Abstract: A method of making algae-resistant shingles in which the algae-inhibiting material, usually a copper compound, is applied only to larger granules, instead of being applied to a full size range of granules. Use of the larger granules only, as algae-resistant granules, significantly increases the percentage of surface area of algae-resistant granules for releasing algae-inhibiting material and also reduces the material consumption of the algae-inhibiting material during production of the algae-resistant granules, thus substantially reducing cost.

Abstract: In a printed board having a land as an electrode, a colored thermoplastic resin film is arranged on a land forming surface of a thermoplastic resin member so as to set a difference in light reflectivity between the land and the colored thermoplastic resin film, to be greater than that between the land and the thermoplastic resin member. An opening portion is provided in the colored thermoplastic resin film so that at least a part of the land is exposed from the opening portion. Because the colored thermoplastic resin film is positioned on the circumference portion of the opening portion, the difference in light reflectivity of the land with respect to its circumference portion can be effectively increased. As a result, a recognition ratio of the land can be effectively improved.

Abstract: Multilayer protective films that adhere well to many different surfaces and can be removed without leaving residues are provided. The films consist of a polyolefin backing layer(s) and an adhering layer consisting of an ethylene unsaturated ester copolymer layer containing a resin. The films have good tensile strength and stiffness at minimum thickness and can be produced by blown film and cast processes, mono and co-extrusion. The films are particularly useful for protecting automobiles during transportation and storage, a masterbatch of the resin in an ethylene polymer or copolymer to facilitate co-extrusion of the multilayer films is also provided.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a non-chlorine polypropylene wrap film excellent in adhesion, transparency, heat resistance, flexibility, gas barrier properties, touch and cutting properties, and disclosed is a polypropylene wrap film, a multilayer film having a tensile modulus of 200 to 1,000 MPa, containing at least a surface layer and an inner layer having a gas barrier resin, and being stretched into a twice or more length in a machine direction and/or a transverse direction, wherein in its multilayer constitution, the surface layer is constituted by a composition comprising, for example, a mixture of a polypropylene resin, a softening agent, an adhering agent and a liquid adhering assistant at a suitable mixing ratio, and the inner layer is constituted, for example, by an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin.

Abstract: The invention relates to a precursor article of a composite material comprising a polymer matrix and at least one reinforcing wire and/or fibres, said article comprising at least one reinforcing wire and/or fibres and at least one polymer matrix wire and/or fibres. The invention is characterised in that: said reinforcing wire and/or fibres are made from a reinforcing material and may comprise a thermoplastic polyamide part; said polymer matrix wire and/or fibres are made from thermoplastic polyamide; and the thermoplastic polyamide of said reinforcing wire and/or fibres and/or said polymer matrix wire and/or fibres comprise at least one polyamide with a star structure which contains: star macromolecular chains comprising one or more cores and at least three branches or three polyamide segments which are linked to the core; if necessary, linear polyamide macromolecular chains.

Abstract: A heat-curable binder based on an aqueous polymer dispersion comprising an emulsion polymer (EP), a polymer composed of at least 5% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid, dicarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic anhydride (acid polymer SP for short), and monofunctional or polyfunctional epoxide compounds as curatives. The monofunctional or polyfunctional epoxide compound is stirred, preferably in the liquid state, into the aqueous polymer dispersion. Besides the epoxide compound, the heat-curable binder may further comprise a polyol or an alkanolamine as hardener.

Abstract: The apparel is constructed from various combinations of layers of materials with moisture transfer properties. A first liner of moisture transfer fabrics abuts a second layer of structural material such as a foam. The second layer can abut a breathable membrane and/or an insulating material. Finally, carefully selected outer fabrics complete the combination to provide apparel with improved performance characteristics. The outer fabrics are treated in various ways to enhance performance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a low and weakly-interlaced industrial polyester multifilament yarn, which has excellent flatness and flat uniformity, and in which the number of monofilament layers is properly controlled according to a fineness of the low and weakly-interlaced polyester multifilament yarn and monofilaments are interlaced, thereby reducing a surface brightness gradient of a coated fabrics, produced using the low and weakly-interlaced polyester multifilament yarn, when light is irradiated to the coated fabrics. Additionally, the present invention provides a method of producing the low and weakly-interlaced polyester multifilament yarn, in which air pressure of an air interlacing device, a yarn path, tension of the yarn, an helix angle of the yarn wound around a cheese, intervals between first guides, located before and after the air interlacing device, and second guides, located in the air interlacing device, and a position of a wave plate are properly controlled.

