Abstract: The present invention is in the field of plasma display panel filters, and more specifically the present invention is in the field of multiple layer plasma display panel filters that can be effectively mounted directly to the front glass surface of a plasma display panel module.

Abstract: A method for constructing three-dimensional structures with a multi-part construction toy comprised of connectable component parts. A flat construction plan is provided illustrating in full size a two-dimensional structure constituting all or a large part of the intended three-dimensional structure. The connectable component parts are placed directly over their respective illustrations on the flat plan, and joined to form the two-dimensional structure. The two-dimensional structure may include a pair of opposite side subassemblies joined by one or more reorientable bridging elements, for example a flexible panel. After completion, the two-dimensional structure is picked up and erected to three-dimensional form by bending or pivoting the bridging element to position the opposite side subassemblies in spaced apart, usually parallel relation. The free ends of the subassemblies are then joined, usually by a bridging element, which may form an end element of the two-dimensional structure.

Abstract: An apparatus 40 for sharpening a router or shaper bit 12 of the type having a flat cutting face 18. The apparatus 40 includes a chuck 64 holding the cutting bit 12. A grinding wheel 108 has a flat grinding face 110 and a grinding wheel shaft 116 on which the grinding wheel 108 rotates. A chuck support supports the chuck 64 and positions it so that the bit cutting face 18 is in a plane parallel to and in front of the flat face 110 of the grinding wheel 108. A side adjustment plate 46 has an index dial by which the side adjustment plate 46 is moved incrementally, in small amounts, to move the cutting face 18 of bit 12 into and against the grinding wheel face 110 during the grinding process. A carriage plate 44 permits moving the bit 12 back and forth in a plane perpendicular to the grinding wheel shaft. A laser 314 directs a beam onto a mirror 318 affixed to the bit cutting face 28.

Abstract: An eyeglass lens processing apparatus for processing an eyeglass lens, includes: a facetting tool that facets an edge corner of the lens which has been finished; a lens chuck that holds the lens; an input unit that inputs a target lens shape; a lens measuring unit that obtains front and rear edge paths of the lens, which has been finished, based on the input target lens shape; a display unit that displays a front outline graphic and a side outline graphic as view from at least one direction based on the measured front and rear edge paths; and a setting unit that sets a facetting area of the lens. The display unit displays the set facetting area in the front and side outline graphics.

Abstract: A substrate polishing apparatus for polishing a polishing surface of a substrate has a film thickness monitoring device for monitoring a state of a film thickness of a thin film on the polishing surface of the substrate during polishing. The apparatus includes a table, a polishing member fixed on a surface of the table, a substrate support member for pressing the substrate onto the polishing member, an optical system composed of an optical fiber for irradiating the polishing surface of the substrate with a light of irradiation and an optical fiber for receiving a reflected light reflected on the polishing surface of the substrate, an analysis-processing system for processing an analysis of the reflected light received with the optical system, and the film-thickness monitoring device. The table is provided with a liquid-feeding opening for feeding a translucent liquid into a through-hole disposed in the polishing member.

Abstract: A method for grinding a number of objects includes a series of steps from arranging the objects to be ground on a grinding jig (a master plate) through removing the ground objects from the grinding jig after completion of the grinding process, smoothly and precisely without damaging a number of the objects to be ground and without altering the arrangement pattern of the objects to be ground from the start through the end of the series of steps.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a cutting tool assembly used for creating grooves in a microreplication tool is described. The cutting tool assembly includes a mounting structure and multiple diamonds mounted in the mounting structure. For example, first and second tool shanks having first and second diamond tips can be positioned in the mounting structure such that a cutting location of a diamond cutting tip of the first tool shank is a defined distance from a cutting location of a diamond cutting tip of the second tool shank. The defined distance may correspond to an integer number of pitch spacings, and may be accurate to within a tolerance of less than approximately 10 microns.

Abstract: The present invention is an apparatus and method for extending the life of abrasive disks used in the conditioning of polishing pads used in chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) of polishing pads used to polish and/or planarize the surfaces of semiconductor wafers during the production of integrated circuits. The invention consists of the a disk comprising a plurality of abrasive segments, each of which is fixed in tangential and radial relationship to one another about the common axis of rotation of the conditioning disk. Means are provided for movement of the abrasive segments, individually or in sets, into or out of the plane of the active abrasive surface of the conditioning disk according to the present invention.

