Abstract: An acoustic source for infrasonic electromagnetic wave exploration including: an electrically conductive, generally cylindrical tubular member for containing an electrically conductive fluid, the tubular member having a closed top end, an open bottom end, an interior wall and an internal diameter; an electrode axially positioned within the tubular member, wherein the electrode is axially positioned within the tubular member at a distance equivalent to about three times the internal diameter of the tubular member to enable the acoustic source to produce high energy acoustic waves having a substantial portion of acoustic wave energy in the infrasonic frequency range; means for electrically connecting the electrode to the negative electrical pole of an external source of DC electric power; and means for electrically connecting the tubular member to one of: a positive electrical pole of the external source of DC electric power; an electrical ground; and a combination of the above.

Abstract: The invention provides a water feature comprising a vessel containing a volume of water and means for imparting rotational motion thereto, wherein means are also provided for varying the height of the volume of water in the vessel. The invention also provides a method of operating a water feature comprising at least one vessel containing a volume of water, comprising the steps of causing the or a volume of water to rotate about an axis thereof so as to form a vortex therein and causing the rotating volume of water to vary in height over time.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for recording information in the form of a pattern of magnetic domains in a recording layer. The recording layer includes a material having a Curie temperature and grains, the grains having boundaries over which the exchange coupling is small. The method includes a first step of applying heat to the material, thereby heating an area of the recording layer to a temperature above the Curie temperature during a first interval. In a second step a magnetic field is applied to the area during a second interval, the second interval ending after the first interval.

Abstract: An objective lens drive device (8) includes a supporting block (9), a movable block (10) for holding an objective lens (27), and supporting springs (22) for connecting the supporting block and the movable block. Elements of the supporting block of the objective lens drive device (8) are a stationary section (11), a supporting shaft (12), a tilt drive section (13), and tilt drive magnetic circuits (20 and 20). The stationary section (11) is secured to a movable base (7) that is movable in radial directions of a disc-shaped recording medium (100). An axial direction of the supporting shaft (12) is perpendicular to both focusing directions and tracking directions. The tilt drive section (13) is rotatably supported at the stationary section through the supporting shaft and is connected to the movable block through the supporting springs. The tilt drive magnetic circuits (20 and 20) are used to rotate the tilt drive section with respect to the stationary section.

Abstract: An unknown optical disc is identified as a CD when an all sum signal value AS-max by a photodetector on a signal surface of the unknown optical disc is larger than an all sum signal value AS-cdref for CD signal surface reference for identifying the CD and the hybrid SACD as a CD based on each CD signal surface thereof, and a focus search driving voltage Y corresponding to the signal surface of the unknown optical disc is lager than a voltage value acquired by a predetermined relational expression between a focus search driving voltage Q corresponding to a DVD signal surface of a reference DVD and a focus search driving voltage R corresponding to a CD signal surface of a reference CD.

Abstract: An optical head comprising a light source, an objective lens, a light splitting means, a light receiving element, a tracking error signal detection means, and a spherical aberration detection means, wherein the light splitting means has six regions that are divided by a first splitting line that is substantially parallel to a longitudinal direction of an information tracks, and by second and third splitting lines perpendicular to the first splitting line.

Abstract: A BCA (Burst Cutting Area) code including a unique disk code indicating the type of a disk is written in a BCA code area of the disk. If the disk is mounted into the optical disk player, the optical disk player reads data written in the BCA code area, extracts the disk code contained in the read data, and confirms the type of the disk corresponding to the extracted disk code by retrieving a disk code table in which disk codes corresponding to the types of disks are mapped.

Abstract: An optical disc on which data is recorded and/or from which the data is reproduced, includes a recording area where the data is recorded in at least one physical cluster, a defective area, where a defect that prevents a recording and/or reproduction of data is present, provided in the recording area, and a recording end area where information indicating an end of recording is recorded before the defective area. A method of recording data on and/or reproducing the data from a high density optical disc having a defective area, includes recording the data in a predetermined recording area having the defective area, and recording end data indicating an end of the recording before the defective area.

