Abstract: A method for obtaining a capability from a network interface card (NIC), involving sending a query to the NIC for the capability, obtaining the capability from the NIC in response to the query, sending the capability to a virtual NIC, and sending the capability from the virtual NIC to a virtual network stack associated with the virtual NIC, wherein the capability is used by the virtual network stack to process packets.

Abstract: A communication apparatus which performs a carrier detection and is connected to a transmission line includes: a carrier detecting unit which detects a first control signal for the carrier detection and a second control signal for the carrier detection; a comparing unit which compares carrier detecting results obtained by the carrier detecting unit; and a control unit which controls at least one of a symbol length of the first control signal and a symbol length of the second control signal based upon a comparison result obtained by the comparing unit.

Abstract: A method of metering bandwidth allocation on a server using credits is disclosed. The method may receive a request for data from a client, respond to the request for data and determining if the request for data for the client exceeds a current data allocation credit limit for the client. Using the round trip time, the method may calculate a connection throughput for a client and may increase the current data allocation credit limit for the client if the server has resources to spare, the client is actively using the current pipeline depth allowed and network connection latency and bandwidth indicate a deeper pipeline is necessary for saturation. The method may decrease the current data allocation credit limit for the client if the server does not have resources to spare.

Abstract: A wireless communication device and a method of re-establishing a connection with a WPAN master device is presented. The method includes detecting that a first master station of a WPAN session which includes the first master device and one or more stations becomes unavailable, activating a master station application to become a second master station and sending one beacon to notify the stations of the session about the second master station connectivity parameters.

Abstract: A system and method for performing medium access control in a system for wireless communication of uncompressed video is disclosed. In one aspect, the system includes one or more high rate channels overlapping with a primary low rate channel and one or more secondary low rate channels. In another aspect, the system includes a communication device configured to communicate a bandwidth request message identifying bandwidth required for communication with another communication device. The bandwidth request message contains information allowing a device coordinator to determine a reserved time slot for communication on a secondary low rate channel when communication is determined not to be possible on a high rate channel. Transmission on the secondary low rate channel is time division duplexed with a high rate channel, where transmission at any one time can take place on either the high rate or the secondary low rate channel.

Abstract: This invention proposes unique methods and apparatus for networking low cost low energy sensor nodes. The invention focuses on efficient Media Access Control (MAC) schemes to provide differentiated Quality of Service (QoS) to the sensor nodes in single-hop wireless and wired networks where the source nodes do not have a receiver module. Hence they can only transmit data to a sink but cannot receive any control signals, like an ACK or NAK, from any other node. None of the existing schemes like polling or scheduled transmissions, CSMA or ARQ is thus effective in this type of networks. The proposed scheme provides QoS to the nodes using distributed control by allowing them to transmit each packet an optimal number of times within a given interval.

Abstract: Prioritized communications are facilitated based on a receiving user's designation of a source (initiator), a delivery mode, and other parameters associated with the communication. The receiver may configure a list of preapproved initiators, delivery devices and modes, and any associated services such as a locator service, a mapping service, a directory service, etc. The communication is initiated by the initiator or automatically from an application associated with the initiator's device. A communication service or a hosted service retrieves receiver information and facilitates prioritized communication also providing optional services associated with the communication.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus to share channel estimates in cooperative wireless networks are described. In one embodiment, channel information of first wireless device may be transmitted to a second wireless device via a crosslink. Other embodiments are also described.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for network distribution and provisioning of applications, such as transactional applications and parallel applications, across multiple administrative domains that ensure compliance with service level agreements. For example, a method of provisioning one or more resources in a distributed computing network to ensure compliance with a service level agreement associated with a computer application includes the following steps. Network performance is monitored between a local domain and one or more cooperating domains connected to the local domain by network paths. A present or predicted violation of the service level agreement is identified based on at least a portion of results of the monitoring step. One or more cooperating domains are selected that can effect compliance with the service level agreement by instantiating one or more network resources within at least one of the selected cooperating domains in response to a request from the local domain.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for power control in a wireless communication involves establishing at least two orthogonal sub-channels within a channel for communication and controlling transmitted power in each sub-channel independently.

