Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to novel biodiesel fuel compositions having enhanced low-temperature properties. The present invention is additionally directed to methods (i.e., processes) for making such enhanced biodiesel fuels by improving the low-temperature properties of ester-based biodiesel fuels via in situ enhancement and/or additive enhancement.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel mutant thioesterase enzymes and naturally-occurring equivalents thereof, compositions made from such enzymes and uses of thioesterase enzymes. In particular, the present invention provides mutant thioesterase enzymes that have altered properties, for example, altered substrate specificity, altered activity, altered selectivity, and/or altered proportional yields in the product mixtures. The present invention also provides polynucleotides encoding such mutant thioesterase enzymes, and vectors and host cells comprising such polynucleotides. The invention further provides for novel uses of thioesterases in the production of various fatty acid derivatives, which are useful as, or as components of, industrial chemicals and fuels.

Abstract: A fuel oil composition comprising a major amount of a fuel oil and a minor amount of a compound being the product of the reaction between (i) a primary or secondary hydrocarbyl-substituted amine or a mixture thereof and (ii) a species containing two or more epoxy groups being: a glycidyl ether (a) or (b), a glycidyl amine (c), a glycidyl ester (d) or a poly-epoxy alkane (e).

Abstract: A method of preparing a composition of alcohol esters of linear monocarboxylic acids with 6 to 26 carbon atoms from a vegetable or animal oil, neutral or acid, virgin or recycled, with monoalcohols having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, in the presence of a catalyst combining at least a solid solution of ZnxAl2O(3+x) type, wherein x ranges between 0 and 1 (end points excluded), and free ZnO present between 7 and 30 mass %, allows to directly obtain, in one or more stages, an ester that can be used as fuel and a pure glycerin.

Abstract: A briquette is comprised essentially of coal particles and solid lignin where the briquette does not include binders other than the lignin. A method of preparing briquettes from coal particles and lignin comprises grinding, drying, mixing, and briquetting. A system of preparing briquettes from coal particles and lignin can either be located proximally to a power plant or delivered by trucks, trains, ships, or air freight to the power plant.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a liquid oxidizer of burner consisting of a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and a dihydrogen monoxide (H2O, water) . Wherein the proportion of the H2O2 is 30˜100% and the proportion of the H2O is 0˜70%. Whereby, the oxidizer is added into the burner and is subjected to decomposition or catalysis by heating or a catalyst so that it could be transformed into heating steam and gaseous oxygen. Accordingly, the oxidizer possessing the high oxidization accelerates the burning speed of blazing wastes within the burner, and the wastes and firing would be efficiently burnt away. Therefore, the burning effect is advanced, and the emission of carbon monoxide, unburnt hydrocarbon (UHC), and pollutants are certainly decreased.

Abstract: An open ocean floating algae farm built around a ship. The ship provides propulsion power for navigation, storage capacity for materials and algae products, machinery for harvesting and processing the algae, housing for crew, and facilities for maintenance of the floating farm. The invention is also comprised of transparent tubes that circulate a broth of seawater saturated with CO2, nutrients, and algae. The circulation path flows from the ship through the tubes and back to the ship where the algae is filtered out to be processed. The fields of transparent tubes circulating the algae broth are supported by a square matrix of pressurized tubes filled with seawater. This matrix is neutrally buoyant and submerged just below the ocean surface. The internal pressure in the tubes causes the matrix to be stiff in the horizontal plane, but flexible in the vertical dimension so as to conform to long ocean waves.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide seeds coated with an antagonistic microorganism, which have high-level disease control effects and high preservation stability. The present invention makes it possible to drastically elevate the survival percentage of an antagonistic microorganism in seeds coated with the antagonistic microorganism by vacuum inoculating seeds with the antagonistic microorganism, drying seeds inoculated with the antagonistic microorganism under low-temperature, low-humidity conditions, or a combination of these methods.

Abstract: A hydroponics plant growing assembly (10) that is comprised of a plant-root expansion structure (12), a moisture retaining upper pad (26), a moisture retaining lower pad (48), a structure and pads sleeve (62) and a structure and pads retaining enclosure (72). The upper and lower pads (26,48) are dimensioned to be placed respectively over and under the structure (12). The sleeve (62) is dimensioned to be placed over the structure and the pads to prevent mineralized water that is poured into the upper pad (26) from spilling over the sides of the upper pad (26) and the structure (12). The enclosure (72) includes a plurality of trays (76) that are each dimensioned to receive and secure the expansion structure (12) with the attached upper and lower pads (26,48).