Abstract: A vibration damping device has a rotation element connectable to a drive shaft in a frictional, nonpositive way and provided with at least one chamber filled with a material selected from the group consisting of a pourable material and a fluid material and capable of absorbing vibration energy.

Abstract: A lock formed from a body and a projection that is inserted into the aperture in the spindle to rotatably connect a sanding pad to the housing. The lock may include an arm rotatably mounted to the body that is movable between a first position wherein the arm can be manipulated to rotate the body with respect to the spindle and a second position where the arm is contained within the body.

Abstract: A shaft adapter for removably mounting to the output or drive shaft of a grinding machine is disclosed. The shaft adapter is a three-component device which includes a collar portion, a compressible drive sleeve and an extension member. The extension member has a free-end adapted to matingly engage with a particular grinding cup. When the shaft adapted is mounted on the drive shaft, the compressible drive sleeve is compressed and elastically deformed between the corresponding, engaging ends of the collar portion and extension member so as to create a secure driving force between the rotating drive shaft of the grinding machine and the shaft adapter so that they rotate together as a unit when the grinding machine is in use.

Abstract: An inexpensive one-piece molded apparatus for holding shellfish during the shellfish-opening process that provides reliable and safe shellfish holding capacity along with substantially increased convenience of use in a design with extremely low cost of individual production. The device is steadied onto a flat horizontal or vertical surface by hand or by connectors such as screws. A person places a shellfish into the invention and uses a knife or other similarly shaped sharp object to open the shellfish. The invention comprises a base supporting a shellfish resting area with securing ridges and liquor drainage holes. Embodiments include securing flanges and flushing holes.

Abstract: A guide for providing a controlled cut down a longitudinal length of a spine of a carcass using a backsaw includes first and second guide members, wherein the guide members are preferably interconnected by a lateral bracing member. The guide members are fixedly secured to a blade guide of the backsaw. The guide members include a front surface sloped relative to the front of the blade guide. In use, the guide members contact the carcass on either side of the spine and maintain a blade alignment down the spinal column of the carcass.

Abstract: A hinge structure of an air vent grill includes an air vent grill, installed in an instrument panel, that adjusts the discharge direction of an air stream, a hinge shaft connected to a knob that manipulate the air vent grill and protruded from a side surface of a case of the air vent grill, a case member provided at the side of the instrument panel and formed with a hollow portion that places the hinge shaft therein, and an elastic clip installed in the case member, configured such that it surrounds the hinge shaft disposed in the hollow portion of the case member, and made of an elastic bent piece so as to elastically press the hinge shaft.

Abstract: In one example, an air processing system comprises an inlet portion defining a first inlet to receive internal air from a room and a second inlet to receive air external to the room. An air decontamination portion is downstream of the inlet portion. A first outlet portion to the room is downstream of the air decontamination portion. A HEGA filter is downstream of the first outlet. A first damper is downstream of the air decontamination portion and upstream of the HEGA filter to selectively direct air to the first outlet and the gas absorber. A second damper and a second outlet are downstream of the HEGA filter. The first and second dampers are configured and positionable to selectively seal an upstream side and a downstream side of the gas absorber, respectively, when not in use. Safe rooms including the system are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flow spreading mechanism, in particular a flow spreading mechanism used with refrigerators or air conditioners to enhance spreading of cool or warm air. To achieve the above-mentioned object, this invention comprises at least one inlet (200) through which fluid flow comes in; a flow separator means (110) dividing the flow coming through the at least one inlet (200) into at least two separate flows; and an outlet (300) through which at least two of the at least, two flows having been divided into separate flows by the flow separator means go out after they meet again, thereby forming complex vortices near the outlet, which make the flow going out of the outlet swing. Flow spreading mechanism of the present invention provides a better uniformity of temperature distribution for refrigerators or air conditioners, compared with the simple-ducted outlet of the prior art.

