Abstract: An easel includes three base members configurable as a triangle and three support members configurable to extend from each of the vertices of the triangle and terminate in a common vertex to define a tetrahedron or a pyramid with a triangular base. The easel may include an elasticized cord threaded through the base members and the support members, which may be hollow tubes.

Abstract: A fixing structure for a battery module having a first coupling portion and a second coupling portion, includes a base and a rotating member pivotally mounted to the base. The base has a first fixing portion and a second fixing portion. The first fixing portion includes a first end for being coupled to the first coupling portion, and a second end communicating with the first end thereof and for fixing the first coupling portion. The second fixing portion includes a first end for being coupled to the second coupling portion, and a second end communicating with the first end thereof and for fixing the second coupling portion. The rotating member includes a third fixing portion for being fixed to the first end of the first fixing portion, and a poking portion for allowing the third fixing portion to be separated from the first end of the first fixing portion.

Abstract: A holder for supporting a material that includes a support member having a non-linear first wire element and self-anchoring second and third wire elements for anchoring the support member to two beams of a structure, with each of the second and third wire elements defining an opening designed to receive a respective one of the beams. Methods and kits provide a compact and adjustable holder including a non-liner support member for confining materials between beams of a building structure.

Abstract: A positioning apparatus for test fixtures in a chassis of an electronic device includes a pair of fixing members, a first blocking bar, and a second blocking bar. The fixing members are attached to sidewalls of the chassis and each include a fixing hole defined therein. The first blocking bar includes a first extruding tab and a hook formed at opposite ends thereof. The first blocking bar further includes a threaded hole defined therein. The second blocking bar includes a slot defined therein to engage with the hook. The second blocking bar further includes a fastener fixed at one end thereof to engage in the threaded hole of the first blocking bar, and a second extruding bar formed at another end thereof. The first and second extruding tab engage in the fixing hole of the fixing members.

Abstract: A suspension system for suspending an apparatus, comprising at least one suspension element mountable between the apparatus and a support, wherein said suspension element comprises a laminate material having at least one metal layer and at least one elastomer layer laminated thereon.

Abstract: A moving table supports a parts conveying member. A fixed table is disposed below the moving table and supports the moving table so as to freely vibrate the moving table through a vibration generator. The vibration generator includes a first elastic member and a piezoelectric element mounted to the first elastic member. One end of the first elastic member is fixed to the moving table and the other end is fixed to the fixed table. A support member includes a second elastic member. One of the second elastic member is fixed to the moving table and the other end member is fixed to the fixed table. Accordingly, the piezo-driven parts feeder can be reduced in height, the stress that acts on the vibration generator can be restricted, sufficient amplitude can be ensured and the stress on the vibration generator can be restricted even during high-frequency driving, and the replacement of the vibration generator and the change and control of the resonance frequency can easily be performed.

Abstract: A light amount control device is provided in an endoscope processor. To the endoscope processor, a plurality of scopes that each has a light guide to transmit illuminating light can be selectively and detachably connected. The light amount control device includes a light source and a light amount controller. The light source emits the illuminating light. The light amount controller controls the amount of the illuminating light entering the light guide. The light amount controller controls the amount of the illuminating light, according to the light transmission characteristics of the light guide in the scope, based on scope identification information for identifying the scope that is connected to the endoscope processor.

Abstract: A light emitting apparatus is disclosed for medical applications including photo-dynamic-therapy (PDT), photobiostimulation (photobiomodulation), photo-sterilization, and photo-curing. The light emitting apparatus comprises a plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements, preferably light emitting diodes (LEDs) to produce a high intensity light beam, and a liquid light guide for delivering the light beam from the light source to the treatment site.

Abstract: The CCD charge detection amplifier includes a floating diffusion charge detection node biased from a voltage reference node; a reset device coupled between the floating Diffusion charge detection node and the voltage reference node; a first source follower stage having a control node coupled to the charge detection node; and a positive feedback device coupled in series with the source follower stage and having a control node biased from the voltage reference node.

Abstract: In one aspect, an image sensor is provided which includes an array of unit active pixels. Each of the unit active pixels comprises a first active area including a plurality of photoelectric conversion regions, and a second active area separated from the first active area. The first active areas are arranged in rows and columns so as to define row and column extending spacings there between, and the second active areas are located at respective intersections of the row and column extending spacings defined between the first active areas.

