Abstract: The present invention provides a heat exchanger which is assembled by brazing an aluminum fin material to the outer surface of an aluminum tube material formed by bending a sheet material, in particular, an aluminum heat exchanger which can be suitably used as an automotive heat exchanger such as a condenser or evaporator. The tube material is formed of a two-layer clad sheet which includes a core material and an Al—Zn alloy layer clad on the core material. The Al—Zn alloy layer is clad on the outer surface of the tube material and brazed to the aluminum fin material. The potential of the Al—Zn alloy layer in a normal corrosive solution is at least 100 mV lower than the potential of the core material in the normal corrosive solution. The potential of the Al—Zn alloy layer in the normal corrosive solution is lower than the potential of the core material in high-concentration corrosive water. The normal corrosive solution refers to an aqueous solution containing 10 g/l of NaCl and 0.

Abstract: A coating system and coating method for damping vibration in an airfoil of a rotating component of a turbomachine. The coating system includes a metallic coating on a surface of the airfoil, and a ceramic coating overlying the metallic coating. The metallic coating contains metallic particles dispersed in a matrix having a metallic and/or intermetallic composition. The metallic particles are more ductile than the matrix, and have a composition containing silver and optionally tin. The method involves ion plasma cleaning the surface of the airfoil before depositing the metallic coating and then the ceramic coating.

Abstract: An intermetallic composition suitable for use as an environmentally-protective coating on surfaces of components used in hostile thermal environments, including the turbine, combustor and augmentor sections of a gas turbine engine. The coating contains the gamma-prime (Ni3Al) nickel aluminide intermetallic phase and either the beta (NiAl) nickel aluminide intermetallic phase or the gamma solid solution phase. The coating has an average aluminum content of 14 to 30 atomic percent and an average platinum-group metal content of at least 1 to less than 10 atomic percent, the balance of the coating being nickel, incidental impurities, and optionally hafnium.

Abstract: An organic polymeric phosphorescent compound and an organic light-emitting device employing the organic polymeric phosphorescent compound. The phosphorescent compound is a neutral organic polymeric phosphorescent compound emitting phosphorescence and used in an organic light-emitting device, and includes a phosphorescent unit and a carrier transporting unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to highly reliable organic EL elements that can provide higher luminance with lower voltage and exhibit lower leak current at negative biases and appropriate diode properties. The organic EL element comprises a positive hole injecting layer, and a perfluoropolyether compound is incorporated into the positive hole injecting layer. Preferably, the perfluoropolyether compound is expressed by formula (1) or (2), R1—Rf—R2 ??formula (1) Rf—R3 ??formula (2) in which, R1, R2, and R3 represents one of a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, and a substituted group; Rf represents the perfluoropolyether skeleton expressed by the formula (3), in which, R4 and R5 represent general formula —CpF2p+1; n, m, x, and y are each an integer.

Abstract: A bismuth yttrium titanate (BYT) film having the composition of formula (I) has enhanced residual polarization and electric fatigue properties with excellent ferroelectric property, and therefore, it can be advantageously used in an electric or electronic device including a FRAM device: Bi4-xYxTi3O12??(I) wherein x is an integer of 0.1 to 2.

Abstract: A procedure for starting up a fuel cell system that is disconnected from its primary load and that has air in both its cathode and anode flow fields includes a) connecting an auxiliary resistive load across the cell to reduce the cell voltage; b) initiating a recirculation of the anode flow field exhaust through a recycle loop and providing a limited flow of hydrogen fuel into that recirculating exhaust; c) catalytically reacting the added fuel with oxygen present in the recirculating gases until substantially no oxygen remains within the recycle loop; disconnecting the auxiliary load; and then d) providing normal operating flow rates of fuel and air into respective anode and cathode flow fields and connecting the primary load across the cell. The catalytic reaction may take place on the anode or within a catalytic burner disposed within the recycle loop.

Abstract: Silica may form as a degradation product in an electrochemical fuel cell system and may be found within the water management subsystem thereof. The silica may polymerize and/or react to form insoluble metal silicates which may lead to reduced lifetime or performance of individual components within the fuel cell system. These problems can be eliminated or reduced by adding a silica absorber such as aluminum, either as alumina granulate or an aluminum plate to the water management subsystem, for example in, upstream and/or downstream of the water filter. In addition, the silica absorber may be in, upstream and/or downstream of the water tank.

