Abstract: A peak voltage detector circuit detects a peak voltage of an input voltage. The input voltage is input into a first input terminal of a comparator. A counter circuit counts up a counter value in synchronization with a first clock signal, when a signal output from the comparator is in a first state. The counter circuit counts down the counter value in synchronization with a second clock signal. A digital-analog conversion circuit outputs an output voltage corresponding to the counter value, and the output voltage is input into a second input terminal of the comparator. The first clock signal has a wave period shorter than that of the second clock signal.

Abstract: A current sensor for measuring an electric current flowing through a conductor includes a ring shaped magnetic core, a bare semiconductor chip, and a case. The magnetic core has a gap and surrounds the conductor. The bare semiconductor chip has a front surface and a vertical Hall effect element formed on the front surface. The bare semiconductor chip is arranged in the gap of the magnetic core to detect a magnetic field generated by the electric current. The magnetic core and the bare semiconductor chip are accommodated in the case. A back surface of the bare semiconductor chip is fixed in the case in such a manner that the front surface of the bare semiconductor chip is parallel to a direction of the magnetic field.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a current measurement device comprising a current sensor comprising: a magnetic circuit, a plurality of windings including at least one excitation winding charged with the excitation of the magnetic circuit, at least one detection winding, wherein the sensor is equipped with windings forming a transformer of which at least one primary winding opposite the magnetic circuit through which a current I to be measured is designed to enter, and at least one secondary winding opposite the magnetic circuit capable of producing a counter reaction magnetic field.

Abstract: A current measuring system has an electrical component configured to provide an electrical current representative of a parameter of interest at an output node; and an analog to digital converter having a current input node in electrical communication with the output node of the electrical component.

Abstract: A measuring device for measuring an electrical current has an alternating-current converter (6) that possesses a primary inductance and an ohmic secondary resistance (RS) and whose output is connected across a measured-value signal conditioning device to a measurement output for a current measuring signal. The output of the alternating-current converter (6) has an ohmic secondary resistance (RS). An active compensation circuit, which at least partially compensates for the voltage drop caused by a current flow in the secondary resistance (RS) at the primary inductance by applying a voltage at the output of the alternating-current converter (6), is disposed between the output of the alternating-current converter (6) and the measurement output.

Abstract: A current measurement device using a Rogowski coil having a generally toroidal-shaped core with a first winding in one direction and a second winding forming a return loop. The coil is positioned within a two-piece electrostatic shield. A first piece of the electrostatic shield is a partially donut-shaped member having a U-shaped cross-section. The coil is positioned in the donut-shaped member and covered by an encapsulating material. The first piece includes a slit through the cross-section thereof to prevent an electrical loop around the perimeter thereof. The second piece of the electrostatic shield is flat and has a donut-shaped configuration. The second piece is configured with inside and outside peripheral edges such that only one or none of the inside/outside edges contact the first piece. The second piece also has a cross-sectional slit which is in registry with the slit in the first piece.

Abstract: A chuck for a probe station.

Abstract: A chuck for a probe station.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a thin input device. The thin input device includes a manipulation means, a displacement detection means, and a housing. The manipulation means is capable of being displaced in any direction. The displacement detection means is electrically connected to an external device and detects the displacement of the manipulation means. The housing detachably is mounted on the support element of the external device and contains the manipulation means.

Abstract: Disclosed herein, in an exemplary embodiment, is a position sensor assembly including a circular-shaped or rhombus-shaped magnet and at least one magnetic flux density sensor, such as a Hall effect sensor, wherein rotation of the magnet is detected by the at least one sensor. The magnet may be positioned coaxially with the longitudinal axis of a rotor shaft of a motor and provided within a support. A position extraction algorithm may be employed using the output from the sensors to detect the position of the rotor shalt.

