Abstract: The switch device disclosed includes: a substantially disk-shaped operator; a substantially ring-shaped indicator provided between the operator and the light emitting elements disposed below the operator; and a visible portion formed in the center of an inner periphery of the operator. Since the indicator carrying indications of equipment functions in characters, symbols, figures or the like is formed separately from the operator, the indications will never turn sideways or upside down owing to the rotation of the operator.

Abstract: A smart dimmer switch for control of a lighting load from an AC voltage source can replace any switch in a three-way or four-way lighting control system. The smart dimmer switch can be connected on the line-side or the load-side of a three-way system with a standard three-way switch in the other location. Further, the dimmer switch can replace a four-way switch in a four-way system and is operable to be coupled to two standard three-way switches. The dimmer switch includes either one or two semiconductor switches to control the intensity of the connected lighting load. The dimmer switch preferably includes a sensing circuit for detecting an electrical characteristic (i.e., either a voltage or a current) at a terminal of the dimmer to determine the state of the connected three-way switch(s) or four-way switch.

Abstract: A damping structure for a rotor assembly includes holes defined in a rotor and in a side board respectively and damping elements inserted into the holes of the rotor to be located between the rotor and the side board. Each damping element is received in a corresponding to one of the holes of the rotor and the side board so as to absorb vibration from the rotor to the axle of the rotor assembly.

Abstract: A motor includes a yoke housing, an armature, a commutator, a brush, a brush holder, and a yoke side joining part. The yoke housing has an opening. The armature is received by the yoke housing. The commutator is joined to the armature. The brush supplies electricity to the commutator. The brush holder holds the brush. The yoke side joining part connects the brush holder and the yoke housing. The yoke side joining part has an elastic member at an end part of the yoke side joining part. The end part is on a side of the yoke housing. A loss tangent of the elastic member is equal to or larger than 0.6.

Abstract: The section of a cooling channel or conduit for a rotary electric machine comprises at least one tube which is mounted along at least one coolable part thereof and is provided with input and output axes, at least one coolant input and output connections, wherein the tube extends between said connections, each input and output connection is oriented at least approximately along the corresponding input or output axis of the tube and has a constant cross-sectional area along the entire longitudinal extent thereof. A rotary electric machine provided with said channel or conduit is also disclosed.

Abstract: To provide a pump and pumping system in which the mounting efficiency is improved and which can be controlled without pulling out a flexible tape, etc. from a pump in order to satisfy a demand for smaller information systems and a demand for mounting various kinds of electronic components with high density. A pump comprising an impeller having a plurality of vanes around its outer circumference and a rotor magnet on its inner circumference, a plurality of salient poles positioned opposite to the rotor magnet to radially extend outwardly in the radial direction of the impeller, a pump casing interposed between the rotor magnet and the plurality of salient poles, a driving IC for supplying current to coils wound around the salient poles, and an electronic board on which the driving IC is mounted; wherein the electronic board is fixed to the pump casing while the driving IC is interposed between the plurality of salient poles.

Abstract: In a connection arrangement (10) for the stator winding of a turbo machine with two or more parallel circuits of individual conductors (26, 29) per phase, the individual conductors belonging to one phase form a phase group (25, 28) and run directly adjacent to one another in the stator body, the individual conductors of the winding are each connected from a winding connection (21, . . . , 24) to an external connection (15, . . . , 20) via a phase ring (32), which runs concentrically with respect to the machine axis (33). A simplification of the manufacture and assembly as well as a reduction in space requirements and an improvement in the thermal properties are achieved by the phase rings (32) of a phase group each being led together as a phase ring group (11, . . . , 14) from the winding connections (21, . . . , 24) to the external connections (15, . . . , 20).

Abstract: A servo motor with large rotor inertia includes a casing, a stator, a rotor and an inertial disk. The casing includes a hollow chamber and axial stages at front side and rear side thereof. The stator is arranged in the chamber and includes a ring and a plurality of coils around the ring. A through hole is defined at the center of the ring. A rotation shaft of the rotor is fixed to the stage and a magnet body is capped to the rotation shaft, where the magnet body is arranged in the through hole. The inertial disk is fixed to the rotation shaft of the rotor. The rotational inertia of the rotor is increased by rotating the inertial disk when the rotor is rotated by magnetize the stator. Therefore, the inertial disks of various sizes can be fixed to the rotor for matching different load inertia.

