Abstract: A system may include a body defining a plurality of apertures, a plurality of conductive elements, each of the plurality of conductive elements disposed within a respective one of the plurality of apertures, an ionizable material disposed within each of the plurality of apertures, and a device coupled to each of plurality of conductive elements and to associate charge received from each of plurality of conductive elements with one or more respective image pixels.

Abstract: A rotary device (1) is provided for an optic tomograph, with the sample carrier (4) with the object (5) to be examined being rotational around a predetermined axis (6) of the object, with the rotary device (1) having a rotary module (8; 15), which can cause a rotation around a first rotary axis (10), a first positioning module (7) connected to the rotary module (8), by which the first rotary module (8; 15) can be positioned along the first rotary axis (10), and a second positioning module (9; 11; 12; 16; 17) connected to the rotary module (8; 15), at which the sample carrier (4) with the object (5) to be examined can be fastened, allowing the axis (6) of the object to be positioned in reference to the first rotary axis (10) by the second positioning module (9; 11, 12; 16; 17) such that a rotation of the rotary module (8; 15) rotates the object (5) around the axis (6) of the object.

Abstract: A plurality of segmental images captured of teeth are analyzed, and feature information including directions in which the segmental images are oriented, angles of inclination of straight lines related to the teeth, and width and lengths of the teeth is extracted. According to the feature information, which may also include therapeutic information of the teeth, display positions and display postures of the segmental images are calculated, and the segmental images are displayed in locations based on the calculated display positions and display postures.

Abstract: A method for inspection of a sample includes directing an excitation beam to impinge on an area of a planar sample that includes a feature having sidewalls perpendicular to a plane of the sample, the sidewalls having a thin film thereon. An intensity of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) emitted from the sample responsively to the excitation beam is measured, and a thickness of the thin film on the sidewalls is assessed based on the intensity. In another method, the width of recesses in a surface layer of a sample and the thickness of a material deposited in the recesses after polishing are assessed using XRF.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for determining a target-to-surface distance (TSD) between a target region in a body and an actual point of entry of a radiation beam into the body from a radiation source. The method may include determining an absorbed dose of radiation from the radiation beam at the target region using the TSD. The method may also include compensating for both the motion of the target region with respect to the radiation source, and the motion of surrounding tissue relative to the target region. The apparatus may include a sensor system to determine the actual point of entry of the radiation beam into the body.

Abstract: Radiation therapy or diagnostic that will ultimately be delivered in a manner that, in addition to being spatially precise, is capable of adapting instantaneously to changes in patient or subject anatomy. The related system and method can adapt to the time dependent geometry of internal patient anatomy and yield a temporally precise IMRT beam that is optimized for the instantaneous configuration of the internal target and avoidance structures.

Abstract: A system to provide enhanced computational efficiency in determining dose in a media of varying density from a high-energy radiation-beam for radiation treatment, program product, and related methods are provided. The system can include a radiation treatment planning computer and radiation treatment planning program product stored in the memory of the radiation treatment planning computer and adapted to enhance optimization of a radiation treatment plan for delivering radiation to a complex medium defining a patient volume.

Abstract: Methods for characterizing an inspected object on the basis of attenuation determined from pair-wise illuminated voxels. A beam of penetrating radiation characterized by a propagation direction and an energy distribution is scanned across an object, while scatter detectors with collimated fields-of-view detect radiation scattered by each voxel of the inspected object that is intercepted by the incident beam of penetrating radiation. By calculating the attenuation of penetrating radiation between pairs of voxels of incidence of the incident beam, a tomographic image is obtained characterizing the three-dimensional distribution of attenuation in the object of one or more energies of penetrating radiation, and thus of various material characteristics.

Abstract: A radiography apparatus includes a conversion unit having conversion elements arranged in a row-column pattern to convert radiations into an electrical signal. In an object-image reading operation, the conversion unit detects an object image based on illuminated radiations, and a drive circuit drives the conversion unit so as to allow the conversion unit to output a signal based on the object image. In an offset-data reading operation, the conversion unit detects offset data in a period when the radiations are not illuminating, and the drive circuit drives the conversion unit so as to allow the conversion unit to output a signal based on the offset data. When the numbers of lines driven concurrently by the drive circuit in the object-image reading operation is represented by n (equal to 1 or greater) and the numbers of lines driven concurrently by the drive circuit in offset-data reading operation is represented by m, the drive circuit controls the conversion unit so as to satisfy the expression: n<m.