Abstract: A rotation angle detecting device includes a magnetic member for providing a magnetic field, a magnetic sensor for sensing a change in the magnetic field when the magnetic member rotates relative to the magnetic sensor about a rotation axis. The magnetic sensor is disposed at a single position and includes a pair of sensor elements. The pair of sensor elements is disposed on an imaginary plane that is perpendicular to the rotation axis so that sensing surfaces of the sensor elements have 90 degrees in angle to each other and so that each of the sensing surfaces inclines by 45 degrees in angle to a line intersecting the rotation axis at right angles.

Abstract: A position detecting device has a movable unit, and a hold unit that movably holds the movable unit. One of the movable unit and hold unit has a magnetic field generator having an engaged portion and a guide opening. A magnetic field sensor is provided on the other unit of the movable unit and hold unit. The sensor senses the magnetic field so as to detect the position of the movable unit relative to the hold unit. The magnetic field generator is fixed to the first surface after the magnetic field generator is slidingly moved by a rod member inserted into the guide opening and engaged with the engaged portion so as to dispose the magnetic field generator at a predetermined position.

Abstract: The present invention provides an absolute shaft encoder to measure both the angular position of a shaft from a given radial axis and simultaneously or in sequence to record the number of completed rotations of the shaft passing through a given radial datum axis, the encoder consisting of a first wheel and signal pick up means generating unique incremental signals such that the radial position of the shaft can be recorded and displayed and actions initiated; at least a second wheel providing unique position signals from a further signal pick up; an indexing mechanism operating between the first and second wheels such that the indexing device rotates the second wheel through an angle equal to the angle subtended by each sector at the wheel center wherein, the first wheel is arranged to operate the indexing mechanism whereby for every completed turn of the first wheel the second wheel is indexed two or more times providing two or more position signals to the second wheel's pick up device.

Abstract: A simple circuit configuration without increasing the number of magnetic poles of a magnet can be performed and angular resolution can be improved. The polarities is determined and the absolute values are compared in accordance with the rotation angle of a magnet (1) based on sensor output signals a and b outputted from the magnetic sensors (2) and (3) to produce polarity determination signals c and d and absolute-value-comparison signals e, f, and g. The rotation angle of the magnet (1) is determined based on the polarity determination signals c and d and the absolute-value-comparison signals e, f, and g to output a determination result signal h.

Abstract: A device for measuring a current flowing in an electrical conductor. The device comprises a magnetic circuit coupled to an electrical conductor. The magnetic circuit has an air gap and a magnetic field sensitive component disposed in the air gap to measure a magnetic field generated by the electrical conductor. A control core has a control winding configured to control an effective length of the air gap when the control winding is energized. A magnetic shield at least partially encloses the magnetic circuit, the magnetic field sensitive component and the control core.

Abstract: With a view toward implementing a thermal controlling method for making reversible a temperature characteristic of a magnetic field generator using permanent magnets small in Hcj, a magnetic field generator whose temperature characteristic is reversible, using permanent magnets small in Hcj, and an MRI apparatus provided with such a magnetic field generator, there is provided a method for controlling the temperature of a magnetic field generator having a pair of disc-shaped permanent magnets whose magnetic poles opposite in polarity to each other are opposed to each other with spacing defined therebetween, and a yoke that forms return passes for magnetic fluxes of the permanent magnets, comprising the steps of raising the temperature from room temperature to a temperature higher than the room temperature, maintaining the temperature higher than the room temperature, and lowering the temperature from the temperature higher than the room temperature to the room temperature, whereby the temperature characteristi

Abstract: A water and fat image are acquired using a pulse sequence in which NMR signals for one image data set are acquired with a readout gradient of one polarity and NMR signals for the other image data set are acquired with a readout gradient of the opposite polarity. A misalignment of fat signals caused by chemical shift is corrected by calculating separate water and fat image data sets in k-space and then transforming them to real space images.

Abstract: A signal processing system for active, environmental, electronic noise suppression is proposed. The system employs a noise sense coil outside the imaging volume to detect the environmental electronic noise, it subtracts the correlated noise in the environmental signal from the imaging signal. The noise suppression eliminates the need for the RF shield around the room containing the scanner.

