Abstract: A projection screen and method of manufacturing provides clear images regardless of the brightness of the environment within which the projection screen is used. The projection screen includes an optical thin film comprised of a multilayer dielectric having alternating high reflectance layers for light in a particular wavelength and high transmittance for visible light except in particular wavelength ranges. The thickness of each of the dielectric multilayer is determined so that the optical thin film forms a band-pass filter.

Abstract: An optical stack includes an intrinsic polarizer, such as a K-type or thin KE polarizer sheet. Optically functional coatings are disposed on one or both of the surfaces of the intrinsic polarizer. The optically functional coatings include a hardcoat, a transflector coating, a reflector coating, an antireflection film, a liquid crystal polymer retarder coating, a diffusion coating, an antiglare film, a wide view film, and an electrode. An optical stack including an intrinsic polarizer and an optically functional coating may have a thickness of less than 25 microns.

Abstract: An optical component according to the present invention comprises a substrate, and at least one optical element obtained by processing at least one thick optical film provided on the substrate. The optical component has a plurality of surfaces substantially not parallel to a surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A diffuse reflector comprises a substrate (20) having an asymmetric, reflective, periodic surface relief microstructure formed such that, under illumination by a multiplicity of wavelengths in a plane of incidence or illumination lying along the axis of asymmetry, substantially all the said wavelengths are preferentially scattered or guided into a single, common viewing zone offset from the direction of specular reflection hereinebefore defined.

Abstract: A system constructs a composite image using focus assessment information of image regions.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a brightness enhancement film comprises: a diffusing film comprising a front surface and a back surface, a coating on the front surface, and light redirecting structures disposed in the coating. The brightness enhancement film is capable of collimating light, and wherein, without the coating, the diffusing film would be capable of spread light passing through the back surface. In another embodiment, the brightness enhancement film comprises: a diffusing film comprising a front surface and a back surface, a coating on the front surface, and light redirecting structures disposed in the coating. The diffusing film has a stress retardation gradient of less than or equal to 50 nm/in, wherein an interval for calculation of the stress retardation gradient is less than 1 inch. The brightness enhancement film is capable of collimating light.

Abstract: A zoom lens system includes a negative first lens group, a diaphragm, and a positive second lens group, in this order from the object. Zooming is performed by moving the negative first lens group and the positive second lens group along an optical axis of the zoom lens system. The negative first lens group includes a negative first lens element, a negative second lens element, and a positive third lens element, in this order from the object.

Abstract: Providing a zoom lens system having a high zoom ratio, a small diameter of the first lens group, capable of being effectively retracted upon retracting the lens barrel. The system includes, in order from an object, a first lens group having positive refractive power, a second lens group having negative refractive power, a third lens group having positive refractive power, a fourth lens group having positive refractive power, and a fifth lens group having positive refractive power. When zooming from a wide-angle end state to a telephoto end state, the first, second, third, and fourth lens groups move along an optical axis and the second lens group moves along a zoom trajectory being concave to the object. The fourth lens group is composed of a front lens group having positive power and a rear lens group having negative power with a space in between. Given conditional expressions are satisfied.

Abstract: A photochromic/vitroceramic window assembly that restores some of the natural illumination and warm blue-green colors normally excluded from the interior of an enclosed space after blocking at least a portion of infrared and/or UV light, comprising: a) A transparent window pane; b) a first self-adhesive material adhered to the exterior of the window pane, of a transparent plastic film containing a UV-activated photochromic dye; and c) a second self-adhesive material adhered to the interior of the window pane, of a transparent plastic film containing i) a rare earth doped vitroceramic that up-converts any infrared not blocked by the first self-adhesive film to a warm visible blue or green color, and ii) a diarylethene that converts any UV not blocked by the first self-adhesive film to a visible yellow-white color.

