Abstract: The invention relates to a device for overpacking a least one object using at least one blank of an appropriate material such as carton in order to form a batch. The device of the invention includes at least one carousel including at least one receptacle, and at least three work stations distributed about said carousel, said three stations including a work station with distribution means for distributing at least one blank of material to the at least one receptacle, a work station with loading means for loading said at least one object into said receptacle, and a work station with unloading means for unloading at least one assembled batch, wherein means for folding and/or closing the blank in order to form the overpacking are also provided.

Abstract: A device for processing flat objects (40) delivered successively in a delivery direction, in particular print shop products, and/to a continuously advanced material web (42). The device, which is to be used particularly for welding a material web, includes at least one rigid body (90) that can be pivoted about an axis of rotation (D) and at least one tool (10) having a processing-effective zone (12), the tool being attached to the body (90) and movable along an orbit (U) by rotating the body (90). The tool is attached to the body (90) pivotally or rotatably about a pivot axis (S). The pivot position of the tool can be adjusted as a function of the rotational position of the rigid body by means of a stationary control gate and a control element interacting with the control gate and connected to the tool.

Abstract: In a machine (1) for manufacturing pouches (2) filled with portions (36) of a tobacco mixture, comprising a rotating drum (8) on which a continuous stream (5) of the mixture is formed and conveyed to a station (13) where the portions (36) are divided from the stream, and where the portions (36) are transferred by a pneumatic ejection and feed system (21) to a wrapping station (7), moisturizing substances are added to the mixture by a dispensing system (22) associated with the ejection and feed system (21) .

Abstract: A split crimper for use in a crimping assembly for engaging and heat sealing overlapping layers of a packaging material includes a first crimper portion having a crimping surface and a second crimper portion that is secured to the first crimper portion to form a crimper. Portions of the first and second crimper portions cooperate to define an interior cavity, and a heating element is disposed completely within the interior cavity.

Abstract: The present invention is comprised of an elongate piece of first material having flexible qualities with a flexible strip of second, more rigid, and bendable material enclosed within the first material. The apparatus may be twist-tied around equipment for relatively easy transport.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and a method for producing containers, such as e.g. bottles, in which different types of bottles are produced. Alternative treatment methods are used depending on the type of bottle to be produced. For example, a cooling treatment is carried out when producing bottles for carbonated beverages and a sterilisation treatment is carried out when producing bottles for non-carbonated beverages.

Abstract: A method of forming and filling containers (2) wherein a first step consists in forming a tubular body (3) of which a first end is joined to a rigid element (6) with an opening (7) capable by means of a relative closure element (8), and a second end or bottom (12) is sealed by a weld line (13) extending transversely to the axis (A) of the tubular body (3) and presents two flaps (15) extending from the lateral surface (4) of the tubular body (3), and a second step consists in flattening and sealing the flaps (15) against the bottom (12); the method also includes a step of injecting a sterilizing liquid into each container (2), effected between the first step and the second step, and a step of filling the container (2) subsequent to the sterilizing step.

Abstract: A method for packaging a fluid product dispenser, where the said dispenser includes a reservoir (1) of constant effective volume filled with a fluid product (10), and a dispensing device (3) that includes a dip tube (2) which is intended to extract the fluid product (10) contained in the reservoir on operation of the dispensing device (3), the reservoir (1) and the dip tube (2) being made from a material or materials that are substantially or perfectly transparent, where the said dip tube initially contains air (A), and the dip tube (2) is connected to the dispensing device and has one free end extending to the bottom of the reservoir, the method being characterised in that the air (A) is extracted from the dip tube (2) and is replaced by the fluid product.

Abstract: A method of packaging and curing manufactured stone can include packaging a plurality of partially cured de-molded manufactured stones in a curing container having airflow apertures therein. The loaded container is then loaded into a drying oven for further curing for a suitable period. After curing in the oven, the curing container is removed and may be shipped to a customer without unpacking and repacking the manufactured stones.

Abstract: A method and package for shipping and curing manufactured masonry panels utilizes a package including sets of spaced slotted rails securing groups of masonry panels there between. In use, multiple sets of masonry panels are retained between first and second sets of slotted rails, with pairs of the masonry panels being retained back-to-back, with air flow channels being established between both main body portions and manufactured facial portions of the masonry panels, allowing for further curing of the masonry panels. The masonry panels can be stacked between sets of slotted rails until the desired package size is obtained. Optionally, one or more braces may be attached to the package.