Abstract: An active counter knife assembly for a material chopper assembly or construction that has a rotary chopper element disposed across a material flow path, including a chopper grate assembly, having a grate portion with spaced generally transverse slots therealong, positionable generally parallel to the rotary chopper element of the residue chopper assembly; a rotatable shaft positionable generally beneath and parallel to the grate portion of the chopper grate assembly, with a plurality of fixed or flail-type knife elements attached to such shaft and positioned thereon to be alignably rotatable through the spaced generally transverse slots of the grate portion of the chopper grate assembly; and a drive mechanism for effecting rotational movement of the counter knife assembly, which drive mechanism is preferably controllable to allow an operator to vary the rotational speed and direction of the rotatable shaft so that the rotatable shaft may be selectably either maintained in an essentially fixed or locked condit

Abstract: A gaming terminal for playing a wagering game includes a player-input device, a display, and a progressive display region. The wagering game includes at least one progressive jackpot that is funded by a portion of a wager input received in a player-input device. In response to receiving the wager input the display shows at least one randomly-selected outcome of a plurality of outcomes. The progressive display region includes a dynamic representation of the progressive jackpot, wherein the size of the dynamic representation changes in real-time according to changes occurring in the progressive jackpot.

Abstract: A system for providing access to casino gaming and sports booking is provided which permits a gambler to place wagers using a location based mobile gaming unit. The gambler may access the system through a wireless network. Further, the gambler may be positioned anywhere there is an established local gaming server. A gambler profile may be provided wireless access to the local server along with the games available in the local server jurisdiction based on a global positioning of the mobile gaming unit.

Abstract: A gaming machine comprises a primary gaming display for presenting the outcome of a wagering or bonus game and a video display. In response to a wager, an outcome is generated and displayed in a display area. The video display provides a video image superimposed upon primary game display. The video image may be interactive with the primary game display and include such graphics as payout values, a pay table, pay lines, bonus game features, special effects, thematic scenery, and instructional information.

Abstract: A gaming machine includes an effect display device for displaying either an effect or a first game thereon, a variable display device arranged behind the effect display device, a game controller for executing the first game utilizing the effect display device and a second game utilizing the variable display device and a display controller for controlling light transmittance of the effect display device so that the variable display device is selectively seen and recognized through the effect display device. The display controller alternatively executes the effect and displays the first game when the game controller determines to alternatively conduct the effect and display the first game while simultaneously concealing the variable display device or the display controller alternatively executes the effect and the second game when the game controller determines to alternatively conduct the effect and display the second game while simultaneously prohibiting display of the first game.

Abstract: A control device for controlling a display of a computer system for use with a video game includes a coordinate control unit for providing information related to a vertical and horizontal tilt of the control device, a mouse control unit for inputting conventional mouse input information, a game control unit for inputting game control information and a controller for processing the information provided by the coordinate control unit, mouse control unit and game control unit. The vertical and horizontal point of view of the user in the video game and/or the vertical and horizontal position of a cursor on the display is determined based on the information related to the vertical and horizontal tilt of the control device. The control device is preferably shaped like a firearm to enhance the realism of the video game, but may be shaped like a conventional game pad.

Abstract: In a gaming method, a wager may be received from a player via a value input device of a gaming apparatus, and an image representative of a game may be generated for display on a display unit of the gaming apparatus. Compiled code associated with play of the game may be executed using a processor of the apparatus, and the compiled code may include code to read data from a file stored in a memory of the gaming apparatus, wherein the file is separate from the compiled code. First uncompiled instruction data may be read from the file using the compiled code, the first uncompiled instruction data indicative of a request to create a first software object associated with play of the game. The first software object may be created using the compiled code in response to the uncompiled first instruction data. Second uncompiled instruction data may be from the file using the compiled code, the second uncompiled instruction data indicative of a request to create a second software object associated with play of the game.

Abstract: A sandbox according to the present invention includes a desk having a plurality of legs and defining an open receiving area. The sandbox includes a basin coupled to the desk and extending into the open receiving area, the basin having an area for receiving sand. The basin includes a plurality of sidewalls and at least one sidewall defines a notch. The desk includes a lip extending outwardly from the basin sidewall that defines a notch. The sandbox includes a perforated cover movable between a first configuration covering the lip and a second configuration exposing the lip, the cover defining a plurality of perforations to allow sand to pass through to the lip when at the first configuration. The sandbox includes a drawing board pivotally coupled to the lid and that may be maintained at various angles relative to an imaginary horizontal plane.