Abstract: A compound-eye imaging device comprises: an optical lens array with integrated optical lenses; a stop member for shielding unnecessary ambient light from entering the optical lenses; a photodetector array formed of a semiconductor substrate and placed at a predetermined distance from the optical lens array for imaging images formed by the optical lenses; a light shielding block placed between the two arrays; and an optical filter for transmitting light from the optical lenses in a specific wavelength range. The optical filter is a part of, and integral with, the photodetector array. The optical filter can be a deposited film formed by depositing silicon oxide and titanium oxide on a glass plate provided for protecting a surface of, and integrally formed on, the semiconductor substrate. This enables to easily omit an optical filter separately provided between the two arrays, thereby reducing the thickness of the imaging device.

Abstract: The present invention is a light detecting device with compensation capacity. The light detecting device includes a light detector, a converter, a compensation circuit, a subtraction circuit, and an amplifier. The light detector can sense ambient light, generate a current signal indicative of the ambient light, and deliver the current signal to the converter. The converter can transform the current signal into a first voltage signal. The compensation circuit includes a shielded photodiode and a resistor and generates a suitable second voltage signal. The subtraction circuit can subtract the second voltage signal from the first voltage signal and produce a current signal that is solely dependent on the ambient light. The amplifier can amplify the current signal and produce a larger current signal to external loads.

Abstract: A digital low-light viewing device comprises a housing having a first end and an opposing second end, the first end defining an optical input aperture and the second end defining an optical output aperture; an infra-red camera assembly responsive to low intensity light and infra red energy received via the input aperture for generating an output image; a signal processor coupled to the camera assembly for processing the output image; a display assembly coupled to the camera assembly for displaying the processed image; a zoom lens assembly coupled to the camera assembly for electronically variably focusing the output image; and control electronics responsive to a control mechanism disposed on a surface of the housing for controlling operating functions of the low-light viewing device, the control mechanism navigable via a user's digit for controlling the operating functions.

Abstract: A beam modifying device configured to receive an input radiation beam along a first optical axis, and configured to emit an output radiation beam along a second optical axis. The beam modifying device includes a divider disposed along the first optical axis and configured to divide the incoming radiation beam into a first part and a second part, the divider being configured to direct the first part along the second optical axis and to direct the second part via a delay path. The beam modifying device further includes optics forming the delay path, the optics being configured to receive the second part and to direct the second part via the delay path and then along the second optical axis. The optics are arranged to mirror the second part such that the second part is mirrored with respect to the first part.

Abstract: A method and system for an optical navigation device configured to generate navigation information through a transparent layer. Specifically, the optical navigation device includes a light source that is configured to illuminate a reflective surface through a layer that is optically transparent to the light source. A sensor is configured to generate navigation information in response to light reflecting off the reflective surface. The sensor is configured with a depth of field to support a distance between the sensor and the reflective surface. A contact sensor is also included to indicate when the optical navigation device is no longer in contact with the transparent layer. The contact sensor allows for skating functionality for the optical navigation device.

Abstract: A method for inspecting an object using a structured light measurement system that includes a light source and an imaging sensor. The method includes emitting light from the light source, polarizing each of a plurality of different wavelengths of the light emitted from the light source at different polarization angles, projecting light emitted from the light source onto a surface of an object, receiving light reflected from the object surface with the imaging sensor, and analyzing the light received by the imaging sensor to facilitate inspecting at least a portion of the object.

Abstract: An improved optic system for measuring and/or controlling displacement, force, pressure, position, or chemistry is disclosed. This apparatus allows for more accurate, robust, and economical communication between the transducer (or control input element) and the reader device (or control output), allows the use of a single optic fiber and/or or a gap for the communication link, and produces substantial insensitivity to attenuation due to mechanical, chemical, thermal, and radiation effects acting on the optic fiber or open space in which the signal propagates. It is also significantly immune to interference from electromagnetic radiation, since the link can be easily produced as a non-conductor which will not propagate unwanted electrical energy or lightning, and is intrinsically safe from igniting fires or explosions. It also facilitates use on rotating machinery and remote location of the transducer by the ability to transmit the signal across a large gap or air space.

Abstract: Optical encoders having one or more of a number of disclosed features are disclosed. The features of the optical encoder in accordance with the present invention include a symmetrical (for example, circular) emitter; baffle between the emitter and a detector; double-dome or single-dome encapsulant; multiple detector; and multiple (at least three) data channels.