Abstract: Provided is a vegetation box which enables oxygen to be smoothly supplied for roots of plants so that the plants to grow well even through the side portions of the vegetation box, and a gardening method using a number of vegetation boxes which are arranged to achieve a landscape architecture in a desired form. The vegetation box includes a lowermost module having a baseplate, at least one intermediate module, and an uppermost module. The lowermost module, the at least one intermediate module and the uppermost module are assembled with one another to be maintained at certain intervals to thereby form an inner space containing culture soil, and inclined surfaces are formed toward the lower portion of the inner space along circumferential edges of portions.

Abstract: A method of supporting vegetation in a multilayer vegetation support system on a roof, the method includes disposing a reservoir substrate on the roof. The reservoir substrate also includes a plurality of concave dimples separated by land areas. The method further includes disposing a composite on the reservoir substrate to overlay the plurality of dimples and forms a corresponding number of chambers defined by the reservoir structure and the composite, the composite having a root barrier layer and a multitude of projecting loops, the loops being interconnected at a multitude of locations spaced from the root barrier layer.

Abstract: Planting pots and a multi-compartment tray are provided, the pots and tray having a self-orienting configuration for urging the pots into proper alignment when same are placed within compartments of the tray. The pots include angled recesses disposed radially about the bottom portion of the pots. The compartments of the tray include angled protrusions disposed radially about the bottom portion of the compartment. The angled recesses of the pot engage with the angled protrusions of the compartment when the pot is placed in the compartment to urge the pot into proper alignment. A plurality of slots are included along an upper portion of each pot for allowing optional identification tags to be inserted thereinto. The identification tags, in addition to logos, artwork, or other indicia, if included, are positioned by the self-orienting configuration of the pots and tray to face in a desired direction.

Abstract: The present invention provides a gasifier comprising one or more fluid conduits for converting carbonaceous feedstock into an off-gas and residual solid material. The gasifier comprises a refractory-lined processing chamber having one or more fluid conduits located therein to facilitate the passage of fluid material such as gas into and/or out of the chamber. For example, a conduit facilitates the input of process additives and/or the exit of steam and/or off-gases from the processing chamber. The gasifier comprises one or more input(s) for receiving feedstock, one or more residue outlets, and heating means to facilitate the conversion process and a control system for controlling various aspects of the gasification process. Optionally, the gasifier may be configured for recycling steam and/or off-gas and/or recycled heat back into processing chamber. Optionally, the gasifier may further comprise one or more material displacement control modules, and mixing means.

Abstract: Continuous processing of wet biomass feedstock by catalytic hydrothermal gasification must address catalyst fouling and poisoning. One solution can involve heating the wet biomass with a heating unit to a temperature sufficient for organic constituents in the feedstock to decompose, for precipitates of inorganic wastes to form, for preheating the wet feedstock in preparation for subsequent separation of sulfur contaminants, or combinations thereof. Treatment further includes separating the precipitates out of the wet feedstock, removing sulfur contaminants, or both using a solids separation unit and a sulfur separation unit, respectively. Having removed much of the inorganic wastes and the sulfur that can cause poisoning and fouling, the wet biomass feedstock can be exposed to the heterogeneous catalyst for gasification.

Abstract: A customizable door hanger and peephole can include a main body having a top portion and a lower portion, a peephole and a hook for securing decorations. The peephole can be attached through a door opening and a decorative cover can be configured to attach the main body.

Abstract: A damping assembly is disposed within a housing of a latch assembly to slow rotation of a forkbolt as the forkbolt rotates between an over-travel position and a latched position within the housing. The damping assembly includes a first passage and a second passage that are each configured to allow a fluid to flow therein. A restriction passage fluidly connects the first passage and the second passage and increases the pressure of the fluid within the passages. A check valve is configured to allow unidirectional flow of the fluid through the passages. An engagement mechanism is operatively connected to the passages and is configured to engage the forkbolt as the forkbolt rotates between the over-travel position and the latched position. The fluid within the passages reacts against the engagement mechanism to slow rotation of the forkbolt as the forkbolt rotates between the over-travel position and the latched position.