Abstract: A drive rotor has a coupled portion to which a coupling portion extending from a rotary shaft is loosely fitted. A driven rotor can be engaged with the drive rotor with respect to a rotating direction of the drive rotor. A restricting member is fixed to the rotary shaft so as to be integrally rotatable. In the case that the drive rotor is inclined with respect to the rotary shaft, the restricting member can be brought into contact with the drive rotor. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress an excessive looseness in a coupling mechanism.

Abstract: A sleeve housing for a motor includes a bearing member, which includes a cylindrical portion and a collar portion and is formed by press working or by forging. The bearing member is retained by a retaining portion which is a portion of a cutting tool and which relatively rotates with respect to the cutting tool in a concentric manner with a predetermined rotation axis in order to execute a cutting process on a lower portion of the collar portion with reference to an upper portion thereof, so as to effectively form the sleeve housing with very high precision.

Abstract: A ring-shaped member is secured to a shaft of a motor between a portion of the shaft connected to a rotor and a sleeve accommodating the shaft and impregnated with lubricating oil. The ring-shaped member is coated with a repellent agent repelling the lubricating oil. An outer diameter of the ring-shaped member at its sleeve side, i.e., a first outer diameter is larger than that at the opposite side, i.e., a second outer diameter. A shaft-retaining portion is provided between the connected portion of the shaft and the ring-shaped member. A diameter of the hole is larger than the first outer diameter and smaller than the second outer diameter. At least one of the ring-shaped member and the shaft-retaining portion is elastically deformable.

Abstract: A motor having a fluid dynamic bearing generating a fluid dynamic pressure by forming an oil gap between a rotor and a stator such that oil is accommodated in the oil gap, and a first and second air dynamic bearing generating an air dynamic pressure by forming an air gap between the rotor and the stator such that air is introduced into the air gap. The fluid dynamic bearing generates a fluid dynamic pressure by forming an oil gap between an axial hole of a sleeve and a shaft such that oil is accommodated in the oil gap, and the first and second air dynamic bearings generate an air dynamic pressure by forming an air gap between an inner circumferential surface of a hub and an outer circumferential surface of the sleeve and between the inner circumferential surface of the hub and an upper plane surface of the sleeve, respectively.

Abstract: A motor/generator includes a rotor member, a shorting member and a stator. The rotor member has a plurality of permanent magnets. The shorting member is configured and arranged to selectively establish a short-circuit in magnetic flux of the permanent magnets to switch between a normal state in which the magnetic flux is not shorted and a shorted state in which the magnetic flux is shorted. The stator has a plurality of coils configured and arranged to be energized with a composite electrical current including first and second current components. The stator is further configured and arranged to form a first magnetic circuit between the coils and the permanent magnets with the first current component to drive the rotor member and to form a second magnetic circuit between the coils and the shorting member with the second current component to selectively switch between the normal state and the shorted state.

Abstract: An add-on kit comprising a (1) ring of (2) magnets (easy to install) is installed onto a (6) wheel of bike or car. An arrangement of (3) electromagnets and (5) inductors (detectors) is installed onto the (4) fork of a bike or suspension of car in the proximity of the ring. By turning the (3) electromagnets on and off and controlling the on-time and the field strength, a force that assists the wheel in rotating is produced. With the electromagnets turned-off, the moving ring of permanent magnets also provides for regenerative braking. With the bicycle mounted on an elevated stand, and the controlled timing of the electromagnets programmed to induce a force in the backwards direction, a user can use his bike as an exercise machine, gaming/training apparatus, or just to recharge the batteries.