Abstract: The invention relates to a shutter for an optical imaging system, e.g. a digital camera. The shutter comprises an interface between a transparent body and a capillary space. Light rays introduced to the active area of the interface are reflected by total internal reflection when the capillary space is filled with a gas. The light rays are transmitted through the interface when the capillary space is rapidly filled with a liquid. Thus, the light rays are either absorbed or reflected towards an image sensor, depending on the state of the shutter. The liquid is delivered to the capillary space through at least one duct which is positioned opposite the active area.

Abstract: An image sensor package structure includes a substrate having an upper surface, which is formed with equal amount of the first electrodes arranged at the each side of the upper surface, each the first electrode of the adjacent side of the substrate is corresponding electrically connected each other, so that the signal from one side of the substrate may be transmitted the adjacent side, the each side of the lower surface of the substrate is formed with second electrodes, each side of the second electrodes is less than the each side of the first electrodes of the upper surface, then the second electrode is electrically connected to the first electrode, so that the signal from the first electrode may be directly transmitted to the second electrode and through adjacent one side of the first electrode transmitted to the second electrode. A frame layer is arranged at the upper surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A programmed computer analyzes data from a mass spectrometer. A spectrum corresponding to an unknown sample is perturbed in various ways, and each perturbed spectrum is compared with the spectrum of a known or reference substance. The perturbed spectrum having the highest correlation with the known spectrum, and which is also physically plausible, is considered to be the best fit. The method indicates in what specific ways the unknown sample differs from, or is similar to, the known substance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ion drive for selectively isolating an analyte of interest and methods of use thereof. The ion drive includes a substrate with channels therethrough, a conductive material coating on the bottom and top of the substrate, a top electrical lead connected to the conductive material coating covering the top of the substrate, and a bottom electrical lead connected to the conductive material coating covering the bottom of the substrate. The invention further relates to an odor emitter which is made up of an ion drive mounted towards the top of a vessel.

Abstract: A mass spectrometry system includes a quadrupole, a quadrupole control, an ion detector and a controller with an ion detector protection module. The ion detector protection module monitors an output signal of the ion detector and when an accumulation of the output signal derived from receiving ions of a particular mass exceeds a threshold, the protection module causes the controller to prevent the ion detector from receiving more ions of that particular mass. In one implementation, when the threshold is exceeded, the protection module causes the controller to signal the quadrupole control to change the DC voltage so that ions are prevented from passing into the ion detector for the remainder of the SIM period. Accuracy is maintained at high signal levels by integrating long enough to get an accurate measurement. Because the signal level is large, only a short integration time is needed to achieve the measurement accuracy.

Abstract: A method for improving the resolution of a scanning electron microscope, the method includes: defining an energy band in response to an expected penetration depth of secondary electrons in an object; illuminating the object with a primary electron beam; and generating images from electrons that arrive to a spectrometer having an energy within the energy band. A scanning electron microscope that includes: a stage for supporting an object; a controller, adapted to receive or define an energy band an energy band in response to an expected penetration depth of secondary electrons in an object; illumination optics adapted to illuminate the object with a primary electron beam; a spectrometer, controlled by the controller such as to selectively reject electrons in response to the defined energy band; and a processor that is adapted to generate images from detection signals provided by the spectrometer.

Abstract: A method of observing a live unit under an electron microscope includes the steps of (A) preparing a live environment inside the electron microscope, wherein the live environment is provided with at least one live unit and a predetermined environmental condition keeping basic physiology of the live unit functional, at least one pair of view windows is located opposite to each other, and the live unit includes at least two objects that can bear different critical charge densities respectively; and (B) irradiating the live unit with a particle beam of predetermined intensity through the view windows, and then display the live unit on an imaging device of the electron microscope, wherein the product of the predetermined intensity of the particle beam and the predetermined duration equals the predetermined charge density that is smaller than or equal to the critical charge density of the object of the live unit.

Abstract: This invention allows an optical CO2 monitor to be used in the breathing loop of a rebreather by lowering the dew point of the gas to prevent condensation within the walls of the sample chamber. Gas flow is induced by a combination of aspiration driven by constant or intermittent flow of oxygen, oxygen enriched gas, and/or diluent gases and/or the pressure differential on a Pitot tube in the breathing loop. Dewpoint reduction is accomplished by counter current flow of dry oxygen, oxygen enriched gas, and/or diluent gases flowing on one side of a naflon or other suitable membrane with the other side of the membrane exposed to the breathing loop. The sample may be extracted either from the scrubbers or from the exhaust line after the scrubber. In one embodiment of the invention, the amount of scrubber usage can be determined by measurement of the proportion of Carbon Dioxide in the sample.

