Abstract: A method of aiding the piloting of an aircraft during a maneuver, bringing about an increase in the attitude of the aircraft, is carried out automatically and repeatedly. According to the method, an attitude deviation is determined by subtracting a first value of attitude from a determined current attitude of the aircraft. A horizon line is presented on a display screen of a head-up display device, superimposed with the environment seen in front of the aircraft, as is an indication of the attitude deviation. The first value of attitude corresponds to the minimum value of (1) an optimal value of attitude at the end of the maneuver and (2) a value of attitude of protection against a rear collision.

Abstract: A method of providing information from a plurality of fleet machines located at a plurality of locations for purposes of permitting a manager of fleet equipment to make management decisions pertaining to a fleet comprised of such equipment, monitoring functional operational data from individual machines in a fleet of machines, conveying the monitored data to a remote server, converting the monitored data into a first group pertaining to current existing operational data, and into a second group comprised of past historical data, and transmitting by wireless means to a person having responsibility for the fleet information at least one of the groups of data.

Abstract: To provide encoder count error detection circuitry and an encoder count error detection method capable of realizing a highly reliable encoder by providing detection of the count errors of count signals used to measure displacement, an encoder count error detection circuitry and detection method configured as count error detection circuitry for an encoder outputting pulse trains according to the displacement of a measured object, doubles, triples, or quadruples one or more fundamental signals used for measuring displacement to convert to count signals, and compares the output signals of the counter counting these count signals with the level of these fundamental signals to detect count errors in the count signals.

Abstract: A method for determining the absolute value of a rotational angle includes imaging a continuous segment of a code track of a code carrier on a sensor array such that the sensor array generates a corresponding output signal. The code track has a light and dark transition pattern over an angular range of 360°. The sensor array output signal is subjected to a convolution operation with a reference signal in a first correlation filter to reconstruct the light and dark transition pattern of the imaged segment of the code track as a first correlation function signal. The first correlation function signal is processed to determine a code word and a predetermined angle corresponding to the code word.

Abstract: In general, in one aspect, the disclosure describes an apparatus inluding a representative majority voter gate to analyze bit transitions of a pluraility of bits. The plurailuty of bits are analzed in groups. The representative majority voter gate generates an invert signal based on the analysis. The apparatus further inludes a conditional inverter to apply the invert signal to the pluraility of bits.

Abstract: A modulation system includes an encoder for transferring data words to tentative code words. A DSV control bit generator determines the value of a DSV control bit according to the data words or the tentative code words to optimize the cumulative DSVs corresponding tentative code words, wherein the DSV control bit generator determines the value of a current DSV control bit when at least a subsequent DSV control bit is detected. A final code word generator generates final code words according to the determined DSV control bit and the tentative code words.

Abstract: A method and a system for communicating data in a communication channel are provided. The method includes the identification of a sequence of bits recurring in the data, and generating a locking pattern. The locking pattern includes locking symbols and a random bit pattern. The method also includes sending the locking pattern within the data. The locking pattern is received by a receiver and is used to lock the receiver and ignore the recurring bit sequence.

Abstract: A data word is error correction encoded to provide a worst case codeword without bit transitions between worst case codeword bits. A modulation bit is calculated as a function of the worst case codeword. The modulation bit has a bit polarity opposite a bit polarity of the worst case codeword bits. The worst case codeword bits are added with the modulation bit to form a modulated code word.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for transcoding a N bits word into a M bits word with M<N. The invention is applicable in various fields and more particularly in the display field. The method comprises the following steps:-breaking down the N bits word into an exponent part and a mantissa part having each a size which varies according to the value of said N bits word, the size of the mantissa part increasing with the value of said N bits word, and -encoding the exponent part of the N bits word into a variable number of bits A and removing, if need be, least significant bits of the mantissa part in order to obtain a mantissa with a variable number of bits B, with A+B=M.