Abstract: A system and method for communicating data for display on a remote display device are disclosed. A method includes converting at least one first DisplayPort transfer unit into at least one a network packet capable of being transmitted via a data network. The network packet may be transmitted via the data network and converted into at least one second DisplayPort transfer unit. The at least one second DisplayPort transfer unit may then be routed to a display device for display.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention address deficiencies of the art in respect to conversation protocol validation and provide a method, system and computer program product for testing protocol compatibility between trading partners in a B2B conversation. In one embodiment of the invention, a method for testing protocol compatibility between roles in a B2B conversation can be provided. The method can include selecting at least two roles from amongst global process models, constructing local protocols for each of the selected roles, generating a conversation protocol from the constructed local protocols, and detecting dead-end states in the generated conversation protocol to identify protocol incompatibility while identifying protocol compatibility in the absence of dead-end states in the generated conversation protocol.

Abstract: Device, system and method of UDP communication. For example, an apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the invention includes a non-kernel UDP protocol handler adapted to perform a UDP operation of a user mode application by bypassing the operating system kernel and directly accessing a communication adapter having an operating system bypass capability.

Abstract: The invention provides for systems, methods, and a transport re-encapsulator/tagger for delivering streaming media to customer premises equipment. A digital streaming media system broadcasts streaming media to provider networks which use middleware which has certain requirements for the transport encapsulation and tagging of headers of the streaming media. The invention provides for re-encapsulating/tagging of media broadcasts having one type of transport encapsulation/tagging into a type of transport encapsulation/tagging required by the middleware.

Abstract: A computer implemented method, apparatus, and computer usable program code to receive data from a source at a plurality of gateways for distribution using a selected priority. The data is transmitted from the plurality of gateways to a plurality of receivers using the selected priority. Every gateway in the plurality of gateways has an adaptive bandwidth control process and a respective set of parameters for controlling the adaptive bandwidth control process for sending the data at the selected priority. Transmission of the data from each gateway for the selected priority has a different impact on other traffic at different gateways in the plurality gateways for the selected priority when different values are set for the set of parameters for the different gateways.

Abstract: A received frame processing device that receives a frame of variable length from a network, and transfers the frame to a buffer group that is provided on a system memory and is a common area to a CPU, wherein a buffer includes a plurality of buffers. And a second frame is transferred to a first buffer when the second frame is received before a given amount of time has elapsed after a first frame has been transferred to the first buffer, on the other hand, the second frame is transferred to a second buffer after the ownership of the first buffer has been transferred to the CPU when the second frame is received after the first frame has been transferred to the first buffer and after a given amount of time or longer has elapsed.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the invention is a method and apparatus for scalable storage for data stream processing systems. One embodiment of a system for processing a data stream, includes a first set of processing elements configured for processing of at least the lightweight portion of an information unit and a second set of processing units configured for storage of the heavyweight portion of the information unit.

Abstract: Techniques for transmitting data in a communication system are described. A packet may be partitioned into multiple subpackets, and each subpacket may be encoded separately. The subpackets may be mapped to resources assigned for transmission of the packet, with at least one subpacket being mapped to a subset of the assigned resources. The assigned resources may include multiple tiles, with each tile corresponding to a block of time frequency resources. The subpackets may be mapped to the tiles such that (i) the subpackets are mapped to equal number of tiles to achieve similar decoding performance, (ii) each subpacket is mapped to at least NMIN tiles, if available, to achieve a certain minimum diversity order for the subpacket, and/or (iii) each subpacket is mapped to a subset of the multiple tiles, if possible, so that the subpacket can be decoded without having to demodulate all of the tiles.

Abstract: The sensor device according to the present invention is comprised of: an address storage unit 107 which stores a channel address to be used; a temperature sensor 103; a table storage unit 101 which stores an address table in which a measurement value is associated with a channel address; an address specification unit 102 which specifies a channel address associated with a measured value obtained from the temperature sensor 103; an address update unit 105 which updates the channel address in the address storage unit 107; a judgment unit 108 which judges whether or not inquiry data is directed to the channel address stored in the address storage unit 107; a response generation unit 106 which generates response data which is a response to the inquiry data; and a communication unit 109 which transmits the response data to a retrieval node 120.