Abstract: A disc recording and reproducing device disclosed herein comprises: a resuming section which resumes writing of record data; a first reproduction synchronization signal output section which reproduces the record data recorded on a recorded data region, sequentially extracts a synchronization signal from the reproduced record data, and outputs a first reproduction synchronization signal; a reliability judging section which only detects a frame having a period in accordance with a predetermined standard from the first reproduction synchronization signal, and outputs the frame as a reliability synchronization signal; a synchronization signal phase retaining section which outputs a retained phase signal that retains a phase of the frame of the reliability synchronization signal; a second reproduction synchronization signal output section which reproduces the record data recorded on an additional data region, sequentially extracts the synchronization signal, and outputs a second reproduction synchronization signal

Abstract: An optical disc apparatus includes a pause circuit for pausing data encoders upon receiving a pause signal so that a write operation may be paused without writing dummy data, thereby maintaining data succession. The optical disc apparatus also includes a circuit for accurately determining a write start location by referring to previously written data. A processor generates a pause signal when the amount of data in the optical drive apparatus data buffer is low, and removes the pause signal when additional data from a host is received. The processor may also automatically reduce the write speed of the optical disc apparatus upon a pause condition, thereby preventing the necessity for excessive pausing.

Abstract: In an optical recording medium having two information recording layers, a highly reliable recording can be conducted in one of the recording layers in the back regardless of the recording state of the other recording layer closer to the side of the disc on which light is incident. A first photodetector 115 detects reflected light from a recording layer 103 in the back when the light is focused thereon. A second photodetector 116 is disposed outside the periphery of the first photodetector 115 and detects reflected light from a recording layer 105 located in front. When recording in the recording layer in the back, the write power is controlled in accordance with the output level of the second photodetector.

Abstract: An optical disk drive that can automatically adjust an erase power to an appropriate level to keep the error rate low and not to shorten the life of an erasable optical disk. The optical disk drive obtains a reference erasing modulation factor using a test area of the erasable optical disk when the disk is set. While overwriting data in the erasable optical disk, the optical disk drive obtains an erasing modulation factor based on the read signal detected in an erased region from time to time to adjust the erase power so that the erase power continually adjusted to the appropriate level.

Abstract: A protecting device installed in an optical storage system for protecting a plurality of physical identification data synchronous signals includes a synchronous pattern detecting device, a data synchronous signal insertion device for adding the amount of data synchronous signals to a first predetermined number, a counting/reloading device for sequentially counting the first predetermined number of data synchronous signals and an additional second predetermined number of data synchronous signals, a PID window generator for generating a plurality of protecting windows respectively corresponding to the plurality of physical identification data synchronous signals while the counting/reloading device is counting the second predetermined number of data synchronous signals, and a PID synchronous signal protection device for protecting the plurality of physical identification data synchronous signals according to the plurality of protecting windows.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to detect an LPP sync signal on an optical storage medium include a frame sync bit detection unit detecting frame sync bits from the LPP sync signal on the optical storage medium and a sync detection unit determining whether continuity exists in the detection of the frame sync bits and detecting a 6-bit sector sync or a 3-bit sector sync using a 6-bit long window or a 3-bit long window, respectively, in response to a result of the determination. The apparatus further includes a sync detection result output unit outputting a sector sync detection period when continuity exists in the detection of frame sync bits and in the detection of the 3-bit sector sync or 6-bit sector sync and counting a sync detection signal and a new sync detection period when a sector sync signal is detected by the sync detection unit.

Abstract: An optical disk apparatus includes a motor to rotate an optical disk and an optical head to apply light to the optical disk. The optical head includes a light source to emit the light to be applied to the optical disk, and a collimating lens to receive and collimate the light emitted by the light source. The collimating lens has an optical axis. The optical head also includes a support wall to support the collimating lens at a particular position. The support wall is configured to provide a gap between the collimating lens and the support wall to enable the collimating lens to be adjusted from an initial position to the particular position. The adjustment involves at least a movement in a direction that is perpendicular to the optical axis of the collimating lens. The optical head further includes an objective lens that is configured to receive the light from the collimating lens in order to apply the light to the optical disk.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for overwriting data in a probe-based data storage device in which data bits are represented by the presence and absence of pits at bit positions on a storage surface, the pits being formed in the storage surface by a probe mechanism of the device. Input data is coded to generate a coded bit sequence and an overwrite technique is employed to record the coded bit sequence on the storage surface over an old, previously-recorded bit sequence. Together with the properties of the coded bit sequence, the overwrite technique exploits the physical mechanism of the write process in that, with appropriate spacing of the bit positions on the storage surface, writing a pit at a bit position can erase an existing pit within a defined number of neighboring bit positions.

