Abstract: Systems and methods for authentication of materials used in imaging members and assemblies. Authentication of imaging materials ensure that compatible components are being used with the imaging members and assemblies. Embodiments provide a system and method for efficiently detecting whether materials being used in the imaging members and assemblies are compatible and authentic materials authorized for such uses.

Abstract: A method and system of irradiating a liquid-carrying container for inspection, including rotating the container, its contents or both around a rotation axis and irradiating the container with an electromagnetic radiation beam, wherein the irradiated cross-section of the container, irradiated by the electromagnetic radiation beam, is less than the cross-section of the container; and, a method and system for inspecting a liquid-carrying container for one or more test parameters of the container, the contents of the container, or both, including rotating the container, the contents or both around a rotation axis, irradiating the container with an electromagnetic radiation beam from a first direction along an irradiation center plane substantially parallel to the rotation axis, capturing a representation of a section of the container from a second direction along a detection center plane substantially parallel to the rotation axis, and processing the representation, wherein the irradiated cross-section of the con

Abstract: A UV light irradiating apparatus for irradiating a semiconductor substrate with UV light includes: a reactor in which a substrate-supporting table is provided; a UV light irradiation unit connected to the reactor for irradiating a semiconductor substrate placed on the substrate-supporting table with UV light through a light transmission window; and a liquid layer forming channel disposed between the light transmission window and at least one UV lamp for forming a liquid layer through which the UV light is transmitted. The liquid layer is formed by a liquid flowing through the liquid layer forming channel.

Abstract: A method of making an integrated circuit including a patterning method using chemically amplified photoresists and exposure apparatus is disclosed. One embodiment provides a photoresist layer exposed using a screened particle beam or a projection exposure with a projection wavelength of less than a limit wavelength below which secondary electrons are initiated by the exposure in the photoresist layer. The photoresist layer is irradiated, at least in a section subjected to the exposing, with UV light having a spectrum below a limit frequency corresponding to the limit wavelength.

Abstract: The present invention provides a beam homogenizer being able to form a rectangular beam spot having homogeneous energy distribution in a direction of its major axis without using the optical lens requiring to be manufactured with high accuracy. In addition, the present invention provides a laser irradiation apparatus being able to irradiate the laser beam having homogeneous energy distribution in a direction of its major axis. Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device being able to enhance crystallinity in the surface of the substrate and to manufacture TFT with a high operating characteristic. The beam homogenizer, one of the present invention, is to shape the beam spot on the surface to be irradiated into a rectangular spot having an aspect ratio of 10 or more, preferably 100 or more, and comprises an optical waveguide for homogenizing the energy distribution of the rectangular beam spot in the direction of its major axis.

Abstract: A method includes generating an ion beam having ions at a first charge state, accelerating the ions at the first charge state to a final energy, altering the first charge state to a second charge state for some of said ions, the second charge state less than the first charge state, providing an ion beam having ions at the second charge state and parasitic beamlets having ions at a charge state different than the second charge state, directing the ion beam having ions at the second charge state towards a wafer, and directing the parasitic beamlets away from the wafer. An ion implanter having a charge exchange apparatus is also provided.

Abstract: A crystallization apparatus includes a light modulation element, and an image forming optical system that forms a light intensity distribution set based on light transmitted through the light modulation element on an irradiation surface. The crystallization apparatus irradiates a non-single crystal semiconductor film with light having the light intensity distribution to generate a crystallized semiconductor film. A curvature radius of at least one isointensity line of a light intensity substantially varies along the isointensity line in the light intensity distribution on the irradiation surface, and a curvature radius of at least a part of the isointensity line has a minimum value of 0.3 ?m or below.

Abstract: An extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light source device and foil trap, the device including a vessel; an EUV radiating species supply means that feeds an extreme ultraviolet radiating species into the vessel; a discharge part with discharge electrodes that heat and excite the EUV radiating species and generate a high-temperature plasma; a collector mirror collecting EUV radiation emitted from the plasma; the foil trap installed between the discharge part and the mirror; an extractor part extracting the collected radiation; and an evacuation means exhausting and regulating pressure within the vessel. The foil trap includes foils extending radially from a main axis thereof to capture debris from the light source, while allowing the emitted radiation to pass through a region thereof to the mirror. A length of at least part of the foils in directions parallel to the main axis is shorter in positions close to the main axis than distant therefrom.

