Abstract: An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus capable of detecting a boundary between structures within the object with high accuracy and performing imaging processing based thereon. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus includes: a transmission and reception unit for converting reception signals outputted from ultrasonic transducers into digital signals; a phase matching unit for performing reception focus processing on the digital signals to generate sound ray signals; a signal processing unit for performing envelope detection processing on the sound ray signals to generate envelope signals; an image data generating unit for generating image data based on the envelope signals; a direction determining unit for determining a direction of a boundary between structures within the object based on the sound ray signals; and an image processing unit for performing image processing on the envelope signals or the image data according to a determination result obtained by the direction determining unit.

Abstract: Sensors for monitoring shock or vibration of an object are provided. The sensors include a proof mass, at least piezoelectric device, and an electronic circuit connected to the piezoelectric device. The piezoelectric device generates a current when the proof mass imparts a force on the piezoelectric device in response to the proof mass being subjected to a transient acceleration when the object is subjected to a shock or vibration. The electronic circuit is at least partially controlled in response to the current generated from the piezoelectric device due to the shock or vibration. Embodiments of the sensor provide multi-axis sensing capabilities. Methods of making the sensors and flexible circuits are also provided.

Abstract: An ultrasonic sensor includes a case having a substantially cylindrical shape with a bottom. The case has a piezoelectric element provided on the bottom, and a cushion member is engaged with a side portion of an opening of the case. A substrate and pin terminals are engaged in and held by a holding portion of the cushion member. On the substrate, electrodes that are connected to the pin terminals are provided. An opening portion is provided in a top surface of the cushion member. Lead wires that are electrically connected to the piezoelectric element extend out from the opening portion and are connected to the electrodes. The inside of the case is filled with an elastic resin from the opening portion.

Abstract: A system for determining a gas pressure or gauging a vacuum in a hermetically sealed enclosure. One or more heater structures and one or more temperature sensor structures situated on a substrate may be used in conjunction for measuring a thermal conductivity of a gas in the enclosure. Each heater has significant thermal isolation from each sensor structure. Electronics connected to each heater and sensor of their respective structures may provide processing to calculate the pressure or vacuum in the enclosure. The enclosure may contain various electronic components such as bolometers.

Abstract: An acceleration-compensated pressure pick-up, for example for the measurement of dynamic processes in gaseous or liquid media, comprises an external housing and a pre-assembled inner part having a flange at its assembly end. The inner part is securely fixed to the housing only at the flange. A first mass is connected via a first resilient connection to the flange, and a second mass is connected to the flange via a second resilient connection. A first measurement crystal is inserted under pre-tension between the two masses. A third mass and a compensation crystal are arranged between the first measurement crystal and the second mass, and the compensation crystal is electrically connected in opposition to the first measurement crystal. The two rigidities of the resilient connections and the three masses are matched so that the measurement values which can be determined at the crystals due to an axial acceleration acting on the housing compensate each other.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a strain sensor comprising a monolithic magnetostrictive material core wherein the permeability of the material depends on stress, the core having an aperture therein and a coil wound about the core and through the aperture. The core and the coil being configured such that when the coil is connected in circuit, it establishes a loop of magnetic flux that circulates through the core and about the coil whereby impedance of the core is measured. Impedance being a general term including inductance, resistance and a combination of the two. Various configurations for the core are disclosed and integrated housing is also taught. The present sensor can be used to sense force, pressure, torque, acceleration and combinations thereof. The present device can be utilized to sense pressure of diesel fuel in diesel engines, oil pressure, hydraulic pressure, and earth moving and construction vehicles, etc.

Abstract: A rotation sensor includes a first rotor constituted by a magnetic material and having an outer face that has first conductive layers disposed in two levels as viewed in the direction of a rotation axis and second conductive layers disposed outwardly of and between the first conductive layers, a second rotor having metal members corresponding to the first conductive layers of the first rotor, and a stationary core having a stationary core body that accommodates therein two exciting coils that are spaced from each other in the direction of the rotation axis. The second rotor is disposed between the first rotor mounted to a first shaft and the stationary core fixed to a stationary member, and is mounted to a second shaft which is rotatable relative to the first shaft.