Abstract: An optical recording medium includes an optical recording layer, a separating layer formed on a reproducing light incident side of the optical recording layer, and a phase-change reproducing layer formed on the reproducing light incident side of the separating layer, absorbance of which phase-change reproducing layer is changed depending on whether a state of the optical recording layer is a recording mark or a space. A transfer portion to which a state of the optical recording layer is transferred is formed in a portion having high absorbance of the phase-change reproducing layer by irradiation with reproducing light, while a portion of the phase-change reproducing layer other than the transfer portion is kept in a state optically differing from the transfer portion.

Abstract: An optical information recording medium includes a recording layer for recording optical information, a plurality of laminated layers, and a substrate for supporting those layers, while a beam of a specific wavelength is being radiated, a light absorption peak is shifted to a longer or a shorter wavelength side than the peak located before said beam radiation, realizing a high S/N ratio and a high recording density of the medium.

Abstract: An optical recording medium is provided, which has reduced degradation in jitter caused by manufacturing variations of a semiconductor laser emitting laser beams or variations in output power of laser beams, and which dissipates heat in the recording layer during recording by laser beams to increase the power margin of the laser beam providing playback jitter values at a certain level or less. An optical recording medium 10 has a support substrate 12, on which formed are a reflective film 16, a second dielectric layer 18, a recording layer 20, a first dielectric layer 22, a heat sink layer 24, and a light-transmitting layer 26. The heat sink layer 24 is formed of a material having a thermal conductivity within a certain range, e.g., alumina, to dissipate heat through the heat sink layer 24 when the heat is generated by a laser beam incident from the light-transmitting layer 26, thereby preventing an increase in temperature of the recording layer 20.

Abstract: A high-definition optical disk and a high-definition optical disk drive, which record data on lands and grooves. Wobbles are formed in grooves and lands of an optical disk, and address information is embedded in the wobbles. The wobbles are formed so as to become in phase with each other in the grooves. An address of the land sandwiched between the grooves is detected from the wobble of the groove. When the wobble of the land is not an in-phase wobble but is of opposite phase, a gray code of the wobble is substituted with a binary address such that 0 is achieved when the gray code is converted into the binary address. As a result, even in the case of the wobble of opposite phase, the address information about the land is made coincident with address information about an inner-radius-side adjacent groove, thereby determining address information about the land.

Abstract: An optical recording medium including a substrate having guide groove thereon; a first protective layer located overlying the substrate; a recording layer located overlying the first protective layer; a second protective layer located overlying the recording layer; a third protective layer of from 2 to 9 nm thick located overlying the second protective layer and comprising Si in an amount not less than 35 atomic percent; and a reflection layer including Ag in an amount not less than 95% by weight. An overcoat layer having a glass transition temperature of from 90° C. to 180° C. is preferably formed overlying the reflection layer. A method for manufacturing the optical recording medium is also provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for processing Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) signals is described, in which OFDM signals are conditioned in an OFDM modulated on the transmitter side for each symbol of a data stream to be transmitted and sent as a multicarrier signal. For each OFDM signal, the maximum amplitude of a block is determined for least one block and then normalized to a system-specific, transmitter-specific maximum value.

Abstract: A network node includes a system enabling high-speed protection switching of traffic between respectively associated working and protection channels of a communications network. The node comprises a multi-stage switch fabric, an interface, and a toggle. The multi-stage switch fabric has a first stage including a respective plurality of stage-1 switch elements. The interface is operatively coupled to a set of one or more stage-1 switch elements, and is adapted to aggregate the working and protection channels of the communications network on a selected one of the set of stage-1 switch elements. Finally, the toggle is adapted to control the selected stage-1 switch element to map traffic between a middle stage of the switch fabric and a selected one of the working and protection channels.