Abstract: In structures of the typical conventional photo couplers, an unwanted rotation or a dislocation during the manufacturing thereof is occurred during the manufacture of the couplers. The photo coupler according to the embodiment includes a lead frame (first lead frame), a lead frame (second lead frame) having an end section bent toward the lead frame, a light emitting element (first optical device) fixed to the lead frame, a light receiving element (second optical device) fixed to the lead frame so as to face the light emitting element, and an electrically insulating film, provided between the light emitting element and the light receiving element, and including an end section having protruding and contracting sections in plan view. An end section of the lead frame has protruding and contracting sections in plan view. Further, the end section of the electrically insulating film fits in the end section of the lead frame.

Abstract: According to the method for characterizing fancy yarn, at least one characteristic of the fancy yarn is scanned along the longitudinal direction of the fancy yarn. Values of the scanning are evaluated and the results of the evaluation are outputted. The results of the evaluation are the fancy yarn parameters such as base yarn mass, base yarn diameter, slub distance, mass increase (?M) of a slub, slub diameter increase, slub diameter, slub length (LE) and/or slub total mass. The evaluation includes a smoothing or idealization of the scanning values, e.g. an idealization of the webs (91, 91?) as horizontal stretches and of the slubs (92, 92?) as trapeziums. the idealized course of the curve may be subtracted from the original course of the curve in order to obtain information on the slubs on the one hand, and on the virtual base yarn on the other hand. The occurring data quantity may be reduced by specifying parameters of the idealized course of the curve.

Abstract: A valve including a valve body having an inlet port and an outlet port, a valve stem, a valve seat, an opening control chamber for the valve stem, which chamber, by being fed with fluid, urges the valve stem to move towards the open position of the valve, a return spring of opposing effect, and a piston suitable for sliding in the body so as to urge contact to be established between the valve stem and the seat. The valve seat is formed on the piston, which piston is provided with a bore in which the valve stem is in its closure movement, the fluid flows out via a constriction from a damping chamber.

Abstract: A detachable fluid coupling for connecting an inkjet printhead with an ink supply, the detachable coupling having a fixed valve member defining a valve seat, a sealing collar (146) for sealing engagement with the valve seat (148), a resilient sleeve (126) having one annular end fixed relative to the fixed valve member (128), and the other annular end engaging the sealing collar to bias it into sealing engagement with the valve seat. The coupling also having a conduit opening (150) that is movable relative to the fixed valve member for engaging the sealing collar (146) to unseal it from the valve seat. Unsealing the sealing collar from the valve seat compresses the resilient sleeve (126) such that an intermediate section of the sleeve displaces outwardly relative to the annular ends. With a resilient sleeve that buckles or folds outwardly, the diameter of the coupling is smaller that the conventional couplings that use an annular resilient element that biases the valve shut remaining residual tension.

Abstract: A ball valve comprising: a valve body with a seat for housing a ball provided with a coaxial through-opening and able to be rotationally operated from a closed valve position into an open valve position and vice versa; two opposite end flanges which are constrained to the valve body on opposite sides of the ball and provided with a respective, coaxial, internal hole and are suitable for connection to respective pipe sections; sealing means arranged between the valve body and the ball and comprising an annular member which is coaxial with the longitudinal axis (X-X) and carries an axial seal housed inside an associated axial seat inside which it is partially inserted in order to interfere with the outer surface of the ball, comprising a coaxial ring axially constrained to the annular seal-carrying member and interfering in the transverse direction (Y-Y) with a front surface portion of the seal in order to retain the latter in the axial direction.