Abstract: Systems, apparatus, and methods of encoding variable length data for efficient transport over a wireless channel. A wireless terminal can determine a frame size to encode, and can encode and transmit the frame data as one or more encoded blocks selected from a family of block sizes. Each block size can correspond to a particular encoder rate. The frame is parsed into a number of segments having a block size selected from the family of block sizes. The block sizes are selected to maximize the spectral efficiency of the frame. Each segment is then encoded with an encoder corresponding to the block size and having a coding rate that is configured to provide a substantially equal energy per symbol for all of the blocks. The encoded blocks are then aggregated and the smallest block zero padded. The aggregate of encoded blocks can be transported in one or more bursts.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a first circuit and a second circuit. The first circuit may be configured to generate context information in response to one or more bins on a binary signal. The second circuit may be configured to generate the binary signal in response to (i) one or more input bits on a bitstream signal, and (ii) simultaneously performing in a single cycle (a) an arithmetic decode of the context information and (b) a renormalization of the context information.

Abstract: A method and system are provided for code normalization and byte construction. A plurality of subsets of bits is extracted from a first input. Each of the subsets of bits has a bit width equaling a number of leading zeros from a second input variable. Further, a consecutive sequence of the plurality of subsets is stored in a memory. In addition, the consecutive sequence of the plurality of subsets is read from the memory if a third input release flag is established.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converter according to the invention is provided. The analog-to-digital converter preferably includes an analog input signal, a first reference signal, a second reference signal, and a range compression signal. The range compression signal is preferably characterized by a magnitude greater than the first reference signal and smaller than the second reference signal. In addition, when the analog input signal is sampled N times and the range compression signal is sampled N1 times, a compression factor related at least in part to the ratio N1/(N+N1) is obtained.

Abstract: A signal processing system includes a receiving terminal configured to receive a digital signal comprising a plurality of samples associated with a plurality of original sampling times, wherein the original sampling times have a period of T, and a compensation module coupled to the receiving terminal. The compensation module is configured to generate, based on the digital signal, a nominal phase shifted signal having a plurality of nominal phase shifted samples associated with a plurality of phase shifted sampling times, wherein the plurality of phase shifted sampling times correspond to fractional intervals of the original sampling times. The compensation module is further configured to generate a compensated signal based at least in part on the digital signal and the nominal phase shifted signal.

Abstract: An audio device arrangement structure for a motorcycle is configured and arranged to provide high-quality sound output. The audio device arrangement structure serves to mount an audio device, which includes an audio unit, an amplifier and at least one speaker, for a motorcycle. The audio unit is mounted at the front of the vehicle inside a top cover, between the top cover and the air cleaner. The amplifier is provided separately from the audio unit, and is arranged at the rear of the vehicle in the inside of a housing provided at a rear portion of a rear fender. The amplifier is supported on the housing by rubber bushings, to isolate the amplifier from vibrations of the vehicle body.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to fully remove a carrier-frequency component despite a compact low-cost configuration. An A/D conversion circuit with a carrier frequency removing feature includes: an A/D converter including a voltage comparator that compares a first signal with a feedback signal and a voltage feedback circuit that produces the feedback signal; a one-input N-output demultiplexer that receives the feedback signal; N integrators that calculate the respective integrals of N output signals of the demultiplexer; an N-input one-output multiplexer that receives the outputs of the N respective integrators; a subtractor that produces a difference between an analog signal and the output signal of the multiplexer; an amplifier that amplifies the output signal of the subtractor to produce the first signal; and a switching control circuit that cyclically switches the input terminals of the multiplexer and the output terminals of the demultiplexer synchronously with a carrier wave.

Abstract: A D/A conversion circuit for performing D/A conversion at high speeds. The D/A conversion circuit includes a resistor string including a plurality of resistor elements connected between a low-potential power supply and a high-potential power supply. A plurality of first switch groups are connected to the connection nodes between the resistor elements for selectively outputting voltages at the connection nodes. The outputs of the switches of the first switch groups are connected in common to a corresponding one of the nodes. The plurality of nodes are connected to an output terminal of the D/A conversion circuit via a second switch group. Predetermined switches of the first switch groups are connected in parallel to third switches to apply voltages to the nodes.

