Abstract: A monitoring, detection and alarm for water systems includes a plurality of sensing components for detecting the presence of target contaminants in water and for measuring the overall quality of the water. The apparatus contains water sensing components, a database for storing sensor data and processors for data analysis using artificial intelligence. The apparatus provides control logic to take responsive action based on the results of the detection of the target contaminants. Responsive action includes, but is not limited to, generation of reports and alarm signals that are delivered in near real-time to users of the system.

Abstract: Monitoring assemblies for determining an operational state of a circuit protector in an electrical circuit.

Abstract: A remote control includes a transmitting and receiving unit, and a remote control unit; the transmitting and receiving unit is connected to a portable multimedia player, and includes a control mechanism, and a wireless transmitting and receiving mechanism; the remote control unit includes a control mechanism, and a display; in use, data relating to the portable multimedia player are read with the control mechanism, transmitted with the wireless transmitting and receiving mechanism of the transmitting and receiving unit, received with the wireless transmitting and receiving mechanism of the remote control unit, and shown on the display, which data include information relating to operation and the multimedia contents stored in the portable multimedia player; thus, the user is allowed to control the multimedia player with the remote control unit at a greater distance from the multimedia player, not having to look at the display of the multimedia player.

Abstract: A system and method of closed loop control whereby acoustic telemetry devices, both at surface and downhole, form nodes of a feedback loop; said feedback loop enables an automatic and dynamic means to modify transmission parameters such that the system's telemetry data rate is maximized consistent with minimum achievable signal-to-noise ratio and minimum expended power.

Abstract: A method whereby a downhole drilling transmission device that communicates to the surface automatically modifies its transmission parameters in order that it substantially improves its ability to adequately communicate with a surface receiver despite increasing signal attenuation between the two as the length of drillpipe increases. This utilizes a simple measure of localized downhole pressure that then relies upon a look-up table or similar that provides a correspondence between said pressure and measured depth. Such a look-up table or similar can be readily built by incorporating appropriate features of the planned well such as drilling fluid flow rate, drilling fluid density, drilling fluid viscosity, well profile, bottom hole assembly component geometry, drillpipe geometry, and indications as to whether the fluid is flowing or stationary.

Abstract: A system for communicating with a downhole network integrated into a downhole drill string is disclosed in one aspect of the invention as including a data transmission coupler mounted to a downhole tool and adapted to transmit data across a tool joint. The data transmission coupler is also capable of transmitting data by emitting electromagnetic radiation. An antenna is focused at and positioned within sufficient range of the data transmission coupler to detect the electromagnetic radiation and receive the data. This data may then be transmitted to a receiver or other equipment. In certain embodiments, the antenna is located above ground level and may be mounted to a swivel, derrick, hoist system, kelly, or other structure. The antenna is ideally mounted to a structure which is out of the way of equipment and workers working on the drill string.

Abstract: An inductive coupling system including a mandrel and an inner sleeve and outer housing that surround and rotate relative to the mandrel the system also includes a mandrel electronics system and a housing electronics system that communicate electronically using a mandrel inductive coupler and a housing inductive coupler. The mandrel electronics system may also communicate with equipment on the surface. Alternatively, the system may include a mandrel and first and second mandrel electronics systems in different mandrel sections. The first and second mandrel electronics systems communicate electronically using a mandrel inductive coupler. Also alternatively, the system may include a mandrel and an inner sleeve and outer housing that surround and rotate relative to the mandrel. The system also includes a mandrel electronics system and a housing electronics system that communicate electronically using a housing inductive coupler.

Abstract: A method and/or a system of a secure network bootstrap of devices in an automatic meter reading network is disclosed. A method of a network interface card in an automatic meter reading network includes generating a derived security key based on a secret key embedded in a network interface card and a provided security key of a device management server of the automatic meter reading network. The method also includes communicating the derived security key and a challenge data of a challenge-response pair of the device management server to a metering device and generating a response data through processing a reply data of the metering device reacting to the challenge data. In addition, the method includes communicating the response data to the device management server to authenticate the network interface card and/or the metering device.

Abstract: A combination speed-detection, video-recording, and timing device that can be hand-held. The device contains one or more speed detection means, including, but not limited to, a radar detection or laser detection device. The device includes a camera able to capture video in digital form, and a timing device, similar in function to a stopwatch. The device is pointed at the object whose speed is to be measured, or the events to be recorded, and can be operated by means of a trigger on a handle. The device may further include a display, along with display controls. Storage means is used to store the speed, video and timer data. The device may contain its own power supply, or may be externally powered.