Abstract: A self magnetizing motor is disclosed, which comprises a stator which is comprised of a plurality of sheets including a plurality of stator slots and exciter slots formed at fixed intervals along an outer circumferential surface of the center, a teeth provided between each of the stator slots, and an exciter pole formed between the exciter slots; an exciter coil which is wound on each exciter slot; and a rotor which is rotatably inserted into the center (C) of the stator, and is provided with an exciter magnetizable portion on an outer circumferential surface to be magnetized by the exciter coil; wherein the exciter pole is positioned at the part of the stator to form a back yoke of an increased size. Preferably, the exciter pole is positioned at corner of the stator so that a rear stator portion of the exciter pole is increased in size.

Abstract: An insulator covering the teeth (31) of an armature (3) in an inner-rotor motor is composed of a tooth insulator (321), outer-side insulator (322), upper-end insulator (323), and lower-end insulator (324). The tooth insulator (321) is composed of substantially annular top and bottom members that are assembled from above and below to the teeth (31).

Abstract: In an electric motor having high-speed and low-speed brushes, durability is improved and vibration/noise is reduced. The electric motor has a low-speed brush 21a, a high-speed brush 21b, and a common brush 21c. Formed in the electric motor are a first coil 7A1 which is wound between given slots 11, and a second coil 7A2 which is wound in a direction opposite to a direction of the first coil 7A1 between slots 11 existing at positions point-symmetric to the given slots 11 with respect to a center of a rotation shaft. An armature coil 7 is formed by the first and second coils 7A1 and 7A2. If the armature coil 7 is short-circuited by the high-speed brush 21b, the first coil 7A1 and the second coil 7A2 of the short-circuited armature coil 7 exist at positions symmetric to each other with respect to an axis line extending through the center of the high-speed brush 21b and the center of the rotation shaft.

Abstract: The invention provides an improvement in a slip ring (20) adapted to provide electrical contact between a stator (21) and a rotor (22). The improvement includes: a current-carrying conductor (23) mounted on the stator; a brush tube (24) mounted on the conductor; a fiber bundle composed of a number of individual fibers (26), the upper marginal end portions of the fibers being received in said brush tube, a portion of the brush tube being crimped or swaged to hold the upper marginal end portions of said fibers therein, the lower ends of the fibers in the bundle extending beyond said brush tube and being adapted to engage said rotor; a collimator tube (25) surrounding a portion of the brush tube and extending therebeyond, the lower end of the collimator tube being adapted to limit lateral movement of the lower marginal end portions of said fibers in said bundle when the rotor rotates relative to said stator; and a fluid reservoir mounted on the collimator tube (28).

Abstract: The rear cover of a vehicle-use AC generator is integrally formed with a portion that is shaped to enclose at least a part of a circumferentially extending region around the slip rings of the generator. Hence the rear cover, alone or in combination with an appropriately shaped brush holder, serves to seal the region of contact between the slip rings and brushes against intrusion of foreign matter, without the use of sealing members for preventing such intrusion.

Abstract: Reinforcing body retainers are formed on an inner peripheral surface near a tip and near a root of first and second claw-shaped magnetic poles. Reinforcing bodies have a trapezoidal base portion and a pair of wing portions formed on two sides of the base portion, and slits are formed completely across a width direction of the base portion at a central portion in a height direction of the trapezoidal shape of the base portion so as to be offset toward a base of the trapezoidal shape. The reinforcing bodies are disposed so as to contact the inner peripheral surfaces of the first and second claw-shaped magnetic poles with a magnet housed and supported in each of the wing portions, and a D ring is fitted into the slits of the reinforcing bodies.

Abstract: Reinforcing body retainers are formed on an inner peripheral surface near a tip and near a root of first and second claw-shaped magnetic poles. Reinforcing bodies have a trapezoidal base portion and a pair of wing portions formed on two sides of the base portion, and slits are formed completely across a width direction of the base portion at a central portion in a height direction of the trapezoidal shape of the base portion so as to be offset toward a base of the trapezoidal shape. The reinforcing bodies are disposed so as to contact the inner peripheral surfaces of the first and second claw-shaped magnetic poles with a magnet housed and supported in each of the wing portions, and a D ring is fitted into the slits of the reinforcing bodies.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a compact and highly reliable oscillator device having stable vibration characteristics, the object being achieved by constructing the oscillator device by bonding an oscillator in place by accurately positioning it, in a prescribed position and at a prescribed angle, inside a package. The oscillator device according to the present invention includes an oscillator having a vibrating prong and a base portion with a first reference portion, a package, a mounting base with a second reference portion provided inside the package, and a bonding material for fixing the oscillator to the mounting base by aligning the first reference portion with the second reference portion by utilizing a self-alignment effect occurring due to surface tension.