Abstract: A beverage faucet lever comprising: an upper shaft, wherein the upper shaft comprises a tap marker alignment member, and wherein the upper shaft comprises a lip for engaging a tab of a tap marker mounting device, and further wherein the upper shaft is at least partially positionable within a tap marker mounting device; a lower shaft, wherein the lower shaft comprises an actuator and wherein the lower shaft is at least partially positionable within a beverage faucet; and a ball joint positioned between the upper shaft and the lower shaft, wherein the ball joint is at least partially positionable within a beverage faucet.

Abstract: In order to reduce the wear at the spring ends of the valve spring arranged in a spring cup to the greatest possible extent and to increase the lifetime, in particular of the valve springs, the invention proposes to form the internal contour 22 of the spring cup 17 so as to open in the shape of a calotte.

Abstract: A disclosed on-off valve includes a valve body having two openings that may place a process chamber and an evacuation apparatus in pressure communication with each other; a closure element located inside the valve body and adapted to close one of the two openings; a seal member provided in the closure element and adapted to seal the one of the two openings when the closure element closes the one of the two openings; a linear motion driver that linearly moves the closure element; a retreat portion located away from the two openings; and a pivotal motion driver adapted to pivot the closure element between a first position corresponding to the one of the two openings and a second position corresponding to the retreat portion; wherein the closure element is moved to the retreat portion by the linear motion driver and the pivotal motion driver in order to stay at the retreat portion when the closure element is away from the one of the two openings.

Abstract: A control valve body includes a valve seat containing multiple metal pipes and valve chamber; both ends of each pipe being respectively disposed with a water inlet and a water outlet to connect through those chambers; one or a plurality curvature being provided to the pipe between the water inlet and the water outlet; and the valve seat being clad with an outer layer to provide a hard-wearing and production cost saving control valve body construction due to the inherited heat resisting and durable properties of metal pipe.

Abstract: The invention describes a process for improving the sensory properties of fabrics. The fabrics are treated with a water-based preparation which contains alkyl oligoglycosides in combination with mixtures of mono- and diesters of saturated and unsaturated C16-22 fatty acids with diol and polyols, for example as a spray or in the form of a dryer sheet. The compositions may additionally contain auxiliaries and additives, preferably thickeners, such as in particular polymeric thickeners.

Abstract: A method for producing a soft magnetic powdered core comprises a mixing step for forming a raw powder by adding a thermoplastic resin powder to a soft magnetic powder and mixing them, a compacting step for forming a compact by compacting the raw powder into a predetermined shape, a melting and setting step for the resin in which the resin of the compact is melted by heating to at least the melting point of the thermoplastic resin and the melted resin is set by cooling to a room temperature, and a crystallizing step for the resin in which the set resin is heated to not less than the exothermic onset temperature and not more than the endothermic onset temperature, which are measured by DSC analysis of the thermoplastic resin, and is cooled to a room temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions for use in refrigeration, air-conditioning, and heat pump systems wherein the composition comprises a fluoroolefin and at least one other component. The compositions of the present invention are useful in processes for producing cooling or heat, as heat transfer fluids, foam blowing agents, aerosol propellants, and fire suppression and fire extinguishing agents.

Abstract: The objective of the present invention is to provide a composition capable of being used as a refrigerant and which corresponds to the desire for a reduced environmental impact. The composition according to the present invention comprises from 15-25 wt % of difluoromethane (HFC-32), 50-60 wt % of pentafluoroethane (HFC-125), 15-25 wt % of 1,1,1,2 tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) and 1-3 wt % of propene (HC-1270).

Abstract: It is a nontoxic liquid for cooling of all types of engines, anticorrosive protection, boiling point over 130° C., freezing point over ?40° C., it's not harmful to people, animals and plants. The inhibitors and additives make the basic protection against freezing and corrosion in engine. The additives are compatible with the additives for cooling systems recommended by some vehicle and motors producers, like Chrysler, General Motors, Ford, so this coolant meets and exceeds their demands. The basic substance and additives are given in description patent The Formulation of Nontoxic liquid Watery Solution Against Freezing and Corrosion (table “A”) as well as the chemical formulas. When the inhibitor from the patent The Formulation of Watery Solution of Inhibitor Against Corrosion for Utilized Antifreeze is used into the basic substance glycerol-water), the inhibitor is added in 10-15% of weight part. Such a product is applicable immediately.

