Abstract: This invention provides a display element that has a simple member construction, can be driven at a low voltage, has high display contrast and white display reflectance, and has reduced unevenness in images. The display element comprises opposed electrodes and an electrolyte containing silver or a compound containing silver in its chemical structure and a porous white scattered material provided between the opposed electrodes. The opposed electrodes are driven and operated so that silver is dissolved and precipitated. The display element is characterized in that the porous white scattered material is formed by coating an intimate water mixture containing titanium oxide, an aqueous polymer for binding the titanium oxide, and a thickening polysaccharide onto at least one of the opposed electrodes, and then drying the coating.

Abstract: Electrochromic arrangement containing an anionic polyelectrolyte that has been neutralized with lithium and can be applied from aqueous solution.

Abstract: An acousto-optic modulator includes an acousto-optic bulk medium and transducer attached to the acousto-optic bulk medium. The transducer includes an electrode circuit and plurality of piezoelectric platelet segments attached to the bulk medium and supporting the electrode circuit. The piezoelectric platelet segments are configured for reducing shear stress and susceptibility to fracture due to temperature extremes.

Abstract: A deformable mirror formed out of two layers of a nanolaminate foil attached to a stiff substrate is introduced. Deformation is provided by an electrostatic force between two of the layers. The internal stiffness of the structure allows for high-spatial-frequency shapes. The nanolaminate foil of the present invention allows for a high-quality mirror surface. The device achieves high precision in the vertical direction by using foils with accurately controlled thicknesses, but does not require high precision in the lateral dimensions, allowing such mirrors to be fabricated using crude lithography techniques. Such techniques allow structures up to about the meter scale to be fabricated.

Abstract: Micromirror devices, especially for use in digital projection are disclosed. Other applications are contemplated as well. The devices employ a superstructure that includes a mirror supported over a hinge set above a substructure. Various improvements to the superstructure over known micromirror devices are provided. The features described are applicable to improve manufacturability, enable further miniaturization of the elements and/or to increase relative light return. Devices can be produced utilizing the various optional features described herein, possibly offering cost savings, lower power consumption, and higher resolution.

Abstract: An electrophoretic device, a driving method thereof, and an electronic apparatus including the same are provided. The electrophoretic device includes a switching element; a latch circuit having an input terminal connected to an output terminal of the switching element; and an electrophoretic element that contains an electrophoretic material between its first and second electrodes, the first electrode being connected to the output terminal of the latch circuit.

Abstract: An element for modu1ating an area is provided. The element for modulating area, in which there is used a functional molecular element adapted to change, by application of electric field, conformation of disc-shape like organic metallic complex molecule to exhibit function so that the structure of the organic metallic complex molecule is changed by application of electric field and the occupation area thereof is thus changed. The area modulating element is adapted to variously change molecular structure in accordance with control of applied electric field to change occupation area of molecule to thereby constitute a functional device such as optical filter and/or optical screen, etc.

Abstract: A single cavity may be used to produce up-converted, quantum-entangled beams relying on the common field of the pumping energy stimulating to up-converting material to produce the quantum entanglement.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fiber laser and harmonic frequency conversion module incorporating a 90 degree Polarization Maintaining (PM) fiber fusion splice therebetween for providing temperature insensitive power stabilization. The present invention has found that incorporating at least one 90 degree splice of the transmission axes of the PM fiber, coupling a fast axis to a slow axis, to create substantially equal optical path lengths of the two transmission axes of the fiber coupling can nearly eliminate output amplitude fluctuation within a practical operating temperature range.

Abstract: A laser light source is disclosed having a laser oscillator producing an output beam; a first amplifier amplifying the output beam to produce a first amplified beam, and a second amplifier amplifying the first amplified beam to produce a second amplified beam. For the source, the first amplifier may have a gain medium characterized by a saturation energy (Es, 1) and a small signal gain (go, 1); and the second amplifier may have a gain medium characterized by a saturation energy (Es, 2) and a small signal gain (go, 2), with (go, 1)>(go, 2) and (Es, 2)>(Es, 1). In another aspect, a laser oscillator of a laser light source may be a cavity dumped laser oscillator, e.g. a mode-locked laser oscillator, q-switched laser oscillator and may further comprising a temporal pulse stretcher.

