Abstract: A fire extinguishing composition is provided that is suitable for use as a fire extinguishing agent in fire suppression, particularly in off-road vehicles exposed to low ambient temperature environments. The fire extinguishing composition includes an aqueous solution of potassium formate. In an embodiment, the fire extinguishing composition includes an aqueous solution of potassium formate and an aqueous film forming foam. In an embodiment, the fire extinguishing composition is an aqueous solution including an aqueous film forming foam, potassium formate and potassium acetate in water.

Abstract: A composition for deicing or for the preparation of a heat transfer fluid is provided. The composition comprises a mixture of at least two carboxylic acid salts having a t/c ratio of 2 or lower, including a dicarboxylic salt and a monocarboxylic salt, said dicarboxylic salt being present in the mixture in an amount of at least 50 wt % of the weight of the mixture, on a dry basis. More particularly, said mixture is including a succinate and a formate, wherein the succinate is in an amount of at least 50 wt %, on a dry basis. Also provided is a method for deicing a surface or preventing the accumulation of ice, snow or a mixture thereof on a surface, comprising a step of applying on a surface covered by ice, snow or a mixture thereof, or susceptible of being covered by ice, snow or a mixture thereof, the above composition. The composition is also useful for the preparation of a heat transfer fluid coolant to be used in a heat transfer system comprising a heat transfer fluid provided with a cooling system.

Abstract: Composites comprising a continuous matrix formed from compounds having a rock salt structure (represented by the structure “MQ”) and inclusions comprising chalcogenide compounds having a rock salt structure (represented by the structure “AB”) are provided. Composites having the structure MQ-ABC2, where MQ represents a matrix material and ABC2 represents inclusions comprising a chalcogenide dispersed in the matrix material are also provided.

Abstract: A high thermal conductivity and low dissipation factor adhesive varnish for (build-up) combining additional insulation layers is disclosed to be used for high-density interconnected printed circuit boards or IC-package substrates and to be formed by well mixing an epoxy resin precursor, a bi-hardener mixture, a catalyst, a flow modifier, an inorganic filler with high thermal conductivity, and a solvent. The epoxy resin precursor is formed by mixing at least two epoxy resins with a certain ratio, where the at least two epoxy resins are selected from a group including a tri-functional epoxy resin, a rubber-modified or Dimmer-acid-modified epoxy resin, a bromide-contained epoxy resin, a halogen-free/phosphorus-contained epoxy resin, a halogen-free/phosphorus-free epoxy resin, a long-chain/halogen-free epoxy resin, and a bisphenol A (BPA) epoxy resin.

Abstract: A thermally conductive polymer composition, comprising a polymer, conductive charges in an amount of about 35% by weight or less, and a compatibilizer, the composition having a transverse thermal conductivity of about 0.5 W/m/K or more and a deformation at break of about 850% or less The composition is fabricated by i) feeding a polymer and a compatibilizer in a feed zone of an extruder to obtain a melted resin; ii) introducing directly into the extruder downstream of the feed zone, conductive charges in an amount of about 35% by weight or less into the melted resin; and iii) providing a degassing zone before the output of the thermally conductive polymer composition produced.

Abstract: The aqueous abrasive-free composition is useful for chemical mechanical polishing of a patterned semiconductor wafer containing a nonferrous metal. The composition includes an oxidizer, an inhibitor for the nonferrous metal, 0 to 15 weight percent water soluble modified cellulose, 0 to 15 weight percent phosphorus compound, 0.005 to 5 weight percent of an acidic polymer, and water. The acidic polymer has a methacrylic acid portion having a carbon number of 4 to 250. The methacrylic acid portion includes either methacrylic acid or an acrylic acid/methacrylic acid copolymer. The acidic polymer including a segment from a mercapto-carboxylic acid chain transfer agent.