Abstract: An imaging lens (100) comprising, arranged sequentially from the object side, a positive-meniscus first lens (1) with its convex plane facing the object side, a negative-power-meniscus second lens (2), and a positive-power third lens (3), the second and third lenses (2, 3) functioning as correction lenses. The first lens (1) has a strong power, and both the second and third lenses (2, 3) are aspherical on opposite planes. When the synthetic focal distance of the imaging lens is f, the focal distance of the first lens f1, the distance from the incident surface on the object side to the imaging surface of the first lens (1) ?d, and the Abbe number of the second lens ?d2, the following conditional expressions are satisfied. 0.50<f1/f<1.5 (1) 0.50<?d/f<1.5 (2) 50>?d2 (3). Accordingly, a small, low-cost imaging lens capable of high-quality imaging can be realized.

Abstract: A refractive Fresnel lens part is provided on an upper surface of a plate-like lens at a central portion. A reflective Fresnel lens part is provided on a lower surface of the plate-like lens at a peripheral portion.

Abstract: An optical resonance analysis system comprising a sensor means (60) and an illumination means (400) for generating non-monochromatic illumination. The illumination means (400) further comprises a means for generating illumination at a plurality of angles, a lens system for projecting said illumination at said plurality of angles (390) and a dispersive device (380) for dispersing said illumination at each of said plurality of angles so that there is a correlation between said plurality of angles and the wavelengths of said illumination such that a resonance condition is generated on said sensor mean (60) for all wavelengths generated by said non-monochromatic source simultaneously. The analysis system also comprises a detection means (90) for detecting the reflected or transmitted illumination. Another embodiment comprises an anamorphic imaging means (120).

Abstract: In an apparatus for positioning an optical element in a structure, particularly in an objective housing of a projection objective for microlithography, the optical element is connected to the structure via fastening elements. The position of the optical element is set by means of adjusting fasteners. The fastening elements are arranged in such a way and the adjusting fasteners can be actuated in such a way that the optical element can be tilted about three mutually independent axes and can additionally be displaced in a translatory fashion in one axial direction.

Abstract: An image entering from the left side of the figure passes through a correcting lens unit, and forms an image on an image pickup device on the right side of the figure. The correcting lens unit includes a cylindrical outer frame and a lens arranged therein, and at coupling points, coupled to one end of each of electrostrictive coils and suspended thereby. Electrostrictive coils strain in response to voltages applied from a voltage applying unit, causing displacement of electrostrictive coils. The displacement is transmitted to correcting lens unit through the coupling points, and therefore, in accordance with the displacement from electrostrictive coils, position and/or direction of correcting lens unit changes.

Abstract: A portable hard disc device which is read by a recording and/or reproducing apparatus, including: a disc for recording and/or reproducing; a head slider for recording and/or reproducing the disc; an arm mechanism for moving the head slider to a predetermined position; a voice coil motor type coil for driving the arm mechanism by being driven by an external magnetic field generated by magnets provided in the recording and/or reproducing apparatus and a current supplied from a power circuit; a spindle for rotating the disc after the disc is fixed; and a power circuit for supplying a current to the voice coil motor type coil.

Abstract: A data storage system includes a magnetic storage medium and a write head configured to be positioned adjacent the storage medium and. The write head includes a magnetic field source configured to apply a magnetic field to the storage medium and an optical near field coupling structure configured to locally heat the magnetic storage medium with an optical near field proximate the magnetic field applied by the magnetic field source. An overcoat layer on the magnetic storage medium enhances absorption of the optical near field.

Abstract: A pattern dependent write equalization method is disclosed. The method includes identifying a trait of a data pattern in a stream of write data. A characteristic of a write equalization signal is then defined according to the identified trait for the data pattern.

Abstract: The present invention provides a current-sense bias circuit for use with a magnetoresistive head. In one embodiment, the current-sense bias circuit includes a voltage biasing portion configured to provide a bias voltage across the magnetoresistive head thereby establishing a bias current through the magnetoresistive head. Additionally, the current-sense bias circuit also includes a current sensing portion coupled to the voltage biasing portion and configured to sense a change in the bias current based on a resistivity change of the magnetoresistive head.