Abstract: It comprises an electric conduction pattern member (11) which is flexible and plate-shaped, a gel member (13) having the electric conduction pattern member embedded therein, and flexible substrate sheets (15a, 15b) holding the gel member therebetween, the electric conduction pattern member (11) having the function of allowing the gel member (13) to be deformed and displaced by an external bending force, the stress due to the external bending force being dispersed by the gel member (13).

Abstract: A nano horn carrier capable of effectively and conveniently utilizing the tip shape of a carbon nano horn and a method of manufacturing the carrier, the carrier wherein carbon nano horn aggregates (1) are dispersed in dispersion liquid, the dispersion liquid is fed onto a base material (3) and only the dispersion liquid is removed to dispose the carbon nano horn aggregates (1) thereon and a part of all of the carbon nano horn aggregates (1) are covered by fixing material (2) to carry on the fixing material (2), whereby the part or all of the carbon nano horn aggregates (1) can be carried on the fixing material (2).

Abstract: A protective barrier coating system including a diffusion barrier coating and an oxidation barrier coating and method for use in protecting silicon-based ceramic turbine engine components. A complete barrier coating system includes a thermal barrier coating of stabilized zirconia and an environmental barrier coating of an alloyed tantalum oxide. The oxidation barrier coating includes a layer of metallic silicates formed on a substrate of silicon nitride or silicon carbide to be protected. The oxidation barrier coating can include silicates of scandium, ytterbia or yttrium. The oxidation barrier coating may also include an inner layer of Si2ON2 between the diffusion barrier and the metallic silicate layer. The oxidation barrier coating can be applied to the substrate by spraying, slurry dipping and sintering, by a sol-gel process followed by sintering, by plasma spray, or by electron beam-physical vapor deposition.

Abstract: Disclosed are environmentally friendly, substantially all solids coating compositions which are curable using ultraviolet and visible radiation. In addition, the disclosed coating compositions are suitable for coating composite objects and/or objects comprising composite materials, such as, but not limited to, fiberglass, fire retardant fiberglass, carbon fiber, fire retardant carbon fiber, Kevlar®, and fire retardant Kevlar®. In addition, methods are disclosed for coating surfaces, or at least a portion of the surfaces, and curing of the coated surface to obtain partially or fully cured coated surfaces. Furthermore, articles of manufacture incorporating fully cured coated surfaces are disclosed, including, for example composite architectural panels. Also disclosed are methods, processes, production lines, articles of manufacture, and factories which incorporate these environmentally friendly, substantially all solids coating compositions curable using ultraviolet and visible radiation.

Abstract: A method of making a photoactive coating includes depositing a first coating material containing zirconium oxide over at least a portion of a substrate and depositing a second coating material containing titanium oxide over at least a portion of the first coating material to provide a coated substrate. At least one of the first and second coating materials is deposited by pyrolytic deposition.

Abstract: Provided is a curable silicone resin composition including (A) a siloxane-based compound containing at least 2 addition reactive carbon-carbon double bonds within each molecule, (B) a siloxane-based compound containing at least 2 hydrogen atoms bonded to silicon atoms within each molecule, (C) a hydrosilylation reaction catalyst, (D) a phenol-based antioxidant, and (E) a hindered amine compound. Also provided are an optical semiconductor sealing material including such a composition, and an optical semiconductor device that has been sealed with such a composition. The curable silicone composition generates a cured product with high hardness and strength, excellent transparency, and excellent light transmittance and photostability particularly in the short wavelength region.

