Abstract: One divided signal divided into two by a dividing circuit is inputted to a gate of a source grounded FET through a first matching circuit. In a drain of the FET, a second harmonic having a phase and an amplitude in accordance with an impedance of the first matching circuit is generated and extracted in a band pass filter and then the amplitude is adjusted in an attenuation circuit to input to an addition circuit through a second matching circuit. In the addition circuit, the output of the second matching circuit is added to another divided signal of the dividing circuit and inputted to a power amplifier. The impedance in the first matching circuit affecting the phase of the second harmonic generated from the FET is set so that a distortion component generated in the power amplifier is compensated for by the second harmonic inputted in the addition circuit.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) generator comprises a first half bridge including first and second power transistors; a second half bridge including first and second power transistors; an output node coupling the first and second half bridges and RF signals to a load; positive and negative rails coupled to an AC power source via rectifier; a first blocking capacitor provided between the positive rail and the load; and a second blocking capacitor provided between the negative rail and the load. The first and second blocking capacitors are configured to isolate the load from the AC power source.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) generator comprises a first half bridge including first and second power transistors; a second half bridge including first and second power transistors; an output node coupling the first and second half bridges and RF signals to a load; positive and negative rails coupled to a power source; a first blocking capacitor provided between the positive rail and the load; a second blocking capacitor provided between the negative rail and the load; and an offline rectification circuit configured receive an alternating current (AC) from an AC power source and output a direct current (DC) to the first and second bridges, wherein the first and second blocking capacitors are configured to isolate the load from the AC power source.

Abstract: A low noise AC coupled amplifier having transistors sharing bias currents, and having a low band-pass corner frequency and consuming low power. The amplifier may be used in a magneto-resistive (MR) preamplifier to amplify a response from a MR sensor. Bipolar and MOS transistors are used in the front end, utilizing the advantages of each transistor type to achieve low noise as well as low band-pass corner. The amplifier has a modified structure achieving lower power by using a PNP transistor instead of an NPN transistor.

Abstract: The present invention provides a differentially driven monolithic inductor circuit having a shield differentially driven by phase shift buffers and a single-ended monolithic inductor circuit having single-ended shields driven by phase shift buffers, both inductor circuit types providing high Quality factor (Q) at operating frequencies in the multi-GHz range and circuits incorporating the same.

Abstract: A differential amplifier is configured in a cascode configuration that includes input transistors that are connected to corresponding cascode transistors. The gates of the cascode transistors are tied together to form a common bias for the cascode devices. The input transistors of the differential amplifier receive a differential input signal that is amplified and outputted to an output circuit that is connected to the cascode transistors. The cascode devices require a bias voltage for proper operation. Preferably, the bias voltage puts the cascode devices into the saturation region. The gates of cascode devices are coupled together and connected to a bias terminal. In embodiments of the invention, the bias terminal is connected to another terminal of the chip to provide the bias for the cascode devices.

Abstract: A differential amplifier circuit which amplifies a signal developed by a signal generating device when coupled between first and second input nodes and provides an amplified differential signal at first and second output nodes. First and second current sources source first and second current levels to the first input node and the first output node, respectively. First and second current sinks sink the first and second current levels from the second input node and the second output node, respectively. A first current amplifier controls current between the first output node and the second input node to maintain the second input node at a first bias voltage level. A second current amplifier controls current between the first input node and the second output node to maintain the first input node at a second bias voltage level. An optional feedback circuit senses a DC offset and adjusts current to compensate.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention includes an apparatus having a first amplifier stage to receive an input voltage and to provide an amplified output voltage at an output terminal, where the first amplifier stage is controlled by a first bias current. The apparatus may further include a second amplifier stage coupled to receive a control voltage and to provide an offset voltage to the output terminal, where the second amplifier stage is controlled by a second bias current. The first and second bias currents may be controlled by a single bias controller.

Abstract: A variable-impedance device is placed in parallel with the input to a variable-gain amplifier, and is controlled so as to provide a substantially constant load impedance to a source. Preferably, the variable-impedance device includes a diode with a variable bias current. This diode bias current is adjusted inversely with the amplifier bias current, such that the parallel sum of the two input path impedances remains approximately constant across a wide range of gain. This variable gain amplifier system is particularly well suited for use in a wireless transmitter, or cellular telephone.

