path.

Abstract: A coordinate measuring system is provided having a pair of rotary laser devices vertically spaced from one another with the same rotational axis C. Each rotary laser device radiates fan-shaped laser beams inclined off of the horizontal towards a photosensor device. The photosensor device receives the fan-shaped laser beams to obtain tilt angles ?, ? against the horizontal plane and then obtains a height of the photosensor device and horizontal distance X from the rotary laser devices to the photosensor device, based on both of the tilt angles. Further, this operation part measures a rotation angle from a reference direction based on time difference generated when the fan-shaped laser beams, mutually-rotating in the reverse direction, are received at the photosensor device located on an unknown point D2. Coordinates of the unknown point D2 are calculated based on the rotation angle and the coordinates of at least two known points.

Abstract: Recreational gambling machine with roulette game Recreational gambling machine with roulette game, being of the type of gambling machine which functions by means of introducing coins and, optionally, bank-notes, said gambling machines having two games associated together, the gambling machine (1) having an electronic game (2) and a roulette game (3), along with a touch-sensitive screen (4), in such a way that the roulette wheel (9) is driven by a pair of motors (10) and (11) with a common shaft (12), which have opposite directions of rotation, and the transmission of the movement from the common shaft (12) for both motors (10) and (11) to the shaft (13) of the roulette wheel (9) is materialised via a reducing gear (14).

Abstract: A system and method for remapping a game wheel are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method for remapping a wheel comprises providing a wagering game having a wheel divided into a plurality of wheel segments. A map is selected from a library before producing a game outcome. Each map defines particular weights for the wheel segments on the wheel. Once the map is selected, particular weights are assigned to the wheel segments as defined by the selected map, wherein the particular weights are assigned to the wheel segments before a game outcome is produced.

Abstract: A multi-sided playing die capable of indicating at least one of a plurality of symbols on sides of the die comprises an energy storage device within the die and a trigger for discharging energy from the energy storage device to cause rotation of the die out of a position in which said at least one symbol is indicated. The die may include a casing formed from parts arranged to rotate relative to each other to cause rotation of the die.

Abstract: A device for forming a random set of playing cards comprises a card infeed area, a shuffling system, a card removal area; and a card reading system located within the device, the card reading system employing a CMOS sensor and a hardware component, the hardware component capable of converting signals from the CMOS sensor into vector sets and comparing the vector sets to known vectors to determine rank and suit.

Abstract: The invention relates to sets of structural elements representing equilateral irregular pentagonal structures with angles of 36.degree., 108.degree., 108.degree., 36.degree. and 252.degree., which enable a plurality of patterns that can cover a plane periodically or non-periodically. Modified structural elements in which each side of the equilateral, irregular pentagon is replaced by point-symmetrical lines also cover the plane. Sets of said structural elements can be used for tile applications, tile games such as puzzles, intarsia products, jewelry and the production of fabrics and wallpaper.

Abstract: A method of playing a board game designed to teach players how to control their interpersonal behavior to achieve goals. The method includes providing first and second play areas, each having a respective plurality of spaces connected to form a respective path, wherein the two paths are noncontiguous from each other. Within each path, spaces associated with a first behavior category are interspersed with spaces associated with a second behavior category. The proportion of first category spaces to second category spaces is substantially higher in the second play area than in the first. The method further includes associating the first and second behavior categories with themes of connecting and disconnecting behaviors, respectively, providing a token for each player, and moving the token along the first path. Upon the occurrence of a particular event during play, the token is removed to the second path for further movement.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a word game in which a game surface, a plurality of game pieces, and a plurality of word cards are provided for use in games involving homographs. In the preferred embodiment, the game surface comprises a plurality of ladders having starts, finishes and various spaces. The word cards have homographs printed on one side and pronunciations and usages on the other, with a particular pronunciation and word usage selected as being correct for purposes of an individual word card. Game pieces advance one space along a ladder if a team is able to announce a sentence that uses the correct pronunciation and usage of the selected homograph; game pieces retreat one space for an incorrect answer. Play may be passed between teams. Bonus spaces permit game pieces to advance two spaces if the word card is answered correctly.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a game in which a game surface, a plurality of game pieces, and a plurality of game cards are provided for use in games involving names of people. In the preferred embodiment, the game surface comprises a plurality of ladders having starts, finishes and various spaces; the spaces are associated with certain subjects like Entertainment or Politics. The game cards have clues printed on one side; answers are printed on the other side. Game pieces advance one space along a ladder if a team is able to guess the correct answer; play is ceded to the other team for an incorrect answer. Wipe out spaces permit the other team to select the subject of the game card; game pieces advance one space if the word card is answered correctly, and retreat two spaces if answered incorrectly.