Abstract: Stackable containers that, in various embodiments, are adapted to be vertically and/or horizontally interlocked with other, like, containers to, for example, increase the stability of stacks of the containers. In one embodiment, a stackable container comprises: (A) a top surface comprising a shoulder portion that extends upwardly from the top surface and that is substantially disposed within a perimeter defined by the top surface; (B) a bottom surface defining a stacking recess; (C) a plurality of substantially vertical side surfaces that extend between the top surface and the bottom surface. In various embodiments, a recessed portion of the bottom surface adjacent the stacking recess is adapted to substantially mate with at least a portion of a shoulder portion of a like container.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for packaging an article using a packaging material of gas-bag type for packaging easily deformable parts or devices of office equipment or OA equipment having various sizes and shapes such as containers containing toner, containers containing developing agent, photoconductors, process cartridges, and complex units of a developer and a toner collector. The packaging material of gas-bag type comprises tube-like bodies and connecting portions, wherein the tube-like bodies are able to swell by being injected inner gas, the connecting portions connect the tube-like bodies in parallel, the tube-like bodies are bendable so as to wrap an article to be packaged, and the packaging material is formed from substantially flat two sheets of one front sheet and one back sheet in a condition that the inner gas is substantially evacuated from the tube-like bodies.

Abstract: A system for manufacturing a plastic container, including a thin-walled container, includes an actuator and a base unit. The actuator may include a body portion and a holding/securing member configured to hold or secure a portion of a container. The base unit includes a heating surface and may optionally include an insert. In an embodiment, the actuator may be configured to apply a force or pressure on a container to contact the base unit, the base unit may be configured to receive a base portion of the container, and the heating surface may be configured to convey energy or heat to a portion of the base portion of said container. Embodiments of a method for providing a plastic container are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for filling containers of a collapsible type, including providing a web which includes the containers in an interconnected state, feeding the web for transporting the containers in a first direction, removing, during transport in the first direction, an end seal provided on each container for opening a filling duct, disengaging, during transport in the first direction, the containers from one another, and subsequently transporting the containers in a second direction transverse to first direction and filling, during the transport in the second direction, each container with a liquid product. The disclosure further relates to a device for filling containers of a collapsible type.

Abstract: The present invention has an object to provide a technology capable of reducing consumption current of a bag making and packaging machine making a bag and packaging a product with the bag. In order to accomplish the object, the bag making and packaging machine is provided with a seal jaw sealing a film to be packaging material, a heater part (201F) heating the seal jaw, and a heater driving part (260) driving the heater part (201F). Further, the bag making and packaging machine is provided with a motor driving part (270) to be a regenerative current supplying part supplying regenerative current generated in a motor to the heater part (201F).

Abstract: A rotary packaging machine (10) that receives tubular bag material and moves the tubular bag material in a direction (11). Product is delivered to the interior of the tubular bag material with the bag material then being sealed and cut to form bags of the product. The machine (10) has a jaw carriage (14) that is reciprocated while the jaws (29) are rotated.

Abstract: A packaging assembly, comprising a movement element arranged along a predefined path for an element to be packaged by a film made of polymeric material that arrives from a feeder. The packaging assembly comprises a station for folding the film onto the element, downstream of which there is a unit for heat-sealing the folded flaps of the film; the heat-sealing unit comprises at least one pair of heat-sealing elements, which are arranged on opposite sides with respect to he predefined path and are functionally associated with respective actuation and control assemblies. The heat-sealing elements act, during the heat-sealing step, each along at least two mutually independent directions, performing heat-sealing on the elements to be packaged even in motion.

Abstract: An air cleaner including a front housing, a rear housing, and a filter. The filter includes a plurality of parallel folds and partitions a pre-filtering chamber and a post-filtering chamber. The air cleaner circulates air, which enters the pre-filtering chamber through an inlet port, to the post-filtering chamber to filter the air. The pre-filtering chamber includes a diffusion zone located outward from an end of the filter in a folding direction of the filter. The inlet port extends in a direction orthogonal to the folding direction of the filter along a plane parallel to the filtering surface of the filter and opens in the diffusion zone.