Abstract: Auxiliary fuel cell system that provides backup power to a primary power source, and energy-consuming systems that are otherwise associated with at least one primary power source and at least one auxiliary fuel cell system. The auxiliary fuel cell system includes at least one fuel cell stack that is adapted to produce an electric current from a fuel and an oxidant, such as from hydrogen and oxygen gases. The auxiliary fuel cell system further includes a source of fuel, such as a source of hydrogen gas, and this source may include a fuel processor that is adapted to produce the hydrogen gas or other fuel. The energy-consuming system is adapted to selectively draw an electric current from a primary power source or an auxiliary fuel cell system. A source selection system selectively establishes electrical communications between an energy-consuming system and the primary power source or the auxiliary fuel cell system.

Abstract: Processes, techniques, and compositions used to fabricate high performance solid acid fuel cell membrane electrode assemblies are disclosed. The techniques include preparing the solid acid electrolyte material, depositing the electrolyte membrane, depositing the electrocatalyst layer, preparing the electrodes, fabricating the gas seals, and constructing the membrane electrode assembly.

Abstract: A lithium-sulfur battery having a positive electrode including a positive active material including an active sulfur, where the positive electrode comprises an electron-conductive path and an ion-conductive path, and includes active pores of the average size of up to 20 ?m having both electron-conductive and ion-conductive properties, and are filled with the active sulfur during an electrochemical reaction of the battery.

Abstract: A microcomposite structure for use as a component of a lithium battery is formed from a liquid phase mixture by the removal of a solvent. The microcomposite structure includes a continuous reticulated solid polymer phase, a formed in situ gel-electrolyte phase, and a solid phase surfactant at the interface between the gel and polymer phases for stabilizing the gel phase within the pores of the solid polymer phase. The liquid phase mixture comprises a polymer blend, an aprotic solvent system for the polymer blend, a substantially dissolved anionic surfactant, and a phase separation liquid that is miscible with the aprotic solvent system, but in which the polymer blend is substantially insoluble. The microcomposite structure is formed by casting the liquid phase mixture on a surface and removing solvent until the microcomposite structure forms.

Abstract: A focus monitor method comprising preparing a mask comprising a first and second focus monitor patterns and an exposure monitor pattern, the focus monitor patterns being used to form first and second focus monitor marks on a wafer, and the exposure monitor pattern being used to form exposure meters on the wafer, obtaining a exposure dependency of a relationship between a dimensions of the focus monitor marks and the defocus amount, forming the focus monitor marks and exposure monitor mark on the wafer, measuring a dimension of the exposure monitor mark to obtain an effective exposure, selecting a relationship between the dimensions of the focus monitor marks and the defocus amount corresponding to the effective exposure, measuring a dimensions of the first and second focus monitor marks, and obtaining a defocus amount in accordance with the measured dimensions of the focus monitor marks and the selected relationship.

Abstract: A color filter of liquid crystal display (LCD) panel is described. A surface property of a black matrix is changed by coating with an ink-repellent layer formed of cheap materials, to provide better separation between portions of a colored layer, thus reducing the cost of the ink-repellent layer and avoid overflowing while color ink drops are attaching onto a transparent substrate. In addition, a method of fabricating a color filter of LCD panel is described. The ink-repellent layer is transferred onto the black matrix, and then the colored layer is formed thereon. The ink-repellent layer effectively separates the colored layer. This method of the invention greatly diminishes the usage of the ink-repellent layer, steps of exposure and development, and the cost and time of fabricating the color filter.