Abstract: An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) system is disclosed and includes a programmable control register and a plurality of channels, each channel having an associated request bit within the programmable control register. The ADC system also includes a scheduler responsive to the programmable control register, the scheduler comprising logic to monitor a plurality of request bits to detect when any of the request bits are set. A method of scheduling analog-to-digital conversion is disclosed and includes receiving a request to schedule an analog-to-digital conversion for a channel of a plurality of channels. The method also includes scheduling an analog-to-digital conversion in response to receiving the request and performing the analog-to-digital conversion based on the request, where data that indicates the request is stored in a programmable control register.

Abstract: A multi-bit pipeline analog-to-digital converter (ADC) having a shared amplifier structure includes: a sample-and-hold amplifier (SHA) for sampling and holding an input analog voltage and removing a sampling error of the input voltage; N-bit flash ADCs of first to K-th stages receiving analog signals, converting them into digital signals and outputting the digital signals; N-bit multiplying digital-to-analog converters (MDACs) of first to K-th stages converting differences between the digital signals output from the N-bit flash ADCs and output signals of preceding stages back into analog signals and outputting the analog signals; and a three-stage amplifier connected to an output of the N-bit MDAC of the first stage at a first clock and an output of the SHA at a second clock, wherein intergers N>= and K>=2. An amplifier can be shared between an SHA and an MDAC of a first stage, thereby reducing power consumption and chip size.

Abstract: A quantization circuit includes a plurality of resistors, a plurality of tap points, and a plurality of coarse comparators. Each coarse comparator has a first input coupled to an input voltage and a second input coupled to a corresponding coarse tap point voltage. Each coarse comparator operates during a first phase to produce a “1” only if the input voltage exceeds the corresponding coarse tap point voltage. A plurality of fine comparators each have a first input coupled to the input voltage, and each fine comparator operates during a second phase to produce a fine output level indicative of whether the input voltage exceeds a corresponding tap point voltage of a group of tap points located immediately below the tap point connected to the highest coarse comparator producing a “1”.

Abstract: A system and a method of suppressing outstanding degradation of decoded audio quality due to a transmission error of audio coded data are provided without feedback information from a receiver, thereby reducing the increase of the number of necessary transmission bands and the arithmetic complexity on the receiving side. A code conversion and transmission apparatus 100 for inputting audio coded data includes first to N-th code conversion and transmission units 102 and 104 to 106 for converting audio data to N pieces of coded data, and transmitting the data at predetermined or adaptively variable time intervals to M transmission lines 130. The second to N-th audio code conversion and transmission units 104 to 106 codes a frame at a compression rate equal to or higher than the rate of input coded data.

Abstract: A pipelined analog to digital converter comprises N stages, wherein N is an integer greater than one. A sample and integrate circuit communicates with at least two stages of the N stages. The sample and integrate circuit selectively samples a first voltage input to one of the at least two stages while integrating a difference between a sampled second voltage input of another one of the at least two stages and a second reference voltage to generate a second residue. The sample and integrate circuit selectively integrates a difference between the sampled first voltage and a first reference voltage to generate a first residue while sampling a second voltage input.

Abstract: In communication units the input and/or output of data is normally performed using keypad input, voice input/output or display output. This limits the input/output of the communication unit. The claimed invention proposes a new way of inputting/outputting of data by providing a communication unit with intra-changeable elements, where the physical properties of the elements are changed by an electrical or a mechanical signal/input and that the elements are used in the user interface of the communication unit to enable flexible input and output of data from the communication unit. The user input and output is thereby including a sensory indication, including a physical and/or visual dimension.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave absorber is formed by injection-molding a thermoplastic resin blended with approximately 20-60% by volume of soft magnetic material powder, and blended with a molding assistant and a kneading assistant. The electromagnetic wave absorber includes a unit cell having a bore extending from a top face to a bottom face. A portion of the bore located more adjacently to the bottom face than to the top face has a smaller cross-sectional area than the bore at the top face, and a height of the unit cell from the bottom face to the top face is approximately at least 1.2 times and approximately at most 10 times as large as the maximum width of the bore at the top face of the unit cell.

