Abstract: This invention relates to a filter assembly for removing material that is entrained in a gas stream. The filter assembly comprises a housing which comprises head and body parts, with an inlet port in the head part for a gas stream to flow into the housing, the head and body parts having formations which enable them to be connected to one another and separated by relative rotation. The filter assembly further comprises a filter element which can be fitted within the housing. The filter element comprises a wall of a filtration medium which defines a hollow space for a gas stream to flow from the space through the wall to be filtered, and an end cap with an inlet which can be sealed to the inlet port in the head part of the housing to provide a flow path for a gas stream to be supplied from the inlet port in the housing to the said space.

Abstract: A filter assembly for removing material that is entrained in a gas stream. The filter assembly comprises a filter element comprising a wall of a filtration medium which defines a hollow space, for a gas stream to flow from the space through the wall to be filtered. The wall includes a filtration layer, and a drainage layer located outside the filtration layer in which liquid separated from the gas stream can collect. The filter element comprises first and second end caps at opposite ends of the wall, the first end cap including an inlet for a gas stream to be supplied to the space within the wall. The filter assembly further comprises a housing in which the filter element can be received when in use. The housing has an inlet port for a gas stream to flow into the housing which communicates with the inlet in the first end cap, and an outlet port through which gas which has passed through the filtration medium can leave the housing.

Abstract: A filter element for removing material that is entrained in a gas stream comprises a wall of a filtration medium which defines a hollow space, for a gas stream to flow from the space through the wall. The filter element includes an end cap having an inlet tube for a gas stream to be supplied to the space. The tube has at least one helically extending rifle formation in its internal wall by which a helical flow is imparted to the gas stream when it leaves the tube.

Abstract: A filter element (1) wound from a plurality of filter layers in which the circumferential contour (5, 5?) of a cross-sectional area (4) of the filter element (1) has at least one circumferential contour section (5?) undercutting the envelope contour (6, 6?) of the cross-sectional filter element area (4).

Abstract: A filter element and filter apparatus, and a method for fabricating a filter element, include a filter element having alternating layers of a face sheet material and a convoluted filter material, with the alternating layers forming substantially longitudinally oriented flutes that extend axially along, or past, a radially acting seal, into previously unused portions of the cavity of a filter housing. In some embodiments, structures such as struts extending partially across an outlet end of the filter element, or a rigid web formed by a layer of resin extending axially a potted length into some of the flutes from the outlet end resist axially oriented pressure forces on the alternating layers.

Abstract: An auger stripper assembly for a combine head has first and second auger stripper fixed to a wall of the combine head, wherein one auger stripper is disposed above the other auger stripper.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to harvesters and, more particularly, to a combine for harvesting row crops, which has been modified, to collect and measure grain from continuously from a plurality of strip test plots.

Abstract: A combine head trough assembly comprises a curved steel panel having two openings passing therethrough, one opening being disposed at each end of the panel, the assembly further comprising two doors configured to respectively cover the two openings. The doors are pivoted between a closed position during normal combine operation and an open position to permit cleanout of crop material.

Abstract: A combine head frame includes a laterally-extending upper beam adjacent to the top of the combine head and a laterally-extending lower beam adjacent to the bottom of the combine head. A left lateral beam has first and second ends, wherein the first end is coupled to a left central portion of the upper beam and the second end is coupled to a left end portion of the lower beam. A right lateral beam has third and fourth ends, wherein the third end is coupled to a right central portion of the upper beam and the fourth end is coupled to a right end portion of the lower beam.

Abstract: A polyester combined filament yarn composed of a self-extending polyester multifilament yarn A and a heat-shrinkable polyester multifilament yarn B, wherein the polyester multifilament yarn A comprises a core portion and a plurality of fin portions protruding in a radial fashion from the core portion along the lengthwise direction of the core portion, and the following conditions (a) to (c) arc simultaneously satisfied. 1/20?SB/SA????(a) 0.6?LB/DA?3.0??(b) WB/DA?¼??(c) (where SA represents the cross-sectional area of the core portion, DA represents the diameter of the core portion when the cross-section is a circle and the circumscribed circle diameter when it is not a circle, and SB, LB and WB represent the cross-sectional area, maximum length and maximum width, respectively, of the fin portions.