Abstract: A method and apparatus of correcting thermally-induced field deformations of a lithographically exposed substrate, is presented herein. In one embodiment, the method includes exposing a pattern onto a plurality of fields of a substrate in accordance with pre-specified exposure information and measuring attributes of the fields to assess deformation of the fields induced by thermal effects of the exposing process. The method further includes determining corrective information based on the measured attributes, and adjusting the pre-specified exposure information, based on the corrective information, to compensate for the thermally-induced field deformations. Other embodiments include the use of predictive models to predict thermally-induced effects on the fields and thermographic imaging to determine temperature variations across a substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed are toner compositions comprised of a polymer, an optional colorant, and an UV light curable oligomer. Also disclosed are methods for producing a UV curable toner compositions, the toner compositions produced thereby, and methods of utilizing the UV curable toner compositions in various painting applications.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a yellow toner for flash fixation, comprising an infrared absorbent, one or more yellow colorants, and a binder resin, wherein a* of the infrared absorbent in an CIELAB color space is less than 0, and a* of one or more of the yellow colorants in the CIELAB color space is more than 0, or vice versa; and a developer and an image forming method using the yellow toner.

Abstract: The toner according to the present invention may be produced from a toner raw composition which comprises a foaming agent, a binder resin and a colorant, wherein the colorant comprises a black metal compound, the foaming agent has a volume-average particle diameter of 2 ?m to 50 ?m, the toner raw composition turns into a porous mixture while the foaming agent expands at melting and kneading the toner raw composition, and the toner obtained through milling and classifying the porous mixture has a specific density of 1.0 g/cm3 to 1.3 g/cm3, wherein the specific density is determined as follows: 1 gram of toner is pressed at 400 kgf/cm2 for five minutes in a discal cavity having a diameter of 20 mm, then the discal toner is removed; the discal toner volume (V) is calculated from the diameter and height, measured at 10 minutes after releasing the pressure on the discal toner, and the discal toner mass (W) is measured; then the specific density is determined from the following formula: Specific Density (?T)=W/V.

Abstract: The present invention provides a toner that exhibits excellent low-temperature fixing properties, offset resistance, and has excellent storage stability in a developing machine. The toner has, in a DSC curve obtained by measuring the toner with differential scanning calorimeter, a glass transition temperature (Tg1) measured in a first scan of 50.0 to 70.0° C. and a temperature difference (Tg1?Tg2) between the glass transition temperature (Tg1) measured in the first scan and a glass transition temperature (Tg2) measured in a second scan ranging from 3.0 to 20.0° C.

Abstract: A toner comprising a resin binder and a colorant comprising a composite oxide of two or more metals, wherein the composite oxide has a BET specific surface area of 0.5 to 7 m2/g and a saturation magnetization of from 1 to 40 Am2/kg; and a two-component developer comprising the above toner and a carrier having a saturation magnetization of from 40 to 100 Am2/kg. The toner can be used for the development of a latent image formed in electrophotography, electrostatic recording method, electrostatic printing method or the like.

Abstract: A nonmagentic one-component toner for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus includes a toner with toner particles, a binder resin having a coloring agent, a charging control agent, and a release agent, and an external additive added to the toner particles. The external additive includes approximately 0.1 to 3.0 wt % of silica having a charge opposite to the toner particles, approximately 0.1 to 3.0 wt % of silica having a same charge as the toner particles, and approximately 0.1 to 4.0 wt % of titanium dioxide.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus contains a photoconductor having a support and a photoconductive layer disposed thereon. I(S) at the surface of the photoconductor and I(S) at the interface of the photoconductive layer on the support side are 5.0×10?3 or less and the sum of I(S)s is 3.0×10?3 or more. I(S)s are determined according to following Equations 2 and 3 after subjecting a group of data of N samples of height x(t) [?m] of a profile curve at the surface or of one at the interface to discrete Fourier transform according to following Equation 1, the N samples being taken at intervals of ?t [?m] in a reference line direction. X ? ( n N · ? ? ? t ) = ? m = 0 N - 1 ? ? x ? ( m · ? ? ? t ) ? exp ? ( - ?2? · n N · ? ? ? t · m · ? ? ? t ) Equation ? ? 1 wherein n and m are each an integer; N is 2?, where ? is an integer.

Abstract: The present invention provides an imageable member having an imageable layer including a heat-sensitive ionomer characterized by a net positive or negative charge, and a photothermal conversion material. The photothermal conversion material includes carbonaceous particles having thereon both an organic moiety including an ionic substituent having like charge as the ionomer, and a group represented by the formula —X-[NIon]p-Rterminal; wherein X represents an aromatic group or an alkyl group, NIon represents a non-ionic, non-ionizable group, Rterminal represents hydrogen, an aromatic group, an alkoxy group, or an alkyl group, and p is an integer from 1 to about 500. The heat-sensitive ionomer and modified carbonaceous particles can be formulated in water or water-miscible solvents without agglomeration.