Abstract: A method for producing images of a subject containing M spin species using a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system includes obtaining N k-space data matrices from N k-space data sets acquired with the MRI system using a pulse sequence with an individual associated echo time. The k-space data matrices each include corresponding data at the same plurality of k-space locations and time stamps are tracked for each k-space location. For each k-space location, a set of linear equations in k-space is solved. The set of linear equations relates corresponding data from the N k-space data matrices, echo times and time stamps to desired calculated k-space data. Calculated data in k-space which is corrected for chemical shift is produced corresponding to each k-space location and aggregated to obtain a k-space calculated data set. The k-space calculated data set is transformed to image space to obtain a corresponding image.

Abstract: A system wirelessly supplies electrical power to an RF coil and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for an MRI system. The system supplies power to at least operate the RF coil and ADC without the use of a battery and without use of a wired connection external to the bore of the magnet.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electronic metal detector having transmit electronics comprising switching electronics arranged and adapted to generate a transmit signal, the transmit electronics comprising at least two power sources, a first power source and a second power source, the transmit electronics being connected to a transmit coil arranged and adapted to transmit an alternating magnetic field, wherein the switching electronics are adapted and arranged to switch a first voltage of the first power source to the transmit coil for at least a first period and also a third period, the switching electronics being adapted and arranged to switch a second voltage of the second power source to the transmit coil for at least a second period.

Abstract: A system for the monitoring of the state of a battery used in a vehicle and to which electrical elements comprising at least one electrical consumer and/or at least one electrical generator are connected comprises means for the detection of the battery voltage, means for the extraction of voltage frequency components from the detected battery voltage at different frequencies, means for the detection of the current flowing out of or into the battery, means for the extraction of current frequency components from the detected battery current at the same frequencies at which the voltage frequency components were extracted, means for the determination of internal impedances of the battery from the voltage frequency components and current frequency components extracted at a respective frequency, means for the storage of predetermined relationships between the internal impedance and the battery state for each of the respective frequencies and means for the determination of the battery state from the determined inter

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus for and method of measuring the composition and the pressure of the discharged gas from an ion gauge by using a residual gas analyzer. In this regard, there are provided a vacuum container 200 divided into a pressure container 210 and a discharge container 220 by means of a partition 235 having an orifice 230 formed thereon; an ion gauge 100 mounted at the pressure container 210 side of the vacuum container 200 for discharging the gas at the time of vacuum formation; a residual gas analyzer 240 mounted at the pressure container 210 side of the vacuum container 200 for measuring the composition and the pressure of the residual gas; pump means disposed at one side of the discharge container 220 of the vacuum container 200 for discharging the inside gas; and heating means disposed at the vacuum container 200 for heating the vacuum container 200 to a predetermined temperature.

Abstract: [PROBLEMS] To prevent a specimen from being diffused by the improper capacity of tubing. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] This specimen pretreating device comprises a micro scale or nano scale high-performance liquid chromatograph having a capillary column (2), a probe (1) integrally formed at the tip of the capillary column (2), and an additive feeding flow passage (16). The probe (1) is formed in a multi-tube structure in which a plurality of tubes are disposed on a same axis. The innermost tube is located at the tip of the capillary column (2), and one of the outer tubes is used as an additive supply tube converging an additive solution to an eluent solvent eluted from the capillary column (2) to form liquid drips including the eluent solvent and an additive and the liquid drips are dripped from the tip of the prove (1). The specimen is not diffused since a detector is not present it the flow passage.

Abstract: A power controller system is described herein, which may consist of one or more power controller ICs and other components. Each power controller selectively couples power supply voltages to a plurality of electrical devices, such as cards that have been inserted into expansion slots in a server. To simplify processing by a system processor monitoring the health of the power subsystem, each power controller IC asserts a power-good signal at a power-good terminal only if the operating conditions for all channels are satisfactory. A power good signal is generated even if a channel is not supplying power to a channel due to a card retention switch signal not being asserted or the channel is not enabled. The power-good signals from all power controllers in the system are then ANDed together to determine if any of the power controllers are experiencing unsatisfactory conditions.