Abstract: A pressure measurement device with protection from long-term loads and pressure shocks. The novel device includes a diaphragm adapted to deform in response to a pressure applied thereto, and a retractable support adapted to support the diaphragm during periods of non-operation. A strain gauge is attached to the diaphragm for measuring the deformation and the retractable support is designed to minimize stress on the strain gauge during periods of non-operation. The support is retracted during periods of operation to allow the diaphragm and strain gauge to function normally in response to the applied pressure. The diaphragm is disposed within a housing to form a first cavity, which is coupled to media to be measured, and a second cavity, which is set at a reference pressure. In an illustrative embodiment, the retractable support is a threaded plug inserted into the second cavity.

Abstract: A perifusion device includes at least one sample container for cells, the sample container having an inlet and an outlet. The container receives test liquid through the inlet and discharges the liquid through the outlet. A receptacle housing has a plurality of receptacles for receiving fluid from the outlet of the sample container. A drive is connected to the receptacle housing for moving the receptacle housing such that liquid samples are collected sequentially from the outlet of the sample containers. A computer can be provided to control movement of the receptacle housing at predetermined times, and to record data identifying liquid samples in the receptacles. The test liquid includes at least one stimuli for the cells, which can be the presence, absence, or concentration of a compound in the liquid, or a physical property of the liquid such as temperature. The liquid collected in the receptacles is analyzed to determine the response of the cells to the stimuli.

Abstract: A cement sample testing apparatus including a first pressure zone; a second pressure zone; and a pressure control system. The pressure control system can be in fluid communication with the first pressure zone and the second pressure zone, operable to raise the first pressure zone to a first pressure above ambient pressure, and operable to raise the second pressure zone to a second pressure above ambient pressure. A method for determining mechanical properties for a sample cement composition can include applying a first pressure condition to a first portion of the sample cement composition; applying a second pressure condition raised to a second portion of the sample cement composition; and determining one or more mechanical properties of the sample cement composition based at least in part on the pressure conditions present at the failure of the sample cement composition.

Abstract: A testing device (100) configured for testing a multihole workpiece (10) with a plurality of holes (12), includes a detecting station (120) and an inspecting box (140). The detecting station positions a plurality of detecting pins (124) and a plurality of detecting apparatus (128). The detecting pins correspond to the holes of the multihole workpiece. The detecting apparatus respond for the multihole workpiece and sending detecting signals. The inspecting box receives the detecting signals from the detecting apparatus of the detecting station, and deals with and shows detecting results.

Abstract: A display for monitoring a device group that includes at least one analytical device. The display has a primary section that shows device information for each analytical device in the device group. The device information has a plurality of information fields. A first visual element in the primary section corresponds to a filter action. The filter action filters the device information shown in the primary section based on a value in a chosen information field.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a probe having an elongated main body with a proximal end for attachment to a wall of a duct or volume and a distal end that is disposed on the interior of the duct, such that the main body forms a measurement space through which the fluid is drawn for analysis.

Abstract: The present invention claims for a nut assembly for a linear actuator is applied to an actuator around a lead screw and an inner tube thereof. The nut assembly of the present invention comprises: a lead nut, assembled to the lead screw and externally engaged with the end of the inner tube; a locking nut, assembled at the end of the inner tube; and a safety nut, assembled to the lead screw and be retained by the lead nut and locking nut at its opposite ends. Thereby, the safety nut is capable of bearing a thrust load or a tensile load burdened to the linear actuator when the screw threads of the lead nut are damaged.

Abstract: A shift control system rotates an actuator to cause a wall of a detent plate to contact a roller of a detent spring, and detects the position of contact so as to detect the position of the wall of the detent plate. This wall position is set as a reference position of the actuator. Accordingly, the rotation of the actuator can appropriately be controlled even if an encoder which can only detect relative positional information is employed, and thus the shift range can appropriately be switched.

Abstract: A reduction gear in which an engaging surface of gear teeth is processed so that grease for lubricating the engaging surface is sufficiently supplied over the entire of the engaging surface, thereby reducing the friction caused on the engaging surface, and increasing the durability of the gear teeth is provided. In a reduction gear which includes a worm made of metal and a worm wheel having gear teeth which engage with the worm, wherein at least the gear teeth of the worm wheel are made of synthetic resin, and in which an engaging surface of the gear teeth is lubricated by grease, the engaging surface has over an entire surface a plurality of grease reservoir grooves formed along a sliding line of the engaging surface.

Abstract: An adjusting device, in particular for the adjustable base of a household device, is provided and includes a threaded rod or bolt which is mounted in an adjustable housing and which can be displaced in an axial manner. The threaded rod or bolt is configured in such a manner that it can be connected to a threaded drive member which is rotationally mounted in the adjustable housing, such that the threaded bolt or rod can be directly rotated by means of the rotative movement of the threaded drive member.