Abstract: Data transfer apparatus may include a housing substantially conforming to a dimensional standard for a specified type of data cartridge. A reader mounted to the housing interrogates and receives data from a memory system provided on a data cartridge when the data transfer apparatus is positioned adjacent the data cartridge. A data transmission system mounted to the housing and operatively associated with the reader transfers data received by the reader to a data receiving system external to the data transfer apparatus.

Abstract: A method for adjusting a tape wrap angle is described comprising the steps of operating the tape system to generate or regenerate an electrical signal in the head from the tape, either increasing or reducing the tape wrap angle as appropriate until a signal from the tape head reappears or goes to zero, then increasing the wrap angle until the desired angle is achieved as measured by the signal from the head or by moving the tape support a fixed amount. A tape recording and/or reading system with adjustable wrap angles is described which can be used with a method of the invention. The system includes one or more rollers mounted on an adjustable shaft with an eccentric or axially offset portion supporting the roller. Preferably for a magnetic head, an adjustable shaft and roller are located on the tape-in and tape-out side of the tape head. The angular orientation of the eccentric shaft is adjustable, thereby, allowing precise adjustment of the position of the roller with respect to the tape head.

Abstract: A disk control apparatus includes a shock sensor detecting a shock applied to a disk portion performing data reading and writing on a hard disk, and a shock log data generation manager creating shock log data concerning the detected shock, based on a predetermined shock determination threshold value relating to the level of the shock.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method and apparatus for performing best head detection in a disk drive using reference tracks. In one embodiment, a disk drive includes a plurality of disk surfaces. Each disk surface has a read head and a write head associated therewith. A servo track writer is provided for moving each write head and each read head relative to their corresponding disk surfaces. Reference tracks are written onto each of the disk surfaces. The reference track from each disk surface is read by its corresponding read head to determine a best read head. In one embodiment, the servo track writer sweeps each read head across its corresponding reference track as the reference track is being read. In one embodiment, each reference track includes reference track patterns and the best read head is the read head that detects the most patterns.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention recite a method for removing particles from a magnetic head support assembly of a hard disk drive. In one embodiment, a load/unload operation of the magnetic head support assembly is initiated. Particles are dislodged from the magnetic head support assembly by moving it across a physical feature of the load/unload ramp of the hard disk drive. This causes an acceleration of the magnetic head support assembly in a direction substantially perpendicular to its normal plane of movement which dislodges the particles. The particles are then conveyed away from the magnetic head support assembly in an airstream generated by the rotation of the disk pack of the hard disk drive.

Abstract: The present invention recognizes that induced RRO is coherent, i.e., the RRO has a large degree of repeatability from track to track. The present invention is a zero acceleration profile (compensation) process that targets CRRO (Coherent RRO). A process of the present invention represents a considerable reduction in the factory calibration time compared to other compensation techniques currently used. The reduction in time is attributed to the fact that CRRO can be computed by averaging position error signals (PES) over multiple tracks as opposed to total RRO which is computed by averaging over multiple revolutions on the same track.

Abstract: A disk drive is disclosed that estimates a sinusoidal error in a wedge time period due to eccentricity in the disk rotating to generate eccentricity compensation values. During a write operation a head is positioned over a target data sector within a target track, a write clock frequency is set using an eccentricity compensation value corresponding to the target data sector, and data is written to the target data sector using the write clock frequency. In this manner, the eccentricity compensation value adjusts the write clock frequency to better optimize the linear bit density from the inner to outer diameter tracks.

Abstract: A HDD tray structure is disclosed. The HDD tray structure includes a tray housing, a flexible printed circuit board (FPC) installed on the tray housing, and at least one indicator, wherein one end of the FPC has a metal pad electrically connected to a connector of a printed circuit board, and the other end of the FPC is in electrical contact with the indicator, so as to control the on/off state of the indicator.

Abstract: A mounting interface for a spindle motor allows the optimization of the spindle dynamics. The mounting interface provides a steadfast relationship between a motor and a baseplate, wherein the mounting interface includes at least three surface points forming a single plane acting as a common boundary between the motor and the baseplate. The three surface points may be pads, and the pads may be coupled to the baseplate or to the mount flange. The three surface points provide reduced contact area between the mount flange and the baseplate, and the reduced contact area lowers the rigidity of the mount flange and the resonant frequencies. The surface area of the pads and the material of the pads is chosen to reduce acoustical noise. In addition, a damping ring may be provided for dissipating distortion energy between the motor, baseplate and/or mount flange.