Abstract: A door chucking system includes a slidable door movable within a door opening and having a distal edge, the door being operable between opened and closed positions. A vertical column is proximate the distal edge of the door when the door is in the closed position. A chucking wedge is disposed on one of the vertical column and the distal edge, the chucking wedge including a retaining slot and a retaining flange. A receiver is disposed on the other of the vertical column and the distal edge, the receiver including a rigid tab, wherein the receiver receives a portion of the chucking wedge therein when the door is in the closed position, and wherein application of a force that is at least partially transverse to the planar extent of the door causes the rigid tab and the retaining slot to engage thereby preventing the door from leaving the closed position.

Abstract: Doors are made to open and close from a center of an opening of an accommodation box in such a manner as a double-leafed hinged door does via an interlocking mechanism (link mechanisms) which converts a sliding movement in a direction which is substantially normal to a plane including an opening into rotational movements of the doors around corresponding rotational axes which are set individually on left- and right-hand sides of the opening, and when they are in an open position where the opening is opened completely, the doors are stored compact to lie along left and right lateral sides of the accommodation box.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a window regulator includes the step of providing a cable, a window connection on the cable, sheaths for protecting the cable, cable direction-changers, a cable winding drum, a drum support plate, and springs. The method further includes the steps of passing the cable between the direction-changers, inside the springs, inside the sheaths, and around the drum. The method further includes the steps of tensioning a first cable run extending through a first sheath between a first direction-changer and the drum, tensioning the first cable run urging the first sheath against the drum support plate, and compressing a first spring between the first sheath and the support plate. The method further includes the steps of locking the drum against rotation, compressing a second spring between a second sheath and the support plate, and locking the second spring. A window regulator can include the above features.

Abstract: A door having a pneumatic sensing edge is operated automatically to open when an object and the edge make contact An optical pressure switch (10) in fluid communication with gas forced from the edge on contact with the object initiates the operation of a door opener The optical pressure switch (10) includes a membrane (16) having a portion that interrupts a light beam (LB) when the membrane (16) flexes due to the increase gas pressure over ambient pressure as gas is forced from the edge

Abstract: A heated sliding window assembly includes at least one fixed window. A rail is attached to the fixed window. A sliding window is moveable along the rail between open and closed positions. The sliding window includes a heater grid and an electrical contact. A conductive member is attached to the at least one fixed window. The conductive member provides electrical coupling between the conductive member and the electrical contact through the entire movement range of the sliding window between the open and closed positions for providing current to the heater grid.

Abstract: A power drive unit system includes a vehicle door, a slide member, a motor, first and second cable guide members, first and second cables, an external spool, a door inner panel and one guide track. The internal spool unit includes an internal spool. The motor operatively communicates with the internal spool. The first cable guide member is associated with a first cable and the external spool. The first cable is attached to the internal spool and the external spool. The second cable guide member is associated with a second cable and the external spool. The second cable is attached to the internal cable spool the external spool, which in turn communicates with an output gear. The motor actuates the internal cable spool to pull the second cable, thereby causing rotation of the external spool and the drive shaft. The rotation of the drive shaft results in rotation of the door relative to the body; after which the door slides open.

Abstract: A rear edge side window catch assembly for a vehicle side window may include a rear edge side window guide and a side window catch bracket. The rear edge side window guide may include an upper end, a lower end and a substantially U-shaped channel formed by an exterior side wall and an interior side wall connected by a back wall. The channel may extend substantially the entire length between the upper end and the lower end. The side window catch bracket may include a connection section and a catch section, wherein the connection section may connect to the rear edge side window guide and the catch section may extend from the rear edge side window guide along the exterior side wall in a direction towards an opening of the channel.

Abstract: A method of forming an abrasive article includes forming a mixture comprising a liquid carrier and a glass precursor material, wherein the glass precursor material comprises a material selected from the group of materials consisting of a hydrated metal compound, an organic silicate compound, or a combination thereof. The method further includes providing abrasive grains within the mixture, forming the mixture into a green ceramic body, and heating the green ceramic body to form a bonded abrasive article comprising the abrasive grains contained within a bond matrix, wherein the bond matrix comprises an amorphous phase formed from the glass precursor material.

Abstract: An abrasive article with improved packing density and mechanical properties and method of making are disclosed. A method of making an abrasive mix with improved processability facilitates improved packing density, resulting in abrasive articles with improved mechanical properties.