Abstract: A positive resist composition which can be suitably used in an ultramicrolithography process such as production of VLSI or high-capacity microchip and in other photofabrication processes and can ensure good sensitivity, resolution, pattern profile and line edge roughness when irradiated with actinic rays or radiation, particularly, electron beam, X-ray or EUV; and a pattern formation method using the composition, are provided, the positive resist composition comprising (A) a resin comprising a specific acryl-based repeating unit and a specific styrene-based repeating unit, which increases the dissolution rate in an alkali developer by the action of an acid, (B) a compound capable of generating an acid upon irradiation with actinic rays or radiation, and (C) a solvent; and a pattern formation method using the composition.

Abstract: A method for fabricating an integrated circuit using a photo-lithographic process includes the steps of placing at least two anti-reflective coating layers between a reflective surface and another material. The indices of refraction, absorptions, and thicknesses of the at least two anti-reflective coating layers are chosen such that the amplitudes and phase differences of radiation reflected from the anti-reflective coating layers, as well as any other reflective surfaces below the anti-reflective coating layers, mutually cancel when combined. The invention may be practiced using more than two layers of anti-reflective coating. Multiple layers of anti-reflective coating may be used below an inter-level dielectric, in which case they may serve the additional purpose of functioning as an etch-stop.

Abstract: A photomask has a semi-light-shielding portion having a light-shielding property and a light-transmitting portion surrounded by the semi-light-shielding portion, and a peripheral portion positioned in the periphery of the light-transmitting portion. The semi-light-shielding portion and the light-transmitting portion transmit exposure light in the same phase, whereas the peripheral portion transmits exposure light in a phase opposite to that of the light-transmitting portion.

Abstract: A black and white photothermographic material including, on at least one side of a support, an image forming layer including at least a photosensitive silver halide, a silver salt of a fatty acid, a reducing agent for silver ions, and a binder, wherein the black and white photothermographic material includes a compound represented by the following formula (I) as the reducing agent and a compound represented by the following formula (BC-1) as a coupler: A black and white photothermographic material which exhibits low fog, high image density, excellent image tone, and excellent raw stock storability is provided.

Abstract: The application discloses novel polypeptides and nucleic acids involved in a variety of biological processes, including viral reproduction. Related methods and compositions are also described.

Abstract: The present invention features methods and compositions relating to a virion-based fusion assay for detection of infection of a target cell by an enveloped retroviral virion such as HIV. The assay uses virions containing a chimeric viral protein comprising a viral accessory polypeptide (such as Vpr) fused to a reporter polypeptide (such as beta-lactamase). Fusion of the virion with a target cell membrane results in intracellular delivery of the chimeric protein to the target cell, which in turn provides for detection of a detectable signal mediated by the reporter polypeptide portion of the chimeric polypeptide. Significant detectable signal is only detected following intracellular delivery of the chimeric viral protein, thus providing for detection of productive viral entry to the exclusion of non-productive, endocytic entry of virions into the cell.

Abstract: An improved method of amplifying nucleic acids comprising the use of four discrete temperature steps in a thermocyclic amplification reaction, as well as, a method of detecting large nucleic acid insertions or deletions such as those that occur from gene duplication or deletion.

Abstract: The invention relates to polyfunctional polymer monolayers (polymer brushes) comprising a multitude of polymer chains attached to a surface, with each polymer chain comprising a multitude of units carrying at least on functional group which allows the interaction of the polymer chain with a sample molecule.

Abstract: A method of detecting reciprocal gene translocations by employing multiple probe sets which span the breakpoint regions and encompass regions on both sides of each breakpoint of the translocation on each chromosome involved in the translocation. Probe sets and diagnostic kits for the method are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a probe for selecting ES cells, which characteristically contains one of DNAs having base sequences depicted in SEQ ID Nos; 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8, or DNAs having base sequences depicted in SEQ ID Nos; 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23 and 41 and a screening method of ES cell using this probe. Preparation of a probe for selecting ES cells becomes feasible by identifying plural gene with ES cell-specific expressions (ECAT genes) and using the information of the base sequences of these gene groups. Efficient selection of ES cell enables supply of a large amount of ES cell expected to be applicable to regenerative medicine.