Abstract: A device for recovering mechanical energy from a mobile support and/or from a fluid in movement. The device includes a part fixed to the support or fluid, and a mobile part in suspension. The fixed part is of lower mass than the mobile part. The mobile part includes a case of the device.

Abstract: A Lamb wave type high frequency device comprises: a piezoelectric substrate; an interdigital transducer (IDT) electrode formed on a first main surface of the piezoelectric substrates a reinforcing substrate connected to a second main surface of the piezoelectric substrate; a space portion formed in one of the piezoelectric substrate and the reinforcing substrate, an area of the space portion being larger than a region in which a Lamb wave is propagated; and a connecting surface formed in a periphery of the space portion.

Abstract: A generally diamond-shaped detection electrode is formed in the approximate center of the piezoelectric element. The strain resulting from the bending secondary vibration mode in the vicinity of the detection electrode is minimized because the detection electrode is formed in such a manner as to include a vibrational node of the longitudinal primary vibrational mode and a vibrational node of the bending secondary vibrational mode. As a result when the phase difference between the drive signal and the detection signal is detected, the effect of vibration in the bending secondary vibration mode on the detected phase difference can be suppressed and a single drive frequency can be determined with respect to a prescribed phase difference. Thus, the drive performance of the vibrating body with respect to a driven body (i.e.

Abstract: A monolithic radio frequency (RF) circuit and a method of fabricating the monolithic RF circuit are provided. The monolithic RF circuit includes: a base substrate; a filter part including first and second support layers formed on the base substrate, a first air gap formed between the first and second support layers, a first electrode formed on the second support layer and the first air gap, a first piezoelectric layer formed on the first support layer and the first electrode, and a second electrode formed on the first piezoelectric layer; and a switch part including a third support layer adjacent to the second support layer, a second air gap formed between the second and third support layers, a first switch electrode formed on the second air gap and the third support layer, and a second piezoelectric layer formed on the first switch electrode.

Abstract: A piezoelectric vibrator includes: a flat plate piezoelectric element, the piezoelectric vibrator vibrating in a mixed mode of stretching vibration that generates a displacement in a first direction within a plane of the piezoelectric element and a bending vibration that generates a displacement in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction; a vibrating member provided with the piezoelectric element and vibrated by applying voltage on the piezoelectric element; a support member provided on the vibrating member to support the vibrating member in a vibratable manner the support member being provided on an outer edge of the vibrating member at a position adjacent to anti-node other than free end of the bending vibration, the support member including a first support section extending in a direction approximately orthogonal to the first direction and a second support section extending in a direction approximately orthogonal to the direction in which the first support section extends; and a fixing portion

Abstract: An oscillatory wave motor, a lens barrel, and a camera system are provided, which have long service lives and which are stable. An oscillatory wave motor includes an oscillator which generates oscillation on an elastic member in accordance with excitation of an electromechanical conversion element, and a relative movement member which is pressurized to make contact with the oscillator and which moves relative to the oscillator in accordance with the oscillation. The oscillatory wave motor has an epoxy resin film formed of silicon beads and an epoxy resin and which is formed on at least one of frictional contact surfaces of the oscillator and the relative movement member.

Abstract: A piezoelectric/electrostrictive device is provided with a stationary portion, a thin-plate portion supported by the stationary portion, and piezoelectric/electrostrictive element formed by alternately laminating a plurality of electrodes and a plurality of piezoelectric/electrostrictive layers. The piezoelectric/electrostrictive device is produced by cutting a thin-plate body that composes the thin-plate portion afterward and a laminated body comprising the piezoelectric/electrostrictive layers and thereafter applying prescribed specific processing (for example, heat treatment) to the cut plane (the lateral end surfaces).