Abstract: A vacuum cleaner includes a body having a nozzle assembly with a suction inlet and a control assembly including a control stalk. A dirt collection vessel is carried on the body. The dirt collection vessel includes a toroidal cyclone. The toroidal cyclone has an inlet port, a clean air outlet port and a particle outlet provided in a wall of the toroidal cyclone between the inlet and outlet port. A cork screw baffle is received in the toroidal cyclone. The cork screw baffle defines a spiraling air path through the toroidal cyclone. A suction generator, carried on the body, draws the air stream through the dirt collection vessel.

Abstract: An effluent collection and filter apparatus with drainage designed to collect effluent discharged from a cooking exhaust system, separate water from grease and allow only water to escape. The ECFAD is attached at a point below the lowest area where effluent needs to be collected. The apparatus is secured to either the exhaust duct or roof. In the apparatus is an absorbent padding designed to absorb grease and repel water. Below the absorbent is a grate that allows water to flow under the padding. In the corners are water only release fittings to let water out and keep grease in.

Abstract: An impact moisture separator for removing entrained liquids from a gas stream includes a plurality of outer vanes, each of the outer vanes oriented in a first direction; and a plurality of inner vanes, each of the inner vanes oriented in a second direction tilted away from the first direction by a specified angle.

Abstract: A filter arrangement for filtering a fluid or gaseous medium, in particular in a motor vehicle, comprising a housing (1) which holds a filter element (3) in a receiving space (2), wherein the filter element (3) has an edge region (4) which bears at least in regions against the inner wall (5) of the housing (1), is characterized, with regard to the problem of creating a filter arrangement which is of structurally simple design and has a high filter efficiency, in that the housing (1) is shaped such that the receiving space (2) tapers at least in regions in at least one spatial direction.

Abstract: A turf device driven by a traction drum. The traction unit is connected to the tool by an articulable joint which allows the traction unit to rotate horizontally (yaw) and vertically (pitch), as well as roll side-to-side in relation to the tool. The articulation allows the tool and the traction unit to follow undulations in the terrain separately and allows the mobile object to turn by yawing the traction member in relation to the tool.

Abstract: A hybrid utility vehicle includes a tool-supporting frame and an electrical power source driven by an engine. Right and left rear wheels independently driven by permanent magnet electric motors and front wheels electrically steerable over a range of approximately 180 degrees operate under the control of a vehicle controller responsive to steering and speed input controls to provide zero turn radius operation with minimum slippage and tire scuffing. Space efficiency provided by the electric steering and an electrically driven tool deck facilitate a variety of tool mounting configurations including a rear discharge deck with a chute passing under the vehicle frame between the driven wheels. An inverter connected to the electrical power source provides 110/220 volt output. The power source also functions as a high powered, high rpm, low noise starter motor.

Abstract: In a walk behind lawnmower 1 for mowing lawns that bifurcates a power from an engine 5 and transmits it to drum-type wheels 7L, 7R and a reel cutter 12, each of the first power transmission passage 35 for transmitting the power from the engine 5 to the drum-type wheels 7L, 7R and the second power transmission passage 36 for transmitting the power from the engine 5 to the reel cutter 12 has a gear variable speed mechanism 30 and an interchange mechanism 134 as speed changing structures for changing a rotating speed of each of drum shafts 16L, 16R as driving shafts.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a finish for synthetic filament yarn processed in friction false-twist texturing, which decreases broken filaments and ends down in false-twist texturing with a synthetic filament yarn applied with the finish, finish-application emulsion of the finish, synthetic filament yarn applied with the emulsion, manufacturing process of the synthetic filament yarn, and resultant yarns. The finish for synthetic filament yarn processed in friction false-twist texturing of the present invention comprises 40 to 98 wt % of a polyether compound, and essentially comprises components (A) and (B); wherein the component (A) is at least one member selected from the group consisting of (A1) a C1-C10 fatty acid, (A2) a C1-C10 hydroxyfatty acid, (A3) a sarcosine derivative, and salts thereof, and the amount of the component (A) in the finish ranges from 0.05 to 5 wt %; and wherein the component (B) is an alkylphosphate salt and the amount of the component (B) in the finish ranges from 0.

Abstract: Method for operating a two-for-one twisting or cabling machine (1) with multiple workstations (2), each equipped with at least two feed bobbins (6, 13), one feed bobbin (6) being creeled on a spindle (3) of the workstation (2) and at least one further feed bobbin (13) being creeled on a creeling device (12) associated with the workstation (2). The yarns (7, 15) of the feed bobbins (6, 13) are guided together in a balloon yarn guide (5) and cabled, and the cabled yarn is wound to form a take-up bobbin (16). The feed bobbin (6) creeled on the spindle (3) has half the weight of the take-up bobbin (16) to be produced and the dimensions of the spindle (3) are adapted to the diameter of the reduced feed bobbin (6).

