Abstract: A radar system in which a beat signal is generated by transmitting a transmission signal that is subjected to frequency modulation into a triangular wave and receiving a reflection signal from a target, the beat signal is sampled, and a window function is applied to yield a discrete frequency spectrum. When the window function is applied, a first window function having an amplitude that is gently attenuated from the center of the sampling period toward both sides thereof is applied in a lower frequency band in the frequency spectrum (at close range), and a second window function having an amplitude that is sharply attenuated from the center of the sampling period toward both sides thereof is applied in a higher frequency band in the frequency spectrum (at far range).

Abstract: A method for generating a radar detection threshold includes computing a first plurality of percentile values associated with frequency domain values of frequency domain signals. The first plurality of percentile values is used to generate detection threshold values. Apparatus for generating a radar detection threshold includes a first percentile processor adapted to compute a first plurality of percentile values associated with frequency domain values of frequency domain signals. A threshold processor is adapted to use the plurality of percentile values to generate detection threshold values.

Abstract: In order to generate a signal for canceling a chirped signal, a transmitter generates a cancellation signal along with the transmitted signal, using a single term variable complex gain multiplier adapted to cancel the chirped signal only at its instantaneous frequency, rather than attempting to cancel it with a complex FIR filter that works over the entire bandwidth of the chirped signal. The cancellation signal is varied in amplitude and phase as a function of the frequency of the chirped transmit signal for which it is intended to compensate. Since the signal that is to be cancelled is essentially sinusoidal but swept through a frequency range, the cancellation signal for the instantaneous transmit signal needs to be swept in both amplitude and phase in unison with the change in frequency of the transmit signal in order to accommodate gain and phase changes in the transmitted signal as a function of frequency.

Abstract: A multilayer dielectric substrate includes a first signal via, a second signal via, an internal-layer signal line, an internal-layer ground conductor, and ground vias. The first signal via is connected to a bias-and-control-signal terminal of a high-frequency semiconductor, and is arranged within a region corresponding to the electromagnetic shielding members. The second signal via is arranged outside the region, and is connected to an external terminal for a bias and control signal. The internal-layer signal line connects between the first and the second signal vias. The internal-layer ground conductor is arranged around the first and the second signal vias and the internal-layer signal line. The ground vias are arranged around the first and the second signal vias and the internal-layer signal line, on the internal-layer ground conductor. A resistance film is provided on at least one of an upper surface and a lower surface of the internal-layer signal line.

Abstract: A method and system is provided for obtaining data indicative of at least one characteristic of a continuous medium or at least one localized target located within a predetermined volume of space. The system includes a sensor configuration and a processing circuit. The sensor configuration includes a plurality of sensors for acquiring a plurality of signals from the continuous medium or the target(s). The plurality of sensors have centers spatially separated from each other in at least one spatial dimension. The processing circuit is configured for obtaining data indicative of the characteristic or characteristics of the medium or the target by calculating a plurality of powered weighted increments using the plurality of signals acquired by the sensor configuration and by using a plurality of models for relating the plurality of powered weighted increments to the characteristic or characteristics of the medium or the target.

Abstract: A system for establishing the speed, in a safe manner, of an object (1) which is travelling along a known trajectory, including a device (3, 7) for locating the object and direction of its movement, a receiver (6) for receiving a signal from a plurality of satellites (4, 5) and processing units. For each satellite, a processing unit (8) includes a frequency meter for measuring the frequency shift of the signal received relative to the frequency of the signal transmitted, a device for establishing the vectorial difference of the speeds of the object and the satellite by calculating the Doppler effect and, a calculator of the speed in the movement direction of the object. The measurements of the frequency shift are repeated independently on signals from a plurality of satellites, and the results obtained are combined in order to obtain a speed with the desired level of safety.

Abstract: A satellite positioning system receiver having a battery, wherein the receiver is programmed to determine (310) whether the receiver is connected to a power supply other than its battery, to begin continuous reception (320) of satellite positioning system navigation data when the receiver is connected to a power supply other than its battery, and to store (330) the navigation data received in memory of the receiver.