Abstract: Embodiments of an injection molded energy harvesting device are described. In one embodiment, a piezoelectric cantilever is produced via an injection molding method to harvest vibration energy from an environment being sensed. The cantilever device consists of a piezoelectric material member, a proof mass of high density material coupled to the piezoelectric member, and a leadframe for electrical connection. The piezoelectric member is electrically attached to the leadframe with a standard connecting material. The entire assembly is then injection molded with plastic. The plastic encased piezoelectric member forms a cantilever that generates electricity in response to vibration exerted on the proof mass.

Abstract: A sensor package generally includes a substrate and one or more sensing elements, located on a surface of the substrate. A lid, such as for example a glass cap, is coupled to the substrate such that the lid and substrate define a sealed cavity accommodating the sensing element(s). The lid has at least one conductive via or well electrically coupled to the sensing element(s) inside the cavity and arranged so as to provide an electrical connection to the exterior of the lid for connecting with external circuitry. The substrate can be a piezoelectric substrate and each sensing element can consist of an interdigital transducer such that the substrate and interdigital transducer(s) define a surface acoustic wave sensor. A surface acoustic wave sensor system for sensing torque includes the sensor package and leads wire bonded to the conductive vias for attaching the sensor package to an antenna.

Abstract: A tuning fork-type piezoelectric resonator element includes a base section made of a piezoelectric material, and at least a pair of resonating arms formed integrally with the base section that extend parallel to each other from the base section. Based on a displacement vortex generated by flexural vibration of the pair of resonating arms near the base end of each resonating arm of the base section and on a virtual center line that passes through a center width of each resonating arm, a groove or slit is provided along a line tangent to a periphery of the displacement vortex.

Abstract: The invention relates to provide an artistic display rack comprising of a base, an interior hung board mounting a flat screen display, and an exterior protective lid covering the base. Furthermore, a fitting fine art could be mounted on the artistic display rack, not only to shield or show a flat screen display, but also to be fitted into the whole interior decoration to make users feel more comfortable.

Abstract: An expandable stand is provided to accommodate televisions of different sizes. The expandable stand includes a fixed frame to support the television, shelves for electronic components or other items, an expandable top, and a rear panel which may include a box to hide electrical wires and cables.

Abstract: A storage cabinet assembly for use in storing firearms or the like includes a cabinet with a recessed bifold door arrangement, to facilitate access to items contained within the cabinet assembly. The door arrangement includes a single-point locking system, which provides a secure arrangement for maintaining the doors in a closed position while providing ease in opening and closing the doors. Various support and storage modules or components are adapted to be contained within the interior of the cabinet, including stock rests for positioning in the bottom of the cabinet interior, as well as barrel rests and pistol supports that are secured to amounting member which may be adjustably positioned within the storage cabinet interior. A bin or shelf arrangement may also be positioned within the storage cabinet interior. The various support and storage modules or components may be used in various combinations, and may be moved to various positions within the storage cabinet interior.

Abstract: A kitchen appliance includes a door having an outer panel portion and an inner panel portion, with a plurality of mounting members being spaced about the outer panel portion of the door. A glass panel assembly, including a glass panel and a plurality of mounting elements, is detachably mounted to the door through the interengagement of the plurality of mounting elements with the plurality of mounting members. The mounting elements are adhesively secured to the glass panel. Neither the plurality of mounting members nor the plurality of mounting elements are readily visible normally when viewing the kitchen appliance such that the glass panel appears to float relative to the door.

Abstract: The invention proposes a device for influencing the movement of furniture parts (1, 2) which can be moved relative to one another, having a movement-influencing unit which comprises an installation housing, in which movement-influencing coupling means are accommodated such that they can be displaced at least in a translatory manner, and having a coupling element, to which the coupling means are connected in the operating state. In order to provide a device which is of space-saving construction and is comparatively straight-forward to install, the movement-influencing unit is designed such that, by virute of a relative movement between the coupling means and the coupling element in a displacement direction of the coupling means, the coupling means can be coupled to the coupling element to produce a connection which has a predeterminable coupling force. Also proposed are a drawer guide and a production method.