Abstract: An apparatus and method detects an open condition of a grounding path provided by a rotor grounding brush electrically connecting a rotor body of a rotor to electrical ground. The rotor includes an insulated field winding wrapped around the rotor body and is configured to generate a magnetic field upon receipt of an exciter voltage across lower and upper extremities of the insulated field winding. The method includes applying a square wave voltage signal to a second end of each of a first and a second buffer resistor, where a first end of each of the buffer resistors is operatively connected to respective upper and lower leads of the exciter voltage source, and calculating the total capacitance between the insulated field winding and electrical ground. The total capacitance when compared to a pre-selected capacitance value is determinative of the absence of the grounding path.

Abstract: An input detecting circuit for an electric-leakage protection device with self-diagnostic function includes an analog electric-leakage unit, a magnetic electric-leakage induction ring, an operational amplifier, and an inverse feedback circuit. The inverse feedback circuit includes a first resistance and a second circuit unit shunted with the first resistance. The second circuit unit includes a second resistance and a unidirectional break-over unit connected in series with the second resistance.

Abstract: Cable diagnostic test methods, systems and apparatus are disclosed that utilize “standing wave” principles to facilitate identification and location of insulation defect(s) along a power cable. The methods/systems measure dissipation factors and dielectric constants associated with the power cable insulation and the impedance of the power cable conductor at any number of points or sections along the axial length of the cable.

Abstract: Described are methods and apparatus, including computer program products, for topological mapping using a conductive infrastructure. A conductive infrastructure of a structure is excited with an excitation signal. The radiated signal is received, the radiated signal being based on the excitation signal and an impedance discontinuity within the conductive infrastructure. A location associated with the impedance discontinuity is determined based on the received radiated signal.

Abstract: A method for contact-free testing of antennas applied to a material web, wherein the material web having the antennas is passed to a measurement device. The antennas are passed past an assigned measurement antenna arrangement of the measurement device in the region of the measurement device and the measurement antenna arrangement has a high-frequency signal Smess of a transmitter applied to it. This signal is correlated with a pre-determined working frequency fA of the antennas. The high-frequency signal Srück that returns from the measurement antenna arrangement is determined and compared with default values, and the adherence to production tolerances is determined by the comparison of the returning high-frequency signal Srück with the default values for each of the individual antennas.

Abstract: A test signal generating apparatus for a semiconductor integrated circuit includes a fuse control unit that generates a plurality of fuse enable signals in response to a clock and a power-up signal, and a plurality of test mode fuses that individually output test mode fuse signals so as to generate test signals in response to the fuse enable signals after a test mode is completed.

Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit is provided which includes a laser fuse circuit made to store a first trimming code by a laser radiation, an electric fuse circuit made to store a second trimming code by a voltage application, and an adjusting circuit adjusting an electric potential level or a timing depending on the first or second trimming code.

Abstract: A method and apparatus adapted to calibrate signal path of a signal analysis system such that loading effects of additional probes are substantially removed from the measurement. A signal under test from a device under test is coupled to a test probe and used with selectable impedance loads in the test probe to acquires sets of samples for characterizing transfer parameters of the device under test and compute open circuit voltages at the test probe. Other probes are coupled to the device under test and a set of measurement samples are acquired via the test probe. An equalization filter in either the frequency or time domain is computed from the open circuit voltage and measurement samples for reducing signal errors attributable to the measurement loading of the device under test by the test probe and other probes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus adapted to calibrate a signal path of a signal analysis system such that digital samples acquired by the system are processed for representing an arbitrary impedance loading of the device under test. The method and apparatus calibrates the signal path to characterize transfer parameters of the device under test within a spectral domain. A reflection coefficient (FL) is defined representative of an arbitrary impedance load coupled to the device under test and an equalization filter is computed to represent the loading of the device under test by the arbitrary impedance. Additional digital samples are acquired using the equalization filter to effect thereby a representation of the arbitrary impedance loading of the device under test.