Abstract: Both a magnetic recording width and a magnetic reproduction width of a magnetic head are equal to or larger than a combined width of a track width of tracks and double an off-track width of the magnetic head with respect to tracks on a magnetic recording medium during recording and reproduction of recording data, and are equal to or smaller than a width produced by subtracting double the off-track width during recording and reproduction from a combined width of the track width and double a groove width of grooves on the magnetic recording medium.

Abstract: Aggressive (i.e. tight tolerance) stitching offers several advantages for magnetic write heads but at the cost of some losses during pole trimming. This problem has been overcome by replacing the alumina filler layer, that is used to protect the stitched pole during trimming, with a layer of electro-plated material. Because of the superior step coverage associated with the plating method of deposition, pole trimming can then proceed without the introduction of stresses to the stitched pole while it is being trimmed.

Abstract: A magnetic structure, such as a pole tip, and method for forming the same includes forming a pole tip layer of magnetic material. A layer of polyimide precursor material is added above the pole tip layer and cured. A silicon-containing resist layer is added above the layer of polyimide precursor material and patterned. The resist layer is exposed to oxygen plasma for converting the resist into a glass-like material. Exposed portions of the cured polyimide precursor material are removed for exposing portions of the pole tip layer. The exposed portions of the pole tip layer are removed for forming a pole tip. Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) can then be performed to remove any unwanted material remaining above the pole tip.

Abstract: A recording medium cartridge comprises an information recording medium, an inner rotor, and a pair of shutter members that are piled and accommodated in a cartridge casing. When the inner rotor is rotated, the opening part of the cartridge casing is opened and closed by the shutter members. On the overlapping surface of the shutter and the inner rotor, a plurality of ribs for reducing the contact area of the shutter and the inner rotor are provided. Further, in side parts of the shutter members, first overlapped parts and second overlapped parts are respectively provided through first step parts and second step parts in the moving directions of the shutter members. When the side parts are overlapped on each other, the first overlapped part of one shutter member and the first overlapped part of the other shutter member are continuously connected together through the first step parts on the upper surface side of the shutter members.

Abstract: A disk drive including a negative pressure type head slider having a transducer for reading/writing data from/to a disk having a plurality of tracks, and an actuator for moving the head slider across the tracks of the disk. The actuator includes an actuator arm rotatably mounted on a base of the head slider, a suspension fixed at a base end portion thereof to a front end portion of the actuator arm, and the head slider mounted on a front end portion of the suspension. The head slider includes a front pad having a raised surface and a step surface lower in level than the raised surface, the transducer formed near the air outlet end, and a first groove for generating a negative pressure by expanding air once compressed at the front pad. The bottom surface of the first groove is formed with a plurality of second grooves continuously extending from the downstream side of the front pad to the air outlet end. The second grooves are spaced from each other in the transverse direction of the head slider.

Abstract: A magnetic head slider including a central pad that is disposed at the trailing edge of the slider and designed to increase the flying height of the slider in response to heat induced protrusion of the head elements. The central pad of the present invention includes a body portion and two arm portions which project forwardly from a leading edge of the body portion, such that the leading portion of the central pad is formed with a generally U-shaped profile. The length of the arm members is preferably from approximately ¼ of the total length of the central pad to approximately ¾ of the total length of the central pad.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing an air bearing pad having improved roll angle sigma is disclosed. Two Z-shaped air bearing pads are formed to provide two additional negative pockets for improving roll angle stiffness of the slider and for shrinking the air bearing area.