Abstract: A system for providing lifeline telecommunication service includes a telecommunication interface, a data packet service module, an analog signal service module, a power generator, and a switch. The telecommunication interface receives telecommunication information from a telecommunication switch. The data packet service module receives the telecommunication information from the telecommunication interface and generates data packets for communicating the telecommunication information over a local loop circuit in a first mode of operation. The analog signal service module receives the telecommunication information from the telecommunication interface and generates an analog signal for communicating the telecommunication information over the local loop circuit in a second mode of operation. The power generator generates a first voltage.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the measurement of service levels provided by a communication network, including an Internet protocol communication network. In accordance with the present invention, test packets are sent from a first edge router across the communication network to a second edge router. The time required for the test packets to be transmitted across the communication network is then determined, and that time compared to the time specified by the governing service level agreement. A failure of the communication network to deliver test packets as guaranteed may be used as an indication that the service level agreement has been violated. Packet loss and packet jitter may also be measured and compared to levels guaranteed by the service level agreement. The present invention may be used to determine whether the delivery of data packets using requests for expedited service levels is necessary or desirable.

Abstract: A network element for a telecommunications network includes a port for connection to a transmission line of the telecommunications network. A plurality of transmission line interfaces each include a scheduler to transmit traffic in port transmission slots allocated to the transmission line interface. An interface controller is stored in a storage medium of the network element. The interface controller is operable to selectively couple at least two transmission line interfaces to the port and to allocate a disparate portion of port transmission slots to each of the transmission line interfaces coupled to the port.

Abstract: This invention introduces an intelligent buffering sharing scheme that supports multiple service classes and multiple drop priorities per class. The available buffers are shared between different queues but at the same time every queue will be guaranteed a certain minimum buffer allocation. Other schemes presented in the literature to not address this minimum buffer guarantee in the presence of multiple service classes and drop priorities. In addition, the scheme presented in this innovation is based on a static threshold approach that has certain implementation cost tradeoff with another dynamic threshold approach presented in the literature that deals with buffer management in the presence of multiple service classes and drop priorities per class.

Abstract: The network monitoring system includes a monitor device coupling to a network switch through a mirror port interface of the network switch. The network switch supports a number of regular port interfaces connected to different network components and the mirror port connected to the monitor device. The mirror port mirrors all network traffic of any selected regular port interfaces of the network switch. When the monitor device receives a data packet from the network switch, the monitor device extracts the network address information from such as the source and destination address from the data packet. The monitor device then examines internal lookup tables to determine whether there are corresponding physical port interface for the network address information. If the corresponding physical port interfaces for the network address information are not available in the lookup table, the monitor device interrogates the network switch for the corresponding physical port interface.

Abstract: A WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) receiver is provided that has a power normalization unit that receives an input signal having a signal power within a given power range. The power normalization unit outputs a signal that is derived from the input signal by applying one of at least two different power normalization functions to the input signal. The power normalization unit comprises a power determination unit for determining the signal power, and a function selection unit for determining one of at least two subranges of the power range. The determined subrange includes the signal power. The function selection unit is further arranged for selecting one of the power normalization functions dependent on the determined subrange. By subdividing the power range and applying power normalization functions dependent on the respective subrange, simplified circuitry may be used by avoiding the calculation of the reciprocal square root function.

Abstract: A method is provided for operating a media gateway in a telecommunications system. The gateway provides bearer paths for communication traffic between network segments via contexts. Each context includes a collection of terminations that link the gateway to the network segments and a topology that defines the bearer paths between the terminations within the context.

Abstract: A node to which message channels are connected is considered in a communication network. Traffic sources and traffic sinks are connected to the other end of these message channels. The transmission power of the traffic sources is unknown, and the traffic sources are not all always active. A number of message channels may be connected to one node. A protocol which has a window mechanism for controlling the number of messages which a traffic source may send without acknowledgement is used for reliable message transmission. In the event of reception overload, messages may be rejected in such a node. The present invention controls the window size on the basis of the number of received messages, and not at fixed time intervals. No measurements are carried out for inactive message channels, which are thus not associated with any computation capacity. Message channels which always completely fill their windows are controlled more frequency than message channels which do not completely fill their windows.

Abstract: A data translation apparatus is between a base station using an Internet protocol (IP) and a cell controller using an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) data in a mobile communication system.

Abstract: A granted TxOP holder transmits the first frame of a QSTA-to-QSTA communication at a power level sufficient to ensure correct reception by the destination and at least detection by the HC, and then, with exceptions, transmits subsequent frames at a power level merely sufficient to ensure correct reception by the destination, regardless of reception or detection by the HC. Subsequent frames that must be received by the HC, such as those changing the TC queue size or requesting extension of the current TxOP, are transmitted at a power sufficient to ensure reception by the HC as well as the destination, as are the last frame(s). The HC is constrained from reclaiming the channel unconditionally merely because of failure to detect activity, and recovery is limited to the TxOP holder.