Abstract: In a composition for etching silicon oxide, and a method of forming a contact hole using the composition, the composition which includes from about 0.01 to about 2 percent by weight of ammonium bifluoride, from about 2 to about 35 percent by weight of an organic acid, from about 0.05 to about 1 percent by weight of an inorganic acid, and a remainder of a low polar organic solvent. The composition may reduce damages to a metal silicide pattern that may be exposed in an etching process performed for forming the contact hole.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a slow release composition, preferably as a tablet, for industrial water systems, under an alkaline pH or high water hardness, using as an active ingredient a multifunctional amine of Formula (I) and a hydrophilic polymer, and other components such as a compression agent, in one composition as a biocide, biostat, biodispersant, deposit penetrant aid, organic deposit remover, detergent, surfactant, antifoam, scale inhibitor, scale remover, and a corosion inhibitor. The composition is used in multiple water cycles, can remove, disperse or inhibit fouling. The active ingredient(s) of the composition is released over a long time, up to 6 months.

Abstract: A method for preparing a cathode active material includes mixing a phosphorus source material, a lithium source material, and a dispersing agent together to form a first liquid mixture. An iron powder is added into the first liquid mixture. The first liquid mixture with the iron powder therein is dried to achieve a precursor. The precursor is calcined in a protective gas at a temperature of about 600° C. to about 800° C. for more than about 2 hours.

Abstract: This invention provides a titanic acid compound-type electrode active material having a high battery capacity and, at the same time, having excellent cycle characteristics. The titanic acid compound exhibits an X-ray diffraction pattern corresponding to a bronze-type titanium dioxide except for a peak for a (200) plane and having a peak intensity ratio between the (001) plane and the (200) plane, i.e., I(200)/I(001), of not more than 0.2. The titanic acid compound may be produced by heat dehydrating H2Ti3O7 at a temperature in the range of 200 to 330° C., by heat dehydrating H2Ti4O9 at a temperature in the range of 250 to 650° C., or by heat dehydrating H2Ti5O11 at a temperature in the range of 200 to 600° C.

Abstract: The present invention provides for novel compositions and methods for recycling or recovering ionic liquid used in IL pretreated cellulose and/or lignocellulosic biomass (LBM).

Abstract: A compacted block of material constructed of one or more units consisting of matter comprising an ammonia-saturated material capable of reversibly desorbing and ad- or absorbing ammonia surrounded by a gas-permeable, flexible material having a thermal conductivity of at least five times the thermal conductivity of said ammonia-saturated material at ?70° C. to 250° C. and methods for producing the same are described.

Abstract: A liquid crystalline polyester resin composition is provided, by which a molded article with an enhanced specific modulus can be produced. The liquid crystalline polyester resin composition comprises mica fillers in an amount of 15 to 30 parts by mass and carbon fibers with specific volume resistance of 108 ?cm or more in an amount of 5 to 20 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the liquid crystalline polyester.

Abstract: A phosphor represented by Formula 1: ZnS:Cu,Cl,Mn,Te.

Abstract: A process for reducing carbon dioxide emissions from a reforming process is provided. This method includes producing a hot crude syngas stream in a reformer; indirectly exchanging heat between the hot crude syngas stream and a process stream, thereby generating a cool crude syngas stream; and introducing the cool crude syngas stream into a first separation means, thereby producing a syngas stream and a fuel hydrogen stream. The present invention also includes introducing the syngas stream into a second separation means, thereby producing a product syngas stream, and a carbon dioxide rich stream; blending the fuel hydrogen stream with a hydrocarbon stream, thereby producing a blended fuel stream; and introducing the blended fuel stream into a reformer, thereby generating an exhaust stream that has a lower percentage of carbon dioxide than it would without the introduction of the fuel hydrogen stream.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for the synthesis of deuterium labeled Vitamin D and related compounds with a high level of deuterium incorporation, which are particularly suitable for use as standards for mass spectroscopy.

Abstract: Nanoparticles and methods of making nanoparticles are provided. The nanoparticles may include semiconductor nanocrystals. A shell may encapsulate a nanoparticle core, and the shell may include non-organic material and may be silica. The shell may also include additional species such as PEG. In some embodiments, a passivation layer is in contact with the core.