Abstract: A radiography system in which an operator can confirm a radiographic image on a console currently used by the operator even when the operator moves from one console to another and radiography efficiency of the radiography can be improved, and a radiography program therefor are provided. For this sake, the radiography system includes: one or more X-ray image detectors 1 for obtaining radiographic image data and transmitting the obtained radiographic image data; and a plurality of consoles 2, each capable of obtaining an operator ID of the operator of the console 2 and, of displaying a confirmation image relating to the received radiographic image data when receiving the radiographic image data from the X-ray image detector 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to an X-ray tube (11/12) for high dosing performances, a corresponding method for the production of high dosing performances with X-ray tubes (11/12) and method for the production of corresponding X-ray devices (11/12), wherein an anode (31/32) and a cathode (21/22) are arranged opposite each other in a vacuumed internal chamber (41/42). Electrons (e?) are accelerated by means of high voltage which can be applied to the anode (31/32). The anode (31/32) is made of a metal layer having a high ordinal number which is used to convert the electrons (e?) into X-ray radiation (Y) with the aid of a coolant. The cathode (21/22) comprises an essentially transparent carrier material for X-ray radiation (Y) and an essentially transparent electron emitter layer for X-ray radiation (Y). According to the invention, the cathode (31/32) can, in particular, close the vacuumed internal chamber (41/42) from the outside.

Abstract: Systems, methods and apparatus are provided through which a bin that is operable to store digital X-ray detectors includes one or more shock absorbers on the inside of the digital X-ray detector storage bin.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gantry for an x-ray device. According to the invention at least one screening device used to reduce interactions with electromagnetic disturbance fields is provided for the at least one transmitter for the non-contact power or signal transmission between a stationary part and a rotatable part of the gantry.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for communicating through a phone having a voice recognition function are provided. The method of performing communication using a phone having a voice recognition function includes converting to an incoming call notification and voice recognition mode when a phone call is received; converting to a communication connection and speakerphone mode when voice information related to a communication connection instruction is recognized; performing communication using a speakerphone; and ending communication when voice information related to a communication end instruction is recognized during communication using the speakerphone. Therefore, when a phone call is received, a mode of a phone is converted to a speakerphone mode with a voice instruction using a voice recognition function, and thus communication can be performed without using a hand.

Abstract: A mass-scale, user-independent, device-independent, voice messaging system that converts unstructured voice messages into text for display on a screen is disclosed. The system comprises (i) computer implemented sub-systems and also (ii) a network connection to human operators providing transcription and quality control; the system being adapted to optimise the effectiveness of the human operators by further comprising 3 core sub-systems, namely (i) a pre-processing front end that determines an appropriate conversion strategy; (ii) one or more conversion resources; and (iii) a quality control sub-system.

Abstract: A mass-scale, user-independent, device-independent, voice messaging system that converts unstructured voice messages into text for display on a screen is disclosed. The system comprises (i) computer implemented sub-systems and also (ii) a network connection to human operators providing transcription and quality control; the system being adapted to optimise the effectiveness of the human operators by further comprising 3 core sub-systems, namely (i) a pre-processing front end that determines an appropriate conversion strategy; (ii) one or more conversion resources; and (iii) a quality control sub-system.

Abstract: A mass-scale, user-independent, device-independent, voice messaging system that converts unstructured voice messages into text for display on a screen is disclosed. The system comprises (i) computer implemented sub-systems and also (ii) a network connection to human operators providing transcription and quality control; the system being adapted to optimise the effectiveness of the human operators by further comprising 3 core sub-systems, namely (i) a pre-processing front end that determines an appropriate conversion strategy; (ii) one or more conversion resources; and (iii) a quality control sub-system.

