Abstract: A spindle motor assembly and a hard disk drive having the spindle motor assembly. The spindle motor assembly includes a data storage disk to store data and having a parking region in which to park a read/write head, a spindle motor to drive the data storage disk and having a hub around which the data storage disk is fitted, and a clamp member to fix the data storage disk on the hub. The clamp member has a vibration restriction portion formed on a circumferential outer edge thereof to face the parking region and to form a marginal gap with the disk.

Abstract: A suspension includes a multilayered plate member formed by at least three layers laminated together. Modulus of elasticity of neighbor layers of the at least three layers are different from each other. Both side edges of only a part of the layers of the multilayered plate member within a stiffness-required region are bent to form ribs.

Abstract: Disclosed are a thin film magnetic head that has a recoding coil and a method of forming a recording coil can sufficiently achieve a cross-sectional area of the coil and reduce coil resistance. A recording coil of a thin film magnetic head is formed as follows. First, frames, which divide a coil forming area, are formed on the plating base film for forming a coil. Further, the plating base film exposed between the frames is etched, and etching rebounds the plating base film are re-attached to a frame side wall. Then, a nonmagnetic metal layer is formed by plating on the area divided by the frames. Accordingly, the recording coil that has a thickness at both end portions in a coil width direction that is larger than that of a central portion thereof is obtained.

Abstract: A thin-film magnetic head and method of manufacturing the same are provided. The thin-film magnetic head includes a reading head that includes a reading element. A writing head is formed above the reading head. The writing head includes a first magnetic part and a second magnetic part that are connected with each other with a gap therebetween at a predetermined distance in a height direction side. A solenoidal coil layer that is formed by connecting ends of a first coil layer. The first magnetic part is formed on a first coil insulating layer and electrically connected with a conductive layer.

Abstract: A thin film magnetic head is provided. The thin film magnetic head includes an upper coil wire group and a lower coil wire group. Two columns of coil contact groups that are formed on both end portions of individual coil wires of the upper coil wire group and the lower coil wire group and connect both end portions of the coil wires. An insulating resist layer buries a space between coil contacts of the coil contact groups. An inorganic insulating layer buries a space between the two columns of coil contact groups. The upper coil wire group, the lower coil wire group, and the two columns of coil contact groups form a thin film coil that applies a magnetic recording field to the magnetic material layer. The insulating resist layer and the inorganic insulating layer are located at the same lamination height as the two columns of coil contact groups.

Abstract: A magnetic head comprises a pole layer, a shield layer, a gap layer disposed between the pole layer and the shield layer, and a coil. The shield layer incorporates: a first layer disposed on the gap layer; a second layer disposed on the first layer; and a third layer disposed on the second layer. The first layer has an end face located in a medium facing surface. An end face of each of the second and third layers closer to the medium facing surface is located at a distance from the medium facing surface. A first nonmagnetic layer is disposed around the first layer. A second nonmagnetic layer is disposed between the medium facing surface and the end face of the second layer closer to the medium facing surface.

Abstract: An electrical signal processing device includes at least one thin film flux generator and at least one thin film magnetic sensor. Each flux generator includes at least one conductive induction line that is connected to at least one lead of a pair of input leads, and a yoke that surrounds the conductive induction line. The yoke has at least one pair of pole tips, and a gap is disposed between the end surfaces of each pair of pole tips. A magnetic sensor is disposed in the gap, and a pair of output leads is connected to the sensor. An alternative embodiment may include two or more conductive induction lines that are connected to respective separate pairs of input leads. Alternatively, two or more conductive induction lines may connect to one another to form an induction coil. The flux generator and magnetic sensor are preferably formed on a single substrate to create an integrated device.