Abstract: A bus station or a communication system is described, where the bus stations receive communications containing transmission information from which the position of the transmitting bus station in a sequence of bus stations can. A time slot for the bus station in which the bus station repeats the received communication is calculated from the transmission information and position information stored in the bus station indicating the position of the bus station in the sequence. These bus stations are especially suitable for data exchange by radio.

Abstract: In a high data rate communication system capable of variable rate transmission, an open loop rate control can be adjusted with a closed loop rate control to maximize throughput. An access point generates interleaved multi-slot packets that allow an access terminal to transmit indicator messages to the access point in accordance with recently received data carried within slots of the multi-slot packets.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of scheduling a shared channel of a wireless packet communication system, and more particularly, to a shared scheduler of a wireless packet communication. The present invention includes determining priorities of provided services for target terminals of cellular phones and ratios of carrier signal to interference from multiple target terminals; and Based on the determined priorities, transmitting packet data to each the target terminal of cellular phones.

Abstract: A subscriber cluster unit for a wireless telecommunication system provides a wireless interface with a base station for a plurality of subscriber units. The cluster unit has a plurality of frequency agile modems for processing wireless communications with the base station and a plurality of subscriber line circuits, each for providing a telecommunication connection with a subscriber unit. A control processor assigns a modem for each communication between the base station and a selected subscriber unit which is coupled to one of the line circuits and associates that line circuit with the assigned modem for that communication. Thus, a subscriber unit coupled with any of the line circuits can communicate with the base station via any of the modems.

Abstract: The structure of a time-multiplexed physical channel is used to time inter-frequency or inter-system search excursions. A mobile station that receives an instruction to perform a search excursion prepares for the search excursion by detecting the first radio frame of a message frame. Transport format combination indicator bits are extracted from the first radio frame and stored. After the search excursion is performed, the mobile station recalls the stored indicator bits and uses the indicator bits to decode other radio frames of the message frame.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are presented for improving the feedback of channel information to a serving base station, which allows a reduction in the reverse link load while allowing the base station to improve the forward link data throughput. Over a channel quality indicator channel, a carrier-to-interference (C/I) symbol is transmitted over multiple slots at a reduced rate, which increases the likelihood that the base station can decode said symbol. The reduced rate mode can be selectively triggered by a high velocity condition or other unfavorable channel condition. The C/I symbol is used to determine transmission formats, power levels, and data rates of forward link transmissions.

Abstract: A method of increasing utilization of user link bandwidth for a code division multiple access communications system is disclosed that includes the steps of selecting a set of orthogonal complex codes each having a code length that is greater than a code length of an optimum real code and less than or equal to a spreading code length; and transferring symbols across at least one of a plurality of user links to or from at least one of a corresponding plurality of user terminals wherein the symbols are represented by a corresponding one of the set of orthogonal complex codes.

Abstract: In a communication system (100), a method and apparatus provides for determining reverse link load level for reverse link data rate scheduling. The method and apparatus include determining a number of locked fingers (208) on a reverse link signal in a receiver portion (200) of a base station, summing energy per bit or carrier energy over noise plus interference ratio of the reverse link signal at the locked fingers, and determining a reverse link capacity based on the summed energy per bit over noise plus interference ratio. A maximum reverse link data rate supported for a mobile station is determined for the reverse link communication with the base station. After communicating the maximum reverse link data rate to the mobile station, a reverse link data rate from mobile station to the base station is adjusted based on the maximum reverse link data rate.

Abstract: For radio transmission on the downlink the transmit power must be calculated also for that signals which shall be sent on the common physical channel, known as secondary common control physical channel (SCCPCH), in the Frequency Division Duplex mode of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System. In the case where no data is transmitted in a SCCPCH frame, the transmit power level is not defined for SCCPCH data bits. Therefore the well-known adaptation of the TFCI and Pilot powers cannot be applied. The solution proposed here is to set or change the transmit indicator power of the TFCI indicator bits in dependence from a virtual reference power which is calculated from parameters comprising first power values preferably defined by the radio network controller (CRNC) or comprising second power values representing an average of that transmit powers which have been used to transmit that data within at least two of the preceding frames.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for enabling anonymous communications from a first Bluetooth device to a second Bluetooth device is disclosed wherein a temporary identification number associated with the first Bluetooth device is obtained and used in transmissions from the first Bluetooth device to the second Bluetooth device. A temporary identification number provides no clear indication of the particular Bluetooth communications device transmitting messages.