Abstract: The present invention provides a decorative sheet having a base film made of a thermoplastic polyester resin and a decorative layer on the base film, and provides a decorated resin molding produced by using the decorative sheet. The base film is not broken in both of MD (a flow direction of film-forming) and TD (a direction perpendicular to MD) and has a stress of 20 N/cm2 or less in any of MD and TD under a 200% elongation at 80° C. The decorated resin molding includes a resin molding and the decorative sheet which is unitedly laminated to the resin molding. The decorative layer of the decorative sheet faces toward the resin molding. The decorative sheet is suitable for producing the decorated resin molding by a decorating injection molding method.

Abstract: Disclosed is a biaxially oriented multilayer polypropylene film which has a substrate layer containing a polypropylene resin composition including 97 to 99.97% by weight of a propylene polymer (A) and 0.03 to 3% by weight of a surfactant and also has, on at least one side of this layer, a layer containing a polypropylene resin composition including 30 to 80% by weight of a propylene polymer (C) having a melting point of 150 to 170° C. and 20 to 70% by weight of a propylene-based random copolymer (D) having a melting point of 120 to 149° C. and including 1 to 14 mole % of ethylene and/or ?-olefin.

Abstract: A chip board including an intermediary layer (1) and a layer (2) of large chips positioned on both sides of said intermediary layer. An outer layer (3) is provided on the 5 outer surface of each layer of large chips. In addition to the chips, the layers include an adhesive. The intermediary layer (1) includes a mixture of wood chips having chip fractions of a chip size of 0.1 to 20 mm, and the chips of this layer are randomly oriented. The individual chip in the layer (2) of large chips presents the following characteristics: a length of approx. 50 to approx. 130 mm, a width of approx. 4 to approx. 40 mm and a thickness of approx. 0.2 to approx. 2.0 mm. The chips within each layer (2) of large chips are all oriented in one and the same direction. As a result, a chip board is obtained which demonstrates a significantly higher E-module and stiffness in flexure than hitherto known despite a reduced consumption of material.

Abstract: The invention relates to an alloy consisting of at least three components A, B, C, which form at least a first matrix and a soft phase dispersed therein, with a first surface (5) and a second surface (9) lying opposite it, the proportions of components A, B, C in the alloy being different from one another in the regions of the first (5) and the second surface (8). At least one of the components forms a hard phase and at least one of the other components forms another matrix different from the first matrix, the first matrix being disposed at least in the region of the first surface (5) and the other matrix being disposed at least in the region of the second surface (8), whilst the hard phase is dispersed through both the first and the other matrix.

Abstract: First, a melt of Al or a melt of an Al alloy containing Si is injected in a die filled with SiC powder and cast to form a plate member made of an Al/SiC composite. Next, an Al foil member made of an Al—Mg-based alloy is joined with the surface of the plate member through hot pressing. As a result, part of the Al foil member enters casting blowholes on the surface of the plate member to fill the casting blowholes. In addition, an Al—Mg-based alloy layer is formed on the surface of the plate member. Thus, a base plate having a nearly flat surface is produced.

Abstract: Large area, uniformly low dislocation density single crystal III-V nitride material, e.g., gallium nitride having a large area of greater than 15 cm2, a thickness of at least 1 mm, an average dislocation density not exceeding 5E5 cm?2, and a dislocation density standard deviation ratio of less than 25%. Such material can be formed on a substrate by a process including (i) a first phase of growing the III-V nitride material on the substrate under pitted growth conditions, e.g., forming pits over at least 50% of the growth surface of the III-V nitride material, wherein the pit density on the growth surface is at least 102 pits/cm2 of the growth surface, and (ii) a second phase of growing the III-V nitride material under pit-filling conditions.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a ceramic includes forming a film which includes a complex oxide material having an oxygen octahedral structure and a paraelectric material having a catalytic effect for the complex oxide material in a mixed state, and performing a heat treatment to the film, wherein the paraelectric material is one of a layered catalytic substance which includes Si in the constituent elements and a layered catalytic substance which includes Si and Ge in the constituent elements. The heat treatment includes sintering and post-annealing. At least the post-annealing is performed in a pressurized atmosphere including at least one of oxygen and ozone. A ceramic is a complex oxide having an oxygen octahedral structure, and has Si and Ge in the oxygen octahedral structure.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium which allows high density recording and has excellent durability can be obtained. A magnetic recording medium includes: a plurality of ferromagnetic material dots arranged on a soft magnetic layer formed on a non-magnetic substrate so as to be separated from one another; and carbon films which are formed on the respective ferromagnetic material dots, each carbon film having a smooth film face shape in a section passing through the center of each ferromagnetic material dot and a film thickness gradually decreasing from the center of the ferromagnetic material dot toward an outer edge thereof.