Abstract: A predistorer configured for use with an RF power amplifier having an input loop configured to be coupled to the input of the RF power amplifier and peak control circuit. Such an input loop includes a look-up table containing predistortion values to be applied to an input signal, in response to the power in the input signal, for forming a predistorted input signal. The predistorter may further include an output loop, such an output loop configured to measure an intermodulation distortion product of the RF power amplifier output resulting from the predistorted input signal, and operable to update the predistortion values in the look-up table. Such a peak control circuit configured to select a power supply voltage for the RF power amplifier in response to the power in the input signal.

Abstract: A photoreceptor amplifier circuit comprises a differential amplifier circuit, which includes a differential transistor pair constituted of two transistors and active loads corresponding to said differential transistor pair, said differential amplifier circuit outputting a voltage according to an output current of a photoreceptor. The photoreceptor amplifier circuit further comprises a correcting current generation circuit for generating a correcting current based on a current difference between said two transistors and supplying the correcting current to said differential amplifier circuit.

Abstract: A method for cascading a first amplifier stage and a second amplifier stage includes coupling the output terminal of the first amplifier stage to the power supply reference point of the second amplifier stage, modulating the power supply reference point of the second amplifier stage using the output current of the first amplifier stage, and generating a final output voltage at the output terminal of the second amplifier stage having a first voltage value relative to the power supply reference point of the first amplifier stage. The first voltage value is the sum of the output voltage of the first amplifier stage relative to its own power supply reference point and the output voltage of the second amplifier stage relative to its own power supply reference point. In one embodiment, the power supply reference point is the ground reference of the power source in the amplifier stage.

Abstract: According to one exemplary embodiment, a frequency synthesizer module includes a loop filter, where the loop filter includes a capacitor having a first terminal and a second terminal. The frequency synthesizer module further includes a loop filter calibration module coupled to the capacitor in the loop filter. The loop filter calibration module causes an initial capacitance between the first terminal and the second terminal of the capacitor to increase to a target capacitance when the loop filter is in a calibration mode. The target capacitance can causes in increase in control of a bandwidth of the loop filter and a reduction in percent error of a unity gain bandwidth of the loop filter. The loop filter further includes a switched capacitor array configured to cause the initial capacitance to increase to the target capacitance in response to a digital feedback signal provided by the loop filter calibration module.

Abstract: An arrangement (100) and method for a high precision and low distortion digital delay line with infinite delay. The digital delay line has an oscillating ring (110) with an odd number of inverting elements that triggers a counter (120). A comparator (130) compares the counter and the MSB of a given delay word. A line of inverters (150–159), double the odd number in the ring oscillator, is connected to a MUX (160) controlled by the LSB of the delay word. This provides the advantages of: high resolution due to use of a small, basic component, self-delay ring oscillator; small silicon area due to use of a special decoding scheme use the rings number to produce large delays; and easy implementation as a digital block in an integrated circuit using a standard cells library to build the ring and the decoder.

Abstract: The present invention is based on the objective of constructing a PLL as arbitrary frequency generator for frequency multiplication purposes without utilizing a VCO. The invention shows a solution which can be realized with a pure digital circuit which can be easily integrated on a chip. In digital oscillators, the frequency can be changed, by changing over the number of time-delay elements. It is also possible to realize very slight frequency changes per switching stage by changing over between different elements with very similar delay times. In addition, a pulse-width modulator is utilized that periodically changes over between two or more of these stages and consequently different frequencies. Furthermore a PLL is introduced using such a frequency generator.

Abstract: A synchronous signal generator according to the present invention outputs a pulse with low jitter by setting the sine wave output of a crystal oscillator close to an ideal sine wave, and converting it into a pulse signal. By passing the sine wave output from the crystal oscillator of an oscillation frequency f through a filter unit having an equal center frequency f0, inputting output of a filter unit into a pulse converter, and converting the result into a pulse of a rectangular waveform, thereby obtaining an output signal. By configuring the filter unit by the crystal filter and setting it equal to the crystal oscillator in frequency-temperature characteristic, an output signal can be obtained with low jitter although the temperature changes.