Abstract: A polishing inhibiting layer forming additive for a slurry, the slurry so formed, and a method of chemical mechanical polishing are disclosed. The polishing inhibiting layer is formed through application of the slurry to the surface being polished and is removable at a critical polishing pressure. The polishing inhibiting layer allows recessed or low pattern density locations to be protected until a critical polishing pressure is exceeded based on geometric and planarity considerations, rather than slurry or polishing pad considerations. With the additive, polishing rate is non-linear relative to polishing pressure in a recessed/less pattern dense location. In one embodiment, the additive has a chemical structure: [CH3(CH2)xN(R)]M, wherein M is selected from the group consisting of: Cl, Br and I, x equals an integer between 2 and 24, and the R includes three carbon-based functional groups, each having less than eight carbon atoms.

Abstract: A curable body repair material is described. The curable body repair material includes a curable polymeric resin, and a plurality of hollow elements. The curable body repair includes less than 3% by number of hollow elements having a diameter greater than 100 micrometers. Method of making and using the same are also described.

Abstract: A novel polyamine derivative, or polyol derivative, having a piperidylaminotriazine skeleton; salts of such compounds; a process for producing them; an organic material stabilizer comprising any of such compounds; a method of stabilizing an organic material; and a stabilized organic material. Compounds of the general formula: (1) (wherein X is N(R4) or an oxygen atom; R1 is an n-valent hydrocarbon group; R2 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl; R3 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, an alkoxy or an acyl; R4 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl; and n is an integer of 3 to 16) are effective in the stabilization of an organic material against deterioration by light, heat, oxygen, ozone and electromagnetic waves, such as X-rays and ?-rays.

Abstract: The present invention provides a deoxidant composition gentle to human bodies and environments which is excellent in the deoxidation effect, does not generate heat during use, can be put to a metal detector, and gives no problems to a human body even when it is ingested accidentally. Specifically, the present invention relates to a deoxidant composition comprising a polyphenol derivative obtainable by subjecting a polyphenol to a reaction using an alkaline solvent under the coexistence of an oxygen molecule at a pH during reaction of 6.5 or more, and one member selected from water, a water-donating compound and a moisture absorbent.

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound represented by the following formula is provided to enhance the contrast of a liquid crystal device using ferroeloctric liquid crystal: R1 is an alkyl group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms. R2 is an alkyl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms. X1 and X2 are each independently hydrogen ox fluorine.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition having a nematic phase that includes two components, wherein the first component is a specific compound having negatively large dielectric anisotropy, and the second component is a specific two-ring compound having especially small viscosity, and a liquid crystal display device including the composition.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a material that has a high excitation energy, in particular, a high triplet excitation energy. Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to provide a material than can be easily synthesized and that has low crystallinity. In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a light-emitting element that has high luminous efficacy and high reliability by application of this material to the light-emitting element. An oxadiazole derivative represented by the General Formula (G1) given below is synthesized and applied to a light-emitting element. (R1 to R7 each represent either hydrogen or an alkyl group with from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dispersant having a multifunctional head, and a phosphor paste composition comprising the dispersant. The dispersant has a multifunctional head that comprises an acidic group, a basic group and an aromatic group, thereby enhancing an affinity for the surface of phosphor particles and improving dispersibility.

Abstract: An adhesive agent composition for bonding an electronic component contains a polyester unsaturated compound having a number average molecular weight of 2,000-6,000. The electronic component is bonded by using a film produced by forming the composition into a film.

Abstract: Powdered quantum dots that can be dispersed into a silicone layer are provided. The powdered quantum dots are a plurality of quantum dot particles, preferably on the micron or nanometer scale. The powdered quantum dots can include quantum dot-dielectric particle complexes or quantum dot-crosslinked silane complexes. The powdered quantum dots can included quantum dot particles coated with a dielectric layer.