Abstract: Systems and methods for taking risk out of driving are presented. The system comprises an event capture device that records audio, video, and other information that collectively comprise an event. The event data, including the audio, video, and other related information, is provided to an evaluation server where it is stored in a database of events. Driving events can be analyzed singularly or collectively to provide counseling of fleet drivers, reconstruction and forensic analysis of automobile accidents, and driver and/or vehicle scores/ratings.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method, system, and computer program product for determining a refresh rate of a dynamic billboard. A method in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention includes: obtaining traffic flow information; and determining the refresh rate of the dynamic billboard based on the traffic flow information.

Abstract: A traffic signal includes, minimally, at least one traffic signal located at a motor vehicle crossing that includes (i) a traffic signal light that includes at least a red light; (ii) a countdown display that visually indicates relative or actual time remaining before a signal change is to occur; and (iii) a message display for presenting messages in a changing fashion to present messages that are not countdown information. The traffic light control is connected to the traffic signal and includes (i) a control for turning the red light off and on in accordance with preset criteria; (ii) a countdown control connected with the light control and connected to the countdown display, and set to present time remaining before a signal change is to occur; and (iii) a message control connected to the message display to control the presentation of the messages.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for the management of a parking zone with chargeable parking spaces for vehicles, in particular of a parking zone sited at or on a public road, comprising an automatic machine for the payment of a parking fee for a parking space, said machine being assigned to the parking spaces. A parking-zone management system is provided which can indicate the current occupancy status of the parking spaces of the managed parking zone in an up-to-date manner and as accurately as possible, whereby at least one vehicle detector which is configured for determining the occupancy status of the parking space is arranged on each parking space, and whereby communication means, by means of which data representing the occupancy status can be transmitted, is provided for wireless data transmission between each respective vehicle detector and the automatic parking-fee machine.

Abstract: A traffic sensor and a method of operating the traffic sensor to collect vehicular traffic data for a road is described. The traffic sensor has (a) a radar module for generating radar-based vehicle data regarding a plurality of vehicles passing the sensor field of view based on detection and measurement of traffic; (b) an image module for generating image data representing a plurality of images of the road and the traffic; and, (c) a traffic sensor enclosure for enclosing both the radar module and the image module.

Abstract: A laser locus ball apparatus for a wireless keyboard includes a base, a laser source generator, a locus ball, a light sensing element and a key cover. The base provides a lateral plate with a locating hole to locate the laser source generator and has another two opposite lateral plates with an engaging wedge at the bottom edge thereof to engage with the key cover. The top plate of the base has a supporting bore to receive the locus ball. A containing space is formed in the base to accommodate the optical sensing element. The laser source generator emits laser to the lower surface of the locus ball. The locus ball is movably received in and supported with the supporting bore such that the lower surface thereof extending downward from the supporting bore to reflect interference stripe figure during the lower surface of the locus ball receiving the laser. The light sensing element senses the laser interference stripe figure within every preset unit time.

Abstract: A reconfigurable tactile input device includes a first rigid electrode layer, a compressible dielectric structure, and a second flexible electrode layer forming together a tactile sensor with appropriate electrode connection means to a control means. The control means may include a mixed-signal IC mounted next to the input device in a compact package and capable of measuring capacitance in real time. The dielectric structure may include a matrix of compressible geometric elements with voids therebetween optionally vented to atmosphere, making the entire assembly thin and facilitating its use for mobile phones and other small, portable electronic devices. Some embodiments provide the user wit tactile feedback upon compression of the electrodes. An optional flexible display may be mounted over the input device to indicate the present configuration to the user.

Abstract: A keypad assembly using a waveguide for guiding lights emitted from light emitting devices is disclosed. The keypad assembly includes a switch board having a plurality of dome switches. The keypad also includes a plurality of key buttons; a plurality of light emitting devices included in the switch board; a waveguide formed under the key buttons, the waveguide having a predetermined refractive index to allow lights emitted from the light emitting devices to travel according to an internal total reflection condition; a plurality of reflecting patterns formed in the waveguide to reflect the light traveling through the waveguide toward the key buttons; and an auxiliary layer formed on the surface of the waveguide, the auxiliary layer having lower refractive index than that of the waveguide to make a constant total reflection condition.

