Abstract: An engine control device responsive to a rider's accelerator operation. Throttle opening is controlled such that engine torque increases in response to an increase in accelerator displacement for all engine speeds. At least when the engine speed is in a low-speed range, the engine torque approximates a maximum torque value in the range in which the accelerator displacement is small, and thereafter the engine torque is controlled to gradually increase to the maximum toque value in response to an increase in the accelerator displacement. The accelerator displacement and the throttle opening that is set correspondingly to the accelerator displacement are stored in a storage means in advance as map data relative to each engine speed.

Abstract: An ignition timing control system for internal combustion engines, which is capable of preventing occurrence of variation in engine speed and vibrations which can be caused due to variation in combustion state between the cylinders, to thereby improve drivability. The ECU 2 of the ignition timing control system 1 calculates a statistically processed value Pmi_ls#i according to the in-cylinder pressure Pcyl#i, and calculates an averaging target value Piav_cmd by weighted averaging of a minimum value Pmi_ls_min1 and a second minimum value Pmi_ls_min2 within a predetermined range of the statistically processed value.

Abstract: A variable valve mechanism (12a, 12b) varies a lift amount and an opening/closing timing of an intake valve (10) of an internal combustion engine (1). During a first period in an engine start operation, wall flow is suppressed by setting the lift amount of the intake valve (10) to be smaller so as to increase the intake air velocity. During a second period, which starts after the first period ends, the atomization of injected fuel is enhanced by increasing a valve overlap amount between the intake valve (10) and an exhaust valve (11) so as to promote blow-back of the combustion gas to an intake port (4). By sequentially applying a process for increasing the intake air velocity and a process for increasing the valve overlap amount, the emission of unburned hydrocarbon during the engine start is effectively reduced.

Abstract: A distributor for an internal combustion engine and associated methods comprise a camshaft having a drive gear thereon, a trigger disk positioned on the camshaft so as to rotate coaxially therewith, the trigger disk having a plurality of tabs defining a window between adjacent tabs, an optical sensor positioned relative to the trigger disk so that the plurality of tabs passes within sensor range as the trigger disk rotates on the camshaft, the sensor generating signals responsive to detection of the plurality of tabs, and a microprocessor operatively linked with the optical sensor and programmed with one or more ignition curves providing predetermined rates of ignition advance responsive to signals from the optical sensor.

Abstract: In collecting fuel pressure data in a common rail 2 during engine operation, the common rail fuel pressure is detected each time a crank shaft rotates 6°, and the common rail fuel pressure is stored in storage means 12 by associating the common rail fuel pressure with a cylinder number and a crank angle for tabulation, thus providing improved detection data accuracy.

Abstract: A fuel injection system of an internal combustion engine has, depending on the number of cylinders, at least one local pump element, assigned to each injector, of a unit fuel injector or a pump-line-nozzle system for compressing the fuel. The injector and/or the supply line to the injector form a local pressure reservoir chamber.

Abstract: A fuel pressure relief system in an engine fuel system having a fuel line is shown. In one example, the system has a pressure relief valve in the fuel line; and a pressure relief assembly coupled to the relief valve, the assembly having an accumulator in communication with the engine side of the fuel line at least during engine off conditions.

Abstract: A fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine, having two valve elements each having a hydraulic control surface acting in the closing direction and associated with a hydraulic control chamber. A control valve influences the pressure in the control chamber, and loading devices act on the valve elements in the opening direction. The valve elements react at different hydraulic opening pressures prevailing in the control chamber. The control valve is able to set at least three different pressure levels in the control chamber: all of the valve elements are closed at a comparatively high pressure level; one valve element is open at a medium pressure level; and all of the valve elements are open at a comparatively low pressure level.

Abstract: A fuel injection control device for a more stable carburetion condition by setting an adequate fuel injection prohibition period at the start of an internal combustion engine. A fuel injection control device includes an injection switch which selectively switches among simultaneous injection which is performed after start of cranking in an engine until determination of a crank reference position, group injection which is performed after determination of a crank reference position until completion of stroke identification, and sequential injection which is performed after completion of stroke identification. The maximum period from simultaneous injection, after start of cranking, until simultaneously injected fuel is sucked into all cylinders #1 to #4 is set as an injection prohibition period t.