Abstract: A polymer composition is provided which is white and opaque (i.e. shields from light). The polymer composition comprises a blend of (i) a silicon-free polycarbonate polymer and (ii) a polycarbonate-polysiloxane copolymer; a whitener such as titanium dioxide; and (iii) a non-white colorant such as carbon black. The resulting composition, when molded and measured at a thickness of 0.75 mm, has an L* of greater than 80 and a % T of less than 1%. The composition also has good impact strength at low temperatures and good stability during processing.

Abstract: A method of creating and controlling the particle spacing of a regular lattice of monodisperse particles or a mixture of monodisperse particles by using an electric field.

Abstract: A color filter ink used to manufacture a color filter by an inkjet method includes a colorant and a liquid medium for dissolving and/or dispersing the colorant. If a hardened material of a urethane adhesive is left intact and sealed in the liquid medium at atmospheric pressure and at a temperature of 40° C. for ten days, a swelling rate of the hardened material is 140% or less. The liquid medium has an alkoxyl group, a carbon number of the alkoxyl group being four or more, and/or an acetyl group at an end of a molecule chain.

Abstract: Ink for a color filter is used for manufacturing a color filter by an ink-jet method and includes a colorant and a liquid medium in which the colorant is dissolved and/or dispersed. The liquid medium includes a compound that has an alkoxyl group and/or acetyl group whose carbon number is 4 or more at an end of a molecular chain, and a swelling ratio of an epoxy-based adhesive is 30% or less after the hardened epoxy-based adhesive is left sealed in the liquid medium for 10 days under atmospheric pressure and at 40° C.

Abstract: A color filter ink for manufacturing a color filter with an ink-jet method. The ink includes a colorant and a liquid medium into which the colorant is dissolved and/or dispersed. The liquid medium includes at least one ether oxygen atom within a molecule, in addition to radicals provided at both ends of a molecular chain, the radicals both being selected from an alkoxyl group and an acetyl group. If a hardened butyl rubber is sealed inside the liquid medium for 10 days under atmospheric pressure at 40° C.

Abstract: A supporting member (10), typically a fence post, or grape vine support post, including a hollow elongate member (11) having an outer rim (22), a plurality of longitudinally extending ribs (23,24,25) connected to the inside surface of the outer rim (22) and a high impact substance (27) inside the hollow elongate member (11) adapted to provide extra strength.

Abstract: A trim guard, that surrounds wooden posts sunken into the ground, as well as other embedded structures is disclosed. The trim guard protects the posts or support structures from mechanical abrasion from devices such as rotary weed trimmers.

Abstract: A barrier fencing arrangement, including a foundation member positioned at least partially below a ground surface, where the foundation member includes a body with a top portion and at least one fin extending from the body. An extension member, having a body attached to or integral with the body of the foundation member, extends from the top portion of the body of the foundation member at least partially above the ground surface.

Abstract: A guardrail run with a rail is arranged along and substantially parallel to a roadway. The rail is made of consecutively arranged round timber sections with abutting end sections. Each round timber section includes a metal band disposed in a vertical groove extending along the bottom side. The timber sections are releasably attached to posts anchored alongside the roadway. A locking plate having a U-shape configuration with two legs connected by a web overlaps with the ends of the metal bands of two adjacent timber sections. The ends of the metal bands are received between the two legs of the locking plate, thereby coupling the metal bands with one another.

Abstract: An energy-absorbing post for absorbing the impact energy of an errant vehicle wherein the impact energy is absorbed by out-of-place deformation in the material of the post. Out-of-plane deformation is provided by utilizing a through bolt extending through a splice connection between upper and lower posts sections. Alternatively, out-of-plane deformation is provided by leaving an axial gap on a splice bolts. For terminal applications, a single through-bolt is utilized to allow the upper post section to pivot during end on impacts. Bolt tear out facilitators, including stress concentrators and pre-buckles, or an angled through-bolt decrease any initially high tear-out forces.