Abstract: A particle separator for use in connection with a gas turbine engine is disclosed. The particle separator extends circumferentially less than 360 degrees between a first end and a second end. In one embodiment, an inner scavenge conduit is spaced radially inward from an outer scavenge conduit. An inlet can be located between the outer scavenge conduit and the inner scavenge conduit and adapted to receive airflow. A plurality of separated airflow paths can be located between the inner and outer scavenge conduits. The outer scavenge conduit and the inner scavenge conduit can be adapted to receive particles separated from the inlet airflow as the inlet airflow passes along the curved separating portion.

Abstract: A variable cycle turbofan engine includes first and second fans independently joined to respective turbines. A first bypass duct surrounds a core engine disposed in flow communication with the second fan. A second bypass duct surrounds the first bypass duct in flow communication with the first fan. A first exhaust nozzle is joined to both the core engine and first bypass duct. And, a second exhaust nozzle is joined to the second bypass duct.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas control apparatus for an internal combustion engine, in a case where an internal combustion engine is in a high load operating state while a PM trapping ability forcible recovery process for a particulate filter is being performed, EGR gas is caused to flow back from a portion downstream of the particulate filter in an exhaust passage to a portion upstream of a compressor housing in an intake passage, whereby the EGR gas is cooled by an intercooler. In a case where the internal combustion engine is in a low load operating state while the PM trapping ability forcible recovery process is being performed, the EGR gas is caused to flow back from the portion downstream of the particulate filter in the exhaust passage to a portion downstream of the intercooler in the intake passage, whereby the EGR gas is prevented from being unnecessarily cooled.

Abstract: A method for operating an international combustion engine, the engine also includes a first cylinder, a second cylinder, an exhaust system, and a fuel cell in the exhaust system. The method comprises operating the first cylinder lean to provide air to the fuel cell during at least one condition; and operating the second cylinder rich or stoichiometric to provide torque output and fuel to the fuel cell.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling an exhaust temperature for an internal combustion engine at idle and light load conditions is disclosed. The method and system comprise determining a desired range of fuel consumption within the internal combustion engine to meet a desired exhaust temperature. The method and system further comprise controlling the fuel consumption to fall within the range. Control strategies to elevate exhaust temperature at idle or light load conditions are disclosed. These strategies allow for exhaust temperatures for aftertreatment regeneration to be reached.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling an exhaust temperature for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The method and system comprise determining a range of acceptable charge flows within the internal combustion engine to meet a desired exhaust temperature. The method and system further comprise controlling the charge flows to fall within the range. Control strategies to utilize the charge flow as a lever to control turbine outlet temperature are disclosed. These strategies utilize the inversion of the cylinder outlet temperature virtual sensor as well as a new turbine outlet temperature virtual sensor to determine the charge flow required to achieve the desired turbine outlet temperature given the current turbine inlet and outlet pressure, SOI, charge pressure, charge temperature, fueling, and engine speed.

Abstract: In a method and device for mixture control for an internal combustion engine having at least one catalytic converter disposed in an exhaust system of the internal combustion engine and a ?-closed-loop control, a value being ascertained for the loading of the catalytic converter with oxygen and the mixture being changed as a function of the ascertained value, a first mixture change is made in the direction of rich exhaust gas when the ascertained value of the oxygen loading has increased by more than a first predefined measure within a predetermined time span and/or after throughput of a predetermined quantity of exhaust-gas mass; and/or a second mixture change is made in the direction of lean exhaust gas when the ascertained value of the oxygen loading has dropped by more than a second predefined measure within a predetermined time span and/or after throughput of a predetermined quantity of exhaust-gas mass.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for controlling an internal combustion engine with a motor control system that adjusts the exhaust-gas temperature by influencing the air-fuel mixture. Said motor control system has a temperature model so as to determine a preset temperature for a component in the exhaust manifold, which is achieved after a longer period of time while maintaining current operating and driving conditions. The motor control system regulates the exhaust-gas temperature depending on the preset temperature for the purpose of component protection.