Abstract: A method of classifying radar emitters includes the steps of: (a) receiving pulses from multiple radar emitters; (b) categorizing received pulses based on pulse data descriptors (PDWs); (c) forming clusters of received pulses based on the PDWs; and (d) de-interleaving pulses from the cluster using one of a differential time of arrival (DTOA) histogram technique, a spectrum estimation technique, or a Hough transform technique. Step (a) includes receiving the pulses during a predetermined time interval and storing the received pulses as a snapshot representing the pulses present during the predetermined time interval.

Abstract: Calibration of an acceleration detector is initiated by a user depressable button such as a button indicating a vehicle is at rest and/or by the detector reading an OBDII vehicle communication protocol to determine the condition of the vehicle. Calibration permits more accurate measurements in a vehicle performance test.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and method for performing passive geophysical prospecting. More particularly, the present invention relates to an improved apparatus and method for locating and selected subsurface Earth material deposits or geologic formations bearing hydrocarbons, oil, gas, or commercially important ore deposits, precious metals, as a function of impulse discontinuities in the near surface atmosphere of the invention. A passive geophysical prospecting method and apparatus are provided. The apparatus has a magnetic component antenna for detecting electromagnetic radiation naturally emanating from the Earth's surface and an electrical signal from the detected electromagnetic radiation while traversing the Earth's surface by a vehicle traveling over land or water or in an airplane.

Abstract: Two-dimensional SAR data can be processed into a rectangular grid format by subjecting the SAR data to a Fourier transform operation, and thereafter to a corresponding interpolation operation. Because the interpolation operation follows the Fourier transform operation, the interpolation operation can be simplified, and the effect of interpolation errors can be diminished. This provides for the possibility of both reducing the re-grid processing time, and improving the image quality.

Abstract: The present invention provides a radar apparatus, which can diagnose failure at low cost with high accuracy, and a failure diagnosis method thereof. An antenna serves as both a transmit antenna and a receive antenna. A transmit and receive select switch switches the transmission and reception of the antenna. A control unit measures a power value based on an output signal of a receive wave received by the antennas, and judges that the transmit and receive select switch fails when this power value exceeds a threshold.

Abstract: On/off timing of an amplifier and timing of antenna selection are accurately adjusted. When adjusting the on/off timing of the amplifier, modulation of a transmit signal is stopped, and a switch is set so as not to select any one of the antennas, thereby totally reflecting the transmit signal; in this condition, the timing is controlled so that the average value of the output level of a mixer becomes a minimum. When adjusting the antenna selection timing, modulation of the transmit signal is stopped, and a reflective object is placed in close proximity to the antenna; in this condition, the timing is adjusted so that the average value of the output level of the mixer becomes a maximum.

Abstract: Acoustic emissions are detected by reflecting microwave radar signals off of an object, receiving reflected radar signals, generating an intermediate frequency, and filtering the intermediate frequency to remove low frequency signals associated with object movement and not acoustic emissions. A microwave Doppler radar detector provides the signals, a band-pass filter filters the intermediate frequency signal, and resulting signal is collected and analyzed to establish a relationship between the acoustic emission and the filtered signal. One application described is detecting tool wear using a microwave Doppler-based acoustic emission sensor and predicting tool wear based on the detected acoustic emission.

Abstract: A system and method for determining the attitude of a platform is provided. The method includes: (a) Searching and scanning for one or more GPS satellite(s) to determine initial platform position; wherein a single directionally steered antenna scans for the GPS/GNSS satellite; (b) pointing and scanning the antenna to GPS/GNSS satellite to determine a first angular measurement of a direction of a GPS/GNSS signal; (c) measuring carrier to noise ratio of the GPS/GNSS satellite; (d) dithering the single directionally steered antenna to obtain an angular measurement relative to an antenna pattern bore-sight reference; (e) repeating steps (b)-(d) to determine a second angular measurement of the direction of a second GPS signal; (f) determining the attitude error of the platform using the first and second angular measurements; (g) updating the platform position and attitude.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed for enhancing communications line records with Global Positioning System coordinates. One embodiment acquires Global Positioning System information and provides the Global Positioning System information to assemble a line record.