Abstract: A mobile telecommunications local area network (20) is described with a concentrator (32) connected to a plurality of radio heads (36, 38) via a local area network (LAN, 20). The concentrator (32) provides remote control of a local timing signal individually in each radio head. The control may be open loop or closed loop and may be provided through the LAN. The concentrator may also provide digital signal processing (DSP) as a shared resource for the radio heads (36, 38). The DSP may include channel coding. The radio heads (36, 38) may provide modulation for channel coded signals transmitted form the concentrator (32) via the LAN (20). The LAN may be wired LAN or a wireless LAN.

Abstract: A cyclic prioritized multiple access (CPMA) method is disclosed which includes Fixed Deterministic Post-Backoff. Fixed deterministic post-backoff reduces conflicts between access points of overlapping cells. Contention-free sessions (CFSs) can be generated, one from each overlapping cell. Each active access point engages in a fixed deterministic post-backoff. A fixed deterministic backoff delay (Bkoff times a fixed number of idle time slots) is used by all access points, with the value of Bkoff being greater than the number of overlapping cells. The Bkoff should be large enough to enable the traffic that needs to be accommodated by the channel. Each access point has a backoff timer that is counted down using the shortest interframe space possible, typically the Priority Interframe Space (PIFS). A contention-free session (CFS) is initiated when the backoff timer expires, and it is then reset to the value of Bkoff to start a new cycle.

Abstract: An access point transmits a preemptive peg packet when it has no data to transmit in order to maintain the contiguity of its transmission timing position with respect to the timing position of other contention-free sessions (CFS) transmitted by other access points in an existing, periodic sequence. The cyclic prioritized multiple access (CPMA) method establishes the transmission timing position of contention-free sessions (CFS) between overlapping first and second wireless LAN cells contending for the same medium. Each cell includes a respective plurality of member stations. If an access point has no traffic, it will transmit a short, preemptive pegging packet and reset its backoff timer. In this manner, no gaps longer than the distributed coordination function (DCF) Interframe Space (DIFS) are left idle. This prevents other stations from using DCF contention to seize the channel, until all access points have completed one contention-free session (CFS) per periodic cycle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a switching device comprising a plurality of inputs and outputs which are interconnected by an interconnection point matrix for transmitting electric signals supplied from the inputs to the outputs via transmission lines in accordance with a predefined switching plan. Each transmission line comprises a signal path for conveying the electric signals and a voltage reference path. The interconnection points are arranged in the matrix in such a way that two distinct transmission lines comprise one common voltage reference path. Application: packet switching in optical transmissions.

Abstract: A ToL/PBX system is provided whereby a single policy may be enforced for both TFA (telephony feature access) and ToL (telephony over LAN) users by making the H.323 gatekeeper (103) aware of those TFA connectors so as to accurately allocate the remaining available bandwidth. According to one embodiment of the invention, the H.323 gatekeeper (103) is notified whenever a TFA call is being made or received.

Abstract: A codec aware adaptive playout method estimates playout delays for a current packet based on a loss mean opinion score (LMOS), a delay mean opinion score (DMOS), and a mean mean opinion score (MMOS) of packets with reference to the codec used in voice over Internet protocol (VoIP), streaming audio, and streaming video transmissions. The method selects an estimated playout delay having an optimum MMOS, or playout quality, from the plurality of estimated playout delays, and delays the playout of the current packet by the selected estimated playout delay. A codec aware adaptive playout device includes a playout controller for controlling playout of packets in a playout buffer. The playout controller references network delay estimates provided by a network delay estimator, and codec information such as the LMOS, DMOS, and MMOS provided by a codec detector to determine playout delays for the packets of the playout buffer.

Abstract: A system for identifying calls traversing a packet network. The system includes an analysis device that receives first signaling information from a packet network and second signaling information from a circuit network. The analysis device correlates the first signaling information with the second signaling information to generate correlated records about calls that traverse both the packet switched network and the circuit network. A database system receives the correlated records and calculates statistics describing traffic that traversed both the packet network and the circuit network.