Abstract: A bicycle brake and shifting device comprises a mounting bracket structured to be mounted on a bicycle handlebar; a brake lever pivotably coupled to the brake bracket; a first shift operating member movably coupled to the brake lever; a second shift operating member movably coupled to the brake lever, wherein the second shift operating member is a separate member from the first shift operating member; a first electric switch operated by the first shift operating member; and a second electric switch operated by the second shift operating member.

Abstract: A bicycle handle device comprises a combining portion having a round cylindrical shape; each of two ends of the combining portion being extended with an inclined wing; one end of the wing far away from the combining portion being installed with a handle; each connection of the combining portion and the wing being extended with an auxiliary handle; each auxiliary handle being approximately vertical to the combining portion; a front end of each auxiliary handle far away from the combining portion being bent upwards; a length of the combining portion being approximately equal to that of each wing; a stand tube of a bicycle can be movably installed to the combining portion; the lengths of two auxiliary handles being approximately equal; and a connection of the combining portion and the auxiliary handle being installed with a seat for supporting a cambered supporting plate which has a sheet like structure.

Abstract: A flywheel rotating assembly has a flywheel mass that receives a sleeve that receives peripheral portions of a hub that is mounted on a shaft.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a hollow-type crankshaft for use in an internal combustion engine and a reciprocal type air compressor, which includes a crankshaft web for connecting a crankshaft journal to a crankshaft pin, the crankshaft comprising: a reinforcing groove portion 4 formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the crankshaft pin 1 and the crankshaft journal 2, and formed with a slope portion 41 inclined inwardly from both lateral walls of thereof, and a reinforcing member 40 made of metal different from the basic material, the reinforcing member being inserted into, melt-jointed and cast in the reinforcing groove portion 4.

Abstract: A machine tool capable of eliminating a laborious attachment/detachment work of a cover member is provided. The machine tool includes a door device 5 having a first door 6 to cover a machining-area opening 3e when machining a workpiece and a second door 7 to cover the machining-area opening 3e when not machining the workpiece and formed to be visible an inside thereof, in which the first door 6 and the second door 7 are arranged in a movable manner between a position-in-use covering the machining-area opening 3e and a position when opened opening the machining-area opening 3e.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved starter motor with multiple shift lever pivot positions. The improved starter motor includes a solenoid, a drive assembly located at least partially within a housing, and a shift lever linking the drive assembly to the solenoid and is in operable communication with a pivot pin. The improved starter motor includes a shift lever plug that is receptive of the pivot pin and is engageable with the housing. The shift lever plug includes one or more slot features providing a plurality of pivot points for the shift lever.

Abstract: An inertial propulsion unit converts centrifugal force to linear motion using two or more masses. The masses are connected to telescoping arms that rotate about a single axis. The rotating telescopic arms are guided along a closed path by a guide. The telescopic arms extend and retract as they rotate around the closed path changing the inertial moments of each of the telescopic arms. A resultant linear force from the rotating telescopic arms provides a propulsion force suitable for a vehicle.

Abstract: Dumbbell-shaped or flower-shaped nanoparticles and a process of forming the same, wherein the process comprises forming a mixture of a nanoparticle with a precursor in a first solvent, wherein the nanoparticle comprises a hydrophobic outer coating; heating the mixture; cooling the mixture to room temperature; modifying the hydrophobic outer coating into a hydrophilic outer coating; precipitating a solid product from the mixture, and dispersing the product in a second solvent. The nanoparticles comprise any of a semiconducting, magnetic, and noble metallic material, wherein the nanoparticles comprise a first portion comprising any of PbSe, PbS, CdSe, CdS, ZnS, Au, Ag, Pd, and Pt, and wherein the precursor comprises any of a cationic, neutral or particulate Au, Ag, Pd, Pt, or transition metal (Fe, Co, Ni) precursors of Fe(CO)5, Co(CO)8, Ni(CO)4 or their analogues. The first and second solvents comprise any of alkanes, arenes, ethers, nitrites, ketones, and chlorinated hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A method for making lithium-containing magnesium alloy is provided. The method includes carrying out a diffusive electrolysis in an electrolyte, essentially including lithium chloride and potassium chloride, by using a graphite material as an anode and a material of a magnesium or magnesium alloy as a cathode. Therefore, the lithium is diffused into the cathode to form a raw material, lithium-magnesium master alloy, with higher weight percentage of lithium. Further, the lithium-magnesium master alloy is smelted and cast into a lithium-containing magnesium alloy with a desired lithium content.