Abstract: A liquid reducing agent of a necessary amount according to an engine operating condition is injection-supplied from a nozzle having an injection hole opening to inside an exhaust gas passage, positioned on an exhaust gas upstream side of a nitrogen oxide reduction catalyst. On the other hand, when an injection flow rate of the liquid reducing agent becomes zero, compressed air stored in a purge air tank is supplied into the nozzle for a predetermined time. Thus, the liquid reducing agent remaining in the nozzle is forcibly discharged by the compressed air, and hence even if the nozzle is at a high temperature due to the exhaust heat, a situation where reducing agent constituents are deposited does not occur, and clogging of the inside of the nozzle can be prevented.

Abstract: In an arrangement for the dosed injection of a reducing agent into the exhaust tract of an internal combustion engine, comprising a pump for the pulsed pumping of the reducing agent and an atomizing injection nozzle disposed in the exhaust tract of the internal combustion engine, the injection nozzle includes a valve element which opens and closes the injection nozzle depending on the pressure generated by the pump and permits the injection of the reducing agent into the exhaust tract only when the pressure of the reducing agent is in excess of a certain value in order to ensure proper atomization of any reducing agent injected into the exhaust tract.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising an internal combustion engine, an exhaust system for conducting exhaust emitted by the engine, and a catalytic device associated with the exhaust system is disclosed, wherein the catalytic device comprises a catalytic conversion portion and a fuel cell portion.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising an internal combustion engine, an exhaust system for conducting exhaust emitted by the engine, and a catalytic device associated with the exhaust system is disclosed, wherein the catalytic device comprises a catalytic conversion portion and a fuel cell portion disposed within an interior of the catalytic device, wherein the fuel cell portion comprises a first electrode and a second electrode configured to be in contact with exhaust gases in the interior of the catalytic device, the first electrode being disposed downstream of the second electrode in a direction of exhaust flow.

Abstract: A combination exhaust manifold and catalytic converter wherein the catalytic converter is in the form of a removable and replaceable cartridge mounted within an opening of an exhaust manifold. This cartridge is supported within the opening of the exhaust manifold by sealing rings and retained within the opening by a removable fastener element.

Abstract: An object separating apparatus using gas comprising a hollow housing of which closed end is connected to a first object and the other end is opened, a cylinder movably installed at an inner space of the housing in an axial direction of the housing, a piston assembly coupled to the cylinder at the inner space and connected to a second object at an outer end thereof where is exposed to the outside of the housing, a fixing portion disposed between the housing and the cylinder and the piston assembly to fix the cylinder and the piston assembly into the housing, and a gas generator mounted in the housing to be communicated with the inner space, wherein when the gas generator is operated, the gas generator pressurizes the cylinder to thus release the fixed state between the cylinder and the piston assembly by the fixing portion and simultaneously to separate the cylinder and the piston assembly from the housing, whereby a simple construction can be achieved and the first and second objects can effectively be separa

Abstract: A hydraulic system for a work machine is provided. The hydraulic regeneration system has a tank, a primary source, a first actuator, an accumulator, and a first valve mechanism. The tank is configured to hold a supply of fluid. The primary source is configured to pressurize the fluid and has a suction inlet and a discharge outlet. The first actuator is configured to receive pressurized fluid from the discharge outlet of the primary source. The accumulator is in fluid communication with the tank, the suction inlet of the primary source, and the first actuator. The first valve mechanism is disposed between the suction inlet of the primary source and the accumulator, and is movable between a first position at which fluid returning from the first actuator is directed to the suction inlet of the primary source, and a second position at which fluid returning from the first actuator is directed to only the accumulator.

Abstract: A flywheel 2 and an HST unit 5 are accommodated in a flywheel housing 13 of a working vehicle, the HST unit 5 comprising an oil hydraulic motor 9, an oil hydraulic pump 10, an oil hydraulic circuit block 17 containing an oil hydraulic circuit therein and supporting one end of an oil hydraulic motor shaft and one end of an oil hydraulic pump shaft, and a cover housing 18 secured to the oil hydraulic circuit block to cover the oil hydraulic motor and the oil hydraulic pump and support the other end of the oil hydraulic motor shaft and the other end of the oil hydraulic pump shaft; the oil hydraulic circuit block 17 being secured to an intermediate housing connected to the flywheel housing 13.