Abstract: A chip-to-chip digital transmission circuit includes a differential driver portion, a pair of differential signal transmission lines connected to the driver portion, and a receiver portion connected to the transmission lines, an output node of which reproduces a digital bit stream originally presented to a driver side input node, wherein the transmission lines carry both transmitted signal information and DC power for the receiver portion. The driver portion is configured to adjust both the transmitted signal magnitude and the DC power delivered to the receiver portion.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for encoding signals by separating a signal by using a common multiplier so as to improve the efficiency of compression of audio signals and a method for calculating a common multiplier of a set of numeric values including errors. A common multiplier A, of the input signal samples x(i) in each frame is estimated. Each sample x(i) is divided by A, the quotient is rounded to the number of significant digits, and the rounded quotient y(i) is encoded. The quotient y(i) is multiplied by A and the product is subtracted from x(i) to obtain an error signal z(i), which is then encoded. The multiplier A is encoded and the code of y(i), the code of z(i), and the code of A are combined together and outputted. To estimate the common multiplier, each numeric value is divided by a determined representative value.

Abstract: A signal sampling system includes an input signal and a plurality of samplers. The plurality of samplers produces a plurality of sample output signals. Each sampler from the plurality of samplers samples the input signal to produce a corresponding sample output signal from the plurality of sample output signals. Each sampler samples the input signal with a sampling pulse having a sampling aperture. A first sampling aperture used by a first sampler from the plurality of samplers to sample the input signal differs in duration from a second sampling aperture used by a second sampler from the plurality of samplers to sample the input signal.

Abstract: Presently known codes have long trains consisting of consecutive 2T runs that reduce the performance of the bit detector. By using a code with an RMTR constraint of 2 an improvement in the bit detection is achieved. A code constructed in a systematic way that provides an RMTR constraint of 2 is presented. Several variations of such a code are disclosed where one or more sub-codes are used, where coding states are divided into coding classes ordered according to more or less stringent constraints on leading bits and where code words are divided into code word types ordered according to more or less stringent constraints on trailing bits. Then, for a given sub-code, an code word of type t can be concatenated with an code word of the next sub-code if said subsequent code word of said next sub-code belongs to one of coding states of the coding class with index Tmax+1?t.

Abstract: Power consumption of an output stage such as a class-D output stage may depend on the amplitude and the activity of the signal being output. Here, control signals may be generated to independently control coupled switches of the output stage and to provide a tri-state control scheme for the output stage. These control signals may be generated based on durations of different levels of an input signal over one or more periods of time.

Abstract: A digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and the method thereof are disclosed. The DAC receives a digital signal with (M+N) bits, and a reference voltage unit sequentially outputs 2M+N reference voltages through the 2N output terminals thereof according to at least N timing signals. Afterwards, a control unit outputs at least a reference voltage to a decoding unit according to the above-mentioned N timing signals and the N bits of the digital signal. In the end, the decoding unit selects one of the signals produced by the control unit as the analog signal for output according to the M bits of the digital signal.

Abstract: In response to a selected analog applied to the input terminal of an analog-to-digital converter, the digitized output signal is stored in a buffer/register. In making a comparison with a predetermined value, a second buffer/register stores either a preselected value or a second digitized signal. A comparator is coupled to the first and the second buffer/register to provide the result of a comparison. In this manner, the central processing unit is not involved in the comparison testing procedure.

Abstract: Amplifier comprising an input signal node for conveying an input signal having an input signal value and an output signal node for conveying an output signal having an output signal value. Amplifier circuitry is coupled to the input signal node and provided with a plurality of intermediate output signal nodes, each for conveying an intermediate output signal having an intermediate output signal value. The intermediate output signal value in each intermediate output signal node relates to the input signal value in accordance with predetermined signal gains. A signal selector selects one of the intermediate output signals and feeds the selected one to the output signal node. The amplifier may be comprised in an analogue to digital converter. The amplifier may be incorporated in a down hole tool. The method of amplification may be used in a method of producing a mineral hydrocarbon fluid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and method for providing location determination in a configured environment in which Global Navigation Satellite System Signals are not available. In this regard, local beacon systems generate spread spectrum CDMA signals that are received by spectral compression units that derive physically meaningful observations without a requirement for correlation of the intercepted energy by means of the known spreading codes. The invention can coexist with communication assets already in place, and the design allows for self calibration, which simplifies installation and usage. The invention has utility in applications in which GNSS signals are unavailable or limited, for example, in warehouse inventory management, in search and rescue operations and in asset tracking in indoor environments.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for encoding information in a reference beacon signal for use in a time-difference-of-arrival/frequency-difference-of-arrival (TDOA/FDOA) geolocation system. Information is encoded in the reference beacon signal using variations in the times and frequencies of sequential reference signal transmissions. The encoded information may include an identifier associated with the transmitter of the reference beacon signal. A geolocation system receiving the reference beacon signal can thus differentiate it from non-cooperative target emissions as well as from other reference beacon signals.