Abstract: Positive retention features are provided on an actuator of a magnetic disk drive thereby increasing the structural rigidity of the actuator in attachment of a voice coil to the actuator. The positive retention features are defined by a plurality of protrusions having compound curved shapes including reverse or inward facing edges. The natural tendency of thermoplastic resin to shrink during cooling is used to an advantage in enhancing the rigidity of the connection between the voice coil and actuator body. The compound curved shapes of the positive retention features allows shrinkage of the thermoplastic resin in multiple directions around the features thereby maintaining desired actuator stiffness.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive head includes a first magnetic shield, a first electrode terminal arranged on the first magnetic shield at an entry side of a magnetic field from a carrier, a third electrode terminal that is spaced from the first electrode terminal, and arranged on the first magnetic shield at a side opposite to the entry side of the magnetic field from the carrier, a magnetoresistive coating arranged on the first and third electrode terminals, a second electrode terminal that is arranged on the magnetoresistive coating, and opposed to the first electrode terminal, a second magnetic shield arranged on the second electrode terminal, and a sense current source connected to the first and second electrode terminals, which applies sense current in a direction perpendicular to a coating surface of the magnetoresistive coating.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive sensor having a substrate that has been treated with nitrogen (nitrogenated) and having a Ta cap layer with nitrogen added in situ during deposition. The nitrogenated substrate includes an alumina base layer and a thin top layer of crystalline alumina that has had a very small amount of nitrogen deposited on top. The amount of nitrogen deposited on top of the alumina is less than or equal to two monolayer, and is preferably less than on monolayer. The amount of nitrogen deposited on top of the alumina substrate is riot enough to constitute a layer of nitrogen, but affects the structure of the alumina to cause the alumina to have a desired crystalline structure and an extremely smooth surface. The nitrogen in the cap layer can be formed by depositing a Ta cap layer in a sputter deposition chamber having a small amount of nitrogen in an Ar atmosphere.

Abstract: In controlling a seatbelt retracting device having a mechanism for retracting a seatbelt with a motor, a current flowing to the motor is detected, and a rate of increase in the current is calculated. When the rate of increase exceeds a predetermined value, the motor is stopped. When the current exceeds a predetermined value, the motor is stopped as well.

Abstract: A circuit for protecting a battery includes an n-well formed within a p substrate. A p-type resistor is formed with in the n well and has a connection to the battery. An n+ ring is also formed in the n well and substantially surrounds the p-type resistor.

Abstract: A direct current to direct current (DC-to-DC) converter having an active transient voltage compensator (ATVC) coupled with the DC-to-DC converter output terminal to improve a fast transient response of the DC-to-DC converter. The active transient voltage compensator compensates the DC output only during transient operation The ATVC includes a transformer for reducing the ATVC current stresses to improve the compensator efficiency and injecting, absorbing high slew rate current, and a controller circuit for controlling ATVC operation in steady state and normal operation in transients. During step-up load the ATVC operates as a buck converter and during step-down load, the ATVC operates as a boost converter while the main converter operates at low switching frequency for good efficiency.

Abstract: The invention relates to an overvoltage protection circuit comprising an MOV (Metal Oxide Varistor) voltage limiting device (3) which is disposed in series with a GDT (Gas Discharge Tube) voltage limiting device (4). The invention is characterized in that a resistor (5) is disposed in parallel with the aforementioned GDT device (4), the value of said resistor being such that the voltage supported by the GDT device (4) is less than the holdover voltage thereof. In another embodiment of the invention, a second resistor (6) is disposed in parallel with the MOV device (3) and, together with the above-mentioned resistor (5), forms a resistive divider such that the voltage applied the GDT device (4) under steady-state conditions is less than the holdover voltage of the GDT.

Abstract: A multilayer capacitor includes a multilayer body in which a plurality of dielectric layers and a plurality of internal electrodes are alternately laminated, and a plurality of terminal electrodes formed on side faces of the multilayer body. The multilayer body has a first capacitor portion and a second capacitor portion. The first capacitor portion includes first and second internal electrodes as the internal electrodes. The second capacitor portion includes third and fourth internal electrodes as the internal electrodes. Each of the first to fourth internal electrodes is electrically connected through a lead conductor or through lead conductors to one or more corresponding terminal electrodes among the first to fourth terminal electrodes. The first and second capacitor portions have their respective capacitances different from each other.