Abstract: A hydraulic transaxle comprises: an axle; a hydraulic pump driven by a prime mover; a hydraulic motor fluidly connected to the hydraulic pump so as to drive the axle; a bypass fluid circuit bypassing between suction and delivery ports of the hydraulic motor; a bypass valve provided in the bypass fluid circuit; a bypass operation device for selectively opening or closing the bypass valve; and a reset mechanism for closing the opened bypass valve.

Abstract: The invention relates to an exhaust-gas turbocharger (1) for an internal combustion engine, said turbocharger comprising a device (26) for detecting the speed of the turbocharger shaft (5). The device (26) for detecting the speed comprises an element (21) for varying a magnetic field, which is located on and/or in the end (10) of the turbocharger shaft (5) that is on the compressor side, said variation of the magnetic field (25) taking place in accordance with the rotation of the turbocharger shaft (5). A sensor element (19) is provided in the vicinity of the element (21) for varying the magnetic field (25), said sensor element detecting the variation in the magnetic field and converting it into electric signals that can be evaluated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for optimizing engine braking in a drive unit, particularly used for motor vehicles, comprising an internal combustion engine consisting of a crankshaft, and an exhaust gas turbine which is connected to a crankshaft via a transfer device. A hydrodynamic coupling is arranged in the transfer device.

Abstract: A thermo-driven engine includes cylinders and at least one hydraulic motor. Each cylinder contains an air chamber and a hydraulic chamber therein. A piston is disposed between both chambers. The air chamber is intermittently heated to create pressure difference in the air chamber of the cylinder to force the piston moving to the hydraulic chamber, thus to drive the hydraulic motor for continuously generating power.

Abstract: The thermal hydro-machine on hot gas with recirculation (FIGS. 3, 4 and 5) belongs to the group of multi-cylinder piston rotational machines for converting the heat into the mechanical work. The heat is conducted to on the outer side of one part of rotational tubular heat exchanger (1) and is simultaneously conducted away from the other part of same exchanger (1). The exchanger is composed of a set of independent segment collectors (1) arranged in the form of a cylindrical shell, made pair wise with a set of independent segment cylinders with free pistons (2) in which there is the independent gas under pressure. In collectors (1) and cylinders (2) the independent working gas accomplishes a set of simultaneous, successively repeating, thermodynamic cycles (FIGS. 1 and 2), which states are determined by the position with respect to the heat source or cooled space, where the isothermal expansion and compression are predominant.

Abstract: A nozzle system includes a multitude of circumferentially distributed divergent seals that circumscribe an engine centerline. Each divergent seal includes an interface between a forward seal bridge bracket and an aft seal bridge bracket with a forward bridge support and an aft bridge support which provides axial and radial support for the divergent seals between adjacent divergent flaps. A divergent-convergent seal joint structure includes a horn and a fork. By having the forward bridge bracket retain the divergent seal in the axial direction, there is no need for axial sliding of the divergent seal relative to the divergent flap. The joint structure provides circumferential support as the axial and radial support are provided by the bridge-bracket interface.

Abstract: A method for operating a pulse detonation engine, wherein the method includes channeling air flow from a pulse detonation combustor into a flow mixer having an inlet portion, an outlet portion, and a body portion extending therebetween. The method also includes channeling ambient air past the flow mixer and mixing the air flow discharged from the pulse detonation combustor with the ambient air flow such that a combined flow is generated from the flow mixer that has less flow variations than the air flow discharged from the pulse detonation combustor.

Abstract: A system and method to reduce the gas fuel supply pressure requirements of a gas turbine, which results in an increased operability range and a reduction in gas turbine trips. According to the method, the gas turbine is allowed to start and operate at supply pressures determined as a function of ambient conditions and gas turbine compressor pressure ratio. This increases the operability window, and reduces or eliminates the need for gas fuel compressors.

Abstract: Annular combustion chamber of a turbomachine, including an inner wall, an outer wall (28) and a chamber bottom (30) arranged between said walls in the upstream region of said chamber, in which the chamber bottom (30) is divided into several adjacent sectors (130), each sector being attached to said walls (28), these sectors (130) presenting lateral edges such that the lateral edges (130a, 130b) of two adjacent sectors overlap. More precisely, each sector (130) includes a lip (60) extending along one of its lateral edges (130a), this lip projecting relative to one of the faces of this sector and covering the lateral edge (130b) of the adjacent sector.