Abstract: A golf swing trainer comprising a golf club shaft configured to be held by a user and allows the user to execute a golf swing; and an arm attached to the golf club shaft, the arm being configured to be attached to the user's forearm, wherein when the user swings the golf club shaft, the user's forearm and the golf club shaft substantially fall in a single plane.

Abstract: Golf club, comprising a shaft, which at one end thereof carries a striking head, which on the topside thereof facing the other end of the shaft has a pattern including a first line that extends parallel to a side face of the striking head, which forms a striking surface against a golf ball, two second lines connecting to ends of the first line and diverging at the same angle (?) from the ends of the first line and approaching the stroke surface, the angle (?) being in the range of 5-35.

Abstract: A golf club which includes interconnected segments which can be added to extend the length thus providing an inexpensive alternative to buying new golf clubs. The segments are securely connected to achieve a rigid and sturdy golf club which can grow longer as a child grows taller. The segments preferably have a threaded male/female connection with epoxy applied to the threads followed by the added security of a roll pin inserted into the connection.

Abstract: A pre-molded or moldable shaft grip includes a pre-configured or moldable section disposed within a substantially circular outer grip layer. A pre-configured or moldable section substantially conforms to a player's grip, facilitating consistent finger placement. The pre-configured section may comprise the shaft, a separate section, or multiple sections of varying durometer. The moldable section may include a layer of moldable material, or a cavity disposed between the outer grip layer and the shaft containing a moldable substance. Overall grip durometer can be adjusted by varying the pressure within the cavity.

Abstract: Ball striking devices, such as golf club heads (including putter heads), include devices within and/or otherwise engaged with the ball striking head that allow users to selectively change the sound and/or other aspects of the “feel” associated with using the ball striking device to strike a ball. In this manner, a user, a club fitter, or the like can freely customize and adjust the sound and/or other aspects of the ball striking device's feel to correspond to a particular user's preferences.

Abstract: A golf club head comprises a main body and a crown cover disposed in a crown portion of the head, wherein the main body comprises a crown base made of a metal material and provided with a plurality of openings gradually decreasing in the opening area from the backside to the foreside of the head, and the crown cover is made of a material such as FRP whose specific gravity is lower than the metal material, and disposed on the crown base so as to cover the openings.

Abstract: A golf club head, more specifically a driver head, has a shell structure aft of the face that has ample strength but also can deform in the fore-aft direction for off-center hits sufficiently to provide good spring effect for such hits, comparable to hits at the center. Unwanted scatter caused by off-center hits is reduced with the spring design used in the shell structure. The shell structure can be applied to other hollow wood-type club heads. The shell structure can be provided with a coat or cover to close openings in the shell structure, and selected to make little change in stiffness or mass of the shell.

Abstract: A multi-piece solid golf ball comprises a core having a structure consisting of at least two layers and a cover on the core consisting of outer and inner cover layers. The core has a diameter in the range of 35 to 41 mm. The inner sphere of the core is formed of a rubber material based on polybutadiene and an outer layer is formed of a thermoplastic or rubber based material. The outer cover layer has a Shore D hardness of up to 53 degrees and lower than that of the outer cover layer. The ball's carry is comparable to conventional solid golf balls and spin receptivity is approximate to wound golf balls while the ball is durable and offers pleasant feel.

Abstract: The invention provides a solid golf ball having a solid core and a cover layer that encases the core and has an outermost layer on an outside surface of which are formed a plurality of dimples. The solid core is formed of a rubber composition composed of 100 parts by weight of a base rubber that includes from 60 to 100 parts by weight of a polybutadiene rubber having a cis-1,4 bond content of at least 60% and synthesized using a rare-earth catalyst, from 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of an organosulfur compound, an unsaturated carboxylic acid or a metal salt thereof, an inorganic filler, and an antioxidant. The solid core has a deformation, when compressed under a final load of 130 kgf from an initial load of 10 kgf, of from 2.0 to 4.0 mm, and has a specific hardness distribution. The cover layer has a thickness of from 0.5 to 1.9 mm, and a Shore D hardness at the surface of from 50 to 70.