Abstract: A high intensity discharge lamp is provided with an arc tube having an improved heat insulator. The heat insulator is formed proximate to at least one end of the arc tube but absent around an outer middle portion of the arc tube. In addition, the heat insulator is made of a material transmissive of visible light but not transmissive of thermal radiation. By adding a heat insulator to the cold spot area of the arc tube, radiation heat lose from that area will be significantly reduced and the temperature of that area will be increased. Moreover, by choosing a material that will not get oxidized and will not block the visible light, higher lamp efficacy can be achieved.

Abstract: Structures and methods for improving image quality of organic light emitting diode integrated with color filters, the structures and methods mainly utilize a planarization layer to be coated on the color filter or to substitute for a passivation layer, or utilize a planarization layer to be coated on the color filter and utilize another planarization layer to substitute for a passivation layer to effectively reduce surface roughness of pixel electrode, therefore manufacturing yield and image quality of the organic light emitting diode are improved.

Abstract: A spark plug (24) is used in an ignition system (10) of the type for creating a precisely timed spark to ignite an air/fuel mixture in an internal combustion engine. The spark plug (24) is provided with an integrated capacitor feature to increase the intensity of its spark. The capacitor feature is formed by applying metallic film (62, 64) to the inner (30) and outer surfaces of a tubular insulator (26). The insulator (26), made from an alumina ceramic material, forms a dielectric and sustains an electrical charge when an electrical differential is established between the inner (64) and outer (62) metallic films. The stored electrical charge is discharged with the firing of a spark in the spark gap (54). The inner (64) and outer (62) metallic films can be applied as a paint or ink directly to the surfaces of the insulator (26), or can be mixed with a glazing compound to form conductive coatings simultaneous with the glazing operation.

Abstract: A spark plug (24) is used in an ignition system (10) of the type for creating a precisely timed spark to ignite an air/fuel mixture in an internal combustion engine. The spark plug (24) is provided with an integrated capacitor feature to increase the intensity of its spark. The capacitor feature is formed by applying metallic film (62, 64) to the inner (30) and outer surfaces of a tubular insulator (26). The insulator (26), made from an alumina ceramic material, forms a dielectric and sustains an electrical charge when an electrical differential is established between the inner (64) and outer (62) metallic films. The stored electrical charge is discharged with the firing of a spark in the spark gap (54). The inner (64) and outer (62) metallic films can be applied as a paint or ink directly to the surfaces of the insulator (26), or can be mixed with a glazing compound to form conductive coatings simultaneous with the glazing operation.

Abstract: A spark plug for an internal combustion engine is disclosed having a metal shell having an outer periphery formed with a mounting thread, a porcelain insulator fixedly secured to the metal shell on a central axis thereof, a center electrode retained within the porcelain insulator along a central axis thereof with a distal end located outside the porcelain insulator, and a ground electrode joined to the metal shell and having an end associated with the distal end of the center electrode to define therebetween a spark discharge gap. The ground electrode includes a facing surface intersecting the central axis of the center electrode and having a width equal to or less than 1.6 mm.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave shielding material 1 comprises a light-shielding electrical conductor layer 11 having, on its observer-side external surface, a blackening layer 12. The electrical conductor layer 11 comprises a mesh portion 2 that has a large number of openings adjoining one another and faces the center portion 5b of the image-luminescent part 5a of a display device 5, and a frame portion 3 that surrounds the mesh portion 2 and faces the outer edge portion 5c of the image-luminescent part 5a of the display device 5. When trimming the screen of a display D with a black-colored light-shielding layer, since the electromagnetic wave shielding material 1 is used, it is not necessary to perform9 an additional printing step or the like, so that the total number of steps and material cost are not increased. Moreover, such electromagnetic wave shielding material does not cause non-uniformity in light-shielding properties compared with a light-shielding layer formed by printing.