Abstract: The method for copying data from a tape onto a storage medium comprises the steps of scanning the tape in a fast winding operation, counting control pulses present on the tape during the fast winding operation in a counter, defining a compression rate in dependency of the number of control pulses and the capacity of the optical medium, reading the data from the tape and writing the data onto the storage medium by using said compression rate. The appliance comprises a media recorder, a tape recorder and a micro-controller for performing the method. The appliance allows in particular, copying in an automated procedure all information being recorded on the tape onto the storage medium via a one touch copy operation, by making optimum use of the capacity of the storage medium.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a slider in a head has an opposite surface that is opposite a surface of a recording medium, a plurality of protrusions protrusively provided on the opposite surface, and a negative pressure cavity. A method of manufacturing a slider provides a mask of a predetermined shape on the opposite surface and then subjects the opposite surface to removing processing to form a protrusion including a protruding portion having two opposite sides. Another mask is provided on the opposite surface of the slider, the another mask covers one of the two opposite sides and a part of the protruding portion. Then, the opposite surface is subjected to removing processing to form a protruding portion in which the two adjacent sides are adjacent to respective grooves of different depths and which is narrower than the narrowest part of the masks used.

Abstract: An actuator of a hard disk drive includes a swing arm having an axis or rotation, a suspension extending from a distal end of the swing arm, a read/write head mounted on the suspension, a coil support fixed to a proximate end of the swing arm so as to rotate with the swing arm and to which a voice coil motor coil is wound, a respective magnet disposed above and/or below the voice coil motor coil as facing the voice coil motor coil, and at least one magnetic retracting member of a magnetic material fixed to the coil support and attracted to the magnet. Each magnetic retracting member arrives close to the magnet when the swing arm is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise about its axis of rotation. Thus, the force of attraction between the magnetic retracting member and the magnet biases the wing arm in one of its directions of rotation such as that in which the swing arm is moved during an unloading operation in which the read/write head is parked.

Abstract: A magnetoresistance effect element has a lamination structure comprising a free layer including two ferromagnetic layers, a pinned layer including two ferromagnetic layers, and at least one nano-contact portion composed of a single ferromagnetic layer and disposed at least one portion between the free layer and the pinned layer. A distance between the free layer and the pinned layer, i.e., thickness of the nano-contact portion in the lamination direction, is not more than Fermi length, preferably less than 100 nm.

Abstract: Giant magnetoresistance structures exhibiting a giant magnetoresistive effect are provided, and apparatuses incorporating said structures. The structures incorporate a giant magnetoresistive element that is surrounded by protective layers that are capable of shielding the element from harsh environmental conditions, thereby enabling their use in harsh environments.

Abstract: A magneto-resistance effect element according to the present invention comprises a pinned layer whose magnetization direction is fixed; a free layer whose magnetization direction varies in accordance with an external magnetic field; and a nonmagnetic spacer layer that is arranged between said pinned layer and said free layer. At least either said pinned layer or said free layer includes a Heusler alloy layer that is disposed adjacent to said spacer layer, and compounds are arranged in a dotted pattern at an interface between said spacer layer and at least said spacer layer and said pinned layer or said spacer layer and said free layer, said compounds including material that is included in said Heusler alloy layer.

Abstract: The invention concerns a portable carrying apparatus (100) and a method (800) of the operation thereof. In one arrangement, the portable carrying apparatus can include a holding device (104) and a clip (106). The holding device can be made of a material that is capable of transmitting light. A light source (302) can be activated by an activation device (410) to illuminate the holding device in the occurrence of an event. The method can also include configuring the duration as well as a sequence of illumination of the light source, depending on the event that takes place.

Abstract: A universal hybrid solid-state switchgear for power transmission or distribution systems incorporates a fast mechanical switch and solid-state power electronics switching circuits to provide circuit breaker and fault current limiting applications.

Abstract: A switching power supply capable of reducing the size as well as noise is provided. A switching element is connected in series with a primary winding of a transformer, a rectifier/smoothing circuit is connected with a secondary winding and a wave-shaping circuit is connected with an auxiliary winding. An operating voltage of a control circuit controlling ON/OFF of the switching element is supplied from a connection node between the primary winding of the transformer and the switching element. The control circuit includes: an output voltage detection circuit that obtains, from a voltage output from the wave-shaping circuit, a feedback voltage in proportion to a voltage output from the rectifier/smoothing circuit and generates a signal for PWM control of the switching element; and a bottom detection circuit that detects, from the voltage output from the wave-shaping circuit, a bottom level of a ringing voltage.

Abstract: A thermal overload protection for an electrical device, particularly an electric motor (M), measures a load current supplied to the electrical device (M), and calculates the thermal load on the electrical device on the basis of the measured load current, and shuts off (S2) a current supply (L1, L2, L3) when the thermal load reaches a given threshold level. The protection comprises a processor system employing X-bit, preferably X=32, fixed-point arithmetic, wherein the thermal load is calculated by a mathematic equation programmed into the microprocessor system structured such that a result or a provisional result never exceeds the X-bit value.