Abstract: A message retrieval subsystem comprises a voice extensible mark-up language browser, a message server, and a message library. The VXML browser is configured with an application programming interface that enables a subscriber of a distributed voice messaging service to request a stored message. The message server receives a request to open a connection from a client process operative on the voice extensible mark-up language browser, spawns a thread to enable the connection, uses the thread to queue one or more subscriber requests for respective blocks of audio information, removes and processes the one or more subscriber requests, and uses the thread to forward a retrieved block of audio information to a subscriber. The message library is coupled to the message server and interposed between the message server and a common message store. The upper library isolates the VXML browser from a streaming protocol used to access the stored message.

Abstract: A method and apparatus turns a typical home telephone system into a platform for delivery of web based content and services. The preferred embodiment of the invention comprises a broadband enabled telephone system for the home and a series of web servers that collect, package, and deliver personalized content and services to all of the telephone handsets throughout the home. With this end-to-end solution, any information or services available via the web can be delivered through a broadband enabled telephone system. Through the web, each member of a family can build a profile which defines what information and services they want available through the handset. In addition, each handset can be dynamically personalized for any family member. The color screens on the handsets become windows through which an individual can view and interact with a broad range of content and services. The audio channels thus become an extension of the voice based services, such as messaging and voice chat.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for enabling communication between a first party and a second party. The method and apparatus determine that the second party is calling the first party while the first party is leaving a message on the voicemail of the second party. The message is then aborted and the first party is connected to the second party.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for delivering a message to a caller prior to the moment the recipient unhooks or answers their telephone or other network interface device, as well as optionally delivering a message to the caller, the recipient, or both after the connection between the service provider and the caller, and/or the connection between the service provider and the recipient has been established. The method and apparatus are effective for use with all telecommunications systems, including, but not limited to, optical-based telephone systems, wire-based telephone systems, wireless telephone systems, optical-based computer network systems, wire-based computer network systems, wireless computer network systems, and heterogeneous network systems.

Abstract: A voice communication system for achieving a public switch telephone network (PSTN) communication and an internet communication is provided. The system comprises a host, a control device and a telephone. The invention features advantages of both the PSTN and the internet, and further covers the natural shortcomings of each other.

Abstract: A method and apparatus turns a typical home telephone system into a platform for delivery of web based content and services. The preferred embodiment of the invention comprises a broadband enabled telephone system for the home and a series of web servers that collect, package, and deliver personalized content and services to all of the telephone handsets throughout the home. With this end-to-end solution, any information or services available via the web can be delivered through a broadband enabled telephone system. Through the web, each member of a family can build a profile which defines what information and services they want available through the handset. In addition, each handset can be dynamically personalized for any family member. The color screens on the handsets become windows through which an individual can view and interact with a broad range of content and services. The audio channels thus become an extension of the voice based services, such as messaging and voice chat.

Abstract: A telephone and telephone answering apparatus and method are described for using secondary information embedded in audio passages included in phone calls. The telephone and telephone answering device monitors received calls to automatically detect for the presence of embedded secondary information. Some embodiments merely receive, automatically monitor for the presence of, and use secondary information. Other embodiments are also capable of generating and of embedding secondary information into audio passages.

Abstract: A telephone and telephone answering apparatus and method are described for using secondary information embedded in audio passages included in phone calls. The telephone and telephone answering device monitors received calls to automatically detect for the presence of embedded secondary information. Some embodiments merely receive, automatically monitor for the presence of, and use secondary information. Other embodiments are also capable of generating and of embedding secondary information into audio passages.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described for ensuring a real-time connection between users and selected service providers using voice mail. The system enables seekers of a wide array of services to select, contact, converse, and pay for a service provider using a communications device such as the telephone. A seeker locates a service provider by providing the name of a profession, which is recognized by the system's software. Once a service provider is selected, the system connects the seeker with the service provider for a live conversation. However, during service provider unavailability, the system enables the seeker to leave a voice mail message for the service provider and reconnects the user and service provider once the message is reviewed by the service provider. The system automatically bills the seeker for the time spent conversing with the service provider and compensates the service provider.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer program products for providing a country code identifier in an international ENUM system are disclosed. According to one method, a message is received that includes a telephone number and information associated with a country of origin of the telephone number. A country code identifier may be determined for the telephone number based on the information associated with the country of origin of the telephone number. Further, the country code identifier may be appended to the telephone number of the received message.