Abstract: VDSL (Very-high-data-rate Digital Subscriber Line) technology uses at least one downlink frequency band (D1, D2) for conveying information from a data network to a subscriber's transceiver unit. At some sites VDSL technology cannot be used because no standardized uplink frequency band (U1, U2) is usable. The invention solves this problem by using at least one non-VDSL uplink frequency band (N1) for conveying information from the subscriber's transceiver unit to the data network.

Abstract: An assembly (10) of three telecommunications modules (12, 14, 16) each having an equal number of contacts for connecting wires (18, 20, 28) therewith, comprises splitter circuits (30?, 30?), the number of splitter circuits (30?, 30?) being equal to half of the number of contacts of each module (12, 14, 16), one third of the contacts (24, 74) of the assembly (10) being adapted to transmit a line signal, one third of the contacts (22, 72) of the assembly (10) being adapted to transmit a POTS signal, and one third of the contacts (26) of the assembly (10) being adapted to transmit a DSLAM-signal. A module, particularly for use within an assembly, is open at a side other than a front side, at which contacts are exposed, so as to allow at least one splitter circuit (30?, 30?) to be at least partially inserted into the module.

Abstract: Method for maintaining transmission synchrony in wireless communications networks. An embodiment includes computing a transmission time for a packet, adding an adjustment to the transmission time in response to a determining that clock drift has occurred between a local clock and a clock of a host device, and scheduling the packet for transmission at the transmission time. The adjustment is based on timing information provided by control instructions transmitted by the host device. The adjustment is computed using timing information from consecutively received control instructions and a single clock contained in a wireless device. If clock drift has occurred, then the timing information will differ significantly for the two control instructions. The ability to perform the clock drift calculation using a single clock may help to keep the cost and power consumption of the wireless device as low as possible.

Abstract: A unit for use in a communication system comprises a communication module having an oscillator configured to generate a master clock signal; a plurality of conversion modules; and a distribution component configured to distribute the master clock signal from the communication module to each of the plurality of conversion modules. Each of the plurality of conversion modules comprises a filter configured to filter the master clock signal; and a converter configured to use the filtered master clock signal in converting between analog and digital signals.

Abstract: A method and system for synchronizing the rendering of content at various rendering devices. Each rendering device has a device time and a rendering time. The synchronization system designates one of the rendering devices as a master rendering device and designates all other rendering devices as slave rendering devices. Each slave rendering device adjusts the rendering of its content to keep it in synchronization with the rendering of the content at the master rendering device. The master rendering device sends a message with its rendering time and corresponding device time to the slave rendering devices. Each slave rendering device, upon receiving the message from the master rendering device, determines whether it is synchronized with the master rendering time. If not, the slave rendering device adjusts the rendering of its content to compensate for the difference between the master rendering time and the slave rendering time.

Abstract: An apparatus (200) and method (300) for receiving a communications signal. A spread spectrum signal demodulator (210) is adapted to demodulate a packet header (110) of a data packet (102) that is communicated by a wireless communications signal. The packet header (110) is modulated with a spread spectrum technique and the spread spectrum signal demodulator (210) produces a packet header detection signal 220 representing a successful detection of a predefined packet header value. A non-spread spectrum signal demodulator (212) is communicatively coupled to the spread spectrum signal demodulator (210) and demodulates, in response to the packet header detection signal (212), a non-spread spectrum modulated data payload within the data packet. A data output select (234) produces demodulated data produced by either one of both the spread spectrum signal demodulator (210) or the non-spread spectrum signal demodulator (212).

Abstract: A multi-mode transmitter (301) is adapted to modulate a data packet (200) communicated by a wireless communications signal. The data packet includes a packet header comprising a preamble (201) and a start of frame delimiter (202), and a data payload comprising a payload data length portion (203) and a payload portion (204). The packet header is modulated with a spread spectrum technique. When transmitting a data payload in one mode, the data payload is also modulated with the spread spectrum technique. When transmitting a data payload in another mode, the data payload is modulated with a non-spread spectrum technique.