Abstract: By writing non-linear chirp into fiber Bragg gratings, greater control over dispersion compensation in chirped pulse amplification (CPA) systems is obtained, such that, for example, the dispersion profile of the fiber Bragg grating and a bulk compressor may be matched. An iterative method of writing the fiber grating can reduce the group delay ripple to very low levels; and adaptive control of the fiber grating dispersion profile can further reduce these levels, while in addition offering greater acceptable yield in the manufacture of such gratings. Fiber Bragg gratings may be designed so as to provide customized pulse shapes optimized for various end uses, such as micromachining, for example, and may also be used to counteract gain-narrowing in a downstream amplifier.

Abstract: A design for inspecting specimens, such as photomasks, for unwanted particles and features such as pattern defects is provided. The system provides no central obscuration, an external pupil for aperturing and Fourier filtering, and relatively relaxed manufacturing tolerances, and is suited for both broad-band bright-field and laser dark field imaging and inspection at wavelengths below 365 nm. In many instances, the lenses used may be fashioned or fabricated using a single material. Multiple embodiments of the objective lensing arrangement are disclosed, all including at least one small fold mirror and a Mangin mirror. The system is implemented off axis such that the returning second image is displaced laterally from the first image so that the lateral separation permits optical receipt and manipulation of each image separately.

Abstract: Providing a microscope capable of movably adjusting an observation field of a sample without moving the sample. The microscope includes a first objective lens, a second objective lens, a mirror, an angular adjustment mechanism, and a shift mechanism. The first objective lens is disposed to the sample side. The second objective lens forms an intermediate image of the sample together with the first objective lens. The mirror is disposed with a tilt on an optical path between the first objective lens and the second objective lens. The angular adjustment mechanism rotatably adjust the mirror in the tilt direction. The shift mechanism makes a shift adjustment of the second objective lens in an axial direction of a rotation axis of the mirror. With the configuration, the observation field can be moved two-dimensionally by the angular adjustment mechanism.

Abstract: Microscope comprising microscope optics (25), a camera device (7) for recordal of images, captured by the microscope optics (25), of an object to be observed, and a display apparatus (12) which can be viewed by an observer for displaying the images taken by the camera device (7), wherein at least one area of the display apparatus (12) is constructed as a deflecting device (13) for deflecting light beams emitted by the object which is to be observed into the microscope optics (25).

Abstract: An automatic telescope (10) capable of determining an orientation without requiring input from a user or any external source. The telescope (10) preferably includes a database (22) to store astronomical information, a processor (24) to control a drive mechanism (18), a vision device (30) to sense bright stars, and a motion sensor (32) to generate a motion signal. When the vision device (30) is slewed from alignment with a first bright star to a second bright star, the motion signal is preferably representative of a measured angle between the first and second bright stars. This process is preferably repeated for several bright stars to generate several measured angles. The processor (24) can then use the measured angles to identify the bright stars and determine the orientation of the telescope (10).

Abstract: The present invention enables liquid crystal display devices, note-book personal computers, or the like to display stereoscopic images by installing an image splitting means and comprises a display panel displaying images taken from a plurality of viewpoints, image splitting means installed to the display panel removably and including an image splitting panel which splits image light from the display panel into stereo pairs of images. The image splitting means comprises an installing means for installing the image splitting means to the display panel removably and an adjusting means for positioning spatially the image splitting means and the display panel.

Abstract: A transmission diffraction optical element is presented in which ridges having a roughly rectangular cross-section shape are disposed parallel to each other at a regular pitch at the surface of a substrate. Striped thin-film layers are formed on these ridges and a thin-film layer is inserted between the substrate and the ridges. The thin-film layers are arranged at a regular pitch identical to the regular pitch of the ridges and the thin-film layer does not have a periodic pattern oriented in the same direction as the periodic pattern of the ridges.

Abstract: A filter module, has an excellent high temperature and high humidity resistance. The filter module includes an optical filter assembly including multilayer filters and transparent members that is dropped into a bore formed in a metallic base. An adhesive4 is injected into a space between an inner wall of the bore and side surfaces of the optical filter assembly such that the edges of bonding surfaces of the multilayer filters and the transparent members are completely covered.

Abstract: An entirely passive all-optical device, referred to as an optical hard limiter, includes alternating layers of materials having oppositely signed Kerr coefficients and substantially different linear indices of refraction, wherein the higher linear index material has the negative Kerr coefficient and the lower index material has the positive Kerr coefficient. The optical device has two distinct transmittance curves. Various optical devices and systems can be built from such optical hard limiters.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to optical systems, such as illumination devices or projection objectives of microlithographic projection exposure apparatuses, that include at least one optical element having at least one curved lens surface which carries an interference layer system. The interference layer system includes an alternating sequence of layers. At least one of the layers is subdivided by at least one intermediate layer having a thickness of not more than 5 nanometers. A column structure which is formed in the at least one subdivided layer is interrupted by the at least one intermediate layer.