Abstract: An electrical appliance includes a power cord having a GFCI device and an associated remote test/reset unit. The power cord includes a first end portion provided with a plug adapted to be inserted into an electrical outlet. The first end portion extends to a second end portion that is electrically coupled to a plurality of electrical components in the appliance. The test/reset unit is spaced from the GFCI device along the power cord. Preferably, the test/rest unit is connected to the power cord through an extension lead. With this arrangement the test/reset unit is actually remote from the GFCI device, allowing easy access to service personnel.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus for detecting an arc fault, which prevents a malfunction caused by a conventional current detecting method by detecting a source voltage applied onto a conductive wire to determine whether there is an arc fault, prevents a malfunction with respect to a pseudo arc signal by dividing a current detecting route into two according to the magnitude of a load current occurring onto the conductive wire to determine whether there is the arc fault by voltage detection, and lessens the danger of a fire by reducing a circuit break time according to the magnitude of the load current. A voltage detector detects the arc fault by use of two detecting routes. Each route differs in a filtering value of a filter, presence/absence of level limit, an amplification factor of an amplifier, an accumulation value of a comparator, etc. according to the magnitude of a load current occurring on a conductive wire, thereby reducing a circuit break time.

Abstract: An electrostatic discharge protection circuit adapted to reduce an electrostatic discharge event on a line of an integrated circuit. The protection circuit includes an NMOS transistor having a source contact that is electrically connected to the line. A drain contact is electrically connected to a logical low voltage, and a gate contact is also electrically connected to the logical low voltage, through a resistor. A substrate bias pump is electrically connected to a back gate of the NMOS transistor, where the bias pump provides a steady state direct current negative bias during normal operation of the integrated circuit when there is no electrostatic discharge event.

Abstract: A timing controller chip including a first resistor, a second resistor, a first electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection circuit, a second ESD protection circuit, and an operational amplifier is provided. Wherein, the first and the second resistors are electrically coupled to a first and a second low voltage differential signal (LVDS) input pins of the timing controller chip, respectively. The first and the second ESD protection circuits are electrically coupled to the first and the second resistors, respectively. Moreover, the operational amplifier has a non-inverting input terminal electrically coupled to the first resistor and the first ESD protection circuit, and an inverting input terminal is electrically coupled to the second resistor and the second ESD protection circuit.

Abstract: A signal transmission circuit transmitting signals via a first and a second signal lines that provide a differential pair, includes: a current source installed between a first power source and a given node; a first switching element installed between the first signal line and the node; a second switching element installed between the second signal line and the node; a current control circuit varying a value of a current that flows from the constant current circuit, wherein the first and second signal lines are operated by the current from the constant current circuit via the first and second switching elements, the current being varied by the current control circuit.

Abstract: A method and system for a power distribution system are provided. The method includes determining at a central controller normal mode configuration settings for a plurality of circuit breakers of the power distribution system and determining at the central controller alternate mode configuration settings for the plurality of circuit breakers of the power distribution system. The method further includes controlling with the central controller the operation of the plurality of circuit breakers based on the normal mode configuration settings and the alternate mode configuration settings.

Abstract: A power distribution system and a method for assembling the power distribution system are provided. The power distribution system is configured to be mounted on a wall and to hold a plurality of devices thereon. Further, the power distribution system is configured to supply either an AC voltage or a DC voltage to each of the devices.

Abstract: A high-frequency power supply system includes an anomaly detector 3 which detects an anomaly occurring in a circuit on the side of a load L as from an outputting end A of a high-frequency power source 1. The anomaly detector 3 includes a first detector 21 which detects a voltage value Vf of a high-frequency forward wave, a second detector 22 which detects a voltage value Vr of a high-frequency reflected wave, a reflection coefficient calculator 23 and a differentiator 24 which calculate a reflection coefficient differential value d?/dt from the forward wave voltage value Vf and the reflected wave voltage value Vr, and an anomaly determiner 25 which determines of an occurrence of an anomaly based on the reflection coefficient differential value d?/dt. When the anomaly detector 3 outputs an anomaly detection signal to the high-frequency power source 1, high-frequency power source 1 stops its power output operation.