Abstract: A method of preparing a composite cathode active material having superior cell characteristics includes mixing and milling starting material, carbon and an organic complexing agent. The mixture is heated at a first temperature in an inert atmosphere to form a composite precursor, and then the precursor is ground and heated at a second temperature in an inert atmosphere to produce a carbon-containing composite cathode material having high electronic conductivity The said composite cathode has a general formula of LiFe1-xMxPO4—C, within 0?x<1, M is selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni, V, Cr, Mn and a mixture thereof.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a honeycomb structure-body molding die formed with material feed holes and slit recesses formed in a lattice pattern in communication with the material feed holes, respectively, for molding the material into a honeycomb shape is disclosed. The method comprises a preparing step, a feed-hole forming step and a slit-recess forming step. In the slit-recess forming step, grinding work is conducted using a disc-like thin-blade grinding stone to form non-communication slit recesses on the slit-processing surface each in a depth not to communicate with the material feed holes (in a non-communication grinding process). Then, the grinding work is further conducted to grind the non-communication slit recesses into the slit recesses until the slit recesses are brought into communication with the material feed holes (in a communication grinding process).

Abstract: A tool is provided for rotating a locking sleeve that is concentrically mounted on a plug between locked and unlocked conditions relative to a socket to which the plug is connected, including a tool body containing a recess within which is rotatably supported a driving disk, and a clamping arrangement that clamps the tool body to the locking sleeve such that a circumferential portion of the driving disk protrudes outwardly from the recess into frictional engagement with the peripheral surface of the locking sleeve. Consequently, upon rotation of the driving disk by an operating shaft, the locking sleeve is rotated relative to the socket.

Abstract: An assistant connector for a tool comprises a connecting member, a transmission member and a positioning sleeve. The connecting member is provided with a first engaging sleeve on one end thereof, an engaging section on the other end thereof and a pivot head extending from the engaging section. The pivot head is inserted in one end of a pivot groove of the transmission member provided with a second engaging sleeve on the other end thereof, for forming a freely rotary relationship. In the periphery of the transmission member are formed with a first and a second annular grooves for engaging with a C-shaped ring, respectively. The positioning sleeve formed with a first and a second annular positioning grooves in the inner surface thereof mounts on the transmission member. Thereby, it can meet the requirements of a straight-pole operational mode and a rotary operational mode, achieving simple and convenient operation.

Abstract: An aid for the connecting of a piece of jewelry together that has a pliers type construction. The aid includes a first handle and a first jaw connected by a pivotal joint with a second handle and a second jaw. The first jaw has a distal end portion with an inwardly facing surface that defines a notch. The second jaw has an elongate arcuate distal end portion that fixes the position of a biased clasp of a piece of jewelry. The notch of the first jaw engages a lever of the clasp and opens the clasp while it is fixed in position by the second jaw. The aid includes a bias that urges the jaws to a closed position and retains the clasp in an open position.

Abstract: A cutting or gripping tool capable of producing high leverage force using compound linkage and with a wide range of motion using an adjustable rack system that forms an adjustable triangular shape without changing the compound force. The tool is designed such that it could be operated with one hand to cut a material with successive squeezing of the handles. It embodies an automatic or manual adjustment to a desired opening with linkage that amplifies the mechanical force of the handles. Its uses include but are not limited to: cutting animal hooves, pruning branches, gripping/cutting bolts and clamping objects.

Abstract: A torque wrench for engaging a workpiece includes a wrench body having a first end and a second end. A wrench head is disposed on the first end of the wrench body and is configured to engage the workpiece. A display device is carried by the wrench body and includes a housing, a display, and an input device for inputting a preset torque value. A torque sensor is carried by the wrench head and is electrically connected to the display device. A detent extends outwardly from one of the wrench body, the wrench head, and the user interface and a plurality of recesses is formed in another of the wrench body, the wrench head, and the user interface, each of the recesses being configured to releasably receive the detent. The display device is rotatable relative to the wrench head so that the detent is received by one of the recesses for retaining the display device in a desired angular position with regard to the wrench head.

Abstract: A method is provided wherein a wax-like starting material is worked to obtain a prototype of an ornament, such as a ring, which working of the starting material takes place while the starting material is fixed in place on a manipulable holding fixture. The operations are carried out in at least one Cartesian coordinate (x,y,z) direction as well as in at least one cylinder coordinate (x,r,?) direction, while the starting material is fixed in place on the same holding fixture. This procedure makes the method easier and quicker to carry out, and permits the production numbers therefore to increase, while decreasing the cost price per product.