Abstract: Known fuel injectors have a valve housing in which an actuator and an hydraulic coupler are arranged, an electrical plug being provided on the valve housing for contact with a voltage source. The cables running from the plug to the actuator must be guided around the coupler to the actuator. It is disadvantageous that the compensating movements put heavy mechanical stress on the cables, so that a cable fracture as a result of material fatigue occurs after a predefined service life of the fuel injector, or that the solder or welding points of the cables tear. This leads to malfunctioning of the fuel injector. In the present fuel injector, the service life is increased by the provision of connections without cables. The earth pole of the actuator is electrically connected to the ground terminal of the plug in a cable-less manner, and the positive pole of the actuator is electrically connected to the positive terminal in a cable-less manner.

Abstract: An evaporative emissions control system for small internal combustion engines, including a charcoal canister which is in fluid communication with the air space above the liquid fuel within the carburetor of the engine and the air space above the liquid fuel within the fuel tank of the engine. The charcoal canister contains charcoal media, and when the engine is not running, fuel vapors from the carburetor and the fuel tank migrate to, and are trapped within, the charcoal media of the charcoal canister. The charcoal canister may comprise a separate component, or may be integrally formed with an engine component such as the air cleaner, the carburetor, or the body of the fuel tank, for example. During running of the engine, vacuum within the carburetor induces a flow of atmospheric air through the charcoal canister to purge the collected fuel vapors from the charcoal media, and the fuel vapors pass into the engine for consumption.

Abstract: A fluid control valve has: a housing in which a fluid passage is formed; a valve seat in which a fluid flow hole is formed to be communicated with the fluid passage; and a valve that is formed from rubber elastic body. At least a part of the housing is formed from resin. The valve has a valve seal portion and is installed in the housing to be able to close the fluid flow hole. In a valve-closing time, the valve seal portion is seated on the valve seat. The valve seal portion is coated by a thin diamond-like carbon coating having hardness between Hv 50 and Hv 500 in Vickers hardness.

Abstract: A wildland fire truck engine emergency combustion oxygen supply apparatus for the prevention of stalling of the engine in an oxygen depleted environment. The apparatus has a storage tank mounted on the vehicle for the storage of oxygen, nitrous oxide, or air, a feed line fluidly connecting the storage tank to the engine air intake, a feed valve, and a manual or automated feed valve actuator.

Abstract: The ignition apparatus includes an electronic control unit and an igniter. The igniter detects ions resulting from ignition, and sends an ion current output signal to the electronic control unit. The igniter has a waveform shaping circuit and an ion current detecting/outputting circuit. The waveform shaping circuit is adapted such that a voltage at an input terminal thereof becomes higher than a predetermined reference voltage to turn the switching element ON when the ignition signal is caused to flow through an electric load. The ion current detecting/outputting circuit has an output terminal which is connected to the input terminal and outputs therefrom an ion current output signal obtained as a result of conversion of an ion current, and is adjusted such that the voltage at the input terminal at the time when the ion current output signal is outputted to the electronic control unit becomes lower than the reference voltage.

Abstract: A power-saving type of ignition apparatus is provided with a spark plug of which electrodes (30, 40) are regulated in their shapes to lower an amount of energy required for its ignition. To face to a tip (31) of a center electrode (30) extending from a mounting bracket (10), a cylindrical protrusion (41) is built on one surface (43) of an earth electrode (40). The protrusion extends toward the center electrode to form a discharge gap (50) between the protrusion and the tip of the center electrode. Both of the tip of the center electrode and the protrusion of the earth electrode are 2.3 [mm] or less in each diameter (D1, D2), thus an amount of energy required for ignition being limited to 17 [mJ] or less.

Abstract: A method and a device for controlling the exhaust gas recirculation in an internal-combustion engine are described herein. The engine is provided with an air-intake system, a gas-exhaust system, and an exhaust-gas-recirculation system. A linear oxygen sensor is arranged along the air-intake system in a section traversed, in use, by the air/recirculated-exhaust-gas mixture, for measuring the oxygen concentration in the mixture itself An electronic control unit is connected to the oxygen sensor and to the exhaust-gas-recirculation system for controlling the flow rate of recirculated exhaust gases on the basis of the oxygen concentration in the mixture taken in by the engine. In particular, the oxygen sensor is a UHEGO probe.