Abstract: An exhaust mixer for an engine is provided having multiple flow tubes arranged in an annular array. A cooling space is formed to allow the passage of cooling air between the flow tubes and within the annular array. In one form the exhaust mixer can be constructed from multiple, individual exhaust flow tubes. The flow tubes can be constructed to engage neighboring flow tubes to create the annular array of exhaust flow tubes. The flow tubes can be interchangeable with other flow tubes.

Abstract: A gas turbo set including a first turbine, a second turbine, and a combustion chamber connected between the first and second turbines and operated by auto-ignition is provided. The turbines and the combustion chamber are located on a common shaft that may be rotated about an axis. To increase the efficiency of the gas turbo set, the outer periphery of the second turbine is at a greater distance from the axis than that of the first turbine, leading to a reduction in the size and/or the number of turbine blades.

Abstract: An impingement shield assembly for a turbine includes a first impingement shield portion and a second impingement shield joined to the first impingement shield portion. The assembly also includes a first connection portion formed on the first impingement shield portion, a second connection portion formed on the first impingement shield portion and first and second wedge weld portions that mate with and hold the first and a second connection portions in a fixed relationship to one another.

Abstract: A deicing and anti-icing system for an aircraft engine pod, including an air intake provided with a lip followed by an air intake tubular part, equipped with a first sound attenuating panel, including deicing means having at least one array of resistive heating elements embedded in an insulating material, the deicing means being in the form of a mat incorporating the resistive element in the thickness of the air intake lip.

Abstract: A compact, combined cycle gas and steam turbine engine for lower temperature,lower RPM's, and higher torque than a standard gas turbine, while maintaining the lower turbine weight ratio over internal combustion engines. This turbine has a cylindrical combustion chamber, containing a tube boiler spiraled around the inside, in a manner to create a vortex type combustion gas flow, which drives the primary turbine blades. The steam created in this boiler tube jetted against the secondary turbine blades adds torque. The hot combustion gasses are compressed, and passed into the steam stream to reheat and reexpand the steam, which also lowers the exhaust temperature. Unlike most turbine cylinders which turn the inside cylinder this is the only one which turns the outward cintrifical pressured cylinder, which means greater efficiency. The circular exhaust has air induction to increase power and help cool a normally hot exhaust.

Abstract: The power production process with a gas turbine where as primary power source solid fossil fuels, alternative fuels and wastes at their combustion with air or oxygen can be utilized. The operating medium is the steam-gas mixture of gas supplied by a compressor (22) and of steam of the cooling medium of the cooled combustion chamber (1), whereas the injected medium is injected into the gas forwarded by means of the compressor (22) before the compressor (22) or before the heater (7) of the steam-gas mixture or at least between some parts of the heater (7). The gas turbine (28) can be utilized in connection with a regeneration exchanger or with the installation of the Rankine-Clausius steam cycle utilizing the waste heat of flue gas from the gas turbine (28).

Abstract: At least one electrode assembly is configured to enable like charged ions to convert potential energy of the like charged ions into kinetic energy based on the Coulomb forces therebetween via linear alignment thereof, or enable a first portion of like charged ions to convert potential energy of the first portion of like charged ions to kinetic energy based on interaction with the Coulomb forces of a second portion of like charged ions, or enable a first portion of like charged ions to convert potential energy of a second portion of like charged ions to kinetic energy based on similar interaction. Various electrode assemblies are described and corresponding methods of converting potential energy of like charged ions to kinetic energy. The like charged ions are configured to form a passive electric field voltage source that may have one or more electric field monopoles to enable motion of a mobile assembly.

Abstract: A bleed structure for a bleed passage in a gas turbine engine includes a first wall portion defining a first side of an opening for the passage, and a second wall portion defining a second side, opposite the first side of the opening. The first and second wall portions end at different positions in an extension direction of the opening.

Abstract: An exhaust treatment system for use with a power system is disclosed. The exhaust treatment system may have an SCR device (32), and an oxidation device (26) located upstream of the SCR device (32) to convert NO to NO2. The exhaust treatment system may also have an exhaust passageway (14) extending from an exhaust source (10) to the oxidation device (26), and a bypass passageway (24) extending from the exhaust passageway at a location upstream of the oxidation device to the exhaust passageway at a location downstream of the oxidation device (26). The exhaust treatment system may further have a valve element (20) configured to selectively direct exhaust from the exhaust source (10) through the oxidation device (26) and through the bypass passageway (24), at least one sensor configured to sense operating parameters of the exhaust source (10), and a controller (36) in communication with the valve element (20).