Abstract: An automatic storm shutter. A shutter is hingeadly attached to a wall over a structure opening. An actuator is attached to the shutter, and releasably engaged with a support, which is rigidly attached to the wall. When external atmospheric pressure descends, as would happen at the approach of a wind storm such as a tornado, gas pressure within the actuator automatically releases the actuator from the support, which permits the shutter to quickly close as urged by gravity, to cover the structure opening and protect it from storm winds. An alternate embodiment is disclosed wherein one or more additional shutters are installed below the automatic storm shutter. The shutters are mutually attached with an elongate member. When the automatic storm shutter automatically closes, so also do the shutters below.

Abstract: A ring beam element, a ring beam and a method of constructing a ring beam from a plurality of ring beam elements is disclosed. The ring beam can support a shell or wall of a tank. The ring beam element comprises a reinforced concrete body, preferably having a metal base plate anchored therein, and a plurality of tensile conduits extending circumferentially there through. Ideally, the reinforced concrete body will have interlocking surfaces such that the ring beam elements interlock with one another when circumferentially juxtaposed. Tensile members can be placed through the plurality of tensile conduits and tensioned and anchored by anchors to clamp a plurality of juxtaposed ring beam elements together. Ideally, the base plates of a plurality of the ring beam elements can be connected or welded together to form an annular ring of base plates.

Abstract: A shell for an outer LNG containment tank and a method of making the shell from a plurality of precast reinforced concrete shell elements are described. The shell elements having a precast concrete body to which are anchored a radially inwardly facing liner plate and a pair of circumferentially spaced apart side plates which depend radially outwardly from the liner plate. The shell elements can be arranged upon a ring beam with side plates abutting one another. The side plates are welded together to form radially and vertically extending stiffener ribs which are circumferentially spaced around the shell. As these stiffener ribs provide great structural support, the shell can be constructed with minimal or no cast in place structural joints being needed to construct the shell. Ideally, the shell elements have bottom base plates welded to a ring beam or foundation and top end plates that are welded together to form an annular ring thus enhancing the structural strength of the shell.

Abstract: A method for constructing a composite concrete roof on an outer LNG containment tank is disclosed. The roof includes a roof assembly and a plurality of precast reinforced concrete roof elements. The roof assembly is mounted on a tank shell. At least some of the roof elements including a concrete body and embedded metal plates adapted to be welded to the roof assembly. The roof elements are welded to the roof assembly to provide additional strength and stiffness to the roof assembly. Preferably, no or minimal cast in place concrete structural joints are needed to join the roof elements to the roof assembly and or top of the shell. Ideally, the roof assembly includes a membrane and mounting beams connected to the membrane. The embedded plates of the roof assemblies are welded to the mounting beams on the roof assembly. The method may further include mounting or welding the roof elements to the roof assembly while workers access the interior of the shell to perform work therein.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a permanent plastic formwork system formed by two parallel surfaces, namely an outer surface and an inner surface, comprising a plurality of flat or longitudinally curved, hollow plastic slats obtained by means of extrusion, provided internally with a rebar mesh providing them with rigidity and joined longitudinally by means of tongued-and-grooved ends with separators existing between the two surfaces. The separators are provided with a threaded area and an inclined appendage for securing the rebar mesh located between the surfaces. The slats are secured to the ground using U-shaped parts containing a threaded rod that can be used to clamp and fix the same. In addition, in closed structures, reinforced internal elements can be incorporated diametrically, such as metal bars with flat surfaces at their ends enabling the same to be secured to the above-mentioned inner surface.

Abstract: A soffit system is disclosed and has elongate first and second soffit components. Each soffit component includes a support flange and a sidewall integrally connected to one another along a lengthwise joint. A connector is carried on each of the sidewalls. A connector leg is carried on each of the sidewalls that is spaced from and parallel to the second joint. The connector and the connector leg extend in a lengthwise direction. Each sidewall is oriented at a non-parallel angle relative to each support flange, respectively. The first connector and the second connector are pushed toward one another to selectively join the first and second soffit components, and are pulled apart to separate the first and second soffit components.

Abstract: A raised floor pedestal including a base configured to sit on a floor; and a post extending up from the base. The post includes a metal member having a general tube shape. A top of the post forms a support surface configured to support a portion of a raised floor system thereon. A side of the post includes an integrally formed ground conductor connector piece extending therefrom. The ground conductor connector piece is configured to have an electrical ground conductor connected directly thereto.