Abstract: A circuit breaker includes line and load terminals, separable contacts electrically connected between the line and load terminals, and a line neutral pigtail. An operating mechanism including an operating handle is adapted to open and close the contacts. A trip circuit responds to current flowing through the contacts and cooperates with the operating mechanism in response to predetermined current conditions to open the contacts. The trip circuit is powered from the line terminal and the line neutral pigtail. A solenoid includes a plunger and a coil, which is energized from the line terminal and the line neutral pigtail. The plunger engages the operating handle when the coil is not energized to prevent movement of the handle from the open to the closed position thereof. The plunger disengages from the operating handle when the coil is energized to permit movement of the handle from the open to the closed position thereof.

Abstract: An earthing of an electronic circuit is disclosed in a device belonging to a low-voltage system with, for example, a maximum AC voltage of 1000 V or a maximum DC voltage of 1500 V in which the device is at the main voltage potential or is connected to the main voltage through a high-impedance coupling. An overvoltage protection of the interface between such an electronic circuit and a SELV (Safety Extra Low Voltage) circuit is also disclosed. The neutral point (COM) of the electronic device is coupled to protective earth (PE) through at least one breakdown-based overvoltage protector. The rated breakdown voltage of the overvoltage protector is higher than the voltage present across it in normal operating conditions but lower than the minimum dielectric strength of the component forming the interface between the electronic device and the SELV circuit.

Abstract: An exemplary clamping apparatus (9) for optical members (40) includes a holder (10) and a protecting member (20). The holder has a plurality of receiving members (12) therein for receiving the optical members. The protecting member covers the optical members and carries a static electrical charge.

Abstract: A substrate-chucking electrostatic chuck (ESC) is disclosed which is sub-divided into at least three groups of electrostatic blocks, to uniformly chuck the substrate. A substrate bonding apparatus and method for a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel using the electrostatic chuck is also disclosed. The ESC includes at least three groups of electrostatic blocks which chuck the substrate using electrostatic chucking forces respectively generated by different voltages applied to the electrostatic blocks in association with the electrostatic block groups, and release the chucked substrate when the voltages are cut off.

Abstract: Cryogenic apparatus is provided having first and second single-shot refrigerators and an enclosure for containing a coolant gas. First and second condensation surfaces are provided within the enclosure, the said surfaces being selectively cooled when in use by the respective first and second single-shot refrigerators such that coolant gas condenses on the surfaces as liquid coolant. A cold platform which, receives the liquid coolant from the condensation surfaces. The enclosure is adapted to provide a path for gaseous coolant between the first and second condensation surfaces, the path having a lower hydraulic impedance than that between each of the condensation surfaces and the cold platform.

Abstract: In order to provide a built-in capacitor type wiring board capable of preventing misalignment of the capacitor, a capacitor built-in type wiring board is provided which includes a core board; a multilayer portion disposed on at least one side of the core board and formed by a plurality of interlayer insulating layers; and a plurality of conductor layers alternately laminated on the core board. The capacitor is of a chip-like shape with first and second main surfaces and includes a dielectric layer; electrode layers laminated on the dielectric layer; and a hole portion opening at least at the second main surface. The capacitor is embedded in the interlayer insulating layers so that the second main surface faces the core board.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide parallel plate capacitors comprising a bulk single crystal or single crystal film dielectric material disposed between the parallel plates and capacitors comprising one or more bulk single crystal or single crystal film dielectrics each disposed between two electrodes. Energy storage devices incorporating these capacitors also are disclosed.

Abstract: A monolithic capacitor includes a main capacitor unit having first capacitor portions and a second capacitor portion arranged in a direction of lamination, with the first capacitor portion located towards at least one end in the direction of lamination, so that the first capacitor portion is located closer to a mounting surface than the second capacitor portion. The number of pairs of third and fourth lead-out portions for third and fourth internal electrodes in the second capacitor portion is less than the number of pairs of first and second lead-out portions for first and second internal electrodes in the first capacitor portion, so that the first capacitor portion contributes to decreasing ESL while the second capacitor portion contributes to increasing ESR.