Abstract: Annular combustion chamber (24) of a turbomachine, including an inner wall, an outer wall (28), a chamber bottom (30) disposed between said walls in the upstream region of said chamber, and two attachment flanges (27, 29) disposed downstream of the chamber bottom and respectively enabling said walls to be attached to other parts of the turbomachine, each wall being divided into several adjacent sectors (128) and each sector being attached to the chamber bottom and to one of the attachment flanges. Advantageously, said adjacent sectors (128) overlap at their lateral edges and there exists a degree of radial play between two adjacent sectors. In addition, the lateral edges (128a, 128b) of the sectors (128) are inclined circumferentially relative to the principal axis of the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A device for transporting heat from a cold reservoir to a warm reservoir, in which at least two cyclic processes are employed for transporting heat thereby absorbing work, of which at least one is a regenerative cyclic process, and at least one is a magnetocaloric cyclic process, wherein the regenerative cyclic process has a working fluid and a heat storage medium, is characterized in that the heat storage medium of the regenerative cyclic process comprises a magnetocaloric material for the magnetocaloric cyclic process, wherein the magnetocaloric material is in a regenerator area with a cold end and a warm end, the working fluid of the regenerative cyclic process additionally serving as a heat transfer fluid for the magnetocaloric cyclic process. This produces a compact device with low apparative expense, wherein the power density and also the efficiency of the device are increased. The device may advantageously be used for cooling a superconducting magnet configuration.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cooling apparatus having a cooling structure that comprises at least one surface area for introducing heat, and a cooling member that is connected to the cooling structure in a heat-conducting manner, wherein the cooling member is moveable so as to generate an air flow by means of the movement of the cooling member, the air flow supporting heat emission from the cooling member to the environment.

Abstract: A refrigerant gas recycling apparatus for cryogenic cooling device has a first gas storage unit for temporarily storing refrigerant gas discharged from the cryogenic cooling device, a compressor for compressing refrigerant gas stored in the first storage unit, and a second gas storage unit for storing therein refrigerant gas compressed by the compressor and selectively re-supplying compressed refrigerant gas to the cryogenic cooling device using a pressure difference between compressed refrigerant gas and inside of the cooling device. Refrigerant gas discharged from the cryogenic cooling device is compressed and stored in reduced volume, and stored refrigerant gas is re-supplied to the cryogenic cooling device without a separate driving source.

Abstract: A method of cold recovery in a cold compressed natural gas cycle, the method comprising: compressing air; drying air; heat exchanging air with cold compressed natural gas from a storage vessel, in a first heat exchanger, thereby forming cooled air; heat exchanging the cooled air with liquid methane, in a second heat exchanger, such that the cooled air becomes liquid air and the liquid methane becomes methane; heat exchanging the liquid air with natural gas from a pipeline, in a third heat exchanger, such that the natural gas cools to a cold compressed natural gas and the liquid air becomes air in a gaseous state; discharging the air in a gaseous state.

Abstract: Methods and systems for transportation and processing of a cryogenic fluid. The system includes a floating liquefaction unit receiving a gas from a source, a shuttle vessel for carrying liquefied gas away from the liquefaction unit, a floating regasification unit for receiving the liquefied gas from the vessel, regasifying the liquefied gas and providing the gas to a distribution system.

Abstract: An apparatus for vaporizing a cryogenic fluid comprises a heat transfer fluid closed circulation loop at least partially defined by an ambient air heat exchanger, a heater, and a vaporizer. The heat exchanger is configured to direct air downward across a plurality of heat exchanger tubes. A cryogenic fluid flows through the vaporizer. The plurality of tubes comprise a first tube having a first fin of a height, h1, and a second tube spaced adjacent the first tube, where the second tube has a second fin of a height, h2, wherein h2 is different from h1.

Abstract: The inventive cryogenic fluid pumping system comprises at least one cryogenic fluid tank (8a, 8b), a cryogenic pump (18) having an input friction loss (NPSH) and a suction line (23a, 23b) connecting said tank (8a, 8b) to said pump (18). According to the invention, the pumping system comprises pressure control means for maintaining pressure in the suction line (23a, 23b) in such a way that said pressure is equal to or higher than an increased cryogenic fluid saturation pressure and the input friction loss (NPSH) of the cryogenic pump (18). Said invention can be used for pumping low-dense cryogenic fluids.