Abstract: An apparatus provides a correction value for an oscillator. At least one parameter sensor measures a system parameter influencing the oscillator. A lookup table determines a cycle adjustment value based on the system parameter. A processor joined to the oscillator implements the cycle adjustment value to correct for oscillator variation. Cycle adjustment values can be computed in both whole cycles and partial cycles through accumulated error thresholding. The parameter sensor can be a temperature sensor, a voltage sensor or both kinds of sensors. The lookup table and processor can have additional terms to account for hysteresis in the oscillator.

Abstract: A VCO include a resonance tank circuit(A) and an amplification circuit(B) which oscillates and is amplified at a resonance frequency of the resonance tank circuit(A). The resonance tank circuit(A) is provided with a capacity band switching circuit(D) for varying an oscillation frequency band, and a current band switching circuit(E) for feeding an appropriate current, corresponding to each oscillation frequency band, to the amplification circuit(B). This allows expansion of the oscillation frequency variable range as well as realization of a favorable phase noise characteristic in a broad band by optimization of a current in each frequency band.

Abstract: Inductor topologies for filters used in broadband applications are described. In one implementation, an apparatus, such as an interface module includes a printed circuit board and a filter. The filter includes a generally circular high Quality factor (Q) value spiral planar inductor etched directly into the printed circuit board. The generally circular high Q value spiral planar inductor is configured to operate in a broadband application. Other implementations involve the use of decoupling structures with respect to the planar inductors as well as a design methodology for the filters.

Abstract: RF and microwave radiation directing or controlling components are provided that may be monolithic, that may be formed from a plurality of electrodeposition operations and/or from a plurality of deposited layers of material, that may include switches, inductors, antennae, transmission lines, filters, and/or other active or passive components. Components may include non-radiation-entry and non-radiation-exit channels that are useful in separating sacrificial materials from structural materials. Preferred formation processes use electrochemical fabrication techniques (e.g. including selective depositions, bulk depositions, etching operations and planarization operations) and post-deposition processes (e.g. selective etching operations and/or back filling operations).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for a monolithic device utilizing cascaded, switchable slow-wave CPW sections that are integrated along the length of a planar transmission line. The purpose of the switchable slow-wave CPW sections elements is to enable control of the propagation constant along the transmission line while maintaining a quasi-constant characteristic impedance. The device can be used to produce true time delay phase shifting components in which large amounts of time delay can be achieved without significant variation in the effective characteristic impedance of the transmission line, and thus also the input/output return loss of the component. Additionally, for a particular value of return loss, greater time delay per unit length can be achieved in comparison to tunable capacitance-only delay components.

Abstract: A paraelectric transmission line layer and a ferroelectric transmission line layer are laminated through a ground conductor, and plural phase shifters, which are connected via through holes that pass through the ground conductor, are disposed on both of the transmission line layers at some positions on a feeding line that branches off from the input terminal between all antenna terminals and an input terminal to which a high-frequency power is applied. In addition, loss elements each having the same transmission loss amount as the phase shifter, or the phase shifters are disposed so that transmission loss amounts from all of the antenna terminals to the input terminal are equalized. Accordingly, an antenna control unit which can be manufactured in fewer manufacturing processes and has a pointed beam and a large beam tilt amount, and a phased-array antenna that employs such an antenna control unit are provided.

Abstract: A tunable wideband bandpass filter that can digitally vary the center frequency and bandwidth of a signal to be filtered, and includes a plurality of switched-capacitor banks for varying capacitance and converting the center frequency and bandwidth into a digital signal, and a plurality of inductors provided for inductance to generate the center frequency, the plurality of switched-capacitor banks that may be integrated into a signal chip.

Abstract: A substrate having a microstrip line structure is provided comprising a trench provided at least in one main surface of a base body constituting the substrate having an inner surface geometry of an unbent curved surface and corresponding to the pattern of the microstrip line; a laminate film having a ground conductive layer and an insulating layer formed along the inner surface geometry of the trench; and a signal line layer constituting the microstrip line formed on the laminate film; where the signal line layer has a configuration separated for each trench.

Abstract: Disclosed is a control switch system for a vehicle, using a jog shuttle, by which a driver can rapidly and correctly select and control operation of a sound system in the vehicle even during driving of the vehicle. Since the control switch system uses simple members such as springs and metal balls, the cost of the vehicle decreases.