Abstract: The present invention prevents the oxidization of a member of carbon fibers and improves the electric connection between the carbon fibers and the member of carbon fibers. In the present invention, a member 5 of carbon fibers 4 includes: a first element selected from the group consisting of IVa group elements and Va group elements; a second element selected from the group consisting of C, Al, Si, Cr, and Zr; and N. Preferably, the first element is Ti. More preferably, the member 5 includes Al or Si and the ratio of Al or Si to Ti is not less than 10 atm % and not more than 30 atm %.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to prove a method of producing an electron-emitting device, in which metal content in an electron emission film can be relatively easily controlled and adhesiveness between electrodes and the like in contact with the electron emission film and the electron emission film is good. The method is a method of producing an electron-emitting device including a cathode electrode and a metal-containing electron emission film located above the cathode electrode. The method includes a first step (A) of preparing an electroconductive first layer for the cathode, a second layer for the electron emission film located above the first layer, and a third layer for a metal-containing electron beam focusing electrode in contact with the second layer and a second step (B) of diffusing the metal from the third layer into the second layer.

Abstract: Provided is a piezoelectric-film-type electron emitter of high durability exhibiting suppressed reduction in electron emission quantity, which reduction would otherwise occur with repeated use of the electron emitter. The electron emitter includes a substrate, a lower electrode, an emitter layer, and an upper electrode. The upper electrode has a plurality of openings, and an emitter section located on the top surface of the emitter layer is exposed through the openings to a reduced-pressure atmosphere. The electron emitter is configured so that when a pulse drive voltage Va is applied between the lower electrode and the upper electrode, electrons are accumulated on the emitter section, and then the electrons are emitted toward the reduced-pressure atmosphere. The emitter layer contains a primary component (i.e., a ferroelectric composition) and an additional component.

Abstract: A lamp is disclosed which comprises a first element and second element placed in line and having, at one of their ends, a first flat base and respectively a second flat base on an inclined plane with respect to the corresponding longitudinal axis, and a first and respectively a second straight sections having the same external perimeter. The first and second flat bases rest on a common contact plane, have the same external perimeter and turn on a common axis of rotation passing through their centre at right angles to the contact plane.

Abstract: An electron gun including a cathode, a beam forming region, an electron lens region, and a high voltage wire is provided. The beam forming region is disposed behind the cathode to make the electrons produced by the cathode become an electron beam. The beam forming region has a control electrode G1 and a screen electrode G2 sequentially. In addition, the electron lens region is adjacent to the beam forming region. The electron lens region has a focusing electrode G3, a focusing electrode G4, and a focusing electrode G5, wherein the focusing electrode G3 and the focusing electrode G4 overlap. Moreover, the high voltage wire is disposed in the electron lens region to connect the focusing electrode G3 and the focusing electrode G5. A cathode ray tube and a projector applying the electron gun are also provided.

Abstract: A display apparatus is provided. The display apparatus includes a light source apparatus including a white light source, a blue fluorescent material, a green fluorescent material, a red fluorescent material, a green color filter, and a red color filter. A green chromaticity point of an output of green light to be omitted from the green fluorescent material and a red chromaticity point of an output of red light to be emitted from the red fluorescent material on a chromaticity coordinate system are interconnected by an imaginary straight line which passes only points which are equal to or higher than (0.300, 0.600) with regard to at least one of an x-axis component and a y-axis component of the chromaticity coordinate system.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp is configured so that a glass bulb has a phosphor film formed on its internal face, and a rare gas and an amalgam pellet are enclosed therein. The amalgam pellet contains zinc, tin, and mercury as principal components, one amalgam pellet is enclosed in the glass bulb, and the amalgam pellet has a weight of not more than 20 mg. The fluorescent lamp satisfies the relationship expressed as: 45×(1?A)?x?55x(1?A), 75A?y?85A, 45?30A?z?55?30A, and x+y+z?100, where x represents a content of zinc contained in the amalgam pellet in percent by weight, y represents a content of tin therein in percent by weight, and z represents a content of mercury therein in percent by weight. This configuration allows the fluorescent lamp to be characterized in that an amount of released mercury that is necessary for the first lighting of the fluorescent lamp is secured, and that the phosphor film is less prone to being peeled due to the amalgam.