Abstract: Methods and structures are described for processing signals formatted according to a plurality of different wireless and broadband standards. In some embodiments, network resources are shared to enable energy efficient, pseudo-simultaneous processing. In some embodiments, a timestamp is prepended to input data to remove jitter associated with time division multiplexed processing using shared resources. Systems according to embodiments of the invention are also disclosed.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, system and device for clock transmission between a sender and a receiver. The sender generates clock information of a clock to be sent relative to a system clock and sends a data packet containing the clock information to the receiver over a Packet-Switched Network (PSN). The receiver obtains the clock information in the data packet received and obtains the clock sent by the sender according to the clock information and the system clock. According to the embodiments of the present invention, after the clock of the sender is transmitted over the PSN, the receiver may obtain the clock of the sender without being affected by such damage as a network delay jitter and a packet loss.

Abstract: Embodiments include systems and methods for fine control of beam steering for wide band wireless applications using a phased array of antenna elements. In one embodiment, a digitally controlled delay line delays the signal output from a modulator in each branch of multiple branches feeding multiple antennas in an array. An output of the digital delay line is input to a digital to analog converter. A second digital delay line also delays the signal within the digital to analog converter. The manner of implementation of the delays enables accurate production of a steered beam at a high data rate.

Abstract: Laser apparatus is disclosed in which fundamental-wavelength optical pulses delivered from a mode-locked laser resonator at a pulse-repetition frequency (PRF) are converted to harmonic-wavelength pulses in an optical delay loop. One example is disclosed in which the harmonic-wavelength pulses are delivered directly from the delay loop. Another example is disclosed in which the harmonic-wavelength pulses are divided by the delay loop into a number of temporally spaced-apart replicas thereof, and the delay loop delivers bursts of replicas of different one of the harmonic wavelength pulses at a burst-repetition frequency equal to or a multiple of the PRF of the resonator.

Abstract: A laser handpiece is disclosed, including a fiber optic end having a non-cylindrical shape and further including a reflector surrounding a portion of the fiber optic end. The reflector is shaped to direct laser energy emitted from the fiber optic end in a direction away from the laser handpiece and toward a treatment site.

Abstract: A method for controlling operation of a transistor includes the following steps: providing a bipolar transistor having emitter, base and collector regions; applying electrical signals to the transistor to produce light emission from the transistor; effecting photon-assisted tunneling of carriers in the transistor with self-generated photons of the light emission, and controlling operation of the transistor by controlling the photon-assisted tunneling.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments provide tunable laser devices, methods for making the laser devices and methods for tuning the laser devices. The tunable laser devices can include an optically pumped semiconductor laser heterostructure, on which a distributed-feedback (DFB) laser grating having variable grating spacings (or chirps) can be formed. The optically pumped semiconductor laser heterostructure can be an optically pumped type-II quantum well laser structure. The emission wavelength of the tunable laser devices can be tuned by changing positions of the region illuminated by the pump laser and with respect to the chirped DFB grating. The disclosed laser devices and methods can provide tunable laser emission with a combination of narrow linewidth and high output power that can be used for remote sensing applications and/or spectroscopic applications across the entire mid infrared (IR) spectral region.

Abstract: A tunable laser comprises a gain section and two or more reflectors. At least one of the reflectors is a Bragg grating comprising a reduced strength section comprising a base order periodic pattern of marks and spaces from at which at least some of the marks or spaces are missing. This enables the reflective strength of the grating to be controlled relative to the other reflector. The Bragg grating may be a phase change grating with individual sections being reduced in strength by line removal.