Abstract: Carbon or boron is added into the CoCr layers of a multiplayer perpendicular magnetic media structure to reduce media noise. The perpendicular magnetic media structure has sharp interfaces between Co-alloy layers and Pd or Pt layers and significantly reduced exchange coupling. In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, the perpendicular magnetic media structure with carbon or boron additives is 700 ? FeCo30.8B12/20 ? TaOx/700 ? FeCo30.8B12/20 ? TaOx/700 ? FeCo30.8B12/20 ? TaOx/158 ? FeCo30.8B12/17 ? Ta/49 ? ITO/33 ? CoCr37Ru10/2.5 ? COy/2.5 ? C/[(CoCr9)C6.8/Pd]19/50 ? CHN. [(CoCr9)C6.8/Pd]19 means 19 layers of the bi-layer stack (CoCr9)C6.8/Pd. TaOx stands for surface-oxidized Ta and COy stands for C oxides. ITO stands for Indium Tin Oxide and consists of In2O3 and Sn2O5 at 80 and 20 molecular percent respectively. CHN refers to hydrogenated and nitrogenated carbon.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lubricant capable of holding an excellent lubricating property under various types of service conditions, maintaining a lubricating effect for a long period of time and providing excellent traveling property, abrasion resistance, durability and the like, a recording medium using the lubricant and a carboxylic acid type compound constituting the lubricant.

Abstract: Disclosed is a compressible printing blanket in which voids are formed in the compressible layer by using microballoons, comprising at least two fabric layers, an adhesive layer interposed between adjacent fabric layers, a surface rubber layer, and a compressible layer arranged between the at least two fabric layers and the surface rubber layer and containing spherical voids and voids having a shape other than a sphere in a ratio defined in formula given below: S1:S2=20:80 to 95:5 ??(1) where, S1 denotes the number of spherical voids per unit area in a cross section of the compressible layer, and S2 denotes the number of voids having a shape other than a sphere per unit area in a cross section of the compressible layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel cell system and a method of operating same, The fuel cell has a first reactant inlet, a first reactant outlet, a second reactant inlet, a second reactant outlet. The invention involves (a) providing a first reactant incoming stream to the first reactant inlet; (b) providing a second reactant incoming stream to the second reactant inlet; (c) monitoring a fuel cell state variable indicative of flooding; (d) based on the fuel cell state variable, determining whether the fuel cell is flooded; and, (e) providing an additional amount of the first reactant to the fuel cell when the fuel cell is flooded.

Abstract: A fuel cell system and a method of operating same are provided. The fuel cell system includes a fuel cell for driving a load, at least one fuel cell peripheral, a device for measuring at least one fuel cell operation characteristic, and at least one controller for controlling the operation of at least one fuel cell peripheral based on the at least one fuel cell operation characteristic. The fuel cell operation characteristic is divided into at least two ranges, and operation of at least one fuel cell is controlled to provide it with a respective operational characteristic for each range of operation of the fuel cell system.

Abstract: A fuel cell system in accordance with the invention includes a single, central electronic controller (CPU) for controlling at least the Air Handling sub-system, the Reformer sub-system, the Power Electronics sub-system, and the Customer Interface sub-system. The central controller provides a central location for easier serviceability; increases data transport efficiency by eliminating lengthy links between distributed controllers; eliminates the need for multiple mechanical enclosures; allows for controller thermo conditioning in one mechanical enclosure; and reduces parasitic power losses by employing a single power supply.