Abstract: A gaming method is disclosed and comprises the following steps, which need not necessarily be performed in the exact order: providing at least two card representations to a player, each card representation comprising a symbol, the symbol having a corresponding predetermined value; providing at least two card representations to a dealer, each card representation comprising a symbol, the symbol having a corresponding predetermined value; evaluating a blackjack game outcome by comparing the values of the player and the dealer's card representations, wherein the player wins the blackjack game if the sum of the predetermined values of the player's card representations is higher than the dealer's; using two of the player's card representations for a game of poker; using two of the dealer's card representations for a game of poker; defining values for a plurality of combinations of two card representations; and evaluating a poker game outcome based on the player and the dealer's two card representations, wherein the

Abstract: Two Cards Combo 21 is a card game in convention with the playing method of Blackjack (twenty-one) that multiple players engage in taking turns to play their own hand against to dealer's hand. A method of playing Two Cards Combo 21 card game comprises a dealer and at least one player. It uses a shoe with six decks or eight decks of standard playing card without jokers, queens and kings (44 cards of each deck). In conjunction with standard rules of Blackjack, there are one mandatory bet which is Ante (Two cards Combo 21) and five side bets, such as, Dealer Bust, Any Pair of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, jack, and ace, Blackjack or Combo 21, Any Even number, and Any Odd number.

Abstract: A casino-style blackjack card game that offers players the option of placing wagers against the occurrence of their hand value exceeding 21 (commonly known as busting) on the next card drawn when they have a hard card count of 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20.

Abstract: A poker-type card game comprises at least one player making at least one ante wager in the poker-type game at least against a dealer's hand. The player receives a first number of cards and the dealer receives a second number of cards that is at least one card more then the number of cards received by the player. A set of community cards is provided that are used by the dealer and the player. One of the dealer's cards is exposed to the table to provide an exposed dealer card. The dealer is compelled to discard the exposed dealer's card if the rank of the exposed dealer's card is within a first range of values and the dealer is compelled to discard an unexposed dealer's card if the exposed dealer's card is within a second range of values. After resolving the status of the dealer's hand, the player may be allowed to amend the initial one ante wager.

Abstract: A table top game uses two or more light-weight balls that are staged within an open enclosure overtop of a fan or other pneumatic source that generates a vertical air stream of sufficient flow rate to suspend the balls. Toy weapons are selectively attached to each light-weight ball as part of game play to vary the aerodynamic oscillation, simulating attacking movements that may cause a given light-weight ball to fly out of the air stream or to knock another opponent light-weight ball out of the air stream. Each round of the game concludes with one light-weight ball remaining suspended. The enclosure may advantageously funnel a fallen light-weight ball back into the air stream if not propelled laterally a significant distance out of play. Interactive elements that vary the air stream or inject a lateral air stream or projectile may also be included.

Abstract: A bullet trap is disclosed which is formed without intervening sidewalls to enable cross-shooting and the like with reduced risk or ricochet or damage to the bullet trap. Furthermore, the bullet trap can be configured in a variety of ways to eliminate the need for facing plates while providing a removable attachment mechanism, to enable repair on the trap, to reduce bullet adhesion to the trap and to provide improved containment of lead and improved access to the trap.

Abstract: A method (and process and system) for improving interpersonal communication between a plurality of parties, includes directing a party in the plurality of parties to discuss a subject from a plurality of subjects with at least one other party in the plurality of parties for at least a predetermined period of time, the plurality of subjects including an emotional component and an intellectual component, and discussing the subject by the party.

Abstract: An instructional system having a simultaneously viewable multi-question display, a participant input device associated with said set of participant information in communication with a computer readable medium, a set of question information contained within said computer readable medium having a plurality of questions, a response section for each participant, a plurality of response portions included in said response section associated with a question, a question indicator for indicating which question is the current question, and a set of computer readable instructions for displaying said response section and said question indicator, receiving participant input, actuating said question indicator to display a received answer indicator in response to receiving participant input for indicating that participant input as been received, and associating said participant input with said current question.

Abstract: A brush seal extends between static and rotary components. The brush seal includes a fence on the high pressure side, a bristle pack behind the fence, a bristle pack backing plate and a pressure plate. The backing plate includes a plurality of circumferentially and radially spaced arcuate slots arrayed in staggered relation about the brush seal segment. The pressure plate includes radially extending grooves opening toward the backing plate and intersecting each of the slots along that radius to afford a substantially uniform distribution of pressure on the downstream side of the bristle backing plate. In another embodiment, the grooves extend along the downstream faces of the bristle backing plate.