Abstract: A laser light generating apparatus includes a laser light source, a phase-modulator, a signal generating unit configured to generate a modulation signal applied to the phase-modulator, a first external resonator, a second external resonator disposed at the stage succeeding the first external resonator, nonlinear optical elements each provided in the external resonators configured to implement wavelength conversion, an optical path length varying unit for varying the optical path length of each of the external resonators, and a control circuit having a negative feedback arrangement configured to obtain error signals for each of the external resonators, and configured to control the optical path length varying unit using the error signals according to FM sideband method. In the laser light generating apparatus, the external resonators are each held simultaneously in a resonance state by setting the frequency of the modulation signal and by controlling the optical path length of each of the external resonators.

Abstract: A laser is disclosed, which is suitable for efficient generation of continuous-wave laser light having a wavelength of about 400 nm or less. The short-wavelength light is generated by first frequency-doubling a fundamental wave, and then sum-frequency mixing the frequency-doubled wave and the fundamental wave. The non-linear interactions are effected by means of quasi-phasematching structures inside a resonant cavity where the fundamental wave is circulating. The sum-frequency mixing is effected using second or higher order quasi-phasematching, which allows for wider domains to be inverted for the quasi-phasematching structure compared to first order quasi-phasematching. Preferably, the sum-frequency mixing is effected using periodically poled stoichiometric lithium tantalate (PPSLT) for second or third order quasi-phasematching.

Abstract: An apparatus processes a surface of an inhabitable structure. The apparatus includes a laser base unit which irradiates an interaction region with laser light, the laser light removing material from the structure. The laser base unit includes a laser generator and a laser head coupled to the laser generator. The laser head includes a containment plenum which confines and removes material from the interaction region. The containment plenum includes a rubber seal which contacts the structure and which substantially surrounds the interaction region, thereby facilitating confinement and removal of material from the interaction region, and providing reduced disruption to activities within the structure. The apparatus further includes an anchoring mechanism releasably coupled to the structure and releasably coupled to the laser head. The apparatus further includes a controller electrically coupled to the laser base unit. The controller transmits control signals to the laser base unit in response to user input.

Abstract: The two-dimensional photonic crystal surface emitting laser according to the present invention includes a number of main modified refractive index areas periodically provided in a two-dimensional photonic crystal and secondary structures each relatively located in a similar manner to each of the main modified refractive index areas. The location of the secondary structure is determined so that a main reflected light which is reflected by a main modified refractive index area and a secondary reflected light which is reflected by a secondary structure are weakened or intensified by interference.

Abstract: A laser is disclosed including a gain section having a distributed feedback grating imposed thereon. An absorption section is embedded in the gain section such that the first and second portions of the distributed feedback grating extend on either side of the electro-absorption section. A controller imposes a substantially DC bias signal on the first and second gain electrodes and imposes a modulation signal encoding digital data on the modulation electrode to generate a frequency modulated signal. In some embodiments, the first and second portions are biased above the lasing threshold and the absorption section is modulated below the lasing threshold to modulate loss in the absorption section.

Abstract: A laser apparatus includes: a laser light source; an output member for receiving and transmitting a laser light flux generated by the laser light flux, and outputting a laser light flux; an optical aligning member for positioning the laser light flux generated by the laser light source to the output member; a drive for driving the optical aligning member; a drive controller; an output detector for outputting a detected output representing an intensity of a laser light flux outputted from the output member; and an output controller. The drive controller controls the drive to drive the optical aligning member and the output controller changes a power of the laser light flux generated by the light source, based on the detected output.

Abstract: A new and useful attenuating device and method for attenuating a polarized laser beam is provided. At least one attenuating optic is located along, and is rotatable about, a polarized laser beam axis, and is configured to transmit and to reflect portions of the polarized laser beam. The attenuating optic provides predetermined attenuation of the polarized laser beam by changing the ratio between transmission and reflection of the polarized laser beam as a function of the incidence of the polarized laser beam on one or more partially reflective surfaces of the attenuating optic. The attenuating optic is rotatable about the polarized laser beam axis to control the incidence of the polarized laser beam on the one or more partially reflective surfaces of the attenuating optic, thereby to control the ratio between transmission and reflection of the polarized laser beam and provide a range of attenuation of the polarized laser beam.