Abstract: Once installed, consumers will be able to utilize the same space to replace old, broken, or rotted posts without having to dig them up or pull them out. This product can be used to protect any 4×4 post from rot and pest destruction that is anchored in the ground. This product also accommodates two common styles of fence posts: Wood “4×4” and multiple sizes of galvanized pipe.

Abstract: A waveguide for a radio frequency door like that used in a medical imaging room allows intravenous lines and electrical conduits to be inserted through the door frame without being disconnected from the patient. The waveguide includes a door frame section, and a removable, telescoping or pivoting movable member that cooperates with the door frame section to retain the conduits. The movable member is positioned away from the door frame section during insertion and removal of the conduits from the door frame section, and is positioned adjacent the door frame section when the conduits are being retained. The dimensions and materials of the waveguide are selected to achieve attenuation of electromagnetic interference.

Abstract: Lifting systems and processes for building systems, including fenestration devices such as door and window units. One such system includes a fenestration device having a nailing fin and a lift handle attached to the nailing fin. The handle includes a channel disposed proximate a flange of the lift handle.

Abstract: Supporting frame for an electrically active panel comprising a peripheral structure (1) for receiving an electrically active panel (20), the peripheral structure (1) of which comprises an internal electrical connection means (14) for connection to an electrically active panel (20) carried by the frame, at least one first external electrical connection means (16) for connection to a first means external to the frame, and electrical linking means (18) for electrically linking at least the internal electrical connection means (14) to at least the first external electrical connection means (16), the electrical linking means (18) extending along the peripheral structure so as to be concealed by the peripheral structure, the peripheral structure comprising a hollow portion (25) in which the electrical linking means (18) are received.

Abstract: The present invention includes a baluster assembly system comprising: (a) a first baluster portion comprising a first tubular section and having a first attachment adapted to be attached to a surface, and a first engagement end; (b) a second baluster portion comprising a second tubular section and having a second attachment adapted to be attached to a surface, and a second engagement end; the first tubular section adapted to slidingly engage the second tubular section, and (c) a locking fixture adapted to fix the position of the first baluster portion with respect to the second baluster portion after the first tubular section and the second tubular section have been engaged.

Abstract: A window assembly that includes a window frame is described. The window frame includes, in an exemplary embodiment, a plurality of frame members joined together at joints to form the frame, and a plurality of sealant blocks, with one sealant block positioned at each of the joints. Each sealant block includes an inner surface, an outer surface, an upper surface and a lower surface. The sealant block also includes a set-back ledge in the inner surface extending the length of the sealant block adjacent one of the upper surface or the lower surface. The set-back ledge is defined by a recessed portion of the inner surface and a recessed portion of the upper surface or a recessed portion of the lower surface. The sealant block further includes a plurality of filler holes extending through the sealant block from the outer surface to the recessed portion of the inner surface.

Abstract: A muntin clip has a bar support adapted to be connected to a muntin bar end and a base member adapted to be connected to a spacer frame. The bar support has a plurality of flexible support members attached thereto, which are adapted to contact the opposed interior walls of the muntin bar end and deform in response to such contact. The base member has two flexible members forming a flexible latching structure which is adapted to deform when inserted into the spacer frame. The muntin clip to be used with muntin bars and spacer frames having a range of different dimensions and configurations.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for constructing pre-insulated structural panels is disclosed that has a tongue and groove assembly arrangement. Each panel may include one or more c-channels or profiles embedded in expandable polystyrene (EPS) foam to provide structural integrity to the panels, and resulting wall. The panels may be covered with siding, stucco, or similar materials. A chase may be formed horizontally in the panels to provide a wiring conduit through the panel. The panel may also provide when assembled, a vertical chase formed between the mated panels along the length of the panel for wiring. Acoustical properties may be formed in the surface of the EPS portions to provided added acoustical damping measures.

Abstract: A precast reinforced concrete base mat element, a base mat assembly and method for constructing a base mat assembly from a plurality of the base mat elements are described. The base mat element comprises a concrete body having first and second conduits extending there through in first and second generally perpendicular directions and a liner plate anchored in the concrete body. Preferably the concrete bodies have interlocking surfaces formed there on. A plurality of the base mat elements may be juxtaposed together with the interlocking surfaces interlocking with one another and with the tensile members extending through the first and second tensile conduits and being post-tensioned and anchored about the base mat elements to clamp the base mat elements together. The liner plates may then be welded together to form a a generally planar membrane.