Abstract: A method of accurately computing amplitude and phase noise of oscillators and generating a general purpose noise model of oscillators, mixers, and amplifiers in frequency domain analysis of analog electronic circuits and using same. A method for computing amplitude jitter, frequency jitter, sideband noise, and plain phase noise for oscillators, mixers, and amplifiers and modeling these sub-circuits accurately within a frequency domain analysis of an analog electronic circuit.

Abstract: A system (10) for monitoring PLC impedance of a phase conductor 12.1 of a high voltage overhead power transmission line (OHTL) 12 comprises a hybrid 40 comprising a first port (40), a second port (40.2) and a third port (40.3). The hybrid is configured to divide power received at the first port between the second and third ports, at least partially to isolate the second port from power received at the third port and at least partially to isolate the third port from power received at the second port. The isolation is a function of an impedance connected to the first port 40.1. The first port is connected to the phase conductor. The second port is connected to be driven by an alternating signal source (14). The second and third ports are connected to a monitoring logging device (42) for monitoring signals at the second and third ports, thereby to monitor the isolation at second and third ports and hence impedance at the first port.

Abstract: A method and apparatus adapted to calibrate a signal path of a signal analysis system such that digital samples of a signal under test acquired by the system are processed for representing the impedance of a device under test. The method and apparatus calibrates the signal path to characterize transfer parameters of the device under test within a spectral domain. A reference impedance (Zref) is retrieved that is associated with the signal analysis system. The transfer parameters of the device under test and the reference impedance (Zref) are processed to effect thereby a representation of the device under test impedance (Zeq) as a function of frequency.

Abstract: An inspection apparatus for acquiring information on a measurement object using electromagnetic waves, comprising a substrate; a transmission line that is formed on the substrate; an electromagnetic wave generating unit for supplying an electromagnetic wave to the transmission line; an electromagnetic wave detecting unit for detecting the electromagnetic wave that has propagated through the transmission line; and a walled structure. The walled structure includes a side wall portion that extends along the transmission line within a region in which the electromagnetic wave that propagates through the transmission line and the measurement object interact with each other.

Abstract: Methods, systems and devices are described for detecting a measurable capacitance using sigma-delta measurement techniques. According to various embodiments, a voltage is applied to the measurable capacitance using a first switch. The measurable capacitance is allowed to share charge with a passive network. If the charge on the passive network is past a threshold value, then the charge on the passive network is changed by a known amount for a sufficient number of repetitions until the measurable capacitance can be detected. Such a detection scheme may be readily implemented using conventional components, and can be particularly useful in sensing the position of a finger, stylus or other object with respect to a button, slider, touchpad or other input sensor.

Abstract: Methods, systems and devices are described for detecting a measurable capacitance using sigma-delta measurement techniques. According to various embodiments, a voltage is applied to the measurable capacitance using a first switch. The measurable capacitance is allowed to share charge with a passive network. If the charge on the passive network is past a threshold value, then the charge on the passive network is changed by a known amount for a sufficient number of repetitions until the measurable capacitance can be detected. Such a detection scheme may be readily implemented using conventional components, and can be particularly useful in sensing the position of a finger, stylus or other object with respect to a button, slider, touchpad or other input sensor.

Abstract: A device determined the state of a soot particle filter of an internal combustion engine. An electrical measuring arrangement is embodied as a soot sensor for measuring a soot deposit and comprises an electrical component with a conductor structure for exciting an electrical or magnetic field which can be influenced by the soot deposit and characterizes an electrical or magnetic characteristic variable of the component. A measuring arrangement measures the electrical or magnetic characteristic variable of the component as a measure of the soot deposit. The conductor structure is arranged so that a partial volume region of the soot particle filter is penetrated by the electrical field, and the partial volume region forms part of the component.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide systems, methods and program products related to a tether free pigable inspection tool capable of detecting holidays and able to read and store non-conductive internal coating thickness values in very long conductive pipes, along with distance values for further off-line analysis. The inspection tool includes a plurality of thickness probes, a data storage unit, a control unit, a plurality of navigation wheels and a holiday detector that uses an electrical conductive medium, such as a gas or fluid, as the ground connection. A closed loop configuration is adopted allowing the system to autocorrect itself for different coating thicknesses along the pipe.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for detection and prevention of bulk complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) latchup. A separate power distribution is provided for coupling a positive voltage supply rail to the N well and a ground voltage supply rail to the P well of the CMOS circuit. At least one sensor monitors current flow in a bias voltage applied to at least one of an N well and a P well of the CMOS circuitry. A latchup event is detected responsive to a predefined increase in the monitored current flow. A switch temporarily interrupts the connection of at least one of the N well and the P well to the respective voltage supply rail when the latchup event is detected.