Abstract: System and method for enabling a wireless computing device to continuously determine its position includes a wireless computing device and a wireless positioning system substantially collocated therewith. The wireless positioning system has a first positioning mode in which it communicates with a wireless positioning network to enable the geographic location of the computing device to be determined upon reception of signals from the positioning network and a second positioning mode in which it enables the geographic location of the wireless computing device to be determined upon reception of signals from one or more of the wireless beacons and analysis of the signals in light of positional information about wireless beacons contained in a database. The wireless positioning system switches between the positioning modes depending on reception of signals from the wireless positioning network.

Abstract: An electronically steerable antenna system includes a plurality of panels that are coupled together to form an N-sided polygon. Each panel includes a plurality of microstrip conductor patches forming a phased array antenna. In a first embodiment that includes beam steering, each panel can selectively transmit or receive in a direction that is either perpendicular to the panel, or to the left or right of perpendicular, depending upon relative delay line lengths applied to the left and right antennas. A second embodiment omits the beam steering capability for each panel and simply enables only one of the N different panels to be employed for transmitting or receiving a radiofrequency signal in a direction perpendicular to the panel. PIN diodes are preferably used for selecting the panel that is active, and in the first embodiment, for selecting the delay lines used.

Abstract: A method for operating a CDMA communications device includes receiving at an antenna array M different summations from a mixture of source signals provided by M signal sources, and providing the M different summations to a receiver assembly. The receiver assembly includes a first signal path and a second signal path parallel to the first signal path. In the first signal path, a mixing matrix including the M different summations of the M source signals is formed, and at least one source signal is separated from the mixing matrix. A determination is made if the separated source signal is an interferer source signal. In the second signal path, the M different summations are delayed corresponding to a delay introduced in the first signal path. The first signal path provides to a summer the separated source signal if the separated source signal is an interferer source signal, and the second signal path provides to the summer the M different summations after being delayed.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system includes at least two detector devices, each detector device for independently detecting a phase event of a composite signal comprising one or more traveling wave signals to provide phase event information. The system further includes a processor configured to receive the phase event information from each detector device and to estimate a direction of arrival of at least one of the traveling wave signals based on the phase event information.

Abstract: An emitter for emitting radiation in a first range of frequencies comprising: a photoconductive material (11); and first and second contact elements (12, 13, 14) separated by a photoconducting gap provided by said photoconducting material (11), for applying a bias across said photoconducting gap, wherein at least one of said first and second contact elements (12, 13, 14) comprises a resistive element (14) for restricting current flow between said first and second contact elements in a second range of frequencies lower than the first range of frequencies.

Abstract: A conformal load-bearing antenna assembly comprises a pan shaped to fit within an aircraft window opening, an antenna element disposed within the pan, and a connection for coupling a signal to the antenna element.

Abstract: A surface mounted antenna according to the present invention includes a dielectric block 11, a radiating electrode 12 formed on one of a main surface 11a of the dielectric block 11, a ground electrode 13 formed on the other main surface 11b of the dielectric block 11, and a feed electrode 14 formed on a side surface 11c of the dielectric block 11 and electromagnetically coupled with the radiating electrode 12. In the present invention, since the feed electrode 14 is formed on the side surface 11c of the dielectric block 11, the size of the main surface 11a of the dielectric block 11 can be made smaller than that of the conventional dielectric block. Accordingly, since further miniaturization can be realized, when the dielectric block 11 is mounted on a printed circuit board or the like, the mounting area can be reduced as compared with the conventional dielectric block.

Abstract: Antennae in which the corresponding radiative element contains at least one multilevel structure formed by a set of similar geometric elements (polygons or polyhedrons) electromagnetically coupled and grouped such that in the structure of the antenna can be identified each of the basic component elements. The design is such that it provides two important advantages: the antenna may operate simultaneously in several frequencies, and/or its size can be substantially reduced. Thus, a multiband radioelectric behavior is achieved, that is, a similar behavior for different frequency bands.