Abstract: An optical plate includes a main body plate, and a plurality of lens patterns formed on a first surface of the main body plate, wherein the lens patterns are elongated in a first direction and arranged in parallel with each other in a second direction crossing the first direction, wherein a cross section of the lens patterns form a part of an ellipse shape, the ratio of a semi-major axis to a semi-minor axis of the ellipse shape ranging from about 1.65 to about 1.75.

Abstract: A solid state imaging device includes a semiconductor substrate with photodiodes, transfer electrodes on the semiconductor substrate, a light shielding film with openings above the photodiodes and covering the transfer electrodes, and inner lenses located above the openings. Each inner lens has an upper convex lens surface and a lower convex lens surface which projects into the opening. The lower convex lens surface has a light exit surface, at the bottom, which faces the photodiode. Except this light exit surface, the lower convex lens surface is covered with a reflective film. The upper convex lens surface converges the incident light on the inner lens to a diameter smaller than a maximum diameter of the lower convex lens surface. In the lower convex lens surface, the reflective film reflects the light to the light exit surface.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a collimating device is disclosed herein. In one embodiment the method includes a step of constructing a reflective layer. After the reflective layer is constructed, a step of constructing an optical element layer follows, including a step of forming an array of microstructures in the optical element layer. Next, the array of microstructures is abutted against the reflective layer. Heat and pressure are then applied to the optical element layer to puncture the reflective layer and penetrate a predetermined distance through the reflective layer. Sub-assemblies are also defined, wherein optical elements are coupled to prevent light loss.

Abstract: An illumination device to increase or decrease a quantity of light, while maintaining a uniform illumination intensity distribution, an image display device that displays high-quality images with a wide dynamic range, and a projector are provided. The illumination device includes a light source including a lamp and a concave mirror and emitting an illumination light, a variable diaphragm, for example in the form of a shutter having a linear edge and controlling the quantity of the illumination light, and a rotary prism which is an illumination light scanning device to scan the illumination light that passed through the variable diaphragm over an irradiated surface. The axis of the direction in which the illumination light is scanned over the irradiated surface almost coincides with the axis of the direction in which the variable diaphragm controls the illumination light. Here, the control modes in the +x axis direction, ?x axis direction and ±x axis direction are used to match the axis.

Abstract: A dichroic film formed on a prism base member contains 10% by volume or more of a high-thermal-conductivity substance having a thermal conductivity of 20 W/mK or more at a temperature of 300 K. Preferably, the dichroic film is composed of high- and low-refractive-index layers laid alternately on one another, and the low-refractive-index layers contain 20% by volume or more of the high-thermal-conductivity substance. For lower angle-of-incidence dependence and higher light use efficiency, preferably, the following conditions: NL ?1.58 and NH/NL?1.33, where NL represents the refractive index of the low-refractive-index layers, and NH represents the refractive index of the high-refractive-index layers.

Abstract: A singlet telescope is provided for reshaping the laser beam to a larger or smaller diameter while maintaining the inherent quality of the beam. Applications for the singlet telescope include intercavity expansion to accommodate the damage thresh-old of various components, expansion of beams to match the size of different wavelengths for final collimation, and shrinking of beams to provide high irradiance for nonlinear processes such as optical parametric oscillation and frequency doubling, with the above applications usually requiring low power magnification or demagnification. Problems involving the utilization of these telescopes over wide temperature ranges and ghost reflections in which a light is reflected back to a pumping laser are minimized with the singlet construction, with the ghost reflections potentially creating damage of components including self-damage or breakdown of air, as well as damage to a Q-switched resonator which causes pre-lasing.

Abstract: A zoom lens system that has five lens groups with respectively positive, negative, positive, positive, and positive refractive powers in that order from an object side to an image forming side is provided. The third lens group consists, in order from the object side, of a first positive lens, a negative lens, and a second positive lens, the first positive lens and the negative lens composing a cemented lens. The fourth lens group consists, in order from the object side, of a first positive lens, a negative lens, and a second positive lens, the negative lens and the second positive lens composing a cemented lens. In the zoom lens system, zooming (operation) between a wide-angle end and a telephoto end is carried out without moving the first lens group and the fifth lens group, and focusing is carried out by moving the fifth lens group.