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying system includes: a NOx trapping agent (2) which adsorbs nitrogen oxide when an excess air ratio of exhaust gas is more than 1, and releases nitrogen oxide when the excess air ratio is 1 or less; a NOx purifying catalyst (13) which reduces nitrogen oxide to nitrogen; and an oxygen concentration controller which controls oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas. When the excess air ratio of the exhaust gas is more than 1, nitrogen oxide is adsorbed to the NOx trapping agent (2). When the excess air ratio of the exhaust gas is 1 or less, the oxygen concentration controller controls the oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas at an inlet of the NOx purifying catalyst between 0.8 and 1.5% by volume, so that the NOx purifying catalyst reduces nitrogen oxide released from the NOx trapping agent.

Abstract: A present exhaust purifying apparatus comprises a SCR catalyst, a urea-water injector, and a downstream air-fuel ratio sensor (an oxygen concentration sensor having a diffusion resistance layer) disposed at a position downstream of the SCR catalyst. The present apparatus, when a predetermined condition is satisfied, stops injecting the urea-water from the urea-water injector, and obtains an output value of the downstream air-fuel ratio sensor, as a first output value, in that state. The present apparatus obtains an output value of the downstream air-fuel ratio sensor when the urea-water is being injected from the urea-water injector, as a second output value. The present apparatus obtains a concentration of ammonia which flows out from the SCR catalyst based on the difference between the first output value and the second output value.

Abstract: An oxygen sensor for a motor vehicle having an electrode within an outer shell measures oxygen in exhaust gas exiting the vehicle and generates a signal based on the oxygen measurement. A communication device, powered by a battery or capacitor, wirelessly transmits the measured amount of oxygen from the electrode to a powertrain control module. The flow of exhaust gas through the exhaust system spins blades to spin a generator in a rotational power generation device to generate electrical current to be stored and used by the battery or capacitor. The rotational power generation device may be located in the exhaust pipe, such as through an exhaust pipe wall, and either be connected to the oxygen sensor shell or separate and connected only with electrical wires between the generator and the battery or capacitor.

Abstract: An apparatus for diagnosing deterioration of a NOx absorption-reduction catalyst provided at an exhaust path of an engine includes a sensor disposed upstream of the catalyst to sense a NOx concentration in emission gas, a calculating unit calculating a first ratio of emission of NOx to inflow of NOx or a second ratio of absorption of NOx to inflow of NOx, and a diagnosing unit which diagnoses deterioration of the catalyst using the first or second ratio as an indicator. The calculating unit calculates inflow of NOx based on an output of the sensor and either the flow volume of the emission gas or a correlation value of the flow volume of the emission gas, calculates the absorption of NOx based on the amount of rich components required for reducing the NOx, and calculates the emission of NOx based on the difference between the inflow and absorption of NOx.

Abstract: An exhaust-gas recirculation apparatus for an internal combustion engine has a high-pressure EGR passage (20), a low-pressure EGR passage (21), a high-pressure EGR valve (22), and a low-pressure EGR valve (24) and performs open-loop control to the low-pressure EGR valve (24). The flow rate (Ghpl) of EGR gas flowing in the high-pressure EGR passage (20) and the flow rate (Glpl) of EGR gas flowing in the low-pressure EGR gas (21) are estimated based on the oxygen concentration (O2s) in the gas at the portion of the intake passage (3) downstream of the portion to which exhaust gas is delivered from the high-pressure EGR passage (2), the flow rate (Gdpf) of the gas passing through an exhaust-gas purifying catalyst unit (11) provided in the exhaust passage between the exhaust-gas inlets of the high-pressure EGR passage (20) and the low-pressure EGR passage (21), the flow rate (Gafm) of fresh air, and the fuel amount (Q) supplied to the cylinders (2) of the internal combustion engine per unit time.