Abstract: A toy gun system for launching foam projectiles includes a primary gun having a pneumatic system, a launch station in flow communication with the pneumatic system, and first, second and third triggers, with the primary gun adapted to launch a projectile from the launch station in response to actuation of the first trigger. The primary gun includes first and second receiving areas, each with plungers or actuators responsive to trigger movement, with the first receiving area having an output port and valve in flow communication with the pneumatic system. A first detachable gun is sized for mounting to the first receiving area and has a pneumatic system arranged to receive pressurized air from the primary gun, and a second detachable gun is sized for mounting at the second receiving area. Each of the first and second detachable guns may be operated while attached to the primary gun, and may be selectively removable from the primary gun for use.

Abstract: An air gun including a slide, a barrel, a cylinder portion, a hit pin, a hollow valve pin chamber, a valve body, a gas supply port, a valve pin, a pressing section, a bullet feed nozzle link connected to a trigger; and a bullet feed nozzle.

Abstract: An atomizing nebulizer for dispensing a substance or medicament is described. The nebulizer is formed with a reservoir base releasably secured to an effluent vent cap that together capture a diffuser and integral dispersing baffle that are further formed with an uptake lumen or channel terminating with a nozzle jet. The diffuser dispersing baffle is positioned relative to the jet nozzle to optimize atomization of any of a number of such substances so as to maximize disbursement of the substance. The reservoir base also incorporates a pressurized fluid-accelerating inlet tube terminated with a metering orifice that cooperates with the nozzle jet when the inlet tube is received within the diffuser uptake lumen or channel.

Abstract: A pressure-assisted breathing system is provided that comprises: a pressure-generating circuit for maintaining a positive pressure within the system; a patient interface device coupled to a patient's respiratory system; a respiratory circuit for providing gas communication between the pressure-generating circuit and the patient interface device; means for introducing aerosol particles into the gas flow in the respiratory circuit; and means for discontinuing the introduction of aerosol particles into said respiratory circuit gas flow when the patient exhales. In one embodiment, a flow sensor is disposed in an auxiliary circuit in fluid communication with the respiratory circuit and electronically coupled with a nebulizer. The flow sensor is adapted to detect changes in the volumetric flow rate of gas in the auxiliary circuit when the patient exhales and stops exhaling and sends corresponding electronic signals to the nebulizer to turn off and turn on, respectively.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating a breathing disorder and, more particularly, a method and apparatus for providing a pressurized air flow to an airway of a patient to treat congestive heart failure in combination with Cheyne-Stokes respiration and/or sleep apnea or other breathing disorders. A positive airway pressure ventilator is utilized in combination with an algorithm that adjusts IPAP and EPAP in order to counter a Cheyne-Stokes breathing pattern. Cheyne-Stokes respiration is detected by monitoring a peak flow of the patient.

Abstract: A method and system for measuring airflow through nares. One exemplary embodiment comprises: measuring an attribute of an airflow through a first naris; measuring an attribute of an airflow through a second naris; wherein measuring the attribute of the airflow through the first naris is accomplished without blocking the second naris; and wherein measuring the attribute of the airflow through the second naris is accomplished without blocking the first naris.

Abstract: A kit that facilitates performance of a tracheostomy in emergency situations remote from an operating room. The kit includes a template guide for placement on a person on which the tracheostomy is to be performed to indicate the desired incision location, a cutting instrument configured for making an incision of a desired depth, and a breathing tube for placement into the incision.

Abstract: A device for sanding, buffing or grinding elongate objects includes a housing having a collar at one end and a rotatable sanding/buffing head rotatably mounted in the collar. The collar defines a cavity. A driveshaft is mounted to a motor in the housing for rotation of the driveshaft about an axis of rotation of the head upon actuation of the motor. A distal end of the driveshaft extends into the cavity in the collar. The sanding/buffing head may be cup-shaped and removably mounted or mountable into the collar on to the distal end of the driveshaft. The driveshaft rotates the cup within, and relative to, the collar upon the actuation of the motor. An abrasive is mounted to the annular inner surface of the cavity in the collar. The second end of the housing, opposite the first end, provides a handle for manual grasping and lifting by a user.