Abstract: A method and a device (1) for de-gassing a liquid-gas-mixture (3) is proposed. The method comprises: inserting the liquid-gas-mixture (3) into a chamber (5) wherein the chamber (5) is at a reduced gas pressure and arranging the liquid-gas-mixture (3) on a centre region (11) of a surface (13) of a rotating body (15) such that the liquid-gas-mixture (3) is subjected to a centrifugal force. Therein, the surface (13) of the rotating body (15) is adapted such that the liquid-gas-mixture (3) is spread over the surface (13) due to the centrifugal force and finally flows over a radially outward edge region (21) of the surface (13) of the rotating body (15). Due to the occurring centrifugal forces, even highly viscous or thixotropic liquids may be-spread over the rotating surface as a thin layer from which gas incorporated in the liquid can easily and effectively escape.

Abstract: Silylethynyl pentacenes and compositions containing silylethynyl pentacenes are disclosed. Exemplary pentacene compounds have 6,13-silylethynyl substitution with one or more groups (e.g., R, R? and R?) covalently bonded to each Si atom of the silylethynyl groups. Methods of making and using silylethynyl pentacenes and compositions containing silylethynyl pentacenes are also disclosed. Substrates and devices comprising the silylethynyl pentacenes and compositions are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing transparent conductive oxides, comprising the following steps in the sequence of a-b-c: (a) reaction of at least one starting compound (A) comprising at least one metal or semimetal M and optionally of a dopant (D) comprising at least one doping element M?, where at least one M? is different than M, in the presence of a block copolymer (B) and of a solvent (C) to form a composite material (K), (b) optional application of the composite material (K) to a substrate (S) and (c) heating of the composite material (K) to a temperature of at least 350° C., wherein the block copolymer (B) comprises at least one alkylene oxide block (AO) and at least one isobutylene block (IB). The present invention further relates to the transparent conductive oxides thus obtainable, and to their use in electronic components, as an electrode material and as a material for antistatic applications.

Abstract: One gamma radiation source comprises 75Selenium or a precursor thereof, wherein the 75Selenium is provided in the form of one or more thermally stable compounds, alloys or mixtures with one or more nonmetals which upon irradiation do not produce products capable of sustained emission of radiation which would unacceptably interfere with the gamma radiation of 75Selenium. A further gamma radiation source comprises 75Selenium or a precursor thereof, wherein the 75Selenium is provided in the form of one or more thermally stable compounds, alloys or mixtures with one or more metals or nonmetals, the neutron irradiation of which does produce products capable of sustained emission of radiation which would acceptably complement the gamma radiation of 75Selenium.

Abstract: A pry tool [10] comprising an hollow handle [11]; a first claw [16] having a first end [17], and a second end [18], the first end [17] being attached inside the lower end of the handle [11], and the second end [18] extending away from the lower end [13] of the handle [11]; a second claw [21] having a first end [22], and a second end [23], the first end [22] being attached inside the lower end [13] of the handle [11], and the second end [23] extending away from the lower end [13] of the handle [11]; and a rocker [26], having a first end [27] and a second end [28] attached to the lower end [13] of the handle [11], and a central portion [29] that curves around the lower end [13] of the handle [11] and between the claws [16] and [21] to form a rocker surface [30].

Abstract: A wheel ornament installation tool includes a supporting portion and a rotatable portion rotatably coupled to the supporting portion. The rotatable portion is configured to apply a force against a wheel ornament during rotation of the rotatable portion. The supporting portion is configured to engage a stationary object to support the rotatable portion during application of the force against the wheel ornament.

Abstract: A torpedo is provided for use in pulling an optical communications device through ducts, vents, pipes, and the like. The torpedo has at least one mating feature formed thereon that mates with at least one mating feature formed on a boot of an optical fiber cable when the torpedo is attached to the boot. The mating feature formed on the torpedo is typically a key and the mating feature formed on the boot is typically a keyway having a shape that is complementary to the shape of the key. The mating of the key and keyway eliminate the need to use a clamping force to ensure that the grip between the torpedo and the cable will not be lost or compromised when the torpedo is being pulled. The boot of the optical fiber cable may be a standard boot of a standard optical fiber cable, and therefore does not need to be a specialized boot designed specifically for the purpose of attaching to a torpedo.