Abstract: The invention proposes an electrical service device, in particular line circuit breaker or motor circuit breaker, having a housing having connection means (20, 21) for the purpose of connecting busbars and/or connection lines on at least one end side, having at least one switching contact having a fixed and a movable switching contact piece, an arc (6) being produced in an arc prechamber area (5) between said fixed and movable switching contact pieces in the event of a disconnection, said arc entering a current-limiting arc-quenching device (7) via arc guide rails. Prechamber plates (9, 12) are arranged in the region of the arc prechamber area (5), return-flow channels (10, 13) being formed by said prechamber plates (9, 12) from the arc-quenching device (7) to the arc prechamber area (5) between the housing wall (2) and the prechamber plates (9, 12).

Abstract: A reed switch apparatus utilizes one or more reed switches to communicate with one or more devices. In one configuration, the reed switch apparatus utilizes a single magnetic field to simultaneously activate two or more reed switches. In another configuration, two or more reed switches, each acting independent of one another are simultaneously activated by a single magnetic field. Additionally, a method of controlling at least two devices includes exposing a reed switch apparatus to a single magnetic field. Yet another method includes a activating a device via the use of a single reed switch mounted to a portion of a warehouse structure.

Abstract: The invention is comprised of a coil group arranging a plurality of terminal-integrated type coils (1), (4) formed by bending a metal sheet in a preset development form and having a predetermined positional relationship, and a magnetic material (7) burying therein the coil group. For example, axes of the plurality of coils (1), (4) constituting the coil group, are arranged in parallel wherein the center point of at least one coil selected from the plurality of coils (1), (4) and the center point of a coil other than the selected coil are in an staggered arrangement. Due to this, an array type choke coil can be realized which is thin overall and operable with a large current in a high frequency band.

Abstract: A switchable inductance that can be formed in an integrated circuit, including a spiral interrupted between two first points connected to two terminals via two metallizations running one above the other, one of the two metallizations being deformable; a hollowing between the two metallizations; and a switching device capable of deforming the deformable metallization to separate or to put in contact said two metallizations.

Abstract: A magnetic element including coils; a first core and a second core each of which has a planar plate portion, outer leg portions and a middle leg portion which is inserted into aforesaid coil; and an intermediate core to form a closed magnetic circuit which is disposed between the aforesaid first core and the aforesaid second core in a manner connecting integrally with the aforesaid first core and aforesaid second core. In addition, the magnetic element is made into a configuration that has relations of S1?S3 and also S1?S2 when a cross-sectional area of the middle leg portion of the aforesaid first core is S1, a cross-sectional area of the aforesaid intermediate core is S2 and a cross-sectional area of the middle leg portion of the aforesaid second core is S3.

Abstract: An energy storage coil comprises a core having an electrical conductor wound thereabout in a plurality of turns. The turns define a main zone and at least one first auxiliary zone extending along the core. The main zone has a first end and a second end. The turns in the main zone overlie one another. The first auxiliary zone is arranged adjacent to the first end of the main zone. The turns in the first auxiliary zone are arranged to provide the first auxiliary zone with lower parasitic capacitance from turn to turn than the main zone.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to control systems and provides a run time configurable control system for selecting and operating one of a plurality of operating room devices from a single input source, the system comprising a master controller having a voice control interface and means for routing control signals. The system additionally may include a plurality of slave controllers to provide expandability of the system. Also, the system includes output means for generating messages to the user relating to the status of the control system in general and to the status of devices connected thereto.

Abstract: A keyless entry device includes: a transmitter which includes an operating section relating to a door lock state for transmitting a door operation information and a specific identifying information based on an operating state of the operating section; and a receiving unit for outputting a signal to a door lock device based on the transmitted door operation information when the specific identifying information transmitted coincides with a registered identifying information stored previously; wherein a plurality of pieces of partial informations obtained by dividing the registered identifying information are sequentially received by the receiving unit to permit the information to be stored in the receiving unit.