Abstract: Structural members, building structures, and methods for making them, are provided that are less prone to develop squeaks. The methods include, in one aspect, placing at least one panel on the flange surfaces of joists with an activatable adhesive provided between the panel and the flange surfaces to bond the flange surfaces to the panels in an effective long lasting manner. In another aspect, adhesive is introduced into a groove array in a joist flange surface to attach a panel pre-positioned on the grooved flange surface. Building frame structures, such as subflooring assemblies, made by the methods are also provided.

Abstract: For use in constructing a log structure, a log and a kit of logs, and a method of manufacturing the same. In one embodiment, the log includes: (1) a body having a first end and a second end, (2) an integral tongue projecting from the first end and (3) a groove located in the second end.

Abstract: In a holding device (1) by means of which one or more panes of glass (2) forming a balustrade (3) is/are supported on a wall (4) or ceiling (5), consisting of a carrier rail (7) holding or supporting the panes of glass (2) and of a holding plate (9) attached to the ceiling (4) or the wall (5), with the carrier rail (7) held in a horizontal direction on the holding plate (9) by means of a U-shaped hook-in pocket (25) projecting from the carrier rail (7), the manufacturing costs for the holding device (1) are to be minimised and the installation complexity for attaching the holding device (1) should be kept as low as possible.

Abstract: Described is a façade structure, having a sub-structure that is formed from vertical and/or horizontal profiled supports, is located in front of a building wall or is anchored in a fixed manner in the ground or in the building wall. Façade panels made of ceramic material are secured to the sub-structure via panel holders (13). For securing the panel holder (13) to the sub-structure, the sub-structure has a vertical flange (14), in which a vertical row of holes (16) is realized by a plurality of elongated holes (14l) located one above another, wherein the elongated holes (14l) each extend at an acute angle to the horizontal and are located parallel to one another, and the row of holes (16) is located between two parallel extending guide ribs (14f), which protrude forward from the vertical flange (14f).

Abstract: The invention relates to a venting band with at least two side strips extending parallel to one another and a center strip. Parallel to the side strips extend venting bands formed by continuously connected walls or webs. The venting bands can therein have diverse forms. At least one venting channel is provided; however, it is also possible to provide several venting channels. Through the use of certain materials with restoring forces for the venting band, the at least one venting channel can open automatically during the rolling out of the venting band. However, it is also possible, to bring about an opening of the at least one venting channel by pulling on the side strips.

Abstract: A composite house wrap is provided with a high insulation value and including three integral sections or layers. The first or front layer is a reinforcing grid or mesh that functions as a drainage plane and will face the outside cladding. The second or middle layer is a breathable, barrier film, such as a polyethylene (PE) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), is bonded to the first layer, such as through thermal bonding. The third or rear layer is a perforated foam layer, such as an expanded low density polyethylene foam that is bonded to the middle layer, such as through an adhesive.

Abstract: The process for realizing high-resistance slabs or tiles, destined for covering internal or external floors or walls comprises following stages: arranging a slab or tile exhibiting an in-view surface; arranging at least a slim support slab or support plate having a characteristic of possessing a thermal expansion coefficient which is greater than a thermal expansion coefficient of the slab or tile, the slim support slab or support plate exhibiting good properties of tenacity and resistance to easy breakage thereof; gluing under heating the slab or tile onto the slim support slab or support plate, or vice versa, using a suitable glue for adhering to surfaces thereof to be glued; leaving an assembly thus obtained to cool down to an ambient temperature such that owing to a different thermal expansion coefficient (contraction), the slim support slab or support plate induces on the slab or tile, to which it is solidly glued, a state of compression starting from a lower surface thereof which is opposite the in-view

Abstract: A modular louvered shutter includes first and second stiles and a center section assembled using a tongue and groove joint. The center section is a solid piece have a plurality of rails and louvers cut into the center section.

Abstract: A clip for attaching the end of a grid tee to a wall angle. The clip, in various forms, is arranged to frictionally lock between the hem of the horizontal leg of the wall angle and the vertical leg. The clip, typically, has a pair of opposed open hems forming channels in which the flange of the tee end is received to join the tee to the clip. The clip can be elongated horizontally to accommodate movement of the grid during seismic activity. The clip can be used to trim the edges of a ceiling island and can be made to accommodate angular intersections of the grid with a wall or island edge.