Abstract: A method and apparatus turns a typical home telephone system into a platform for delivery of web based content and services. The preferred embodiment of the invention comprises a broadband enabled telephone system for the home and a series of web servers that collect, package, and deliver personalized content and services to all of the telephone handsets throughout the home. With this end-to-end solution, any information or services available via the web can be delivered through a broadband enabled telephone system. Through the web, each member of a family can build a profile which defines what information and services they want available through the handset. In addition, each handset can be dynamically personalized for any family member. The color screens on the handsets become windows through which an individual can view and interact with a broad range of content and services. The audio channels thus become an extension of the voice based services, such as messaging and voice chat.

Abstract: A system and method for automatically provisioning a composite telecommunications product comprising a plurality of sub-products or services in response to a single customer order are provided. A composite telecommunications product may comprise, for example, Internet Access (IA), Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), and Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) services bundled together as a single product. The present invention allows all three sub-products to be automatically provisioned in response to a single customer order for the composite product.

Abstract: A computer implemented method of conducting a teleconference is disclosed. The method includes selecting a group of potential conferees using a graphical user interface tool displayed on a display screen, automatically setting up the teleconference by accessing telephone numbers for each conferee of the group of potential conferees and individually attempting to make contact with the group of potential conferees over a telephone system. The method further includes updating contact status information for the group of potential conferees during the automatic set up of the teleconference. A teleconference is established between the available conferees of the group of potential conferees.

Abstract: A method of providing a multi-media conference meeting, the method comprising the steps of providing each of a plurality of users with a unique user id; associating with each unique user id a virtual private meeting room; establishing a conference session, in response to an activation act by a user that is a meeting initiator, said session is associated with the meeting initiator's virtual private meeting room; and after establishing the conference session, establishing communications via a plurality of network connections between users that are logged in to the conferencing session.

Abstract: A Communication system comprising at least a Private Branch Exchange and a computer with Computer to Telephone Integration server, the Private Branch Exchange and the Computer to Telephone Integration server based on Computer Supported telephony Application Standard, wherein the private branch exchange as well as the Computer to Telephone Integration server comprise means to exchange SMS with each other

Abstract: A method and system for providing intelligent network control services in IP telephony, wherein the system includes a location manager and an IP telephony proxy server. The location manager includes an interface to a legacy telephony service control entity and the IP telephony proxy server includes an IP interface to the location manager. If the IP telephony proxy server requires intelligent network services, then the IP telephony proxy server sends an IP telephony session initiation request to the called party at the location manager. The location manager uses the information to query the legacy telephony service control entity for routing information. When the location manager receives a routing response from the service control entity, the location manager maps the response to an IP telephony session control message back to the IP telephony proxy server.

Abstract: A method and system for providing intelligent network control services in IP telephony, wherein the system includes a location manager and an IP telephony proxy server. The location manager includes an interface to a legacy telephony service control entity and the IP telephony proxy server includes an IP interface to the location manager. If the IP telephony proxy server requires intelligent network services, then the IP telephony proxy server sends an IP telephony session initiation request to the called party at the location manager. The location manager uses the information to query the legacy telephony service control entity for routing information. When the location manager receives a routing response from the service control entity, the location manager maps the response to an IP telephony session control message back to the IP telephony proxy server.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and arrangements in a telecommunication system to generate Interception Related Information IRI related to Virtual Private Network VPN calls, which telecommunication system provides Virtual Private Network services to at least one integrated exchange LE-C; in the system. The exchange LE-C is associated with an Intercept Configuration Unit ICU. The method comprises the following steps:—Sending from the Intercept Configuration Unit ICU to the exchange LE-C, a request REQ to monitor Virtual Private Network calls involving a defined Corporate Network CN-A.—Receiving by the exchange LE-C, a call message SETUP; IAM in Virtual Private Network context comprising an identification field identifying the defined Corporate Network CN-A.—Sending from the exchange to the Intercept Configuration Unit ICU, Interception Related Information IRI related to the call.