Abstract: A radio frequency identification transponder includes a power supply and a dynamic memory array that stores data. When power from the power supply ceases, the data in the dynamic memory array is validly maintained for a predetermined period of time. The dynamic memory array is responsive to an interrogating signal for selectively updating the data. A radio frequency identification transponder includes a signal processor that extracts an identifier from the interrogation signal and is responsive to the identifier and the stored data to determine whether some or all of the identifier is stored in the dynamic memory array.

Abstract: A signal device for attracting the attention of a service provider. The signal device has a body with a tapered base adapted to fit into a neck of a bottle and a slot in a lower end of the base for balancing the signal device on a rim of a drinking vessel. An intermittent light source is provided in the top of the body.

Abstract: A system and method displays a safe route from a location to a destination that avoids one or more hazards detected, such as a fire or a gas leak.

Abstract: A system that includes low voltage power line subnet coupler that provides bi-directional communications between multiple power line subnets while substantially preventing the flow of power is provided. The system may include a power line communications device coupled to a first LV power line subnet, and a low voltage power line subnet coupler providing a data communications path between the first low voltage power line subnet and a second low voltage power line subnet. Additionally, some embodiments include a low voltage repeater communicatively coupled to the second LV power line subnet.

Abstract: According to one embodiment of a passive infrared sensor, a passive infrared sensor 1 where an infrared sensing element 5 and an optical system 4 that sets a detection area A1 of the infrared sensing element 5 are covered with a cover 2. The passive infrared sensor 1 includes: a light emitting element 6 that emits infrared light from the inside of the cover 2 to the outside through the optical system 4; a reflective region 2b that is disposed outside the cover 2 and reflects at least some of the infrared light emitted from the light emitting element 6; and a light receiving element 7 that receives the infrared light reflected by the reflective region 2b, transmitted through the optical system 4 and reaching the inside of the cover 2.

Abstract: A motorcar burglar proof system comprised of a mechanism to lock up the steering wheel, an image retrieve device, and a built in control circuit; an IC chip integrated by the control circuit recording physical features of the genuine driver to compare with the image retrieved so to release the steering wheel if fits; if not, the steering wheel remaining to be locked up, the image being saved, and the alarm being activated to alert the parties concerned to respond in time.

Abstract: A device for determining the ability of a vehicle to pass obstacles is used to estimate whether a vehicle is able to pass between obstacles on the basis of the vehicle height and/or vehicle width.

Abstract: A collision warning system and method for a motor vehicle. A measuring device in the vehicle is provided for measuring the distance dx to a second vehicle traveling ahead, the distance signal being delivered to an evaluation device in the first vehicle. The evaluation device continuously calculates a deceleration asubject vehicle demand, which is applied by the vehicle after expiration of a driver reaction time Treaction in order that a remaining distance dxremaining to the second vehicle traveling ahead can be maintained. If asubject vehicle demand exceeds an instantaneous deceleration that can be achieved by an adaptive cruise control (“ACC”) system, a system limit warning is transmitted, prompting the vehicle driver to brake with additional appropriate force. If asubject vehicle demand exceeds an assumed vehicle deceleration that can be generated by braking on the part of the driver, a collision warning signal is transmitted independently of the ACC system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reinforcing the training received by an operator of a material handling vehicle to maintain the operator's feet and legs in the operator compartment includes a first and second photoelectric beam extending across the entry to the compartment. When a deadman brake is released and the vehicle is commanded to move or is actually moving, the detectors sense the presence of objects extending through the entry. When objects are sensed, a vehicle brake can be applied, a visual or audio sensor can be activated, or the detected fault can be stored in memory. The faults can be used by a supervisor to calculate an operator rating.

Abstract: A pressure detection sensor for detecting a tire internal air pressure and a wheel side communication device for transmitting a detection result of the pressure detection sensor using a preset transmission mode are provided on each wheel. The detection result from the pressure detection sensor is transmitted to an ECU via a vehicle body side communication device provided on a vehicle body. The ECU is able to notify a transmission mode determination device provided on each wheel that adjustment of the tire internal air pressure is being performed by manipulating a state of the tire internal air pressure. The transmission mode determination device determines a transmission mode to be used by the wheel side communication device such that a transmission frequency of a notification related to the occurrence of an abnormality of the wheel is reduced while adjustment of the tire internal air pressure is being performed.