Abstract: In order to increase the storing capacity of punch scraps with a small space for improving operation efficiency, in an embodiment of a sheet processing device having punch processing device(s) for punch-processing on a conveyed sheet member and a punch-scrap storage box for storing punch scraps therein that are produced by the punch processing and dropped from the punch-processing device(s), there are provided the punch-scrap storage box constituting an air distribution duct having a punch-scrap suction inlet and an air discharge outlet; and air-sucking device(s) (fan) arranged on the most downstream side in the air discharge outlet of the air flowing direction for conveying the punch scraps produced by the punch processing device(s). Air is sucked by the fan so as to catch the punch scraps with punch-scrap separating device(s) arranged on the upstream side of the air flowing direction of the fan so that the punch scraps are heaped within the punch scrap storage box.

Abstract: A punch apparatus for punching holes through a paper stack. The apparatus has a rotationally attached lever handle. The lever handle has a handle end, a contact end, and a rotation axis between the handle end and the contact end. When a downward force is applied to the handle end, the lever handle rotates about the rotation axis. The contact end of the lever handle then exerts a force on a lever arm which in turn rotates a main shaft and attached pressure plate. As a result, the pressure plate exerts a punching force down on punch pins causing them to punch down through the paper stack.

Abstract: A splitting knife adjustment structure used in a table saw for adjusting alignment of a splitting knife with the cutting direction of the saw blade of the table saw is disclosed to include a mounting plate member, an adjustment member movably supported on the mounting plate member to hold a splitting knife, and fastening rods inserted through elongated slots of the adjustment member and the mounting plate member and fastened up with a fixation plate to lock the adjustment member to the mounting plate member so as to fix the position of the splitting knife.

Abstract: A device is provided for supporting plate-shaped materials for at least one separating operation in the plate-shaped material using a separating mechanism that is movable at least in the X direction during a separating operation. The device includes a first supporting table having a first supporting surface and a second supporting table having a second supporting surface. The supporting surface of the first supporting table and the supporting surface of the second supporting table are spaced apart from each other by a gap which is located below the separating mechanism. Each of the supporting tables comprises a separately driven belt conveyor which is guided by a plurality of rollers, each supporting surface being formed between at least two of the rollers which are spaced apart from each other and lie in a plane. The at least two rollers that bound the supporting surface are movable independently of each other in and counter to the Y direction.

Abstract: A paper punch die 102 is disclosed as including an upper part 104 and a lower part 106 which are fixedly secured with each other, in which the lower part 106 includes a wall 116 with a cutting edge 118, in which the upper part 104 is made of a plastics material, and the lower part 106 is made of a metal or metal alloy.

Abstract: A paper punch 100, 200 is disclosed as including a button 110, a die 104, and a die holder 106, 210 with an upper jaw 114, 208 and a lower jaw 116 which are spaced apart from each other, in which the button 110 is operable to move the die 104 relative to the die holder 106, 210 to punch at least a piece of paper out from a sheet of paper 117 received within the paper punch 117, and the die holder 106, 210 includes a wheel 120, 202 for limiting the extent of relative movement between the upper jaw 114, 208 and the lower jaw 116.

Abstract: A material cutting system for cutting predetermined widths of stone. The system includes a fixed frame that is solidly affixed to the stone in the ground. A set of tracks rest on the ground and are adjustably spaced apart to receive the wheels of a stone cutting machine to control the movement of the cutting machine along a straight line to make a cutting pass. A track adjusting system moves the tracks a predetermined distance to allow a subsequent pass to cut the stone. The track adjustment system includes a motive device, such as a winch, affixed to the fixed frame having cables that extend to the tracks such that operation of the winch moves the track laterally toward the fixed frame. The amount of movement is accurately controlled by a spacing member having a predetermined length that provides a gauge to control the lateral movement of the tracks.

Abstract: A bagel dough dividing apparatus having a housing and a manually installable knife assembly for cutting bagel dough introduced into said housing is disclosed. The knife assembly includes: a rotatable shaft; at least one blade mounted to said shaft; and an engagement feature at a shaft first end for releasably engaging a drive assembly mounted to said housing for rotating said removable knife assembly about an axis. The knife assembly may be rotatably mounted at a second end to the housing. The engagement feature may have a configuration complimentary to a corresponding configuration on the drive mechanism to engage the drive mechanism when manually placed adjacent thereto. The engagement feature may include a protrusion axially extending from the shaft, and the protrusion may have a generally semi-cylindrical shape complimentary to a shape of said drive mechanism.