Abstract: A distance determining system includes a first transceiver and a second transceiver spaced a distance from the first transceiver and inductively coupled thereto. The first transceiver outputs a first electromagnetic wave. The second transceiver receives the first electromagnetic wave and outputs a second electromagnetic wave, which is received by the first transceiver. One of the first and second transceivers determines a distance therebetween based at least in part upon the elapsed time of travel of the first and second electromagnetic waves. An air spring assembly can include such a distance indicating system. A method of determining a distance is also included.

Abstract: The invention provides a radar system comprising a power amplifier and a mixer, wherein the power amplifier and the mixer are integrated in a common semiconductor chip. For detecting a target object with the radar system, a high frequency signal from the power amplifier is employed as a local oscillator signal for the mixer, the radar system comprising the power amplifier and the mixer.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus compress data, comprising an In-phase (I) component and a Quadrature (Q) component. Statistical characteristics of the data are utilized to convert the data into a form that requires fewer bits in accordance with the statistical characteristics. The data may be further compressed by transforming the data and by modifying the transformed data in accordance with a quantization conversion table that is associated with the processed data. Additionally, redundancy may be removed from the processed data with an encoder. Subsequent processing of the compressed data may decompress the compressed data in order to approximate the original data by reversing the process for compressing the data with corresponding inverse operations. Interleaved I and Q components can be processed rather than separating the components before processing the data. The processed data type may be determined by providing metadata to retrieve the appropriate quantization table from a knowledge database.

Abstract: A site survey device including a location sensor and a processor coupled to the location sensor. The processor acquires location information from the location sensor and determines reception data relating to a signal received from a wireless device to identify a location wherein the reception data is determined. The location sensor may include an electronic compass to produce electrical signals corresponding to a heading of a surveyor and an inertial sensor to produce electrical signals corresponding to a magnitude of a change in location. The location information may be determined as a change in location. In operation, a plurality of location information may be acquired together with corresponding reception data from a wireless infrastructure. The device may indicate each of the plurality of location information and corresponding reception data on an electronic indication of a site map.

Abstract: A position calculating apparatus that calculates a position of a moving body by using results of positioning by a GPS satellite and a self-contained sensor includes receiving means for receiving GPS orientation data measured by the GPS satellite and navigation orientation data measured by the self-contained sensor; first determining means for determining a reliability of the GPS orientation data; second determining means for determining a reliability of the navigation orientation data; and movement angle calculating means for calculating a movement angle of the moving body from the GPS orientation data or the navigation orientation data in accordance with the determination results of the first and second determining means.

Abstract: The invention relates to global positioning system (GPS) assistance data, and in particular, an embodiment in which a method of compressing GPS assistance data reduces the time to transmit data and also reduce time to calculate a location for a mobile device, such as a wireless telecommunications device. The method is especially-well suited for satellites have similar Almanac and/or Navigation Model information elements. The time for a Serving Mobile Location Centre (SMLC) to transmit the compressed assistance data to the mobile device is thus reduced. This eventually reduces the total time for a mobile device to calculate its location based on the assistance data information. Hence the time to first fix (TTFF) which is the time to calculate the first “fix” (also known as the first calculated location) is reduced.

Abstract: A method and system for determining a location of at least one stationary node of a wireless network, which includes providing a predetermined path within a geographic space of the wireless network, prior to localization, moving a mobile node along the predetermined path, measuring a network parameter with respect to the mobile node as it moves along the predetermined path, and performing a localization scheme to estimate the location of the at least one stationary node using the measured network parameter.

Abstract: This disclosure describes signal processing techniques that can improve the performance of blind source separation (BSS) techniques. In particular, the described techniques propose pre-processing steps that can help to de-correlate the different signals from one another prior to execution of the BSS techniques. In addition, the described techniques also propose optional post-processing steps that can further de-correlate the different signals following execution of the BSS techniques. The techniques may be particularly useful for improving BSS performance with highly correlated audio signals, e.g., from two microphones that are in close spatial proximity to one another.