Abstract: Methods of inducing nucleation of a material is provided. The disclosed methods comprise the steps of bringing the material to a temperature near or below a phase transition temperature and altering the pressure to induce nucleation of the material. The disclosed methods are useful in freeze-drying processes, particularly pharmaceutical freeze-drying processes.

Abstract: A refrigeration system is provided that includes a low voltage control circuit, a high voltage control circuit, a refrigeration system component, a contactor, a plurality of detection points, and a diagnostic device. The contactor is controlled by the low voltage control circuit to apply supply voltage from the high voltage control circuit to the refrigeration system component. The detection points are serially positioned with respect to one another within the low voltage control circuit and/or the high voltage control circuit. The diagnostic device has a plurality of indicator lights, where each indicator light is in electrical communication with a different one of the plurality of detection points.

Abstract: A refrigeration system including a compressor, condenser, valve, and refrigeration branch, all of which is in fluid communication. The refrigeration branch includes an evaporator coil. The refrigeration system further includes a case adapted to be cooled by the evaporator coil, and a system controller operable to control one or more aspects of the refrigeration system, and a subsystem controller in communication with the system controller. The subsystem controller is operable to control a subsystem having one of the compressor, condenser, valve, refrigeration branch, and case. The method of operating the refrigeration system includes at the subsystem controller, monitoring a parameter of the subsystem, comparing the monitored parameter with a parameter limit, generating an alarm when the parameter is not within the parameter limit, and communicating the alarm to the system controller.

Abstract: An icemaker system provided in a refrigerator is designed to reduce an amount of time required to produce ice. The refrigerator includes a refrigeration system including a number of refrigeration components and a refrigeration loop. The refrigeration loop includes an icemaker section that carries a flow of refrigerant to an ice mold portion of the icemaker system and a bypass section that isolates the icemaker system from the flow of refrigerant. A control system automatically activates the icemaker system regardless of a need for cooling. That is, upon sensing a demand for ice, the control system opens a valve to cause refrigerant to flow through the icemaker section and activates the refrigeration components to speed ice production whether or not additional cooling is required in fresh food and/or freezer compartments.

Abstract: A device for sensing a level of ice stored in a bin of an automatic ice maker includes a bail arm and an actuator mechanism. The actuator mechanism is constituted by a shape memory alloy that, upon application of a voltage, contracts to move the bail arm to a raised position prior to initiation of an ice harvest cycle. After completion of the ice harvest cycle, the voltage is discontinued, allowing the shape memory alloy to relax, causing the bail arm to return to a lowered position. The bail arm includes a sensing member that extends into the bin and, depending upon the level of ice, prevents the bail arm from contacting a sensing switch, temporarily halting ice production.

Abstract: A refrigerant flow-amount controlling device for an ejector refrigerant cycle system includes an ejector having a nozzle for decompressing refrigerant of a first stream of a branch portion, a first evaporator for evaporating refrigerant flowing out of the ejector, a throttle member for decompressing refrigerant of a second stream of the branch portion, a second evaporator disposed downstream of the throttle member and upstream of a refrigerant suction portion of the ejector, and an adjusting mechanism having a temperature-sensitive deformation member that is deformed in accordance with a variation in a refrigerant temperature of the cycle system to adjust one refrigerant passage area of the nozzle portion and the throttle means. The adjusting mechanism can be provided to adjust a flow ratio of a refrigerant amount decompressed by the nozzle portion of the ejector and a refrigerant amount drawn into the refrigerant suction port of the ejector.

Abstract: The efficiency of a dual drive compressor for an air conditioner in a hybrid vehicle having an internal combustion engine and an electric motor is enhanced by calculating compressor load for the air conditioner and then determining allowable engine-off time for the internal combustion engine. Once the engine is turned off, a time counter is started. The engine is thereafter turned on once the time counter indicates that an allowable engine-off time has elapsed. During the cycle, the engine is forced to remain on until minimum “engine-on” time has elapsed. The A/C compressor load is calculated using compressor capacity, engine speed, and/or air conditioner high pressure as input parameters.