Abstract: A night vision system including a power system having a low voltage unit coupled to a high voltage unit. The low voltage unit includes a low voltage controller and a low voltage table correlating pulse widths to step values. The low voltage unit transmits the step value to the high voltage unit in a pulse train having a period corresponding to a frequency. The high voltage unit including an opto-isolator for receiving the step value from the low voltage controller, a high voltage controller accessing a high voltage table correlating step value to pulse width and threshold. The high voltage controller generates control pulses at the frequency in response to the pulse width and the threshold.

Abstract: A semiconductor radiation detector 10 comprises a Si substrate 11 of an N-ype of low resistance, an arsenic coating layer 12 formed on the Si substrate, and a CdTe growth layer 13 of a P-type of high resistance laminated and formed thereon by the MOVPE method, which is divided into multiple plane elements of a hetero junction structure by means of division grooves 15 extending from the CdTe growth layer surface to the Si substrate. The Si substrate is heated in a hydrogen reducing atmosphere of a high temperature, and its surface is cleaned. On this Si substrate, GaAs powder or GaAs crystals are thermally decomposed, and coated by arsenic molecule to an extent at about one molecular layer, and an arsenic coating layer is thereby formed. On the Si substrate forming the arsenic coating layer, a CdTe growth layer is formed by the MOVPE method to a film thickness of about 0.2 to 0.5 mm in an atmosphere of about 450 to 500 deg. C.

Abstract: In the infrared radiation element (A), a heat insulating layer 2, which has sufficiently smaller thermal conductivity than a semiconductor substrate 1, is formed on a surface in the thickness direction of the semiconductor substrate 1, and a heating layer 3, which is in the form of a lamina (plane) and has larger thermal conductivity and larger electrical conductivity than the heat insulating layer 2, is formed on the heat insulating layer 2, and a pair of pads 4 for energization are formed on the heating layer 3. The semiconductor substrate 1 is made of a silicon substrate. The heat insulating layer 2 and the heating layer 3 are formed by porous silicon layers having different porosities from each other, and the heating layer 3 has smaller porosity than the heat insulating layer 2. By using the infrared radiation element (A) as an infrared radiation source of a gas sensor, it becomes possible to extend a life of the infrared radiation source.

Abstract: Provided are systems and methods using terahertz imaging techniques for performing non-destructive inspection of a structure for detection of surface recesses. A method may involve applying a terahertz-frequency absorbing liquid to a surface of the structure, whereby the liquid will naturally tend to flow into surface recesses present in the surface of the structure, removing excess liquid from the surface of the structure which has not penetrated into existing recesses in the surface of the structure, and, after excess liquid has been removed from the surface of the structure, transmitting electromagnetic radiation in the terahertz frequency range toward the surface of the structure and detecting reflections of radiation which is not absorbed at the surface of the structure. A system may use a liquid applicator, excess liquid remover, a terahertz transmitter, and a terahertz receiver to perform a terahertz imaging non-destructive inspection operation.

Abstract: An image processing system includes a plurality of vertically arranged linear arrays of detectors imaged onto a plurality of areas in a scene of interest. Horizontal movement of an object through the plurality of areas of interest are detected and fed into a processor. The processor may detect object range, direction of movement, speed, true direction of travel, object type. The detectors may be sensitive in the infra red (IR), microwave (including mm wave devices), or visible wavebands, operating with ambient or artificial illumination. In some application a combination of IR and visible detectors may be used. Preferably each detector in the linear array has an associated amplifier and filter. A 360° cover may be obtained by combining several systems into a single unit. The system may be used to detect objects and then control operation of a higher definition two-dimensional detector array and camera.

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring the consumption of fluid by a user, particularly fluids being drank from a container. The apparatus may be used with wide variety of container types. The fluid monitoring unit uses a pair of gears in rotational engagement with each other such that fluid passes around them and rotation of at least one gear is indicative of fluid consumption. The gears in at least one exemplary embodiment are arranged to have low frictional resistance with respect to each other and their respective axles such that the gears quickly and easily rotate and over a wide fluid flow range. This allows the apparatus to accurately and consistently monitor fluid flow from very low flow rates to high flow rates and therefore provide very reliable consumption information. The apparatus in one exemplary embodiment includes an electromagnetic drinking straw embodiment that allows a user to monitor the consumption of fluids from virtually any container type.