Abstract: A positioning system or synthetic phase processor or rover station for providing high integrity positions with graduated accuracies. The positioning system includes one or more real time kinematic (RTK) reference stations for receiving GPS signals at established reference positions and measuring reference phases. The positioning system or the rover station selects a synthetic offset vector and uses the synthetic offset vector for inferring synthetic reference phases to a synthetic position. The rover station uses the synthetic reference phases with actual or virtual reference positions for determining a rover position having an added positional error controlled by the synthetic offset vector. For another embodiment a secure rover station dithers a secure position with a synthetic offset vector for providing an unsecure rover position having the added positional error.

Abstract: This invention relates to an object identification device, for the blind, that identifies objects such as walls and cars by detecting the ambient environment through a 94-GHz millimeter-wave image system mounted on the eyeglass and inform the situation to the user by transforming the identified signals to the voice or sound. This invention is designed to not only help the blind in walking but also provide the function to find the person who has a device realizing this invention.

Abstract: A position determining device is disclosed comprising a satellite navigation receiver for automatically providing computed position information, when the device has changed its position relative to a predetermined location, to a paging transmitter for transmission to a paging receiver for readout of the computed position information. The readout may be in the form of coordinates and may be accompanied by a message or alarm. The device may be configured as a portable unit of small size and economical manufacture.

Abstract: A stack-up configuration for a wireless communication device includes a display and keypad on a front face of a housing for the device. A battery for providing power to the components of the wireless communication device is stacked behind the display. A circuit board that holds processing and RF circuitry for the wireless communication device is stacked behind the battery, with a top surface of the circuit board adjacent the battery. Noisy circuitry on the circuit board is covered by shielding on a back surface of the circuit board. An external or internal antenna is connected to the circuit board at a feed point. The antenna in one embodiment of the invention is stacked behind the circuit board, that is, between a back face of the housing and the back surface of the circuit board. The location of the battery between the display and the circuit board lowers the amount of energy radiating from the wireless communications device in the concerned near field range.

Abstract: An antenna includes a substrate, a radiation element, a feeding element, a connection element, and a matching circuit. The substrate includes a first side and a second side. The first side includes a short point and a grounding point. The radiation element includes a first radiator, a second radiator, and a first metal arm. The first radiator and the second radiator are parallel to the first side. The first metal arm is coupled to a joint of the first radiator and the second radiator. The feeding element is coupled between the first metal arm and the grounding point. The connection element is coupled between the first metal arm and the short point. The matching circuit includes a second metal arm and a matching element. The second metal arm extends from the first metal arm. The matching element is coupled to the second metal arm.

Abstract: A method for measuring electromagnetic radiation pattern and gain of radiator using TEM waveguide is disclosed. The method includes the steps of: a) measuring powers of output port of a transverse electric and magnetic (TEM) waveguide by changing arrangements of the radiator located within the TEM waveguide; and b) estimating a radiation power density of the radiator in free space, wherein the radiator is modeled as a dipole moment based on the powers of the output port of the TEM waveguide.

Abstract: The vehicle roof antenna mounting assembly comprises a convex portion (120), a bolt (160) and a leg washer (140). The convex portion is inserted into a mounting hole (RH) of a vehicle roof panel (R) and has a edge portion (125) and a inner threaded hole (126). The bolt has a screw screwed to the threaded hole and is tightened to the convex portion. The leg washer has a plate washer ring (141), a leg portion (142) and a taper portion (144). The leg portion is extendedly provided from the washer ring toward the mounting hole. The taper portion is provided on the leg portion as opposed to the edge portion and abutted on the edge portion to expand the tip portion toward an outside of the mounting hole.