Abstract: A temperature control device for a catalyst, which is capable of rapidly activating a catalyst while maintaining reduced exhaust emissions, by properly controlling the temperature of exhaust gases according to an activated state of the catalyst. If the catalyst is determined not to be in the activated state, based on an acquired temperature of the catalyst, the temperature control device for a catalyst sets a temperature higher than the temperature of the catalyst by a predetermined temperature is set as a target exhaust gas temperature. Further, the temperature control device controls a combustion control parameter including at least one of an amount of recirculation of exhaust gases by an EGR device, an amount of intake air drawn into an engine, a supply amount and a supply timing of fuel supplied into the engine, according to the set target exhaust gas temperature.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for managing a reagent dispensing device in the exhaust line of an engine, said circuit including a tank (1), an injection means (3), a means for conditioning the reagent, sensors capable of determining the representative parameters of the condition of the dispensing circuit and of the reagent, and actuators for controlling the conditioning and injection means driven by a calculation unit based on the condition of the dispensing circuit and of the reagent and on the engine parameters determined by an engine control unit (5) characterised in that the calculation unit is integrated in the engine control unit (5) and in that the system includes an analog/digital interface (4) for processing the analog signals from the sensors (2) and the actuators (3, 7, 8, 9), provided in the vicinity of the tank (1) and connected to the engine control unit by a multiplexed digital link.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purifying apparatus includes an exhaust pipe, a first oxidation catalyst, a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst, a urea water supply system, a particulate filter (PF) and a controller. Exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine flows through the exhaust pipe. The first oxidation catalyst is disposed in the exhaust pipe. The SCR catalyst is disposed in the exhaust pipe downstream of the first oxidation catalyst. The urea water supply system supplies urea water to the SCR catalyst. The PF is disposed in the exhaust pipe downstream of the SCR catalyst. The controller stops supplying the urea water from the urea water supply system during regeneration of the PF, so as to supply the NO2 formed in the first oxidation catalyst to the PF, wherein the NO2 functions as an oxidizing agent to oxidize particulate matter (PM) deposited on the PF for regenerating the PF.

Abstract: The invention relates to an exhaust gas purification system (1) for exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine, in particular from a diesel engine, said system being arranged in an exhaust tract (2) which has a primary exhaust gas treatment system (22) and an inlet line (3) with a metering device (19). In order to achieve higher efficiency in nitrogen conversion, it is proposed that the inlet line (3) together with the metering device (19) be arranged downstream of the exhaust gas treatment system (22) and that the inlet line (3) be divided downstream by the metering device (19) into two catalyst lines (13) which lead the exhaust gas stream from the internal combustion engine in each case to a catalyst element (6, 7), the exhaust gas stream being steerable into the first catalyst element (6) or the second catalyst element (7) by means of a control valve (14).

Abstract: A method and system for monitoring operation of an exhaust treatment system of a diesel engine includes a dosing system for injecting an injection fluid and a temperature sensor generating temperature signals corresponding to exhaust temperatures. A control module determines a temperature change after an injection of injection fluid based on the temperature signals, compares the temperature change to a threshold, and generates a fault signal in response thereto.

Abstract: A mixing device for mixing a gas and a liquid in an exhaust system has an injector for injecting the liquid, a shell, an inlet, an outlet and an exhaust gas flow path between the inlet and the outlet. The mixing device defines an axis, and the flow path has a first part, a second part and a third part. The first part extends generally parallel to the axis to direct a flow in a generally forward direction, the first part extending up to a first axial position. The second part extends generally parallel to the axis to direct flow in a generally reverse direction. The third part extends generally parallel to the axis to direct a flow in the generally forward direction. The third part is a volume that allows mixing and extends past the first axial position.

Abstract: A system for NOx reduction in combustion gases, especially from diesel engines, incorporates an oxidation catalyst to convert at least a portion of NO to NO2, a particulate filter, a source of reductant such as NH3 and an SCR catalyst. Considerable improvements in NOx conversion are observed.

Abstract: A urea strainer includes a mesh for removing impurities from urea passing therethrough and heatable wires to heat the urea as it passes through the mesh. The urea is provided to an emission control system of a diesel engine.

Abstract: System for storing an additive solution and injecting it into the exhaust gases of an engine, said system comprising two tanks for storing the solution and one pump for supplying the solution from these tanks to an injection line, these two tanks being in parallel and each being connected to the pump by a branch of a supply line, the branch (I) coming from the first tank (1) giving rise to lower pressure drops than the branch (II) coming from the other tank (2) so that the solution is normally withdrawn mainly from tank (1) and is withdrawn from tank (2), and only from the latter, when tank (1) is non-operational.