Abstract: A human gene encoding a novel cyclin-dependent kinase termed hPNQALRE and its expression products can be used to provide reagents and methods for detecting neoplasia. Compositions and methods for treating proliferative disorders and neoplasia are also provided.

Abstract: A labeled polynucleotide is subjected to hybridization with oligonucleotide probes fixed respectively to regions on a supporting material. With a first restriction enzyme, a single-stranded moiety of the labeled polynucleotide having failed to form a double strand with each probe is separated from a double strand having been formed by the labeled polynucleotide and each probe. First detection data is obtained from each region. A mismatching moiety, at which the labeled polynucleotide and a certain probe have undergone a mismatch binding, is separated with a second restriction enzyme, and second detection data is obtained from each region. The region to which the mismatch polynucleotide was bound is specified in accordance with results of a comparison between the first detection data and the second detection data.

Abstract: Haplotypes in the CDK5 gene associated with cognitive response to galantamine treatment are disclosed. Compositions and methods for detecting and using these CDK5 haplotypes in a variety of clinical applications are disclosed. Such applications include articles of manufacture comprising galantamine or derivatives thereof that are approved for treating patients having one of these CDK5 haplotypes, methods and kits for predicting the response of an individual to galantamine based upon his/her haplotype profile, and methods for treating Alzheimer's patients based upon their haplotype profile.

Abstract: The present invention features “molecular torches” and the use of molecular torches for detecting the presence of a target nucleic acid sequence. Molecular torches contain a target binding domain, a target closing domain, and a joining region. The target binding domain is biased towards the target sequence such that the target binding domain forms a more stable hybrid with the target sequence than with the target closing domain under the same hybridization conditions. The joining region facilitates the formation or maintenance of a closed torch.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for performing sequential bioassays with microfluidic transfers.

Abstract: Disclosed are EspFU (EspF-like polypeptide encoded by a gene of the cryptic prophage CP-933U of enterohemorrhagic E. coli) polypeptides, fragments thereof, nucleic acids that encode EspFU polypeptides, or fragments thereof, and cells including the polypeptides, fragments, and/or nucleic acids. Also disclosed are model systems, kits, and methods for screening that use, for example, EspFU polypeptides and nucleic acids. Also included are pharmaceutical and diagnostic compositions and methods of diagnosis and treatment of EHEC infections.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for the diagnosis and treatment of hematological disorders. Specifically, the present invention identifies the differential expression of 131, 148, 199, 12303, 13906, 15513, 17822, 302, 5677, 194, 14393, 28059, 7366, 12212, 1981, 261, 12416, 270, 1410, 137, 1871, 13051, 1847, 1849, 15402, 340, 10217, 837, 1761, 8990 and 13249 genes in tissues relating to hematological disorders sensation, relative to their expression in normal, or non-hematological disorders disease states, and/or in response to manipulations relevant to hematological disorders. The present invention describes methods for the diagnostic evaluation and prognosis of various hematological disorders, and for the identification of subjects exhibiting a predisposition to such conditions. The invention also provides methods for identifying a compound capable of modulating hematological disorders.

Abstract: The present invention makes available a rapid, effective assay for screening and identifying pharmaceutically effective compounds that specifically interact with and modulate the activity of a cellular receptor or ion channel. The subject assay enables rapid screening of large numbers of polypeptides in a library to identifying those polypeptides which induce or antagonize receptor bioactivity. The subject assay is particularly amenable for identifying surrogate ligands for orphan receptors.