Abstract: A disclosed lens module includes a zooming actuator, a cam, an auto-focusing actuator and at least two sets of lenses. The cam is coupled to and driven by the zooming actuator. The cam 104 has at least two tracks. The auto-focusing actuator is coupled to and moved along one of the tracks of the cam. One of the sets of lenses is coupled to and driven by the auto-focusing actuator. Another one of the sets of lenses is coupled to the another track of the cam.

Abstract: A focus adjustment apparatus comprises a moving unit configured to move a focusing lens, a focus adjusting unit configured to move the focusing lens such that the sharpness of an image obtained from an image pickup unit picking up an object image is increased, and an in-focus position measuring unit configured to measure an in-focus position in a different manner from the focus adjusting unit. The focus adjusting unit moves the focusing lens to the in-focus position measured by the in-focus position measuring unit when a direction of movement of the focusing lens in which the image sharpness is increased is matched with the direction of a current position of the focusing lens relative to the in-focus position measured by the in-focus position measuring unit, and does not move the focusing lens to the measured in-focus position when both the directions are not matched with each other.

Abstract: A diaphragm device is provided and includes: a diaphragm mechanism having a diaphragm vane and a diaphragm frame receiving the diaphragm vane; a diaphragm-mechanism cover fixed to a lens barrel to which the diaphragm mechanism is attached, the diaphragm-mechanism cover clamping the diaphragm mechanism with a receiving surface of the lens barrel. The diaphragm mechanism and the diaphragm-mechanism cover are inserted in the lens barrel through a side surface of the lens barrel, and a part of the diaphragm mechanism and a part of the diaphragm-mechanism cover protruding outward relative to the side surface of the lens barrel. The diaphragm device further includes a supporting member in a portion of the diaphragm mechanism protruding outward relative to the side surface of the lens barrel, the supporting member supporting the diaphragm mechanism in a direction of the diaphragm mechanism detachable from the lens barrel.

Abstract: An ultra wide-angle imaging lens device 1 includes, in order from an object side: a negative first lens L1 having a meniscus shape with a convex surface directed to the object side; a negative second lens L2 having a concave surface directed to an image side and having at least one aspheric surface; a positive third lens L3 having a convex surface directed to the object side and having at least one aspheric surface; a stop; and a positive fourth lens L4 having a convex surface directed to the image side and having at least one aspheric surface. The following conditional expression (1) is satisfied: ?3.2<L/f34<3.2??(1) where L denotes a distance on an optical axis from an object side surface of the first lens to an image formation surface, and f34 denotes a composite focal length of the third and fourth lenses L3 and L4.

Abstract: An exemplary wide-angle lens includes, in this order from the object side to the image side thereof, a first lens having negative refraction of power, a second lens having positive refraction of power, a third lens 30 having positive refraction of power, and a fourth lens having negative refraction of power, wherein the wide-angle lens satisfies the formulas: R1>R2>0, R1/R2>4.5, R8<R7<0, and 2<|R8/R7|<2.25, where R1 is the radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the first lens, R2 is the radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the first lens, R7 is the radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the fourth lens, and R8 is the radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the fourth lens.

Abstract: A fixed window for use in an opening in a supporting structure. The window comprises a glazing material, a spigot, an interior trim ring and an exterior trim member. The glazing material is bonded directly to the supporting structure, which provides a window that is less likely to be pushed through the opening in the supporting structure when exposed to harsh environmental conditions and is less likely to leak when compared to framed windows. The exterior trim member is dimensioned to substantially shield the sealant used to bond the various components together from ultraviolet radiation, thus permitting use of stronger, ultraviolet radiation sensitive sealants. The components that comprise the window frame that holds the glazing material are produced from a unitary blank that can accommodate glazing materials of various thickness and can be installed on supporting structures having various thickness.

Abstract: A lens drive device includes a lens movable body provided with a lens and a drive mechanism for moving the lens movable body from a home position in an optical axis direction of the lens. The drive mechanism includes a magnet and a plurality of coils which is disposed so that the magnet is interposed in the optical axis direction of the lens. An electric current is supplied to the plurality of the coils in a reverse direction to a direction of an electric current, which is supplied to the plurality of the coils for moving the lens movable body, for restricting movement from the home position of the lens movable body. Therefore, swinging and rattling are hard to occur in the lens movable body and thus its impact resistance can be enhanced.