Abstract: A percussion instrument which is excellent in workability at the time of assembly and maintenance and capable of sustaining sounding members in vibration to generate high quality musical tones. The sounding members are arranged in the order of tone pitch, and a supporting cord is inserted through respective through holes formed in the sounding members. The supporting cord is formed at its surface with nonwoven fabric comprised of intertwined ultrafine fibers. The supporting cord inserted through the sounding members is supported at its portions located outside the through holes by fasteners provided on a lower surface of a resonance box.

Abstract: A capo for use with a stringed instrument having a plurality of strings a neck comprising a fingerboard and a back comprises a string-engaging arm, a clamping arm, and a pivotal connection to pivotally interconnect a string-engaging arm and clamping arm. The string-engaging arm adapted to in use extend across the fingerboard above the strings and in use press against the strings. The clamping arm is adapted to, in use, extend across engage the back of the neck. The pivotal connection is disposed, in generally towards one side of the neck and at a position behind the fingerboard inboard of a side edge of the fingerboard. This arrangement and location of the pivotal connection reduces the forces required in use to operate the capo.

Abstract: A fixture adapted to be mounted on a stand for supporting a guitar includes a seat having two compartments, two moving blocks respectively and pivotally received in the two compartments and a resilient member received in the seat to provide recovery force to the two moving blocks after the two moving blocks are pivoted, a cap having two arcuate slots to respectively communicate with the two compartments and two arms to securely connect to a corresponding one of the two moving blocks such that when the arms are moved closer to each other to securely clamp the guitar due to limitation of the two arcuate slots and a weight of the guitar, the two moving blocks are pivoted accordingly and the recovery force from the resilient member is able to push the two moving blocks as well as the two arms back to their original positions.

Abstract: A detachable and portable top pickup for a musical stringed instrument, comprising a clamp having an open end for attaching a top pickup on a pickup holder to a section of a guitar and a connector coupling the top pickup to an elongated bar, the connector allowing the top pickup to slide along the length of the elongated bar. A second clamp can be used to attach to another section of the guitar to get a stronger and more balanced hold for the top pickup. The clamps allow the top pickup to be removed, transferred or reinstalled without causing any damage on the surface of the guitar.

Abstract: A keyboard-type percussion instrument capable of outputting, with high quality, a musical tone to outside the instrument. In an upper part of the instrument, there is provided a tone generator unit including sounding members disposed to respectively correspond to keys of a keyboard and a resonance box in which musical tones generated by sounding members resonate. Action mechanisms each having a hammer felt for striking a corresponding sounding member are disposed below the tone generator unit. Reflection plates and a keybed formed with tone output ports are disposed below the action mechanisms. A musical tone generated by a sounding member struck by a corresponding hammer felt resonates in the resonance box, is output therefrom, passes through the tone output ports, is reflected by the reflection plates, and is output toward rearward of the instrument.

Abstract: An acoustic drum has various implementations for tuning, bracing, attachment, and snare strainer. These implementations are combined in differing configurations of the drum system. Certain aspects of some of the implementations are related to aspects of other of the implementations. For instance, a tuning implementation may use a particular attachment implementation, which in turn may use a certain bracing implementation. Because certain bracing implementations are used, a strainer implementation could be also used if the drum was a snare version. The implementations variously combine to affect performance and/or other esthetic qualities of the acoustic drum.

Abstract: A drum comprising a hollow drum shell having opposite ends and first and second drumheads closing said opposite ends. At least one air vent opening is provided through the drum head for acoustic venting, such that at least one air vent opening is located at a position distanced from at least one of said opposite end by a preset distance range of distances calculated by using the Golden Ratio and an acceptable margin or range of variation therefrom.

Abstract: An acoustic drum has various implementations for tuning, bracing, attachment, and snare strainer. These implementations are combined in differing configurations of the drum system. Certain aspects of some of the implementations are related to aspects of other of the implementations. For instance, a tuning implementation may use a particular attachment implementation, which in turn may use a certain bracing implementation. Because certain bracing implementations are used, a strainer implementation could be also used if the drum was a snare version. The implementations variously combine to affect performance and/or other esthetic qualities of the acoustic drum.