Abstract: An adjustable carriage assembly is provided that includes a shaft assembly, a carriage section and a vertical movement section. The carriage section has a centerline and first and second lift pad assemblies operably connected to the shaft assembly. The shaft assembly is configured to translate rotational movement to synchronous movement of the lift pad assemblies. The vertical movement section is connected to the carriage section and is configured to attach to a lift system for raising and lowering the carriage section.

Abstract: A safety brake device for a theatre hoist to prevent the uncontrolled release of a load that is suspended above or below people includes an overrunning clutch and a torque disc. The torque disc only rotates with the overrunning clutch when the load is lowered, but must overcome friction forces applied to the surface of the torque disc to do so. The friction forces are constantly applied to the torque disc by maintaining friction material in contact with the torque disc. The friction material is a non-asbestos, non-metallic composite saturated with a lubricant.

Abstract: A jack assembly including a jack body sub-assembly and a swivel plate. The jack assembly preferably includes the following indicators: (i) at least one jack extension indicator for indication the extension position of the jack; and/or (ii) a disengagement indicator for indicating disengagement of rotational constraints as between the jack body sub-assembly and the load to which the jack is secured (for example, the swivel plate on the tongue of a trailer). In a preferred embodiment, the fixed-engagement indicator takes the form of a marking on a pin that: (i) engages with a swivel plate to rotationally constrain the jack body with respect to the swivel plate; and (ii) disengages with the swivel plate to allow relative rotation of the jack body relative to the swivel plate.

Abstract: A hydraulic jack capable of displaying load and overload warning, belonging to the technical field of hydraulic lifting equipment. It comprises: a base, a lifting arm, a pump body, a handle, and a tray, wherein, a signal collection assembly designed to sense the load on the tray is arranged at the end of the lifting arm, and the signal collection assembly is electrically connected to a weighing controller arranged on either the base or the pump body, and the tray is arranged on the signal collection assembly. Since a signal collection assembly designed to sense the load on the tray is arranged at the end of the lifting arm and electrically connected to the weighing controller, the load sensing method by the aid of communication with the oil circuit in the prior art is abandoned and the leakage of hydraulic oil can be avoided; since the signal collection assembly is arranged at the end of the lifting arm, the entire assembly can be easily processed, installed, and maintained.

Abstract: A kit and a connector are provided for constructing a fence or barrier. The kit can include upper and lower rails formed with bar-connecting holes distributed along their lengths. First and second bar sections together with the rails can be used to form a fence panel. The first bar sections are mounted between and connect the upper and lower rails and extend between aligned pairs of holes in the upper and lower rails. The second bar sections are connectable to the tops of the first bar sections and each is mountable on the upper rail so as to extend upwardly from one of the holes in this rail. Upper connecting mechanisms join the first bar sections to the second bar sections. Lower connecting mechanisms join the first bar sections to the lower rail at the holes formed therein.

Abstract: A connector for attaching a hollow baluster to a hollow rail in an extruded railing system includes two sections. A plug portion is adapted to be received in an end of the hollow baluster. A projection is adapted to be received in an aperture formed through a wall of the hollow rail. The projection may include a resilient tab configured to engage an interior surface of the hollow rail when received therein. In one embodiment, the plug portion and projection have axes that are not collinear and form an included angle. An outer taper of the plug portion allows for installation in stairway railing systems having ramp angles that deviate from the nominal.

Abstract: A memory device 10 having an arrangement in which a memory thin film is sandwiched between first and second electrodes, the memory thin film contains at least rare earth elements, the memory thin film 4 or a layer in contact with the memory thin film contains any one of elements selected from Cu, Ag, Zn and the memory thin film or the layer in contact with the memory thin film contains any one of elements selected from Te, S, Se.