Abstract: Methods and structures for detecting touchdown of the read/write head on its recording surface or for detecting other read signal amplitude modulations as proportional to variance of the value of the read channel variable gain amplifier (“VGA”). Variance in the VGA values caused by the standard feedback control electronics associated therewith is proportional to amplitude modulations of the sensed signal picked up by the read channel (or servo read sensor). These amplitude modulations are, in turn, reflective of flying height of the read/write head as well as generally indicative of other parameters of the read channel operation. Touchdown of the read/write head and other parameters of the disk drive operation may therefore be detected as variances in the VGA control values.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide an inexpensive magnetic head tester employing component parts of a production HDD and capable of exercising functions very close to those of a production HDD. In one embodiment, a magnetic head tester employs the VCM actuator and the control circuit of a production HDD and has a lightweight, simple HGA fixing mechanism mounted on an actuator arm. The HGA fixing mechanism fixes an HGA to the actuator arm by a method using a very light holding spring mounted on the arm, a method of mechanically clamping an HGA by using air pressure, or a method of fixing an HGA to the arm by elastically deforming a rubber clamping member by air pressure. Servo control is achieved by the actuator of a production VCM. An end part of the VCM actuator is stopped by a stopping mechanism and is held by a holding spring to prevent the runaway of the VCM actuator. Servo control is performed by balancing the driving force of the VCM and the resilience of the spring.

Abstract: A heat assisted magnetic recording head with a multilayer electromagnetic (EM) radiation emission structure. The multilayer EM radiation emission structure is in optical communication with a light source for heating a recording medium. Particularly, the multilayer EM radiation emission structure includes a conducting layer for receiving the light source and a protective layer formed adjacent the conducting layer to protect the conducting layer from contact with a recording medium. An aperture extends through the conducting layer in the protective layer to allow the light source to pass therethrough to heat the recording medium.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method and apparatus to write and read copy protected data on a disc drive storage system by encoding and decoding data to be copy protected using servo wedge data as the encoding element. In one aspect, the drive is marked by a number generated from the servo wedge data.

Abstract: A disk drive having reduced electromagnetic emission quasi-peaks is provided. The repetition rate of servo blocks or data is reduced, spread or otherwise altered. In one embodiment, the number of data zones is increased to achieve an emissions reduction goal. In one embodiment, the disk drive is configured to effectively have one track per zone. In one embodiment, the rotation rate of the disk is varied or the effective data bit density, as detected by the read/write head, is otherwise varied. In one embodiment, servo-sectors are intentionally positioned to vary the length, along the track, of inter-servo intervals.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention appropriately control the flying height of a magnetic head slider as necessary without making the magnetic head slider touch the magnetic disk. In one embodiment, when a magnetic disk drive is started, the level of electric power predefined for the ordinary temperature (room temperature) is read in from the internal memory of an MPU. A temperature sensor measures the internal temperature of the magnetic disk drive and sends it to the MPU. According to the temperature sent from the temperature sensor, the MPU calculates the level of electric power which should be applied to a flying height adjustment structure. According to the calculated electric power, the MPU increases or decreases the electric power applied to the flying height adjustment structure. At a flying height controlled (corrected) by the flying height adjustment structure, a magnetic head slider performs read/write on a magnetic disk.

Abstract: A disk drive is disclosed comprising a disk having a plurality of tracks, wherein each track comprises a plurality of data sectors and a plurality of servo sectors. The disk drive further comprises a head actuated over the disk, the head comprising a read element radially offset from a write element by a reader/writer offset. In order to rewrite a marginal servo sector detected in a target track, control circuitry within the disk drive relocates user data recorded in a first data sector of a near adjacent track to a staging memory. Servo data is written over the first data sector, and the read element is used to read the servo data written over the first data sector to actuate the head to rewrite the marginal servo sector of the target track. The user data stored in the staging memory is then rewritten to the first data sector.

Abstract: A fly height control system comprises a measurement circuit that receives M pulses that are based on a predetermined pattern stored on a storage medium and that determines a first amplitude and a second amplitude for each of the M pulses, where M is an integer greater than one. The first amplitude is determined at a first time and the second amplitude is determined at a second time that is different than the first time. A calculation circuit determines a distance between a head and a storage medium based on a function of the first amplitudes for the M pulses and the second amplitudes for the M pulses. A head controller controls the head based on the distance determined by the calculation circuit.