Abstract: In a method for locating a mobile transmitter embodied as an identification device (5), especially a vehicle key, relative to a receiver configured as a base station and for recognizing multipath propagation (11b) of a signal (11a) transmitted by the identification device (5), single-path and multipath propagations of the transmitted signal (9, 11a) are detected as receive signals (9, 11b) in the base station by at least two differently oriented reception areas (3a-3d, 27a, 27b), the field intensities of the receive signals (9, 11b) are detected in accordance with the respective reception areas (3a-3d, 27a, 27b), and the receive signal (9) having the greatest field intensity and the reception area (3a-3d, 27a, 27b) associated with the respective receive antenna are determined and are located as the direction of the identification device

Abstract: A coupled-fed antenna device comprising a substrate, a signal source, a ground plane, a radiation conductor, and a coupling feedline is disclosed. The substrate has at least a first surface and a second surface, and the signal source is disposed on the first surface. The ground plane is electrically grounded and covers at least partial area on the second surface of substrate. The radiation conductor is disposed on the second surface of substrate and connected to the ground plane. The coupling feedline consists of a first feedline connected to the signal source and a second feedline connected to the radiation conductor. The real part of the antenna input impedance may be adjusted by shifting the attachment point between the second feedline and radiation conductor. The first feedline and the second feedline are coupled together by a coupling element. The imaginary part of the antenna input impedance may be adjusted by changing the input impedance of an open stub of the coupling element.

Abstract: An electrically conductive hexagonal patch element for a patch antenna. The hexagonal patch element comprising a hexagonal shape with a first angle and a second angle opposite the first angle, a third angle and a fourth angle opposite the third angle, a fifth angle and a sixth angle opposite the fifth angle, the first, third, and fifth angles each measuring approximately 150 degrees and the second, forth, and sixth angles each measuring approximately 90 degrees, wherein the first angle is positioned in between the fourth angle and the sixth angle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a circularly polarized antenna and, more particularly, to a compact circularly polarized antenna for transmitting and receiving a circularly polarized signal. The circularly polarized antenna comprises a substrate having an upper surface and a lower surface; a signal distributor; an antenna for transmitting and receiving the circularly polarized signal; and a plurality of support units. The upper surface of the substrate comprises a plurality of slots. One end of each slot overlaps with the respective ends of the other slots at a central region. The lower surface of the substrate comprises a coupling unit being electrically connected with the signal distributor, and the center of the coupling unit corresponds to the central region.

Abstract: A modulation system that can be used alone or in conjunction with current modulation techniques for data transmission in portable phones. The system consists of two orthogonal antennas of opposite polarization in which signals can be individually received and processed. A phase delay signal combination system allows combining the signals received on the two paths to allow selective reception of various polarizations. The rate of change between these two antennas will be different for each data signal, allowing a large increase in the number of users.

Abstract: A multiple-band antenna having a plurality of operating frequency bands is provided. The antenna includes a plurality of structures configured for operation in respective ones of the plurality of operating frequency bands, and a plurality of structures configured for operation in more than one of the plurality of operating frequency bands.

Abstract: A multi-band antenna assembly, comprising: a first antenna used for wireless local area network and comprising a first radiating element comprising a high frequency radiating portion and a low frequency radiating portion, and a first grounding element adapted for assembling said first antenna on an electric device; a second antenna used for wireless wide area network and comprising a second radiating element comprising a high frequency radiating portion and a low frequency radiating portion, and a second grounding element adapted for assembling said second antenna on an electric device; wherein said first antenna and said second antenna independent from each other; said grounding elements of said two antennas comprising two main bodies substantially aligned with each other, said first and second radiating elements of said first antenna and said second antenna locating on the same side of said first and second grounding elements, said low frequency radiating portions of said first antenna and said second anten

Abstract: A multi-band antenna used in a portable electrical device can work in WWAN and GPS at the same time. The multi-band antenna includes a PCB having a through hole, a first antenna body comprising a first radiating element and a first grounding element formed on a first surface of the PCB, a second antenna body formed on a second surface of the PCB, and a feeding line having an inner conductor electrically connecting to the first radiating element and an outer conductor electrically connecting to the first grounding element. The second antenna body comprises a second radiating element, a second grounding element, and a connecting element connecting the second radiating element and the second grounding element. The first radiating element and the second radiating element electrically connect with each other via the through hole of the PCB.