Abstract: A phase change memory device is provided that includes a switching device, a bottom electrode contact in contact with the switching device and a porous spacer formed on the bottom electrode contact.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are provided for a vertical two-terminal nanotube device configured to capture and generate energy, to store electrical energy, and to integrate these functions with power management circuitry. The vertical nanotube device can include a column disposed in an anodic oxide material extending from a first distal end of the anodic oxide material to a second distal end of the anodic oxide material. Further, the vertical nanotube device can include a first material disposed within the column, a second material disposed within the column, and a third material disposed between the first material and the second material. The first material fills the first distal end of the column and extends to the second distal end of the column along inner walls of the column. The second material fills the first distal end of the column and extends to the second distal end of the column within the first material.

Abstract: A nanoscale switching device comprises at least two electrodes, each of a nanoscale width; and an active region disposed between and in electrical contact with the electrodes, the active region containing a switching material capable of carrying a species of dopants and transporting the dopants under an electrical field, wherein at least one of the electrodes comprises an amorphous conductive material.

Abstract: A phase change memory device having a heater that exhibits a temperature dependent resistivity which provides a way of reducing a reset current is presented. The phase change memory device includes a phase change pattern and a heating electrode contacted with the phase change pattern. The heating electrode includes a smart heating electrode such that the smart heating layer is formed of a conduction material that exhibits an increase in resistance as a function of an increase in temperature, i.e., a positive temperature dependent resistivity.

Abstract: A phase change random access memory includes a semiconductor substrate, a switching device pattern formed on the semiconductor substrate, a bottom electrode contact pattern formed on the switching device pattern, a phase change layer pattern formed on the bottom electrode contact pattern, and an insulating layer disposed at a portion of an contact surface between the bottom electrode contact pattern and the phase change layer pattern.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a ferroelectric memory module with conducting polymer electrodes, and a ferroelectric memory module fabricated according to the method. The ferroelectric polymer memory module includes a first set of layers including: an ILD layer defining trenches therein; a first electrode layer disposed in the trenches; a first conductive polymer layer disposed on the first electrode layer; and a ferroelectric polymer layer disposed on the first conductive polymer layer. The module further includes a second set of layers including: an ILD layer defining trenches therein; a second conductive polymer layer disposed in the trenches of the ILD layer of the second set of layers; and a second electrode layer disposed on the second conductive polymer layer. The first conductive polymer layer and the second conductive polymer layer cover the electrode layers to provide a reaction and/or diffusion barrier between the electrode layers and the ferroelectric polymer layer.

Abstract: A phase-change memory device, including a lower electrode, a phase-change material pattern electrically connected to the lower electrode, and an upper electrode electrically connected to the phase-change material pattern. The lower electrode may include a first structure including a metal semiconductor compound, a second structure on the first structure, the second structure including a metal nitride material, and including a lower part having a greater width than an upper part, and a third structure including a metal nitride material containing an element X, the third structure being on the second structure, the element X including at least one selected from the group of silicon, boron, aluminum, oxygen, and carbon.

Abstract: A resistance memory element having a pair of electrodes and an insulating film sandwiched between a pair of electrodes includes a plurality of cylindrical electrodes of a cylindrical structure of carbon formed in a region of at least one of the pair of electrodes, which is in contact with the insulating film. Thus, the position of the filament-shaped current path which contributes to the resistance states of the resistance memory element can be controlled by the positions and the density of the cylindrical electrodes.

Abstract: A method of electrically activating a structure having one or more graphene layers formed on a silicon carbide layer includes subjecting the structure to an oxidation process so as to form a silicon oxide layer disposed between the silicon carbide layer and a bottommost of the one or more graphene layers, thereby electrically activating the bottommost graphene layer.

Abstract: A film comprised of semiconductor nanocrystals having an aspect ratio less than 3:1 and a diameter greater than 10 nanometers, wherein the film has less than 5% by volume of organic material.

Abstract: A high power density photo-electronic and photo-voltaic material comprising a bio-inorganic nanophotoelectronic material with a photosynthetic reaction center protein encapsulated inside a multi-wall carbon nanotube or nanotube array. The array can be on an electrode. The photosynthetic reaction center protein can be immobilized on the electrode surface and the protein molecules can have the same orientation. A method of making a high power density photo-electronic and photo-voltaic material comprising the steps of immobilizing a bio-inorganic nanophotoelectronic material with a photosynthetic reaction center protein inside a carbon nanotube, wherein the immobilizing is by passive diffusion, wherein the immobilizing can include using an organic linker.