Abstract: An electrolytic solution, for use in an electrolytic capacitor, comprising a solvent and a solute wherein water accounts for 20 to 100% by weight of the solvent and the total solute content is from 1.5 to 44% by weight, and an electrolytic capacitor comprising a capacitor element, a case containing the capacitor element, and a sealant with which the case is sealed, the capacitor element comprising a pair of electrode foils each comprising a dielectric, a separator for isolating the electrode foils from each other, and the above electrolytic solution filled between the electrode foils.

Abstract: A power distribution system and method may include a first power domain having a first plurality of power rails, a second power domain having a second plurality of power rails, where the first power domain is electrically independent of the second power domain, and a plurality of modules coupled to the first power domain and the second power domain, where each of the plurality of modules is coupled to one of the first plurality of power rails and one of the second plurality of power rails. The system may also include a plurality of mated pairs, where each of the plurality of modules is in only one of the plurality of mated pairs, and where each of the plurality of mated pairs is coupled to two separate of the first and second plurality of power rails.

Abstract: An articulated device includes first and second elements movably connected by a pivot pin. Each element has a borehole. A metallic bearing bush having first and second collars is positioned within the first borehole. The pivot pin has first and second steps having different diameters with the diameter of the first step being larger than the diameter of the second step. The first step has a support head. The steps have a stop between them. The first step extends through the first borehole and is supported on the second element by the stop such that the collars of the bearing bush enclose a portion of the first element adjacent to the first borehole. The second step extends through the second borehole and is axially secured therein. At least one of the collars is shaped into an end position and the second step is fixed in place by a rivet head.

Abstract: An electronic product (10) includes a front housing (12) coupled to a first frame (32) having a first frame guide rail (34), a rear housing (14) coupled to a second frame (42) having a second frame guide rail (54), a pivot arm (50) coupled between a fixed axis (33) on the first frame and a first translating axis (45) on the second frame, and a second translating axis (46) that translates along the first frame guide rail as the first translating axis translates along the second frame guide rail. The fixed axis and second translating axis are in substantially the same horizontal plane when the electronic product is in a closed position. The fixed axis and first translating axis are in substantially the same horizontal plane when the electronic product is in a closed position and in substantially the same vertical plane when the electronic product is an open position.

Abstract: A display used on a desk or a wall, includes a display; a center seat pivoted to a rear side of the display; and a base pivoted to the center seat. The base can be rotated to a lower portion of the display, serving as a pedestal to support the display on the desk, or be rotated to a rear side of the display, allowing the base to be mounted on the wall via a through hole formed in a bottom of the base so as to hang the display on the wall.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment, the present invention relates to a support structure for an electronic component, such as a voltage regulator module for a computer device. The exemplary support structure has a body and a leg extending askew from the body, the leg and body cooperating to define a receiving region for receiving the electronic component. The leg has a resilient securement portion that is configured to releasably engage with an electronics substrate.

Abstract: A hinge structure for notebook computer is provided. The notebook computer includes a main body, a liquid crystal display (LCD) module, and a hinge unit. The hinge unit consists of two shaft holders, two shafts, and at least two annular bodies; the two shafts are mounted on the two shaft holders; the respective annular body is disposed with a gap and securely overlies the shaft. The two shaft holders are mounted on the main body of notebook computer with one end each screwed to the frame of LCD module. The hinge structure couples the main body and LCD module of the notebook computer together, and with the working of the hinge structure, it takes little force to open the LCD module and more force to close it.

Abstract: A server includes a front module (10), a middle module (50), and a back module (30). The front module includes a first chassis (12) able to receive a plurality of data processing components. The back module includes a second chassis (32) able to receive a plurality of auxiliary components to serve the data processing components via the middle module. Two first rails (18) are mounted to opposite sides of the first chassis of the front module respectively, for slidably engaging with a rack. Two second rails (34) are mounted to opposite sides of the second chassis of the back module, for slidably engaging with the rack.

Abstract: A laptop-type personal computer operable on power supplied from at least one of an AC adaptor and a battery pack includes a memory card loader configured to detachably load a memory card powered by at least one of the AC adaptor and the battery pack; a cover mechanism configured to cover and uncover the memory card loader; a detector configured to detect whether the memory card loader is covered by the cover mechanism; and a controller configured to control the power supply to a memory card loaded on the memory card loader when the cover mechanism uncovers the memory card loader.