Abstract: The invention provides a solid golf ball having a solid core and a cover layer that encases the core and has an outermost layer on an outside surface of which are formed a plurality of dimples. The solid core is formed of a rubber composition composed of 100 parts by weight of a base rubber that includes 60 to 100 parts by weight of a polybutadiene rubber having a cis-1,4 bond content of at least 60% and synthesized using a rare-earth catalyst, 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of an organosulfur compound, an unsaturated carboxylic acid or a metal salt thereof, an inorganic filler, and an antioxidant. The solid core has a deformation, when compressed under a final load of 130 kgf from an initial load of 10 kgf, of 2.0 to 4.0 mm, and has a specific hardness distribution. The cover layer is formed primarily of a polyurethane material and has a thickness of 0.5 to 2.5 mm, a Shore D hardness at the surface of 50 to 70 and a flexural rigidity of 50 to 300 MPa.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for determining the length of the shaft of an individually adapted golf club. In accordance with the invention the lengths (11 to 15) of body parts of a golf player, which are decisive for the height position of his hands above the floor in the address position and during the swing, are measured and the length of the shaft is calculated from the measured lengths and predetermined angles (A, B, C, D) between the body parts as well as a pre-determined angle (E) between the arms and the shaft.

Abstract: A baseball bat swing training aid includes a housing configured for storing a plurality of balls therein. A ball positioning mechanism is disposed within the housing and includes an arm selectively extendable out of the housing. A ball holder is disposed on an end of the arm. The baseball bat swing training aid further includes a mechanism for removably yet securely fixing the ball positioning mechanism within the housing.

Abstract: A basketball return net assembly that allows the net to be positioned to return the basketball in a set direction. The assembly may attach to a basketball backboard and can be adjusted to point the net in different directions.

Abstract: An apparatus for training sports skills for games including ice hockey, soccer, tennis and volleyball using one or more opponents or simulated opponents on the playing surface to train a player to strike the game object away from an opponent in addition to practicing striking the game object. A game object machine(s) can be used to project game objects to one side of the playing surface. A controller can be provided to control operation of the simulated opponent(s) and the game object machine(s) to train placement memory and reaction time in addition to muscle memory. For ice hockey and soccer, the controller can receive input from sensor(s) on the game object, player being trained or the goal to locate the game object and/or player to position the simulated opponent(s) to train the player to strike the game object past the simulated opponent into the goal.

Abstract: A non-skid lacrosse ball for gripping a lacrosse head and a netting attached to the lacrosse head is provided. The non-skid lacrosse ball is a spherical ball having one or more non-skid surfaces formed substantially thereacross. In one embodiment, the non-skid surface is a textured surface comprised of relatively small surface structures that are integral parts of the spherical ball. Furthermore, both the non-skid surface and the spherical ball are comprised of an elastomer material.

Abstract: Helical gears, which are provided for a sun gear, planet gears, and an internal gear, have helix angles ? of not less than 25 degrees and not more than 45 degrees. Pawls provided for lock sections and internal gear lock receiving sections of the internal gear have rising angles ?, respectively, that satisfy the relational expression, 0 ?tan ?<(?·di)/{dp·tan(90??)}, wherein ? is the helix angle of the sun gear, ? is the screw efficiency of the sun gear as a sliding screw, dp is the pitch circle diameter of the sun gear, and di is an outer diameter of the internal gear defining a center of application of torque of the pawls.

Abstract: An electro-hydraulic control system for a transmission is provided having first, second, and third selectively engageable torque transmitting mechanisms. The control system includes a main source of fluid pressure and first, second, and third trim valves operable to effect the engagement of respective first, second, and third torque transmitting mechanisms. A latch valve is in fluid communication with the first torque transmitting mechanism and an interlock valve is in selective fluid communication with the latch valve. The first trim valve, latch valve, and interlock valve are in fluid communication with the main source of fluid pressure. The first trim valve operates selectively communicate fluid pressure to the latch valve to effect engagement of the first torque transmitting mechanism, while the interlock valve is operable to selectively communicate fluid pressure to one of the second and third trim valve to effect engagement of the respective second and third torque transmitting mechanisms.

Abstract: An internal teeth oscillating inner gearing planetary gear system is provided with an input shaft, an eccentric gear rotated by the input shaft, the internal oscillating body oscillatingly rotated through the inner circumferential surface of the eccentric gear, and an external gear meshed with the internal oscillating body.