Abstract: The invention relates to a detector for the temporally resolved recording of detection events, comprising a converter device (34, 35, 36), which in the operating state supplies an electrical signal when a detection event occurs, and evaluation electronics (1) having at least one trigger (3) which is coupled to the converter device (34, 35, 36) and is designed to supply a trigger signal (5) that is temporally assigned to the electrical signal, at least one time signal source (10) that supplies a first analog time signal (Z 1), and at least a first sampler (6) which is coupled to the trigger (3) and is designed to provide a first momentary value (E1) of the first analog time signal (Z1), said first momentary value being temporally assigned to the trigger signal (5).

Abstract: A three-dimensional PET detector of a type having a scintillation crystal and first and second photosensitive detectors arranged one at each opposite end face of the crystal for detecting scintillation interactions within the crystal is calibrated to determine a depth-of-interaction (DOI) function thereof by irradiating the crystal to cause a predetermined distribution of interactions along a depth axis of the crystal, and applying probability theory to signal data collected by the two photosensitive detectors. The method provides a DOI function that indicates DOI position as a function of a signal ratio R obtained from the signal data.

Abstract: An adhesive composition comprising 5 to 60 wt % of (A) a polyimidesilicone resin 5 to 60 wt % of (B) an epoxy resin having a softening point of 80° C. or lower, 0.001 to 20 wt % of (C) at least one epoxy resin curing catalyst selected from imidazole compounds and dicyandiamide 20 to 70 wt % of (D) spherical silica having an average diameter of 0.1 to 10 ?m, and 5 to 30 wt % of (E) spherical fine particles of silicone rubber composite, wt % being based on a total weight of the composition.

Abstract: Emission contamination data are collected in a shifted mock scan simultaneous with the collection of transmission data during a transmission scan of a patient with a collimated gamma point source, the transmission data are corrected with the emission contamination data, and the corrected transmission data are used for attenuation correction of emission data for reconstruction of an emission image of the patient. In a preferred implementation, when the point source is at a particular axial location and illuminates an axial beamwidth of “Fz” over the gamma detector, emission contamination data are collected from the gamma detector over an axial separated region “Fz?” having about the same axial extent but axially displaced by about half of the axial field of view (FOV).

Abstract: A gas shower to condition at least one optical path in an optical apparatus, wherein the gas shower includes a gas distribution chamber having a shower outlet side to supply gas to the optical path, the gas distribution chamber being configured to distribute the gas to the optical path, wherein the gas distribution chamber includes a substantially sharp tapered tip.

Abstract: A display device capable of implementing a high resolution and a method of fabricating the same. The display device includes a substrate, a silicon member, an electron emission member, and a phosphor layer. The silicon member is attached to the substrate. The silicon member has a groove formed on at least a portion of an inner surface of the silicon member and forms a light-emitting space in cooperation with the substrate. The groove can be formed by chemical etch or deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) of a silicon wafer or a silicon on insulator (SOI) wafer. The electron emission member is disposed on a portion of the groove. The phosphor layer is disposed in the light-emitting space. The display device may further have an anode electrode disposed on the substrate. Such a display device is versatile and simple in structure and fabrication.

Abstract: A detector and method are disclosed for sensing an intensity of an electron beam. An exemplary detector includes a multilayer composite structure having a conductive core, an insulating layer formed on the conductive core, and an outer conductive layer electrically connected to a voltage potential and formed on the insulating layer. A support is configured to locate the conductive core in alignment with an electron beam generator, between an electron beam generator and a target area, and within a direct path of an electron beam to be generated by the electron beam generator.

Abstract: A method of producing extreme ultraviolet radiation (EUV) or soft X-ray radiation by means of an electrically operated discharge, in particular for EUV lithography or for metrology, in which a plasma (22) is ignited in a gaseous medium between at least two electrodes (14, 16) in a discharge space (12), said plasma emitting said radiation that is to be produced. The gaseous medium is produced from a metal melt (24), which is applied to a surface in said discharge space (12) and at least partially evaporated by an energy beam, in particular by a laser beam (20).

Abstract: The present invention provides an improved positron radioactive drug radiation shielding device, which achieves savings in space required to store a canister after dismantling the device. Furthermore, a tungsten sleeve is disposed within the canister, and functions in coordination with a syringe. The tungsten sleeve is able to block radioactive radiation released by radioactive drugs contained in the syringe. Moreover, a front cover and a rear cover joined to two sides of the canister enable a hermetically-sealed space to be formed within the canister, which increases the effectiveness of blocking the amount of radiation from the canister, thereby reducing danger to the human body from the radiation.