Abstract: A portable compact dental hygiene kit, comprising a cylindrical case threadably receiving a handle end on one end, a cap end on the opposite end of the case, a removable toothbrush with 360 degree bristles fitting the handle end and removably extending into a toothpaste reservoir within the case, a restrictor proximal to the toothpaste reservoir whereby toothbrush removal retains a metered dose of toothpaste upon the toothbrush, a removable spool of dental floss disposed within the cap end, a removable spool shaft retaining the spool, a floss outlet and cutter within the cap end.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an electronic device comprising the steps of: dry-etching a Ti-containing metal film formed on a substrate with a gas containing fluorine; and treating the substrate with a chemical solution containing fluorine ions after the dry etching step.

Abstract: A substrate treating apparatus for treating substrates includes a treating tank for receiving and treating the substrates, a holding device movable, while holding the substrates in a cantilever mode, between a treating position in the treating tank and a transfer position above the treating tank, a transport device for supporting the substrates and transferring the substrates to and from the holding device in the transfer position, a detecting device for detecting a posture variation of the holding device, and a correcting device for correcting a position of the holding device or the transport device. The correcting device performs a correction according to the posture variation of the holding device detected by the detecting device in time of transfer of the substrates between the holding device and the transport device.

Abstract: A device for liquid treatment of a defined area of a wafer-shaped article, especially of a wafer, near the edge, in which the liquid is applied to a first surface, flows essentially radially to the outside to the peripheral-side edge of the wafer-shaped article and around this edge onto the second surface, the liquid wetting a defined section near the edge on the second surface and thereupon being removed from the wafer-shaped article.

Abstract: The substrate processing apparatus is provided with a gas-liquid mixing nozzle for generating a process liquid mist by mixing a liquid and a pressurized gas, to discharge the process liquid mist to a substrate at high speeds. The liquid may be remover liquid, intermediate rinse liquid or deionized water. The reaction products which having been generated on the substrate in etching process is removed at high speeds with the flow of the mist, whereby the quality of the process is improved.

Abstract: Rack assembly in a dishwasher including a hollow main rack drawable from a washing chamber for placing tableware thereon, and a supplementary rack detachably, and shiftably mounted on an inside of the main rack, for placing the tableware therein, thereby permitting efficient use of the tableware receiving space because the supplementary rack is detachable from the main rack and a position of the supplementary rack can be shiftable within the main rack.

Abstract: Described are methods, systems, and chemistries for removing layers of stubborn silicon and silicon-nitride contamination layers from the inside surfaces of such articles as deposition tubes. In such embodiments, a tube to be cleaned is gently rolled on it side while a portion the tube's interior surface is exposed to an etchant. The tube is only partially filled with etchant to reduce the requisite etchant volume, and the rolling motion evenly exposes the contaminated inner surface to the etchant.

Abstract: A large scale cleaning plug (L) adaptable to be placed within an interior passageway (10) of a tubular system (14) includes a generally conically shaped element (C) having a first end (18) and an opposite second end (20). The width of the first end (18) fits within the tube (12). The width of the second end (20) may be less than the first end (18). Rigging (236) is connected to the first end (18) to secure the conical element (C). A nozzle assembly (220) is mounted with the second end of the conical element (20). The nozzle assembly (220) has a plurality of nozzle bodies (222) extending from a plate (226) preventing appreciable fluid flow through the conical element (C) and permitting a desired fluid flow through an exit opening (223) of the nozzle bodies (222).

Abstract: A shockwave cleaning apparatus cleans one or more surfaces within a vessel. A sensor senses one or more thermodynamic properties associated with the vessel. A control system is coupled to an initiator and a fuel/oxidizer source to control the firing of the apparatus responsive to input from the sensor.