Abstract: A dual-band, space fed antenna array includes a feed array with a first set of feed radiators for operation in a first frequency band of operation and a second set of feed radiators for operation in a second frequency band of operation. A primary array lens assembly is spaced from and illuminated by the feed array. The primary array lens includes a first set of radiator elements and a second set of radiator elements operable in the first frequency band of operation. The primary array lens assembly also includes a third set of radiator elements and a fourth set of radiator elements operable in the second frequency band of operation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a radiation diversity antenna consisting of radiating elements of the slot-line type coupled electromagnetically to a feed line, in which the radiating elements have a tree structure, each radiating element having a length equal to k?s/2 where k is an identical or different integer from one element to the next and ?s is the guided wavelength in the slot-line constituting the radiating element with at least one radiating element comprising a switching means positioned in the slot-line constituting the said radiating element in such a way as to control the coupling between the said radiating element and the feed line as a function of a command. The invention applies chiefly to wireless transmissions.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus includes a monopole antenna forming an antenna element having a metal shell body, and the antenna element has an approximately conical part, a vertex of which is on the side of a power supply part.

Abstract: An antenna having: a core material which is formed by laminating a plurality of thin plates made of a magnetic material, both end portions of the core material being widened in a thickness direction; and a coil which is wound around the core material.

Abstract: A triangle dipole antenna includes a first substrate, a first radiating part, and a second radiating part. The first substrate has a first surface and a second surface, which is opposite to the first surface. In this case, the first surface has a first feeding point and the second surface has a first grounding. The first radiating part is triangular and disposed on the first surface of the first substrate. The first radiating part has a first interior angle electrically connected to the first feeding point. The second radiating part is triangular and disposed on the second surface of the first substrate. The second radiating part has a second interior angle electrically connected to the first grounding.

Abstract: A portable computer including a computer body having a main board and a display apparatus rotatably installed on the computer body. The portable computer also includes a radio communication module provided in a part of the main board formed with a through hole for radio communication and a radio antenna provided in the display apparatus that sends and receives electric waves transmitted to and from the radio communication module. A connector, coupled to the through hole, has a first connection part and a second connection part, wherein a cable member connected to the radio antenna may be detachably connected to the connector and a cable member connected to the radio communication module is also detachably connected to the connector. With this configuration, a radio antenna provided in a display apparatus and a radio communication module on the main board can be connected simply and easily.

Abstract: Method for controlling an input impedance of an antenna (100). The method can include the steps of coupling RF energy from an input RF transmission line (106) to an antenna radiating element (102) through an aperture (112) defined in a ground plane (110). For example, the aperture (112) can be a slot and the radiating element (102) can be a patch type element. The input impedance can thereafter be controlled by selectively varying a volume or a position of a conductive fluid (128) disposed in a predetermined region between the RF transmission line and the antenna radiating element. The volume of conductive fluid (128) can be automatically varied in response to at least one control signal (132).

Abstract: A small multi-mode antenna in which a single feeding point can be used commonly for multiple frequencies and an RF module using such antenna for use in less-costly and small multimedia wireless apparatus is provided. The antenna is configured such that a single feeding point 4 which is common for multiple frequencies is set up at one end of a radiating conductor 1, a first one-port resonant circuit 2 is connected to the one end thereof, and a second one-port resonant circuit 3 is connected to the other end of the radiating conductor 1. With a conductance component of admittance in view from the feeding point 4 toward free space equaling the characteristic admittance in the RF circuit, a susceptance component of the admittance is canceled out by the resonant circuit 2 connected to the feeding point 4 for multiple frequencies.

Abstract: Integrated microwave modular transceiver tile structure in the form of a cube-like configuration, and including (a) a first, generally planar, circuit-board layer structure possessing an array of plural, integrally formed microwave transceivers arranged in a defined row-and-column pattern, with each transceiver having an associated transceiver axis extending generally normal to the plane of said the first layer structure, and (b) a second, generally planar, circuit-board layer structure including transceiver-function operational circuitry operatively connected to the transceivers, and functional to promote operation of the transceivers simultaneously in transmission and reception modes of operation.

Abstract: In an antenna communications unit which, when installed on trucks, allows two-way communications between a driver and fleet logistic centers, historically, a global positioning system (GPS) antenna within a radome has been housed in a cavity beneath a transceiver's messaging antenna. A method and device is provided which moves the GPS antenna from beneath the messaging antenna and places it in an enclosure mounted to the radome.