Abstract: Methods, materials, apparatus and systems are described for implementing high-performance arsenic (As)-doped indium oxide (In2O3) nanowires for transparent electronics, including their implementation in transparent thin-film transistors (TTFTs) and transparent active-matrix organic light-emitting diodes (AMOLED) displays. In one implementation, a method of fabricating n-type dopant-doped metal oxide nanowires includes dispersing nanoparticle catalysts on a Si/SiO2 substrate. n-type dopant-doped metal oxide nanowires are grown on the Si/SiO2 substrate using a laser ablation process.

Abstract: Ultraviolet light emitting illuminator, and method for fabricating same, comprises an array of ultraviolet light emitting diodes and a first and a second terminal. When an alternating current is applied across the first and second terminals and thus to each of the diodes, the illuminator emits ultraviolet light at a frequency corresponding to that of the alternating current. The illuminator includes a template with ultraviolet light emitting quantum wells, a first buffer layer with a first type of conductivity and a second buffer layer with a second type of conductivity, all deposited preferably over a strain-relieving layer. A first and second metal contact are applied to the semiconductor layers having the first and second type of conductivity, respectively, to complete the LED. The emission spectrum ranges from 190 nm to 369 nm. The illuminator may be configured in various materials, geometries, sizes and designs.

Abstract: A high quality II-VI semiconductor nanowire is disclosed. A plurality of II-VI semiconductor nanowires is provided, with each being fixed to a support. Each nanowire terminates in a free end and a metal alloy nanoparticle is fixed to each nanowire at its free end.

Abstract: An embodiment is a method and apparatus of radial contact using nanowires. An inner contact has a center. An outer contact surrounds the inner contact around the center and is spaced from the inner contact by a channel length. A nanowire connects the center of the inner contact and the outer contact in a rotationally invariant geometry. Another embodiment is a method and apparatus of a semiconductor device with bottom gate structure and having radial contact using nanowires. A gate electrode is deposited on a substrate. A dielectric layer is deposited on the substrate and the gate electrode. A source-drain assembly is deposited on the dielectric layer. The source-drain assembly has source and drain electrodes connected via a nanowire in a rotationally invariant geometry. Another embodiment is a method and apparatus of a semiconductor device with top gate structure and having radial contact using nanowires. An isolation barrier layer is deposited on a substrate.

Abstract: A method of forming a microelectronic device includes forming a groove structure having opposing sidewalls and a surface therebetween on a substrate to define a nano line arrangement region. The nano line arrangement region has a predetermined width and a predetermined length greater than the width. At least one nano line is formed in the nano line arrangement region extending substantially along the length thereof and coupled to the surface of the groove structure to define a nano line structure. Related devices are also discussed.

Abstract: Provided is a method for fabricating a nano-wire field effect transistor including steps of: preparing an SOI substrate having a (100) surface orientation, and nano-wire field effect transistor where two triangular columnar members configuring the nano-wires and being made of a silicon crystal layer are arranged one above the other on an SOI substrate having a (100) surface such a way that the ridge lines of the triangular columnar members face via an insulator; processing the silicon crystal configuring the SOI substrate into a standing plate-shaped member having a rectangular cross-section; and as a nanowire, processing the silicon crystal by orientation dependent wet etching into a shape where two triangular columnar members are arranged one above the other in such a way that the ridge lines of the triangular columnar members configuring the nano-wires face through the ridge lines thereof, and an integrated circuit including the nano-wire field effect transistor.

Abstract: An organic electro-luminescent display is provided, including a thin layer (16) of an electron-donor metal between cathodes (17) and an organic electron transport layer (15), and a partial doping of the latter layer with the same metal.

Abstract: A white organic light emitting device having a stack structure of blue fluorescence and red/green phosphorescence is disclosed, in which efficiency of the blue fluorescence is improved to increase lifespan of the white organic light emitting device, color quality is improved, and power consumption is reduced.