Abstract: A proton exchange membrane which includes a sulfonated and phosphonated poly (styrene) material having a covalently bonded tertiary hydrogen replacement group.

Abstract: Provided is a sheet chemical cell of a simple and easy-fabricated structure having a small number of parts that can improve the energy density strikingly, a manufacturing method thereof, a fuel cell, and a manufacturing method thereof. Also provided is a sheet chemical cell including a plurality of unit cells each of which includes an electrolyte membrane, a plurality of anode plates on one surface of the electrolyte membrane, and a plurality of cathode plates on the other surface of the electrolyte membrane, with the anode and cathode plates opposed to each other in pairs with the membrane therebetween, and slots through the electrolyte membrane so that wiring plates of respective anode and cathode plates are electrically connected through the membrane via the slots to provide cells connected in series.

Abstract: A direct formic acid fuel cell includes a cathode current collector having a perpendicularly extending edge that is capable of cooperating with the perpendicularly extending edge of an anode current collector to effect a press fit. The configuration seals fluids disposed within the volume formed between the current collectors.

Abstract: A power source with miniaturized SOFC fuel cells has: a stack (20) made up of the fuel cells (2), the volume of which is less than 10?3m3; a channel system (24, 25, 26) in which reactants, namely gaseous fuel (50) and also air (40), can be fed to the cells (2) and the fuel that is partially depleted in the cells is subjected to afterburning; a casing (10, 11) and a heat exchanger (6) where supplied air can be heated up with the exhaust gas (60) from the afterburning. The fuel cells contain a disc-shaped solid electrolyte (30) which in addition to ion conducting components also includes electron conducting components which cause an ohmic loss. In this way the quantity ratio of these components is so designed that in an idling operation of the power source a heat flow from the cells to the environment can be compensated by the ohmic loss.

Abstract: A fuel cell includes a plurality of metal clip members for holding outer regions of first and second metal separators at a plurality of positions. Each of the metal clip member includes a side plate and first and second holding portions. The side plate is curved at opposite ends, and the first and second holding portions are extending from the opposite ends of the side plate. The first and second holding portions generates a predetermined elastic force for holding the first and second metal separators. The outer ends of the first and second metal separators are covered by insulating sections, and the insulating sections are held between the first and second holding portions so that the entire unit cell is tightened by the predetermined elastic force.

Abstract: A modular multi-stack fuel-cell assembly in which the fuel-cell stacks are situated within a containment structure and in which a gas distributor is provided in the structure and distributes received fuel and oxidant gases to the stacks and receives exhausted fuel and oxidant gas from the stacks so as to realize a desired gas flow distribution and gas pressure differential through the stacks. The gas distributor is centrally and symmetrically arranged relative to the stacks so that it itself promotes realization of the desired gas flow distribution and pressure differential.

Abstract: A front access battery module for supporting batteries during seismic stress, comprising a pair of spaced side panels, a rear panel spanning the side panels and connected thereto at opposing side edges, a shelf forming a base for supporting batteries and means for securing the module to a support structure and fastening means for securing modules together to form a multi-tier battery rack system wherein the anchoring means and connecting means are accessible from the open front access end of the module.

Abstract: An air-cooled battery enclosure includes a battery tray frame having a floor section including a plurality of outer slats joined to a lower floor frame. A plurality of corner posts extend upward from the lower floor frame. An array of a plurality of criss-crossed inner slats are joined to the outer slats. Outer side walls join the posts, the outer slats and a set of inner slats in a criss-crossed array of cubbyhole compartments. Each cubby hole compartment contains a battery. A plurality of air spaces are located between respective adjacent walls of the enclosure frame for circulation of cooling gas, such as air. In an alternate embodiment stackable battery trays have outer walls with corrugations to space batteries within the tray from outer walls and an open mesh floor. Criss-crossed internal spring baffles with shallow bends within the trays form spaces for the circulation of cooling gas.