Abstract: A method of constructing a water-resistant corner for a tent or other fabric structure, and the corner formed therefrom. A protective panel may be laid over a flooring material sheet, and the sheet and the protective panel are folded into a corner. The formed corner may then be turned inside out, so that the protective panel is located on the outside of the newly-formed corner. The protective panel thereby covers the outermost corner of the flooring, and the seam formed at that corner. An interior waterproof layer, such as a waterproof sealing tape, may be attached on the inside of the inverted corner to act as a further moisture barrier.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fluid flow prevention apparatus for a wet barrel fire hydrant which is simple and inexpensive to install and effectively cuts off water flow while reducing water hammer. The fluid flow apparatus includes an in-line valve member for closing a flow passageway connected to the hydrant that is operably movable from an open to closed position upon damage to the hydrant. An adjustable damping member controls the rate of closing of the valve member to reduce the effects of water hammer.

Abstract: A deadweight pressure standard provides improved measurement accuracy and repeatability. The standard includes a flow regulator having a first valve controlled by a first pair of non-hysteresis sylphons, and a supply regulator having a second valve controlled by a second pair of non-hysteresis sylphons. The first and second valves achieve an equilibrium state between the supply regulator and the flow regulator. The second valve regulates pressure generated by an applied pressure supply. A mass-to-pressure transducer transforms an applied gravitational force into a reference pressure regulated by the first valve. The center of pressure force on the first pair of non-hysteresis sylphons, and the center of pressure force on the first valve, are exerted along a first reference axis. The center of pressure force on the second pair of non-hysteresis sylphons, and the center of pressure force on the second valve, are exerted along a second reference axis.

Abstract: A manifold cabinet includes an enclosure having a back wall, a top wall, a pair of side walls, at least two partition walls, a center opening and at least two outside edge openings. The partition walls have a plurality of openings and are attached within the enclosure forming a larger central chamber sized to receive a manifold and two side chambers. The center opening provides access to the larger central chamber and each of the two outside edge openings provide access to one of the two side chambers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a valve device comprising a valve housing (2) with a first and a second flow channel (3a, 3b), and a first and second damper shaft (8a, 8b), which are rotatable relative to the valve housing (2). A first damper (7a) is arranged in the first flow channel (3a) fixed to the first damper shaft (8a) and a second damper (7b) is arranged in the second flow channel (3b) fixed to the second damper shaft (8b). A rotatable regulating member (13) is arranged to control the rotational position of the damper shafts (8a, 8b) via two motion transfer members (20a, 20b), the respective motion transfer member (20a, 20b) being in engagement with a guiding (21) of the regulating member (13) so that the rotational position of the motion transfer member and thereby the rotational position of the associated damper shaft (8a, 8b) is controlled by the rotational position of the regulating member via this guiding (21).

Abstract: A connection coupling for transferring gaseous and liquid fluids comprises a switch unit for actuating valves via a switch slide. The switch unit includes an eccentric shaft. The switch slide is coupled to an outer ring slide by at least one bolt.

Abstract: Novel thermoplastic pipes which can withstand extremely high internally generated and/or applied pressures for utilization within, primarily, high pressure underground liquid and gas transport systems are provided. Such pipes are improvements over standard metal (i.e., steel, lead, and the like) pipes due to construction costs, shipping costs, implementation costs (particularly underground), modulus strength allowances to compensate for underground movements (i.e., earthquakes and tremors), non-rusting characteristics, and ease in manufacture. Such pipes are preferably reinforced with specific fabric articles which permit a lower thickness of plastic to be utilized than is generally required to withstand high pressure situations. A one-step, potentially on-site production method, is also contemplated within this invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method wherein a first end and a second end of a pre-tensioned spring are positioned against a first and second stop. A rotating body is first rotated about its longitudinal axis such that the first end engages once in a cam wheel during each rotation, the wheel having at least X+1 teeth and at least one cam that runs parallel with the teeth. The cam wheel thus rotates one tooth further with each rotation of the rotating body. The rotating body is subsequently subjected to pre-tensioning until the cam wheel and its cam lies against a third stop and the first end engages the cam wheel. The rotation is then continued in order to increase the torque.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a gas mixture of at least two components. Oxygen, nitrogen, helium, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and carbon monoxide are all suitable for use as components in this method. Defined amounts of the components are dynamically mixed in order to obtain a first gas mixture at a first pressure less than 200 bar. The first gas mixture contains an intermediate amount of the second component which is less than the amount desired in the final gas mixture. A first component is then added to the first gas mixture to concomitantly dilute the second component. The addition of the first component is stopped when the pressure of the diluted gas mixture reaches a second pressure greater than both the first pressure and 170 bar, and when the diluted gas mixture contains the desired final proportion of the second component.