Abstract: Stable recording and reproduction of data onto and from a recording medium that requires precise tracking is provided by using a simple head tracking mechanism. In a hard disk drive (200), a piece of sector data to be written or read is pre-associated with a sector number of a sector where the piece of sector data is to be written or read. A seek control unit (260) corrects first-order run-out relative to a revolution axis of a DTM magnetic disk (100) and permits second-and-higher order run-out relative to the revolution axis, and moves a read/write head (122, 124) gradually in one radial direction of the DTM magnetic disk at a shift pitch smaller than the track pitch for each revolution in accordance with the sector numbers of the sectors where pieces of sector data are to be written or read, within a range of tracks containing the sector numbers of the sectors where the pieces of sector data are to be written or read.

Abstract: In an automated library, data cartridges, such as magnetic tape cartridges, are stored in multi-cartridge storage cells or shelves and accessed by data storage drives. An accessor with a deep-reach gripper transports cartridges between storage cells and storage drives. The gripper is capable of extending into the cell to grip and remove a cartridge stored in any position therein. The gripper may include a scissors mechanism, a set of units extendable with lead screws, or another extendable mechanism.

Abstract: A spindle motor for implementation in a low profile hard disk drive is described; that spindle motor having a novel configuration for the torque generating portion. The spindle motor includes a hub coupled with a disk platter; that has a rotational axis about a suitable bearing system. A stator portion of material for conducting magnetic flux from the rotor poles, and having twelve stems and a plurality of windings, is configured to be disposed beneath the disk platter and coupled to the drive base. A rotor portion coupled with the hub having back iron ring with a permanent sixteen pole magnet radially polarized is closely radially disposed to the stator. The number of poles of the rotor portion has a defined proportion relative to the number of stems of the stator portion. The windings provide conductivity for creating an electromagnetic force applicable at the torque radius for rotation of the hub.

Abstract: A magnetic head includes an encasing layer made of a nonmagnetic material and having a groove that opens in the top surface; a nonmagnetic metal layer made of a nonmagnetic metal material, disposed on the top surface of the encasing layer, and having a penetrating opening that is contiguous to the groove; and a pole layer made of a magnetic metal material and encased in the groove of the encasing layer and in the opening of the nonmagnetic metal layer. The pole layer has an end face located in a medium facing surface, the end face having a first portion and a second portion that is located farther from a substrate than the first portion and connected to the first portion. The first portion has a width that decreases as the distance from the substrate decreases. The second portion has a uniform width that defines the track width. In the medium facing surface, the nonmagnetic metal layer exists on both sides of the second portion, the sides being opposed to each other in the direction of track width.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention avoid loss of information as recorded, due to an external magnetic field applied. In one embodiment, a pole expanded part prone to occurrence of magnetic saturation is formed so as to prevent magnetic fluxes from being converged at ends of a return pole of a magnetic head.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording head capable of preventing information erasing without intention at the time of non-recording through making the magnetic domain structure of a pole layer appropriate is provided. A main pole layer is formed so as to include a first pole layer portion having a first width W1 which determines the recording track width of a recording medium and a length L1, a second pole layer portion having a width which gradually expands from the first width W1 to a second width W2 larger than the first width W1 (W2>W1) and a length L2, and a third pole layer portion having a third width W3 larger than the second width W2 (W3>W2) and a length L3. When the ratio W3/(L1+L2+L3) satisfies a relationship of W3/(L1+L2+L3)?1.0, on the basis of the shape magnetic anisotropy of the main pole layer, the magnetic domain structure of the main pole layer is made appropriate so that an unnecessary magnetic flux is not easily leaked at the time of non-recording.

Abstract: The present invention provides for the enhancement of the storage capacity of a data disk drive while reducing optical path optics, electronics and/or the mass and complexity of associated read/write heads. The system utilizes light transmitted by optical elements to servo track a data disk and to heat the data disk during reading and writing of data, and magnetic elements for actual reading and writing.

Abstract: A data storage diskette is disclosed. The diskette includes a housing and a media disk enclosed within the housing. The housing includes a base and a cover mated to the base. In this regard, the base defines an exterior surface that includes a base shutter zone that defines a base window, a drive zone that defines a drive window, and a base rib separating the base shutter zone from the drive zone, where the drive zone is recessed relative to the base rib; and the cover defines a cover window aligned with the base window.