Abstract: A microporous polyolefin battery separator membrane is extremely high in porosity, high in puncture strength, very low in shrinkage and with shutdown temperature of 130-140 degrees C. and melt integrity greater than 165 degrees C. It is made of UHMWPE having a weight-average molecular weight of 1×106 or more and an inert filler. A second microporous polyolefin battery separator has a shutdown temperature of between 95 and 110 degrees C. and a melt integrity of more than 165 degrees C. It is made from an UHMWPE having a weight-average molecular weight of 1×106 or more, a shutdown (LMWPE) having a weight-average molecular weight of 4500 or less and an inert filler. Both membranes have a thickness of 5-75 microns, a porosity of 30-95%, an air permeability of 1-200 sec/10 cc, an average pore diameter of 0.001 to 1 micron and puncture strength of more than 300 grams/25 ?m.

Abstract: A microporous polyolefin battery separator membrane is extremely high in porosity, high in puncture strength, very low in shrinkage and with shutdown temperature of 130-140 degrees C. and melt integrity greater than 165 degrees C. It is made of UHMWPE having a weight-average molecular weight of 1×106 or more and an inert filler. A second microporous polyolefin battery separator has a shutdown temperature of between 95 and 110 degrees C. and a melt integrity of more than 165 degrees C. It is made from an UHMWPE having a weight-average molecular weight of 1×106 or more, a shutdown (LMWPE) having a weight-average molecular weight of 4500 or less and an inert filler. Both membranes have a thickness of 5-75 microns, a porosity of 30-95%, an air permeability of 1-200 sec/10 cc, an average pore diameter of 0.001 to 1 micron and puncture strength of more than 300 grams/25 ?m.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition and A photosensitive medium for volume hologram recording comprises a photopolymerization reactive compound (a monomer) and any one of the following binder: (a) an organic-inorganic hybrid polymer obtainable by copolymerizing an organometallic compound of the formula 1 “R1m M1 (OR2)” and an ethylenic monomer and/or its hydrolyzed polycondensate; (b) an organic-inorganic hybrid polymer obtainable by copolymerizing an organometallic compound of the formula 3 “R4m Si (OR5)n” and an ethylenic monomer and/or its hydrolyzed polycondensate; and (c) a binder resin bonded to a metal or a combination use of a binder resin containing a hydroxyl group and/or carboxyl group and a metal chelate compound.

Abstract: A substrate for photomask has a top surface and a back surface, the substrate being square in shape, an end surface formed along the thickness thereof and a chamfered surface formed on a perimeter edge region where the end surface and the top surface meet and another region where the end surface and the back surface meet, a size of the perimeter edge of the substrate is 300 mm or more on a side and the end surface and the chamfered surface each has a roughened surface having a surface roughness (Ra) ranging from 0.03 ?m to 0.3 ?m.

Abstract: A photomask is proposed which comprises a transparent substrate and a light shielding film formed on a principal surface of the substrate, with the light shielding film having an aperture pattern thereon. And, a recess is provided at the portion of the transparent substrate which is exposed in the bottom of the aperture pattern. The dimension of the recess is larger than that of the aperture, and a peripheral portion of each of the aperture pattern of the light shielding film is configured as an eaves-like extension in response to the density of a neighboring pattern of the aperture pattern.

Abstract: An integrated circuit, a method and a system for designing and a method fabricating the integrated circuit. The method including: (a) generating a photomask level design of an integrated circuit design of the integrated circuit, the photomask level design comprising a multiplicity of integrated circuit element shapes; (b) designating regions of the photomask level design between adjacent integrated circuit element shapes, the designated regions large enough to require placement of fill shapes between the adjacent integrated circuit elements based on fill shape rules, the fill shapes not required for the operation of the integrated circuit; and (c) placing one or more monitor structure shapes of a monitor structure in at least one of the designated regions, the monitor structure not required for the operation of the integrated circuit.