Abstract: A seal seat assembly utilizes a positive mechanical drive between a seal seat and the bore of a pump component, which in turn is mounted to and driven by the shaft by means of a positive mechanical engagement therebetween. The grommet accommodates the positive mechanical drive between the seal seat and the pump component. The seal assembly enables a robust, easily assembled three-component sub-assembly of the seal seat, grommet and pump component that can be handled as a single unit, and which easily installs onto, seals with, and becomes rotationally locked to a shaft. The positive engagement features, retaining features and static sealing features are axially aligned to provide an axially-compact seal assembly.

Abstract: An apparatus for restricting axial leakage flow through the clearance between a rotating shaft and a seal stator comprises a stepped shaft surface and seal stator having a plurality of damper sections and being interleaved and adjacent.

Abstract: A leakage seal for use in a gas path between two relatively rotatable members of a gas turbine comprises a foil layer and a cloth layer. The foil layer has two expansive surfaces, a single one of which is covered by the cloth layer. The leakage seal has a proximal end, a distal end, and a generally flat region between the proximal and distal ends. The proximal end is attached to an associated one of the turbine members. The distal end diverges from the generally flat region so as to define a curved hook, along which the cloth portion is wrapped over the foil layer, when the distal end is viewed in cross-section.

Abstract: A sealing device includes an inner race, an outer race capped on and rotatable relatively to the inner race, a rubber oil seal mounted between the inner race and the outer race, a lubricating oil received between the inner race and the outer race, radiation holes formed in the outer race, and a spoiler provided between the inner race and the outer race for causing convection of the lubricating oil to lower the temperature of the lubricating oil upon rotation of the outer race relatively to the inner race.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sealing element (1) for arranging between a lining part (3) and a steering column cover (5) of a steering axle, said sealing element being characterised in that it is formed from a foamed part (10) consisting of a restorable material and comprising two limbs (11a, 11b) and a curved, annular, or toroidal central part (11c) connecting the same, or being embodied in an annular or toroidal manner. The invention also relates to methods for mounting said sealing element on a lining part (3).

Abstract: A seal assembly includes a mount that selectively rotates an element and a seal that prevents leakage of a liquid therethrough.

Abstract: A metal laminate gasket for an engine fitting a cylinder liner into a cylinder block is formed by laminating multiple metal plates, and includes a first laminate portion clamped between the cylinder block and the head block; a second laminate portion clamped between the cylinder liner and the head block; a connecting portion formed between the first and second laminate portions and made thinner than the first and second laminate portions; and a damper bead formed in the connecting portion for allowing the second laminate portion to follow the movements of the cylinder liner. Thus, the metal laminate gasket for the engine with the cylinder liner can follow the intricate movements of the cylinder liner accompanied by a high-powered engine.

Abstract: A chuck including a cylindrical body with a nose section and a tail section, the nose section having an axial bore formed therein. A sleeve is rotatably mounted about the body. Rotation of the sleeve in a closing direction moves the jaws toward a longitudinal axis of the axial bore and rotation of the sleeve in an opening direction moves the jaws away from the longitudinal axis. An O-ring is disposed adjacent the sleeve in a plane that is transverse to the longitudinal axis. A bearing has a first race adjacent the body, a second race adjacent the sleeve and bearing elements therebetween. One race defines a ratchet and the other of the first race and the second race defines a pawl biased toward the ratchet. The O-ring biases the pawl toward the ratchet and when the pawl engages the ratchet prevents the second race from rotating in the opening direction with respect to the first race.

Abstract: A chuck for use with a driver having a rotatable drive shaft, the chuck including a body having a nose section and a tail section, the tail section being configured to rotate with the drive shaft and the nose section having an axial bore. A plurality of jaws is movably disposed with respect to the body and in communication with the axial bore. A first sleeve is rotatably mounted to the body in operative communication with the jaws so that rotation of the sleeve moves the jaws either toward a longitudinal center axis of the axial bore or away from the longitudinal center axis. A second sleeve is rotatably mounted to the body and is movable between a first position in which the second sleeve is rotatably fixed to the body and a second position in which the second sleeve is rotatable about the body. The second sleeve moves in a direction transverse to the longitudinal center axis of the axial bore when moving between the first position and the second position.