Abstract: A radio communication system for performing radio communication between a first antenna and a second antenna is provided. Each of the first and second antennas includes a plurality of antenna elements for forming polarization planes orthogonal to each other in three-axial directions. The first and second antennas are arranged so that the polarization planes formed by the antenna elements of the first antenna are respectively opposed to the polarization planes formed by the antenna elements of the second antenna. The communication between the first antenna and the second antenna is performed by using three independent polarized waves.

Abstract: An antenna structure including a dielectric base member provided in a non-ground region of a circuit board and a feed radiation electrode provided on the dielectric base member. An outer side surface of the dielectric base member along an edge of one end of the circuit board defines a side surface. A feed electrode is provided in the non-ground region of the circuit board or outside the circuit board such that the feed electrode is disposed along side surfaces of the dielectric base member. One end of the feed radiation electrode defines a feed end connected to the feed electrode, and the other end of the feed radiation electrode defines an open end. The feed radiation electrode has a configuration in which a current path extending from the feed end to the open end has a loop shape so as to be provided on at least the side surface and an upper surface of the dielectric base member.

Abstract: A small ultra wideband (UWB) antenna designed to have a unidirectional radiation pattern is disclosed. The UWB antenna includes a substrate; a power feeding part, provided on an upper surface of the substrate, for receiving a supply of an external electromagnetic energy; a dipole radiator excited by the electromagnetic energy fed through the power feeding part and radiating electromagnetic waves in one and the other directions of the substrate; and an active loop radiator excited by the electromagnetic energy fed through the power feeding part, respectively enhancing and canceling the electromagnetic fields produced in one or the other directions of the substrate by the dipole radiator.

Abstract: An electrical machine (10) has a built-in stator (11) which is mounted in a housing (12, 13, 14) by a built-in stator suspension, in particular in the form of a plurality of supporting rings (29) which are arranged one behind the other, at a distance apart, in the axial direction and surround the built-in stator (11), which housing (12, 13, 14) surrounds the built-in stator (11) at a distance from it, with additional apparatuses (38, 39) being provided in order to fix the housing (12, 13, 14) relative to the built-in stator (11) and with respect to the built-in stator suspension (29). In a machine such as this, the housing oscillations are minimized without any deterioration in the robustness that is required for transportation in that the fixing apparatuses (38, 39) are apparatuses which can be adjusted from outside the housing (12, 13, 14).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a tunable microwave/millimeter-wave arrangement comprising a tunable impedance surface. It comprises an Electromagnetic Bandgap Structure (EBG) (Photonic Bandgap Structure) comprising at least one tunable ferroelectric layer (3), at least one first, top, metal layer (1) and at least one second metal layer (2A, 2B). Said first (1) and second metal layers (2A) are disposed on opposite sides of the/a ferroelectric layer (3), and at least the first, top, metal layer (1) is patterned and the dielectric permittivity of the at least one ferroelectric layer (3) is dependent on a DC biasing voltage directly or indirectly applied to first (1) and/or second (2A, 2B) metal layers disposed on different sides of the/a ferroelectric layer.

Abstract: Price to performance ratio of manufacturing coaxial cable antenna can be improved. A coaxial cable antenna comprising: a coaxial cable having a first end to receive signals, a second end to transmit signals, said first end includes a receiver conductor formed by an end of the coaxial cable peeled off a specific length of braided sheath and outer plastic sheath; a length of peeled braided sheath as a grounding segment, which is following the receiver conductor and folded backward covering a periphery of an outer plastic sheath; said grounding segment is further enclosed by a wrapper, which is in contact with a braided sheath reciprocally. Said second end is connected to a connector. Next, an expander fits over a periphery of a receiver conductor. And a wrapper is joined together by an affixture, which is attached to a planar surface of an object.

Abstract: A horizontally polarized, substantially omnidirectional broadband transmitting antenna uses parasitic dipoles to increase azimuthal circularity over frequency. Because the magnitude of nulls in the field strength increases with frequency, the dipoles are preferentially sized for optimum reradiation at the highest frequency expected for the antenna. For maximum reinforcement of signal strength in the nulls, the longitudinal axes of the dipoles in a preferred embodiment lie in the center planes of the multiple bays of the antenna, are perpendicular to the proximal axes of radiation, and are centered on the nulls. The dipoles are suitable for use with several antenna styles, and are expressly compatible with crossed bowtie slot antennas.