Abstract: Sensorless fuel level and oil change indicators are provided in a range extender for an electric vehicle. The range extender includes an engine, and an electric generating device driven by the engine to generate electric power supplied to the vehicle. The fuel level is calculated based on the generated power. The oil change indicator indicates that the oil should be changed when the number of engine rotor revolutions exceeds a threshold value. The electric generating device may be a dynamoelectric machine coupled to the engine by a shaft to operate as a motor for starting the engine. In response to prescribed engine conditions, the dynamoelectric machine is switched to operate as a generator driven by the engine to generate the electric energy.

Abstract: A self-contained backup power source such as a battery is provided for components within an electrically powered device such as a storage controller, photocopier or the like, to maintain diagnostic status data and to power a service indicator aid, or diagnostic indicator, such as an LED. A switch selects the backup power source when a primary power source of the electrically powered device is no longer available to the component, such as when the component is removed from the electrically powered device, the primary power source is disconnected as a safety precaution when servicing or replacing the component, or a higher-level assembly, in which the component is provided, is removed from the electrically powered device. The diagnostic indicator may be powered separately from the data storage device.

Abstract: A method and system for displaying status indications from a communications network is provided. Alert identifiers are provided that identify a communications-network alert to be presented to a user on a display device. A set of presentation attributes desired to be displayed with the alert are provided, and a plurality of data structures from which the presentation attributes can be gathered is identified. The presentation attributes are retrieved from the plurality of data structures, and inputted into a single presentation data structure, which can be the sole object of a data query used to retrieve information to be presented in connection with the communications-network alert.

Abstract: A compact portable emergency aid apparatus provides audible CPR instructions in any one of a number of languages and site location of the emergency. A compact housing has a plurality of inputs and has visual and audio outputs and has a battery power supply located in the housing. A solid state memory chip, such as an EE prom, is used for digitally storing emergency instructions therein in multiple languages in a compressed format. A digital signal processor or DSP is coupled to the solid state memory chip for selecting and processing stored emergency instructions. The DSP decompresses the stored instructions and converts the instructions into an analog signal for applying it to an audio circuit. The audio circuit is connected to the audio output for receiving the retrieved audio instructions and producing them audibly through a speaker or earphone. An GPS receiver is coupled to a visual output for determining the location of an emergency.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention comprise systems and methods related to the provision of location based services via a mobile communications device. In different embodiments, a communication system is described, comprising a mobile communications device, a mobile communications base station, and a server computer system. The location of the device may be correlated with certain user preferences stored on the server computer system. In various embodiments, components of the larger system are described. In some cases, various location related mapping functions for a device are discussed. In other embodiments, systems and methods which provide for activities to be undertaken based on the location of a device are described. In still other embodiments, the disclosure addresses systems and methods of efficiently determining the location of a mobile device. In some embodiments, different notification schemes based on the location of a device and specified preferences are described.

Abstract: An intrusion detection technique involves: emitting a wireless signal within a container; detecting the wireless signal near the container; and responding to detection of a change in a characteristic of the detected wireless signal by transmitting a wireless notification to a location remote from the container. A different technique involves: responding to a determination that a condition representative of unauthorized intrusion is present while the container is stationary by transmitting a wireless notification; and responding to a determination that the container is moving by ignoring whether the condition is present. Yet another technique involves: monitoring whether a door of a container is in a closed position; and emitting a wireless signal indicating whether the container door is in the closed position.

Abstract: Sign 1 has frame 13 attaching to base 9 and supporting character plates 4. Casing 11 attaches to frame 13 and holds character plates 4 against frame 13. Light assembly 15 and base 9 backlight character plates 4. Backlight is diffusion chamber 17 sidelit by light assembly 15. Casing 11 hides access to the mount and is not easily removable. Light assembly 15 is externally powered and is activated by external messages and by low ambient light. An Emergency Alarm message causes flashing in one color and intermittent activation of sound. For non-emergency, alternate light mode is used with constant sound. Transmitter 1501 transmits messages for the sign 1. The transmitter 1501 learns emergency telephone numbers for dial detection on a telephone line, in addition to standard emergency telephone number. Emergency button 1507 can begin transmission of emergency alarm message. Transmitter 1501 may have other alarm inputs.