Abstract: A multilayer parallel plate capacitor with an extremely low inductance comprises a generally rectangular parallelepiped that includes at least one pair of generally rectangular consecutive composite layers stacked parallel to each other in the vertical direction, each composite layer of the pair comprising a dielectric substrate and a conductor plate thereon. Each conductor plate includes two or more lead portions to enable connection to terminal electrodes, and plates on consecutive composite layers are connected to terminal electrodes of opposite polarity. Each conductor plate advantageously includes one or more non-conductive regions comprising slots in the transverse direction, and one or more non-conductive regions comprising slots in the longitudinal direction. These slots provide directionality to the electrical currents through the plates, resulting in a capacitor structure with greatly reduced inductance.

Abstract: A semiconductor device having the thin film capacitor includes a first electrode formed on a substrate, a capacitor insulating film containing a laminated film, which is constructed by laminating an amorphous dielectric film and a polycrystalline dielectric film via a wave-like interface, on the first electrode, and a second electrode formed on the capacitor insulating film.

Abstract: An electrical storage device, such as a capacitor, which includes a high surface area material such as zeolite as a substrate, a suitable dielectric layer proximate to the substrate, and necessary electrically conductive layers. The substrate is non-planar and has a rigid, sponge-like internal structure with a high surface area to volume ratio defined by nanometer scale openings connected by passageways.

Abstract: A multilayer chip capacitor, and a method for manufacturing the same are provided. The capacitor includes a capacitor body having a plurality of dielectric layers stacked therein, a plurality of first and second internal electrodes formed on the dielectric layers, each of the internal electrodes including a main electrode portion and a lead portion, chip-protecting side members formed on both sides of the capacitor body to contact both sides of the first and second internal electrodes, and a pair of external electrodes formed on the outer surface of the capacitor body. The width of the main electrode portion is the same as that of the dielectric layers, and the width of the lead portion is smaller than that of the dielectric layers.

Abstract: A monolithic ceramic electronic component includes a low-permeability coil portion formed by stacking low-permeability ceramic green sheets, a first coil and a relatively large number of pores, and a high-permeability coil portion formed by stacking high-permeability ceramic green sheets, a second coil and a relatively small number of pores. The first coil and the second coil are electrically connected in series to form a spiral coil. The coil portion composed of a ferrite ceramic having a small number of pores has a high permeability and a high dielectric constant, and the coil portion composed of a ferrite ceramic having a large number of pores has a low permeability and a low dielectric constant.

Abstract: A capacitor array may include a bottom electrode, a plurality of top electrodes, at least one dielectric medium and a plurality of switching mechanisms. Each switching mechanism may separably electronically connect two or more top electrodes. The at least one dielectric medium may include a plurality of discrete capacitors each in contact with a top electrode and the bottom electrode.

Abstract: An electric chemical capacitor includes first and second electrodes each including a collector 111, 121, a polarized electrode layer 112, 122 and an undercoat layer 113, 123 for bonding the collector and the polarized electrode layer with each other, and a separator put between the first and second electrodes so that the polarized electrode layers 112 and 122 face each other, wherein an end portion of each undercoat layer 113, 123 is located in the same position as or on the outer side of an end portion of the corresponding polarized electrode layer 112, 122, and located on the inner side of an end portion of the separator 130. Thus, the polarized electrode layers can be prevented from peeling from the collector. Further, the undercoat layers can be prevented from abutting against each other, and the undercoat layer of one electrode and the collector of the other electrode can be prevented from abutting against each other.

Abstract: Implantable defibrillators are implanted into the chests of patients prone to suffering ventricular fibrillation, a potentially fatal heart condition. A critical component in these devices is an aluminum electrolytic capacitors, which stores and delivers one or more life-saving bursts of electric charge to a fibrillating heart. These capacitors make up about one third the total size of the defibrillators. Unfortunately, conventional manufacturers of these capacitors have paid little or no attention to reducing the size of these capacitors through improved capacitor packaging. Accordingly, the inventors contravened several conventional manufacturing principles and practices to devise unique space-saving packaging that allows dramatic size reduction.