Abstract: A mounting apparatus for holding a storage device with a mounting hole comprises a bracket, an operating member, and a fastener. The bracket comprises a first sidewall connected to a second sidewall, and the second sidewall is generally perpendicular to the first sidewall. The storage device is disposed in the bracket. A fastener is pivotally attachable to the first sidewall of the bracket, and a mounting tab is formed from the fastener. An operating member is movably attached to the second sidewall of the bracket and connectable to the fastener. The fastener is pivoted by moving the operating member so that the mounting tab of the fastener is inserted into the mounting hole of the storage device for latching the storage device. Thus, the storage device is locked in the bracket.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and system are disclosed for utilizing a mechanical air redirection device with air cooled computer assemblies in order to evenly distribute airflow to provide balanced cooling of heat producing components, such as memory chips and boards. The present invention improves the thermal distribution and dissipation of heat for computer and memory systems when some memory devices are removed or left uninstalled.

Abstract: A housing arrangement including a receiving housing with an interior inside which a cooling device and one or several electric units are accommodated. The cooling device includes a flow line and a return line extending at least partially between the base area and ceiling area of the receiving housing. Connecting lines run from the flow line and the return line and are physically connected to a cooling circuit of one or several electric units. Effective cooling of receiving areas which are fitted in a complex manner with built-in components is obtained because a distributor line is respectively guided from a flow line and a return line to a distributor which is maintained inside the receiving housing. The distributor includes several distributor connections that can be connected to connection lines which are guided to the electric built-in component, such as a computer unit.

Abstract: An outdoor apparatus includes a box-shaped main casing body that has an opening formed at a front face and that houses at least one electronic circuit board in an interior thereof; and a box-shaped front panel that covers the front opening of the main casing body; an upper plate of the main casing body having an upward protrusion that protrudes upward and has a plate-like rearward protrusion that protrudes rearward from the upward protrusion; and the front panel having a bent portion that is bent substantially perpendicularly from an upper plate that opposes the upward protrusion of the main casing body and contacts a tip of the rearward protrusion of the main casing body. The reliability of the waterproof function against the entry of rainwater is thereby improved.

Abstract: A heat dissipation device includes a heat sink (22), a first fan (24) disposed on one part of the heat sink, a second fan (26) disposed on another part of the heat sink and a cover (30) disposed to enclose the heat sink, the first fan and the second fan. The second fan draws the air produced by the first fan and flowing through the heat sink to quickly leave the heat sink.

Abstract: A detachable fan assembly, which includes a casing, which has an opening and angled lugs at two sides of the opening, a mounting frame, which has hooked portions respectively detachably hooked on the angled lugs of the casing, a fan fastened to the mounting frame with fastening members, and a grille, which is covered on the opening of the casing to hold down the mounting frame on the angled lugs of the casing and which has a locating flange at one lateral side and a plurality of protruding retaining portions disposed at the other lateral side and respectively fastened to the casing at two sides of the opening and a finger strip for the pulling of the hand to separate the grille from the casing.

Abstract: A heat sink module used in a notebook computer is provided, in which a heat sink fin set is fixed in a fan case and an upper case is disposed on fan leaves within the fan case, the upper cover has a hole disposed at a region over the fan leaves. A heat conducting tube has two ends, with one disposed on the heat sink fin set and the other fixed with a side plate. Then, the thermally conducting piece is fixed on the upper case. Finally, a press and fixation member is disposed on the side plate and assembly of the heat sink module is completed. In case of being used, the thermally conducting piece is bonded on the heat source. As such, not only heat may be moved from the heat source but also the heat sink module has increased strength and reduced weight.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided an electronic apparatus including: a substrate on which an electronic component is mounted; a casing that accommodates the substrate and has a recess portion; an air vent through which the recess portion is communicated with an inside of the casing; a hood that covers the recess portion and includes an exhaust port; a fan that is configured to suction air from the inside of the casing through the air vent to the recess portion and discharge the air to outside through the exhaust port, the fan being housed between the recess portion and the hood; and a motor that is supplied with power from the substrate to rotate the fan, the motor being housed between the recess portion and the hood.