Abstract: An antenna system may include a base having an opening therein, and a plurality of swing arms each having a concave elongate shape and opposing ends pivotally connected to the base to permit a swinging motion within the opening of the base. The swing arms may be transverse to one another thereby defining an overlap area between the swing arms. The antenna system may further include a respective swing arm positioner connected between the base and each swing arm. An antenna carriage may be movable along the swing arms and which remains at the overlap area between the swing arms. A positioning controller may be connected to each swing arm positioner, and an antenna may be connected to the antenna carriage.

Abstract: A radio frequency identification tag attached to an object and comprising an antenna and an integrated circuit for providing object information to a separate reader. The antenna further comprises a pair of meanderline transmission lines each terminated at a first end for conductive connection to the integrated circuit. A shorting bar connected between the pair of meanderline transmission lines at the first ends is operative to match an antenna impedance with an integrated circuit impedance.

Abstract: An optical device includes a transparent material layer having a desired curved surface configuration, a layer including a variable refractive index material having a dielectric constant anisotropy, at least two transparent electrodes arranged to sandwich the transparent material layer and the variable refractive index material, and a driving device supplying a voltage including driving frequencies f1 and f2 between the transparent electrodes. The difference ?? in the dielectric constant of the variable refractive index material due to the anisotropy is positive at one of the driving frequencies and negative at the other driving frequency.

Abstract: An electron emission device (EED) includes a display panel, first and second electrode drivers, and a controller. The display panel includes first electrodes in the column direction, second electrodes in the row direction, and an electron emission source. The first and the second electrode drivers drive the first and the second electrodes. The controller receives first vertical and horizontal synchronous signals and an input signal including video data, regenerates a first vertical synchronous signal and a second horizontal synchronous signal according to a blank-time information of a blank-time for representing no gray scales of an image and an on-time information of an on-time for representing the gray scales thereof, generates the drive signal for driving the display panel based on the regenerated second vertical and horizontal synchronous signals, and outputs them to the first and second electrode drivers.

Abstract: To precisely reduce fluctuations in brightness of respective light emitters when displaying an image by having a plurality of light emitters emit light, and thereby improve image quality. A display apparatus can be made of an arrangement of a plurality of pixels respectively composed of a predetermined driving circuit and a light emitter that emits light when driven by the driving circuit. Each pixel can include a correction circuit that detects an amount of light for the light emitter using a light receiver made of the same type of material as the light emitter and implements feedback control over the driving circuit based on a detection result.

Abstract: An image display device incorporates a group of pixels of two or more types, each pixel including a light source whose primary wavelength is specific to the type of pixel; a generating device for generating analog pixel signals to be input to the group of pixels from input digital pixel data, wherein the generating device has a converter to convert input digital pixel data into different output digital pixel data appropriate for each type of pixel where the output digital pixel data contains more bits than the input digital pixel data; and an input device for inputting the analog pixel signals to the group of pixels, each pixel including a light emission driver for driving the light source according to the analog pixel signal. An organic EL display device having individual R, G, and B light emission elements enables displaying in desired colors and controllable tones with reduced packaging area for the components of the organic EL display.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display is suitable for displaying images with rapid motions, and comprises an active matrix substrate equipped with a plurality of thin film transistors. The active matrix substrate comprises a plurality of pixels that are placed at the encircled areas of a plurality of scanning lines and a plurality of data lines. Each pixel consists of two thin film transistors and one pixel electrode. The data lines connected electrodes of the thin film transistors are connected to two adjoining data lines respectively, whereas the pixel connected electrodes of the two thin film transistors are together connected to the pixel electrode. The gate electrodes of the two thin film transistors are connected to two adjoining scanning lines respectively.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device of the in-plane switching mode (IPS mode), the potential of data that is output from a data driver is set at values between potentials that are given to common lines. Two levels, i.e., high and low levels, are prepared for the potential to be given to the common lines and the potential is inverted between those levels in every field, whereby the polarity of a voltage between both electrodes of a pixel is inverted. As a result, the potential variation ranges of signals that are output from the data driver and a scan driver can be greatly reduced from those of the conventional case, which contributes to reduction in the power consumption of the drivers. Since the voltage applied to a switching element for controlling each pixel can be reduced, the load of the switching element can also be reduced.