Abstract: A circuit module testing apparatus and method are provided. According to various embodiments, a circuit module testing apparatus includes a printed circuit board, a socket receptacle adapted to be connected to the printed circuit board, a socket having pins on a first side, the pins adapted to be removably inserted into the socket receptacle, the socket adapted to receive a circuit module for testing, and a test circuit board soldered to the first side of the socket, the test circuit board having selected pins shorted for testing the module and clipped to prevent engagement with the socket receptacle. According to one embodiment, the test circuit board has selected pins shorted for interconnect built-in self-testing (IBIST). Other aspects and embodiments are provided herein.

Abstract: A probe card includes a first probe plate having a first plurality of tapered apertures formed therein. Each of the tapered apertures has a first opening that is smaller than a second opening. The first openings and the second openings are on opposite surfaces of the first probe plate. The probe card further includes a second probe plate having a second plurality of tapered apertures formed therein. Each of the tapered apertures has a first opening that is smaller than a second opening. The first openings and the second openings are on opposite surfaces of the second probe plate. The surfaces having the second openings are disposed adjacent to one another. Pairs of the tapered apertures of the first and second probe plates substantially align. The probe card further includes a plurality of probes, wherein each of the probes is disposed in one of the pairs of the tapered apertures.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a sheet-like probe that permits forming a front-surface electrode part small in diameter and surely achieving a stable electrically connected state even to a circuit device, on which electrodes have been formed at a small pitch, and prevents the electrode structures from falling off from an insulating film to achieve high durability, and a production process and applications thereof.

Abstract: A probe, a method of manufacturing the probe and a probe card having the probe are disclosed. The probe includes a first connecting member, a body and a tip. Specially, the body integrally includes a bump and a beam. The body is fixed to an electric component by the first connecting member. In addition, the probe card may include a printed circuit board and the electric component as well as the above probe. Here, the probe is independently formed. The probe is then fixed to the electric component so that damage to the electric component may be effectively prevented.

Abstract: A planarizer for a probe card assembly. A planarizer includes a first control member extending from a substrate in a probe card assembly. The first control member extends through at least one substrate in the probe card assembly and is accessible from an exposed side of an exterior substrate in the probe card assembly. Actuating the first control member causes a deflection of the substrate connected to the first control member.

Abstract: Example embodiments may provide a wafer type probe card, a method of fabricating a wafer type probe card, and/or a semiconductor test apparatus having the wafer type probe card. The wafer type probe card may include a semiconductor and a plurality of probing chips. The semiconductor substrate may include a plurality of probing area each including a first surface and/or a second surface opposite to the first surface. Each of the plurality of probing chips may include a plurality of conductive first pads arranged in the first surface of each of the plurality of probing areas and/or a plurality of conductive second pads arranged in the second surface of each the plurality of probing chips to be respectively connected to the first pads.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a high density test probe which provides a means for testing a high density and high performance integrated circuits in wafer form or as discrete chips. The test probe is formed from a dense array of elongated electrical conductors which are embedded in an compliant or high modulus elastomeric material. A standard packaging substrate, such as a ceramic integrated circuit chip packaging substrate is used to provide a space transformer Wires are bonded to an array of contact pads on the surface of the space transformer. The space transformer formed from a multilayer integrated circuit chip packaging substrate. The wires are as dense as the contact location array. A mold is disposed surrounding the array of outwardly projecting wires. A liquid elastomer is disposed in the mold to fill the spaces between the wires.