Abstract: A planetary gearset provided with a sun gear, a ring gear, and a carrier that rotatably retains a plurality of pinion gears arranged between the sun gear and the ring gear as elements, in which one of the elements is made a fixed element and one of the other elements is made a rotating element, and which transmits torque between that rotating element and an external member provided in a location eccentric with respect to that rotating member. The planetary gearset is constructed such that the fixed element is movably retained in the direction of a load from the transmission of torque between the rotating element and the external member, and the load from the transmission of torque between the rotating element and the external member is received by a fixed portion that rotatably retains that rotating element.

Abstract: A continuously variable transmission is disclosed for use in rotationally or linearly powered machines and vehicles. The transmission provides a simple manual shifting method for the user. Further, the practical commercialization of traction roller transmissions requires improvements in the reliability, ease of shifting, function and simplicity of the transmission. The present invention includes a continuously variable transmission that may be employed in connection with any type of machine that is in need of a transmission. For example, the transmission may be used in (i) a motorized vehicle such as an automobile, motorcycle, or watercraft, (ii) a non-motorized vehicle such as a bicycle, tricycle, scooter, exercise equipment or (iii) industrial equipment, such as a drill press, power generating equipment, or textile mill.

Abstract: A method for controlling a drive (16) of a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine (10) and an electric motor (24). A main transmission (16) having an output shaft (18) is connected to a driveshaft (19) of the motor vehicle, and an input shaft (14) is connected to the internal combustion engine (10). The electric motor (24) is coupled to the input shaft (14) or the output shaft (16) of the main transmission (16) by an intermediate transmission (22) having at least two transmission ratio steps. In order to accelerate the motor vehicle from rest, the drive is initially effected solely by the electric motor (24) with the intermediate transmission (22) in its lowest transmission ratio step. The drawing is then taken over by the internal combustion engine (10) before a shift operation in the intermediate transmission (22). In this case, the intermediate transmission (22) is preferably a claw shift transmission.

Abstract: When gear ratio is abnormally increased due to failure of a secondary pulley rotation sensor or slip in a V belt, demand torque of an engine is rapidly reduced, and after upper limit regulation of a target secondary pulley pressure is performed for a second predetermined time, control of the target secondary pulley pressure according to an output torque of the engine is performed. Thereby, since an actual torque of the engine does not exceed a belt capacity capable of holding a belt by a secondary pulley pressure which is actually generated, when the secondary pulley rotation sensor fails, no slip occurs in the V belt.

Abstract: Load change impacts in a motor vehicle, especially as a result of abrupt changes in the position of the accelerator pedal, are prevented with the novel method. At least one dual clutch mechanism is provided between the drive engine and the gearbox. The gearbox has several selectable gear steps and the clutch is controlled in relation to the torque that is to be transmitted. The driving comfort is improved by controlling the clutch during the starting process of the motor vehicle and/or the gear steps are engaged during the starting process of the vehicle in such a way that the speed of rotation of the gear input shaft is lower than the idling speed of rotation of the engine.

Abstract: A clutch failure detector is provided for detecting failure of an automatic clutch system. The clutch failure detector can include a current value detector and a determination device. Upon turning ON a main switch, an operation to disengage and engage a clutch can be performed by a clutch actuator, and a totalized value of current supplied to a clutch actuator can be calculated for a specific period of time while the clutch is in the process of engaging in the operation to disengage and engage the clutch. The totalized value can be compared with a preset threshold, and if a difference between the totalized value and the threshold is equal to or greater than a given value, it is determined that an automatic clutch system has a failure.

Abstract: A method for controlling an engine coupled to a transmission is described. A method is described for adjusting an engine operating parameter to maintain transmission input speed at or below a synchronous transmission input speed. The synchronous transmission input speed is based on transmission state and transmission output speed. Alternatively, vehicle speed can be used in place of transmission output speed.

Abstract: A method of releasing a lockup clutch for a fluid coupling assembly disposed between an engine and an automatically shiftable transmission during a negative engine torque mode of operation is provided. The method includes the steps of: A) determining a current engine torque value prior to commanding the engine to ramp to a target engine torque value; B) commanding the engine to a target engine torque value wherein the target engine torque value is one of a zero and near zero value; C) holding the engine at the target engine torque value; and D) releasing or disengaging the lockup clutch when the engine is operating at the target engine torque value. A powertrain is also provided having a controller sufficiently configured to operate according to the method of the present invention.