Abstract: A built-in antenna module for a portable wireless terminal is provided. In the built-in antenna module, a mainboard, which is an RF board, has a feeding unit and a grounding unit. A radiator is disposed on one side of the mainboard and has a feed pin and a ground pin that are electrically connected to the feeding unit and the grounding unit, respectively. A conductive ground plate is disposed on the other side of the mainboard to have a predetermined height. An end of the conductive ground plate is grounded to the grounding unit of the mainboard. The distance between the radiator and the ground plate is maximized to improve antenna performance.

Abstract: The invention relates to a built-in antenna module for a wireless communication terminal. The module includes at least one radiator. The module also includes a base having an inner space, disposed on a board of a terminal body, and having the radiator on an outer surface thereof to enable electric connection between an end of the radiator and the board of the terminal body. The module further includes an operator disposed in the inner space of the base for indicating an incoming call when power is supplied. The invention efficiently utilizes a limited space in the terminal body with enhanced capabilities of the antenna.

Abstract: The invention relates to a built-in antenna for a wireless communication terminal. The built-in antenna includes at least one first radiator for base station and at least one second radiator for Bluetooth. The built-in antenna also includes a base having the first and second radiators mounted on an outer surface thereof. The base is mounted on a board such that each end of the first and second radiators is electrically connected to the board of a terminal body. The built-in antenna further includes a Bluetooth chip set fixed to the base and electrically connected to the second radiator. The invention efficiently utilizes limited space in a terminal body to miniaturize the product, attaining RF capabilities with high reception sensitivity.

Abstract: A mobile satellite antenna system has a first portion that includes an elevation mechanism, and a second portion that includes a dish with a dish back support structure. These portions can be readily connected or disconnected by a set of quick-connect fasteners that selectively fasten the elevation mechanism of the first portion to the dish back support structure of the second portion. Both portions of the satellite antenna system can be separately stored and transported in containers.

Abstract: A protector-equipped antenna unit has an antenna body including an antenna case, a cable derived from the antenna case to the outside, and a protector for protecting the antenna body and the cable. The protector has drain holes. The protector has a cable protecting portion having a hook portion for fixing the cable.

Abstract: A band coupling structure incorporating conductive wires, in the case in which the bands are coupled with each other, the edge portion of the connection pin is abutted to and electrically connected to the connection pin fitting section, and one coupling part and another coupling part of the band coupling section can rotate to each other in the width direction of the bands on the axis of the band coupling section by locking the band coupling lock pin with the lock pin locking section.

Abstract: The wireless communication device contains at least one conductive tab that provides an antenna. The tab(s) form a pole antenna, and the tabs may also be attached across a slot to form a slot antenna. The tab(s) may be attached across a slot created in a package to form a slot antenna, or the tab(s) may be attached to a slot that is created as part of the wireless communication device to form a slot antenna. The tab(s) and/or the slot may also contain an adhesive material to attach the wireless communication device to a package, container or other material. More than one slot may be provided to form a circularly polarized antenna. The carrier may be a conductive material in which tabs are formed as part of the carrier before the wireless communication device is attached. The wireless communication device may have an asymmetrical antenna arrangement.

Abstract: A slot antenna according to the present invention includes: a ground conductor 12 provided on a rear face side of a dielectric substrate 101, the ground conductor having a finite area; a slot 14 which recesses into the ground conductor 12, beginning from an open-end point on a side edge of the ground conductor 12; and a feed line 261 for supplying a high-frequency signal to the slot 14, the feed line 261 intersecting the slot 14. At a first point near the slot, the feed line 261 branches into a group of branch lines including at least two branch lines, such that at least two branch lines in the group of branch lines are connected to each other at a second point near the slot to form at least one loop line 209. A maximum value of a loop length of each loop line 209 is prescribed to be less than 1× effective wavelength at an upper limit frequency of an operating band of the slot antenna.

Abstract: A Extended Phase Center Tapered Slot Antenna (NC#97529). The apparatus includes a first antenna element capable of transmitting and receiving radio frequency energy; a second antenna element capable of transmitting and receiving radio frequency energy, wherein the first antenna element and the second antenna element are situated in a tapered slot antenna pair configuration; and at least one conductive launch structure, electrically coupled to the first antenna element and the second antenna element at a location between a lowest operating frequency phase center and a launch end of the tapered slot antenna pair configuration, capable of conducting electricity.