Abstract: For statically driving a liquid-crystal optical-modulation device, an alternating electric field produced by a drive signal is applied to a liquid crystal included therein. In a first period in which the alternating electric field has a first polarity, the drive signal is pulse-width modulated based on a first ON-voltage and a first OFF-voltage. In a second period in which the alternating electric field has a second polarity, the drive signal is pulse-width modulated based on a second ON-voltage and a second OFF-voltage.

Abstract: The purpose of the invention is providing a current-input display device which can emit light at a constant luminance and provide a high definition display. According to the invention, a current which is almost the same as a current source can be inputted by adding a transistor in a pixel circuit, the circuit has a large output resistance enough not to be influenced by a change in I-V characteristic due to a deterioration of a light emitting element, a change in temperature and the like, and a high definition display can be obtained by conducting a correction if there are any influential changes in characteristics.

Abstract: An image display device includes a first display device and a second display device, which is constituted of a smaller number of signal lines than that of the first display device. The signal lines of both display devices are driven by a common drive circuit. The display of images is alternatively or simultaneously performed using these two display devices. To achieve a suppression of vertical smear and low power consumption in this type of device, the images are displayed in an N-line (N being an integer of 1 or more) inversion drive mode when the display is performed on only the first display device and when the display is performed on both of the first display device and the second display device, while the images are displayed in a frame inversion drive mode when the display is performed only on the second display device.

Abstract: An LCD device and a method for driving the device reduces power consumption by transmitting data by using at least two clock signals having different phases. The LCD device displays a picture image by driving an LCD panel that includes multiple source drivers applying data signals to the LCD panel. Multiple gate drivers apply gate driving signals to the LCD panel, a timing controller outputs at least two clock signals having different phases and separately outputs data synchronized with each output signal, and at least two data buses transmit the data separately output from the timing controller to the source drivers. The method for driving the LCD device includes outputting at least two clock signals having different phases, and separately outputting the digital data synchronized with respective clock signals per odd/even numbered data or R/G/B display data through different data buses.

Abstract: A shift register having a plurality of stages connected in cascade shifts an output signal by a plurality of clocks having different phases. Each of the stage includes an input diode to which a signal is input from a preceding stage, a capacitor for holding charge having a voltage level of the input signal, a first transistor that is turned on or off by the held voltage level to output an output signal to a following stage in synchronization with a clock signal, and a second transistor connected between the input diode and an output terminal. A control electrode of the second transistor is connected to the input diode in the following stage. The second transistor has a clamping function for discharging the accumulated charge and turning off the first transistor when the clock signal is phase-shifted.

Abstract: An indicator of a brightness level for a backlight is received. The backlight has a voltage inverter. Either a continuous mode of operation for the voltage inverter or a burst mode of operation for the voltage inverter is selected based at least in part on the indicator.

Abstract: An audible indicator such as an audio tone is associated with the importance of data elements displayed on a visual display screen of data processing apparatus such as a personal computer or work station. At least one characteristic of the audible indicator, for example its pitch or frequence of a tone, is associated with the importance of the data elements. When a user selects a particular date element on the screen, for example using a computer mouse, the audible indicator conveys the importance of the selected data element to the user. This enables visually impaired users to readily locate important data elements on a display screen without reading the entire screen using a screen reader.

Abstract: The aim of the invention is development of a method for input of text by selection with a cursor from a list of letters which operates with various operating elements for control of the cursor and a device for carrying out said method. Said aim is achieved, whereby the text input by letter selection, weighted by the method of a frequency distribution of letter sequences, is carried out with a controlled graphical and/or acoustic cursor. Furthermore, a cursor control unit is connected to a micro-controller by means of a software interface, said micro-controller is connected to a ROM serving the request and a RWM buffering the input characters and a display for display of the data provided by the micro-controller. Said method for the input of text by selection of letters with a cursor on a screen is applicable in electronic devices not provided with a normal typewriter keyboard.