Abstract: A bulk bag filling system includes a frame having a base, a fill carriage coupled to the frame and a rotary carriage. The fill carriage is alignable with a fill port for receiving a bulk material. The rotary carriage includes a plurality of bag loop hangers for receiving bag loops of a bag to be filled. The rotary carriage is movably coupled to the fill carriage and a spout, for receiving a neck of the bag to be filled, extends through the rotary carriage. The spout is alignable with the fill port.

Abstract: A bulk bag filling system has a horizontal displacement device pivotally connected to a fill carriage. The fill carriage is rotated outwardly about a pivot axis existing at the interface between the horizontal displacement device and the fill carriage. Bag loops of a bulk bag are captured with bag loop hangers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a chipper (1) bed knife (2) attached detachably to the chipper frame (3), the chipper (1) having a chipper disc (5) supported on its shaft (4), which shaft is fitted rotatably to the chipper frame (3), the chipper disc (5) comprising a number of knives (6) arranged to pass the knife edge (7) of the bed knife (2) at a distance corresponding to the required knife clearance (v), when the chipper disc (5) is rotating. The bed knife (2) also has a second knife edge (7?), the said knife edges (7, 7?) being arranged at a distance from each other in the direction of movement (A) of the chipper disc (5) knives (6). A groove (8) is formed in the bed knife (2) between the said knife edges (7, 7?).

Abstract: A three-dimensional card case including a cavity surrounded by two sidewalls, a rear wall and an opening on the side opposite the rear wall. The cards are inserted into slots at the opening of the cavity until they flush with an ejector tab at the rear wall. Each ejector tab is aligned with a pair of cards, allowing both cards to be ejected by the tab mechanism through the actuation of buttons located on the exterior of the case.

Abstract: A tire includes, among the conventional tread pattern elements, at least one measuring element having a central zone and an encircling zone. In normal operation, the central zone 10 of a measuring element slides over the ground while, conversely, the tread as a whole does not slide over the ground. Measurements are carried out of the maximum adherence potential with the ground, at any moment, due to the central zone of a measuring element. In an alternative embodiment, the measuring element may comprise a circumferentially extending rib(s) or tread block(s) whose ground contact surface(s) is spaced at a lesser radial distance from the wheel axle than the spacing of the ground contact surfaces of the conventional tread blocks.

Abstract: Pneumatic tires for service on heavy vehicles having a belt package with widened belts. The tire includes a belt reinforcing structure or belt package having multiple cut belts of which one of the cut belts has a width approximately equal to the tire footprint. Widening two of the cut belts and forming at least one of the widened cut belts from a lighter material serves to improve tire durability in the regions of the tire crown and shoulder without increasing the overall tire weight.

Abstract: An instant photographic film unit includes a mask sheet having an image frame and two sheets, one of which has a photosensitive layer, laminated and bonded together, and a developing liquid container disposed in a predetermined position for supplying a developing liquid between the two sheets to produce an image. The mask sheer and the two sheets are bonded together in a predetermined laminated state, with at least one of the mask sheet and the two sheets being in the form of a continuous web. The continuous web is cut off into self-developed instant photographic film units of a predetermined length. A predetermined number of instant photographic film units are automatically stacked and placed in a film pack.

Abstract: When a laminating apparatus M is constituted with a vacuum suction step S1 for vacuum sucking an enclosed space in a work tray 2 accommodating a laminated-substrate W, a thermocompression-bonding step S2 for heating and pressuring the work tray 2 having finished the vacuum suction step S1, and a cooling step S3 for cooling the work tray 2 having finished the thermocompression-bonding step S2, a conveyer route R of a rectangular frame form to circulatorily convey the work tray 2 along a horizontal direction is provided, and in a processing conveyer section Rp composing one side of the conveyer route R, the vacuum suction step S1, the theremocompression-bonding step S2, and the cooling step S3 are sequentially disposed.