Abstract: The laser tube housing of a CO2 slab laser is provided with a cooling system in which coolant fluid tubes are inserted into hollowed out portions formed in the longitudinal sidewalls of the laser tube housing; mounting the coolant fluid tubes in this way provides for enhanced cooling and increased stiffness of the laser tube housing. Also, a cooling system is provided for the laser's electrode assembly that relies on a manifold system that is mounted on a longitudinal sidewall of the laser tube housing to route coolant fluid through the sidewall to the electrode assembly; sidewall flow of the coolant fluid enables the end flanges of the laser tube housing to be remove without disturbing either the electrodes or the optical resonator of the laser.

Abstract: A laser head generating ultrashort pulses is integrated with an active beam steering device in the head. Direct linkage with an application system by means of an adequate interface protocol enables the active device to be controlled directly by the application system.

Abstract: VCSEL array with a structure in which vertical cavity surface emitting devices are arranged on a substrate. The VCSEL array includes first and second optical devices. The second optical device receives light that is directed parallel to the substrate and emitted from the first optical device and converts the light into an electric signal when a voltage applied to the second optical device is switched to a reverse bias. The second optical device emits light that is directed parallel to the substrate when a voltage applied to the second optical device is switched to a forward bias.

Abstract: A laser rod and methods of manufacturing a plurality of laser rods such that each laser rod has two polished end surfaces and an optical axis that extends between the two polished end surfaces. The laser rod includes a gain material component that has a substantially prismatic shape. The gain material component includes: a first end surface that is substantially optically smooth; a second end surface that is substantially optically smooth; at least three flat side surfaces; and an optical axis, which is substantially parallel to the flat side surfaces. The optical axis intersects the first end surface at a first incidence angle and it intersects the second end surface at a second incidence angle.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser device capable of improving planarity of cleavage planes of an optical waveguide thereof is obtained. This semiconductor laser device includes a support substrate, a semiconductor laser element portion having a pair of cavity facets provided with ends of an optical waveguide extending in a first direction and a bonding layer bonding the support substrate and the semiconductor laser element portion to each other, while the bonding layer has void portions formed on regions close to at least the ends of the optical waveguide in the vicinity of the cavity facets.

Abstract: A method for forming a semiconductor laser chip is provided that can suppress layer discontinuity and simultaneously reduce fabrication variations in the light radiation angle in the horizontal direction. The method includes a step of forming, on an n-type GaAs substrate, a semiconductor element layer composed of a plurality of semiconductor layers including an etching marker layer, a step of forming, in a contact layer in the semiconductor element layer, a depressed portion having a depth not reaching the etching marker layer, and a step of forming a ridge portion by etching the semiconductor element layer by dry etching while monitoring, with laser light, the etching depth in the bottom region of the depressed portion.

Abstract: A semiconductor laser comprises: a substrate; an n-cladding layer disposed on the substrate; an active layer disposed on the n-cladding layer; a p-cladding layer disposed on the active layer and forming a waveguide ridge; and a diffraction grating layer disposed between the active layer and the n-cladding layer or the p-cladding layer and including a phase shift structure in a part of the diffraction grating layer in an optical waveguide direction. The width of the p-cladding layer is increased in a portion corresponding to the phase shift structure of the diffraction grating layer.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a semiconductor laser having an end face window structure, by growing over a substrate a nitride type Group III-V compound semiconductor layer including an active layer including a nitride type Group III-V compound semiconductor containing at least In and Ga, the method includes the steps of: forming a mask including an insulating film over the substrate, at least in the vicinity of the position of forming the end face window structure; and growing the nitride type Group III-V compound semiconductor layer including the active layer over a part, not covered with the mask, of the substrate.

Abstract: In a p-type clad layer, not only a p-type dopant Zn but also Fe is doped. Its Zn concentration is 1.5×1018 cm?3 and the Fe concentration is 1.8×1017 cm?3. In a semi-insulating burying layer, Fe is doped as an impurity generating a deep acceptor level and the concentration thereof is 6.0×1016 cm?3. The Fe concentration in the p-type clad layer is thus three times higher than the Fe concentration in the burying layer.