Abstract: A computer mouse stand which takes the form of a flat planar base from which extends upwardly an extensible telescoping tube assembly. The telescoping tube assembly is to be adjustable to various extended positions and then to be fixed in the selected extended position. The lower end of the extensible telescoping tube assembly may be fixedly secured to the base or may be secured to the base by means of a magnet. The upper end of the extensible telescoping tube assembly includes a ball socket with a ball to be mounted in conjunction with the socket. The ball can be connected to a platform or the ball could actually comprise a trackball.

Abstract: An input device has a body and a battery that is retained in the body. A receiver is coupled to a computer via a cable, with the body removably engaging the receiver. The computer delivers power through the cable and the receiver to charge the battery, while the input device simultaneously transmits operational signals to the receiver for further transmission to the computer.

Abstract: Products and processes for providing tactile sensations to input devices or electronic devices are provided. Input devices include mechanical input devices (such as, for example, mechanical switches) and non-mechanical input devices (such as, for example, touchpads). Tactile feedback is provided by using an actuator or other means in communication with the input device or electronic device. A controller may be employed to receive signals from the input devices and control the actuator. Tactile feedback to an input device or electronic device may be provided in response to one or more events or situations. Such an event or situation may be any one designated. Examples of such events and situations include the level of pressure placed on an input device; the availability or lack of availability of a function associated with an input device; and the function, menu, or mode of operation associated with an input device's activation. A variety of feedback types and combinations may be selected.

Abstract: A touch panel display apparatus includes an upper sheet having an upper transparent film formed of one of a crystalline transparent conductive material and an amorphous transparent conductive material, and a lower sheet having a lower transparent film formed of one of an other one of the crystalline transparent conductive material and the amorphous transparent conductive material.

Abstract: A coordinate-capturing apparatus suitable for inputting handwritten characters or diagrams to a computer or a printer is disclosed. The apparatus includes an ultrasonic transmitter mounted on an input pen for transmitting ultrasonic waves, two ultrasonic receivers for receiving ultrasonic waves transmitted form the ultrasonic transmitter, and a distance calculating device for calculating distances between the input pen and the two ultrasonic receivers in order to determine coordinates representing a position of the input pen on the basis of the calculated distances. The apparatus of the invention can perform coordinate detection smoothly even when the input pen moves fast, and has reduced electric power consumption in the input pen to increase the life-span of a battery included in the input pen.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for using a wide keyboard including a wide range of keys in small mobile devices. A method relates to operating a mobile device having a touch sensitive display divided in input and output portions. A first location of a tactile input is detected on an input portion of the touch sensitive display displaying a plurality of keys. Next the input portion display view is zoomed by displaying and linearly magnifying the detected tactile input area and it's surrounding. A second location of a tactile input is detected and a key on the location of a second detected tactile input is highlighted. The highlighted key is activated and identified as an input.

Abstract: A non-linear editing (NLE) system for editing and/or modifying 3D animation information comprises elements represented by clip objects which can be positioned and/or manipulated relative to a time line. The elements can comprise conventional 1D (audio) or 2D (video) information or can comprise 3D animation information which can include animation objects and animation parameters associated with them, as well as 2D renderings of those objects. Positioning and/or manipulation of clip objects representing 3D animation elements can result in alteration of the 2D rendering and or re-rendering of the 3D information, as appropriate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a display control device for a touch panel-type setting-operation unit, which is designed to display a plurality of manually operable keys on a display screen and to perform an input processing corresponding to the operation of one or more of the keys. The display control device is operable, based on an evaluation value representing the operational status of each of the keys, which is derived from the relative operation number of each of the keys in a given period of time, to vary the respective display colors of the display areas for the keys in a stepwise manner using a color gradation from a color with high visibility to a color with low visibility in the order of higher score of the evaluation value.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to haptic devices for use with a variety of computer/video interface devices. Such haptic devices can work in conjunction with and thereby provide “haptic augmentations” to otherwise conventional user-interface devices, including a variety of computer mice known in the art, irrespective of their types and manufactures. Such haptic devices can also be used to convey information to a user by way of haptic sensations.

Abstract: An attribute selection surface for use with a pen is provided. The pen has an electronically controllable marking device and a sensor. The surface comprises a substrate having information disposed thereon, the information comprising human-readable attribute information and coded data adapted to be sensed by the sensor of the pen.