Abstract: A method for establishing a call over a packet network may include receiving a call request via an originating trunk on a packet network from an originating call device. Status of an originating trunk and terminating segment may be determined. If the status of the originating trunk and terminating segment are within a first range, the call between the originating and terminating call device over the determined transmission path at a first data rate may be established. Otherwise, if the status of the originating trunk or terminating segment is within a second range, a determination as to whether the originating trunk and terminating segment can operate at a second, lower data rate may be made, and, if so, the call may be established over the transmission path between the originating call device and terminating call device at the second, lower data rate.

Abstract: An Internet Protocol Network Telephony call center having a plurality of agents for serving clients also processes e-mails addresses to the call center, but not to specific agents. An e-mail server receives and routes the e-mail, and includes a router and a database storing skill set information regarding agents. The router extracts information from the e-mails, matches key words in the extracted information with key words from the skill sets, and routes the e-mails to appropriate agents having the necessary skills to respond to the service requirements in the e-mails.

Abstract: A computerized telephony call center for serving a customer base has a central switch connected to a plurality of telephones at operator workstations and adapted to route calls to individual ones of the telephones, and also connected to a public switched telephone network, and a first processor connected to the central switch by a high-speed data link and to the telephone network by a digital network connection. The first processor is adapted to monitor transactional activity of the central switch, to process the activity information according to selected routines in the processor, and to communicate processed information to a second processor over the digital network connection. The digital network connection may be a TCP\IP connection. In a preferred embodiment the first processor is connected by a local area network (LAN) to network interfaces including a video display unit (VDU) and input apparatus proximate individual ones of the plurality of telephones connected to the central switch.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for encrypting data. The method includes assigning bits included in data units to a plurality of data blocks based on positions of the bits in the data units and encrypting the data blocks. The apparatus includes an assignment unit which assigns bits included in the data units to a plurality of data blocks based on positions of the bits in the data units; and an encryption unit which encrypts the data blocks.

Abstract: A cryptographic method of countering differential fault analysis (DFA) using elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) fast Montgomery power ladder algorithm (MPLA) is provided. The cryptographic method may include receiving a basic point P on an elliptic curve and a scalar k, initializing a plurality of primary variables (P1 and P2) with the basic point P, iterating through a plurality of operations using a repetitive operation variable i, where i is an integer. The plurality of operations may include setting a plurality of secondary variables (T1 and T2) corresponding to the plurality of primary variables (P1 and P2), resetting the plurality of primary variables (P1 and P2) and secondary variables (T1 and T2) based on a portion of the scalar k, and calculating a scalar product Q equal to the product of the basic point P and the scalar k.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a limited-access object is encrypted using key information, such as Title Key File, to be updated. The encrypted object data is recorded onto a medium such as an optical disc or HDD. The key information update process, including the resetting and re-encryption of key information, and the process of writing the update information obtained as a result of the update process onto the medium are carried out in a batch with or at specific timing.

Abstract: An information recording medium is provided with a recording information recording area (102) wherein recording information can be recorded, and an encrypting information recorded area (CDZ) wherein encrypting information (Key1) for encrypting the recording information is previously recorded. The encrypting information recorded area includes a special area (CDZa) having a physical structure different from that of the recording information recording area at least on one part.

Abstract: When a technique for specifying an unauthorized terminal based on a combination of watermarks embedded in content distributed without authorization is applied to content distributed on recording media, recording capacity limits of the recording media lead to a limit on the number of combinations of watermarks that can be embedded in the content, and only a limited number of terminals can be specified. In the present invention, all terminals are sorted into the same number of groups as there are combinations of watermarks, and a group that includes an unauthorized terminal can be specified based on the combination of watermarks embedded in the content. When the group including the unauthorized terminal is specified, this group is divided into groups, and a plurality of groups that do not include the unauthorized terminal are integrated. This enables the unauthorized terminal to be specified while keeping within the capacity of the recording medium.