Abstract: A method of disposing of radioactive waste comprising the steps of: providing a pressure-equalizing container; filling the pressure-equalizing container with radioactive waste; and burying the waste filled container in a subduction fault region of the earth's crust. For a preferred embodiment of the process, the waste filled containers are buried in the mud on the ocean floor in a subduction fault region. Preferably, the containers are placed on the ocean side of the fault, rather than the continental shelf side. The pressure-equalizing container is preferably fabricated from stainless steel, with a lead seal, although containers fabricated from ceramic materials may also be used. The waste-filled containers are transported by ship to the area above a subduction fault, and an unpressurized, remote-controlled “submarine crawler” takes a number of containers to the ocean floor and buries them there, individually, in the mud or sediments.

Abstract: A photocoupler includes a LED for emitting light in accordance with an input electrical signal, a driver for supplying an electrical signal to the LED, a light receiver placed face to face with the LED and having a photodiode for receiving light emitted by the LED, and a half mirror placed between the LED and the photodiode, for changing the direction of light emitted by the LED. The photocoupler controls the current to be supplied to the LED in accordance with the reflected light by the half mirror to uniformize the light emission intensity of the LED.

Abstract: A method for inspecting an object includes emitting light from a light source, projecting the light emitted from the light source onto a surface of the object, splitting light reflected from the object surface into a first image and a second image, receiving the first image and the second image with an imaging sensor, and analyzing the first and second images received by the imaging sensor to facilitate inspecting at least a portion of the object.

Abstract: A method for inspecting an object using a structured light measurement system that includes a light source for projecting light onto a surface of the object and an imaging sensor for receiving light reflected from the object. The method includes determining a position of at least one of the light source and the imaging sensor with respect to the object based on at least one of a three-dimensional model of the object and a three-dimensional model of the structured light measurement system.

Abstract: A method for inspecting an object using a structured light measurement system that includes a light source and an imaging sensor includes illuminating each of a plurality of different areas of the object with different wavelengths of light using the light source, filtering light reflected from the object into a first wavelength of the different wavelengths, and receiving the first wavelength of light reflected from the object with the imaging sensor.

Abstract: An optical sensor device that can be installed on board a motor vehicle for aid to driving and/or for automatic activation of one or more on-board systems according to the environmental conditions detected comprises a sensor module including an array of the CCD or CMOS type, the sensitive area of which is split into sub-areas dedicated to different functions, which are separate from one another and set at a distance apart, and located adjacent to the four vertices of the sensitive area of the array.

Abstract: An optical arrangement of at least a coherent light source (1), a strongly scattering object (5) (the PUF), and a pixe-lated photo-detector (6), wherein the pixels are comparable in size with the bright and dark patches of the speckle pattern produced by coherent radiation traversing the scattering object (5). Quantitively, the pixel size should be roughly ?/NA, where ? is the wave-length, and (i) NA=a/z for free-space geometry, with a being the beam radius and z being the distance between the exit surface of the PUF (5) and the pixelated detector (6), or (ii) NA is the numerical aperture of a lens (7) in an imaging geometry. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, there are tentative requirements that the pixels should be at least smaller than ?max?NA and preferably larger than ?max?/NA, where (in an exemplary embodiment) ?max=5 and ?min=0.05, say.

Abstract: A safety clamp that has a base with a first surface and a second surface. The first surface has a plurality of clamps attached to the first surface of the base wherein at least one clamp is configured to receive a delivery tube and secure the delivery tube to the base. The clamp has a receiving portion, an intermediary opening, and a clamping portion, wherein the clamp portion reduced the diameter of the delivery tube to prevent flow through the tubing. The second surface of the base has an indicia writing surface to record patient information, type of solution, personnel information and/or the date.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a microvalve for providing pneumatic-flow regulation suitable for use in microsystem applications that are operable using highly efficient actuation means for flow obstruction while being space efficient in design in a manner that is suitable for cost effective bullsk microfabrication. In an embodiment of the invention, the microvalve comprises a first substrate layer, a second layer disposed over the first substrate layer cooperating with the first substrate layer to form a channel through which the flow traverses and defines a direction of the flow. An obstruction element or knife gate is micromachined into the second layer such that it is pivotably attached and actuated with a bimorph actuator to displace the gate along a plane that is substantially perpendicular to the direction of the flow in order to controllably regulate the flow.