Abstract: A fence post comprising a first post member including at least one through rail opening formed therethrough. There is also at least one through wire opening formed through the post member with an insulating member positioned therein. Additionally, at least one cavity is formed in the first post member for receiving a preserving composition therein. A driving member is fixed to a bottom surface of the first post member that includes at least one projection having a predetermined contour projecting from a bottom surface thereof for breaking obstacles as the first post member is driven through a ground surface.

Abstract: Methods of fabricating phase change memory elements include forming an insulating layer on a semiconductor substrate, forming a through hole penetrating the insulating layer, forming a lower electrode in the through hole and forming a recess having a sidewall comprising a portion of the insulating layer by selectively etching a surface of the lower electrode relative to the insulating layer. A phase change memory layer is formed on the lower electrode. The phase change memory layer has a portion confined by the recess and surrounded by the insulating layer. An upper electrode is formed on the phase change memory layer. Phase change memory elements are also provided.

Abstract: A nanostructure includes a nanowire having metallic spheres formed therein, the spheres being characterized as having at least one of about a uniform diameter and about a uniform spacing there between. A nanostructure in another embodiment includes a substrate having an area with a nanofeature; and a nanowire extending from the nanofeature, the nanowire having metallic spheres formed therein, the spheres being characterized as having at least one of about a uniform diameter and about a uniform spacing there between. A method for forming a nanostructure is also presented. A method for reading and writing data is also presented. A method for preparing nanoparticles is also presented.

Abstract: A composite quantum dot structure (4) comprises a charge carrier confinement region, such as a quantum dot (2), a barrier (5) and an electrically conductive layer (3). This structure allows the dimensions of the conductive layer (3) to be substantially independent of the size of the region (2), so that the dimensions of the region (2) can thus be selected in order to achieve desired optical properties, while the electrically conductive layer (3) can be of sufficient thickness to ensure that it can be reliably deposited. The structure may also include a cladding layer (7) (FIG. 4) to compensate for any lack of chemical affinity between the barrier (5) and conductive layer (3). An ensemble of such structures be provided in which the quantum dots (1) have various radii but the dimensions of the conductive layers (3) and the overall dimensions of the structures are substantially uniform, e.g. for use in an amplifier configured to amplify light of various wavelengths.

Abstract: AC LED according to the present invention comprises a substrate, and at least one serial array having a plurality of light emitting cells connected in series on the substrate. Each of the light emitting cells comprises a lower semiconductor layer consisting of a first conductive compound semiconductor layer formed on top of the substrate, an upper semiconductor layer consisting of a second conductive compound semiconductor layer formed on top of the lower semiconductor layer, an active layer interposed between the lower and upper semiconductor layers, a lower electrode formed on the lower semiconductor layer exposed at a first corner of the substrate, an upper electrode layer formed on the upper semiconductor layer, and an upper electrode pad formed on the upper electrode layer exposed at a second corner of the substrate.

Abstract: A light emitting element includes a group III nitride semiconductor substrate that emits a light by absorbing a UV ray and a light emitting diode structure. The light emitting diode structure is formed of a group III nitride semiconductor grown on the group III nitride semiconductor substrate, and has a p-type layer, an active layer that emits a light having a wavelength in the UV region, and an n-type layer. It is preferable that the group III nitride semiconductor substrate has a principal plane of a non-polar plane or a semi-polar plane and the group III nitride semiconductor having a same plane orientation as that of the principal plane is grown on the principal plane.

Abstract: Disclosed are a semiconductor device, which forms two insulation layers having different patterns by one mask process, and a method of manufacturing the same. In a semiconductor device having double insulation layers, a photosensitive material is included in an upper insulation layer. During a manufacture of the semiconductor device, the photosensitive material is used as a photo resist layer in order to reduce the number of masks.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thin film transistor. The thin film transistor includes a semiconductor having first, second, third, fourth, and fifth electrode regions arranged in a direction and spaced apart from each other and first, second, third, and fourth offset regions disposed between the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth electrode regions, respectively. An input electrode is connected to the third electrode region, an output electrode is connected to the first and fifth electrode regions, an insulating layer is disposed on the semiconductor, and a control electrode is disposed on the insulating layer and the second and fourth electrode regions.