Abstract: The present invention encompasses methods and compositions useful in diagnosing and treating hepatic disorders, especially those characterized by inflammation. The method comprises administration of an agent which prevents the interaction of MAdCAM with a MAdCAM binding partner or ligand. These compositions are useful in treating diseases or disorders involving ?4?7/MAdCAM blockade, as well as inhibiting a primary event in the inflammatory response such as blocking interactions between intercellular adhesion molecules and their ligands. Disorders treatable using the methods disclosed herein include infections, especially viral infections, iatrogenic disorders, cholestatic disorders, hereditary disorders, sarcoidosis, organ transplant, and the like. The diagnostic methods of the invention can be employed to detect the presence of a disorder or to monitor the course of therapy used to treat the disorder.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of screening a substance for angiotensinogen receptor-modulatory activity. The method includes the steps of contacting placental-derived cells with labeled angiotensinogen and a candidate substance; and then determining whether the candidate substance inhibits the binding of angiotensinogen to the placental-derived cells relative to a control wherein the placental-derived cells are contacted with angiotensinogen in the absence of the candidate substance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of analyzing mass of the phosphoproteins or phosphopeptides and of analyzing phosphorylated positions at a phosphoprotein or phosphopeptide, comprising the steps of: 1) dephosphorylating at least one Ser and/or Thr residue of the phosphoprotein or phosphopeptide; 2) tagging the dephosphorylated amino acid residues with a tag having a R-L-G moiety wherein R is a nucleophilic functional group that selectively bind with dephosphorylated amino acid residues, G is selected from the group consisting of guanidine moiety or protected guanidine moiety such as a mono-N-protected guanidino group, a di-N,N?-protected guanidino group and an N?-protected guanidino group, and L is a linker linking the R and the G; and 3) subjecting the tagged proteins or peptides to mass spectrometry. The method is capable of precisely analyzing mass of phosphoproteins of trace amounts as well as positions of phosphoryated amino acids.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel cross-reactive sensor system utilizing cross-reactive recognition elements. In the inventive system, each of said one or more cross-reactive recognition elements is capable of interacting with more than one species of liquid analyte of interest, whereby each of said one or more cross-reactive recognition elements reacts in a different manner with each of said one or more species of liquid analytes of interest to produce a detectable agent of each analyte of interest, whereby said detectable agent is analyzed and the information is processed for data acquisition and interpretation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a functional assay for I?B kinase (IKK), the proteasome and ubiquitin ligase. Cells expressing an I?B-beta-lactamase fusion protein are used to screen for inhibitors of IKK, the proteasome and ubiquitin ligase. Inhibitors identified through the inventive assay are useful in the treatment of NF-?B disorders, such as immune and inflammatory disorders. The present invention also includes cell lines useful in assays of the invention, compounds identified by assays of the invention, compositions including such compounds and methods for the treatment of disease states.

Abstract: Compositions for accurately assaying a glycated protein by: 1) avoiding effects of globulin and ascorbic acid components, 2) siabilizing proteases and at least enzymes acting on glycated amino acids; 3) accurately assaying albumin; and 4) assaying glycated albumin while avoiding the effects of glycated hemoglobin, and an assay method are provided. Thus, the contents of a glycated protein and glycated albumin can be more accurately determined.

Abstract: The present invention concerns the methods and compositions for preparing a tissue section or biological sample, particularly to preserve RNA in the section or sample, by not exposing or contacting the sample or section to a solution that is composed of mostly water. Tissue sections can be fixed, stained, and dehydrated for subsequent manipulation, including laser capture microdissection (LCM) for further analysis using methods and/or compositions of the invention.

Abstract: This invention relates generally to methods of producing peptide-based anti-angiogenesis compounds using plasmin reductases, and specifically to methods of producing an A61 anti-angiogenic plasmin fragment using an annexin II heterotetramer or subunit thereof. This invention also relates to anti-angiogenesis methods and compositions comprising a plasmin reductase or polynucleotides encoding subunits thereof. Compositions useful for the inhibition or promotion of angiogenesis are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention aims at providing a useful and novel G protein-coupled receptor protein and DNA thereof. The G protein-coupled receptor protein of the present invention and the like, and the polynucleotides encoding the receptor protein and the like, are useful for; 1) determination of ligands (agonists); 2) preparation of antibodies and antisera; 3) construction of recombinant receptor protein expression systems; 4) development of the receptor binding assay systems using the expression systems and screening of pharmaceutical candidate compounds; 5) effecting drug design based on comparison with structurally similar ligand receptors; 6) reagents for preparation of probes and PCR primers for gene diagnosis; 7) production of transgenic animals; and 8) pharmaceutical drugs for the gene prophylaxis and gene therapy.