Abstract: The present invention provides a one-component magnetic toner for developing an electrostatic charge image, which do not cause an image defect by toner aggregation or fusion even though a device is miniaturized and the processing speed of the device is accelerated, and which allows easy recycling of a toner cartridge. The one-component magnetic toner for developing an electrostatic charge image of the present invention is one comprising: toner particles comprising fine magnetic particles (A) and a binder resin; and fine magnetic particles (B) externally added to the toner particles, in which the maximum permeability (?mA) of the fine magnetic particles (A) contained in the toner particles and the maximum permeability (?mB) of the fine magnetic particles (B) externally added to the toner particles satisfy a relationship represented by the following formula (1) ?mB/?mA?1.8 .

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic image comprising toner particles which include a binder resin, a wax and a colorant, wherein the wax has a melting point of between 50 and 150° C., the wax exists in the toner particles in domains of 2 ?m or less mean particle size and (a) the mean circularity of the toner particles as measured by a Flow Particle Image Analyser is at least 0.90; and (b) the shape factor, SF1, of the toner particles is at most 165. A process for the manufacture of said toner which comprises the following steps: providing a latex dispersion; providing a wax dispersion; providing a colorant dispersion; mixing the latex dispersion, wax dispersion and colorant dispersion; and causing the mixture to flocculate.

Abstract: A toner comprising toner particles comprising a first binder resin; a second binder resin different from said first binder resin and having a glass transition temperature of from 40 to 55° C.; a colorant; and a release agent, and a particulate resin material which is located on surface of the toner particles with a coverage of from 50 to 100%, and which has a glass transition temperature of from 50 to 90° C., wherein a weight ratio (W2/W1) between the second binder resin (W2) and the first binder resin (W1) is from 5/95 to 40/60, and wherein a ratio (G?80/G?180) between a storage modulus of the toner at 80° C. (G?80) and a storage modulus at 180° C. (G?180) is from 100 to 1,000.

Abstract: The toner having a significantly improved dispersibility of a colorant in toner particles is provided. The present invention provides a dry toner comprising: (i) a binder resin; (ii) a colorant; (iii) at least one of metallophthalocyanine and a metallophthalocyanine derivative having a central metal selected from the group consisting of Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Mn, Mg, and Al; and (iv) a polymer containing 0.5 to 20% by mass of a base unit derived from a specific polymerizable monomer having an amide group.

Abstract: A pulverized starting material is supplied quantitatively from a quantitative feeder 1 to a first mechanical pulverizer 2 where the material is pulverized moderately, the resulting moderately pulverized material is supplied quantitatively from a quantitative feeder 3 to a second mechanical pulverizer 4 where the material is finely pulverized, and the resulting finely pulverized material is introduced into a coarse-powder classifier 5 to classify coarse powder not smaller than a predetermined particle diameter. The finely pulverized material from which the coarse powder was removed by classification is further classified fine powder not larger than a predetermined size by a fine-powder classifier 7 to produce a classified product, while the separated classified coarse powder is introduced into a returning-powder feeder 6.

Abstract: A negative type radiation sensitive resin composition comprising: (A) an alkali-soluble resin containing the polymerized unit of a polymerizable unsaturated compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group and having a weight average molecular weight of 4,100 to 20,000 and a weight average molecular weight/number average molecular weight ratio of more than 1.25 to not more than 2.00; (B) a radiation sensitive acid generating agent; and (C) an acid crosslinking agent. This composition can be used with an alkali developer having a normal concentration, can form a high-resolution rectangular line-and-space resist pattern, and provides a chemically amplified negative type resist which is free from a resist pattern defect (bridging or chip line) after development and has excellent sensitivity, developability and dimensional fidelity.

Abstract: A thermal donor element having a dye layer on an extruded substrate, wherein the extruded substrate includes a polyester-containing material and a slip agent, but does not contain silica particles, is disclosed.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition, comprises (A) a sulfonium salt represented by formula (I); wherein Y1, Y2 and Y3 each independently represents a nitrogen-containing heteroaryl group, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group or an alkenyl group, at least one of Y1, Y2 and Y3 represents a nitrogen-containing heteroaryl group, and at least two of Y1, Y2 and Y3 may combine with each other to form a ring; Xn? represents an n-valent non-nucleophilic anion; and n represents an integer of 1 to 3.