Abstract: In an exemplary embodiment, digital content is mastered as a combination of encrypted data and data processing operations that enable use in approved playback environments. Player devices having a processing environment compatible with the content's data processing operations are able to decrypt and play the content. Players can also provide content with basic functions, such as loading data from media, performing network communications, determining playback environment configuration, controlling decryption/playback, and/or performing cryptographic operations using the player's keys. These functions allow the content to implement and enforce its own security policies. If pirates compromise individual players or content titles, new content can be mastered with new security features that block the old attacks. A selective decryption capability can also be provided, enabling on-the-fly watermark insertion so that attacks can be traced back to a particular player.

Abstract: An optical disc signal processing circuit that includes a read data input unit configured to write read data into a buffer memory, the read data being subjected to a scramble process; an error correction processing unit configured to apply an error correction process to the read data read from the buffer memory, the error correction process being a process of performing error correction with an error correction code, and to write into the buffer memory the read data subjected to the error correction process; an external device interface unit configured to read from the buffer memory the read data subjected to the error correction process and apply a descramble process thereto; and a memory copy processing unit configured to read from the buffer memory the read data and apply the descramble process thereto, and to write into the buffer memory the read data subjected to the descramble process.

Abstract: Systems and methods for secure messaging are provided. A sender may encrypt content and send the encrypted content to a recipient over a communications network. The encrypted content may be decrypted for the recipient using a remote decryption service. Encrypted message content may be placed into a markup language form. Encrypted content may be incorporated into the form as a hidden form element. Form elements for collecting recipient credential information such as username and password information may also be incorporated into the form. At the recipient, the recipient may use the form to provide recipient credential information to the remote decryption service. The recipient may also use the form to upload the encrypted content from the form to the decryption service. The decryption service may provide the recipient with access to a decrypted version of the uploaded content over the communications network.

Abstract: Ambiguity Envelope (AE) security uses prior art encryption algorithms and prior art encryption keys and provides systems and methods for random-variant-keys that are used in place of the prior art encryption keys. In AE an ambiguity envelope is created over the transmission of data packets, so that no specific encryption key, as in prior art, is used but random-variant-keys are used that are distinct and separate for each packet and may also be distinct and separate for each incoming and outgoing packet. Random-variant-keys have no mathematical relationship to each other or to the prior art encryption keys. These random-variant-keys are not created, stored at either end or exchanged with each end of transmission. The random-variant-keys are only created at the time of the actual use for encrypting or decrypting a data packet and not before and then discarded after one time use.

Abstract: The invention includes a method for key creation and recovery based on solutions to puzzles solvable by humans and not computers. In some exemplary embodiments, the key is created and recovered based on the solution(s) in conjunction with the password entered by the user. The puzzle(s) is selected based on the password used by the user from a puzzle database containing multiple puzzles that is greater in number to the number of puzzles used in conjunction with a particular password.

Abstract: Chip cards are used to secure credit and debit payment transactions. To prevent fraudulent transactions, the card must protect cryptographic keys used to authenticate transactions. In particular, cards should resist differential power analysis and/or other attacks. To address security risks posed by leakage of partial information about keys during cryptographic transactions, cards may be configured to perform periodic cryptographic key update operations. The key update transformation prevents adversaries from exploiting partial information that may have been leaked about the card's keys. Update operations based on a hierarchical structure can enable efficient transaction verification by allowing a verifying party (e.g., an issuer) to derive a card's current state from a transaction counter and its initial state by performing one operation per level in the hierarchy, instead of progressing through all update operations performed by the card.

Abstract: A method for providing personalized broadcasting contents by a transmitting Mobile Station (MS) in a communication system is provided. The method includes sharing a group identifier (ID), which is authority to receive the personalized broadcasting contents, with a receiving MS in advance, transmitting a first message including the group ID to a personalized broadcasting control station, receiving a second message including an encryption key from the personalized broadcasting control station, and encrypting the personalized broadcasting contents using the encryption key and transmitting the encrypted personalized broadcasting contents.