Abstract: Disclosed is an electrophotographic imaging member including a substrate; a charge generating layer; a charge transport layer with a hole transport material; and a protective overcoat layer having a silicone polyether additive with at least one carbinol function group; a polyol binder; a hole transport material; a curing agent; and an acid catalyst.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including a charging unit, an exposing unit, a developing unit, a transferring unit, and a fixing unit. A toner containing a colorant and a binder resin which contains a polyester resin (A) and a polyester resin (B) having a softening point 10° C. or more higher than that of the polyester resin (A); the polyester resin (A) is a (meth)acrylic acid-modified rosin derived resin having a polyester unit obtained by polycondensation of an alcohol component, which contains 65 mol % or more of 1,2-propanediol in a dihydric alcohol component, and a carboxylic acid component containing a (meth)acrylic acid-modified rosin; the polyester resin (B) is a purified rosin derived resin having a polyester unit obtained by polycondenstation of an alcohol component, which contains a total of 70 mol % or more of 1,2-propanediol and 1,3-propanediol in a dihydric alcohol component, and a carboxylic acid component containing purified rosin.

Abstract: An information recording medium includes a transparent recording member and a substantially non-transparent member. The transparent recording member has at least one transparent area and a concavo-convex pattern on a first surface thereof while bearing a reverse toner image on a second surface thereof. The substantially non-transparent member is formed on the second surface of the transparent recording member.

Abstract: A method for producing a positively chargeable toner is described. The method for producing a positively chargeable toner may include the steps of: mixing and emulsifying a charge-controlling resin having a positive polar group, an organic solvent and an aqueous medium to form an emulsion, and then removing the organic solvent from the emulsion, to thereby form a suspension of the charge-controlling resin having a positive polar group in the range of 5.0×10?5 to 6.0×10?4 mol/g; mixing the suspension of the charge-controlling agent with a suspension of toner base particles containing a binder resin and a colorant, to thereby form a mixture; and heating the mixture containing the suspension of the toner base particles and the suspension of the charge-controlling resin, to thereby fix the charge-controlling resin on the surfaces of the toner base particles.

Abstract: A coarse particle containing a polyester based resin and a coloring agent is added in an aqueous medium containing a surfactant, a basic substance and an inorganic water-soluble electrolyte, and dispersion and coagulation are carried out to form a toner particle.

Abstract: A positive photosensitive composition comprising: (A) a resin having at least one repeating unit having a specific lactone structure at a side chain and being capable of decomposing by the action of an acid to increase the solubility in an alkali developer; and (B) a compound capable of generating a specific acid upon irradiation with an actinic ray or a radiation, and a pattern-forming method using the positive photosensitive composition, are provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photosensitive resin composition for flexographic printing plates containing a thermoplastic elastomer (A), a polymer (B) mainly composed of butadiene, a photopolymerizable unsaturated monomer (C) and a photopolymerization initiator (D) (which composition substantially contains no hydrophilic polymers). In this photosensitive resin composition for flexographic printing plates, the number average molecular weight of the polymer (B) is not less than 10,000 and not more than 60,000, and the 1, 2 vinyl content in the total double bonds of the polymer (B) is not more than 25%.

Abstract: A compound of the present invention is a compound represented by a general formula (A-1) [wherein, R? represents a hydrogen atom or an acid-dissociable, dissolution-inhibiting group, provided that at least one R? group is an acid-dissociable, dissolution-inhibiting group, R11 to R17 each represent an alkyl group of 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, which may include a hetero atom within the structure; g and j each represent an integer of 1 or greater, and k and q each represent an integer of 0 or greater, provided that g+j+k+q is not greater than 5; a represents an integer from 1 to 3; b represents an integer of 1 or greater, and l and m each represent an integer of 0 or greater, provided that b+l+m is not greater than 4; c represents an integer of 1 or greater, and n and o each represent an integer of 0 or greater, provided that c+n+o is not greater than 4; and A represents a group represented by a general formula (Ia) shown below, a group represented by a general formula (Ib) shown belo

Abstract: A pattern forming method includes a step of forming a pattern of a resist on a surface of a thin film formed on the base material; a step of forming a reverse layer on the pattern of the resist; a step of forming a reverse pattern, of the reverse layer complementary to the pattern of the resist by removing the resist after removing the reverse layer to expose a surface of the resist; a step of forming a hard mask layer including the thin film, on which the reverse layer is formed, by etching the thin film through the reverse pattern of the reverse layer as a mask; and a step of etching the base material through, as a mask, the hard mask layer on which the reverse layer remains or the hard mask layer on which the reverse layer has been removed.

Abstract: A resist composition comprising a base component (A) which exhibits changed solubility in an alkali developing solution under action of acid, an acid-generator component (B) which generates acid upon exposure, and a nitrogen-containing organic compound (D), the nitrogen-containing organic compound (D) including a nitrogen-containing polymeric compound (D1) having a structural unit (d0) containing a nitrogen atom in the side chain thereof.

Abstract: An optical information recording and reproducing device 1 irradiates initialization light L1 to an optical information recording medium 100 having a recording layer 101 made of photopolymerization-type photopolymer in advance to bring about the photopolymerization or the photocrosslinking to perform the initialization processing, and condenses a recording light beam L2c having a comparatively strong light intensity to a target position in the recording layer 101 and increases the temperature thereof to transubstantiate the target position to record a recording mark RM at the time of recording information, and condenses a reading light beam L2d having a comparatively weak light intensity to the target position and receives a returned light beam L3 having a sufficient light amount reflected by the recording mark RM at the time of reproducing information, which makes it possible to reliably record the recording mark RM and stably read out the recording mark RM.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a write-once type information storage medium using a recording material which has a low to high characteristic that a light reflectivity in a recording mark increases with respect to a non-recording area and which has a recording characteristic in accordance with a principle of recording without substrate deformation, wherein the recording material includes at least an organic metal complex, and wherein the organic metal complex includes a center metal.

Abstract: A laser induced thermal imaging apparatus for imaging an imaging layer of a donor film on an acceptor substrate. The laser induced thermal imaging apparatus includes: a substrate stage having an electromagnet, and adapted to receive an acceptor substrate having a pixel area of the organic light emitting device and a donor film including the organic light emitting layer to be imaged on the pixel area; a laser oscillator for irradiating a laser on the donor film; a contact frame adapted to be located between the substrate stage and the laser oscillator and including an opening portion of a pattern corresponding to a part to be imaged of the donor film and a permanent magnet for forming a magnetic force with the substrate stage; and a contact frame moving mechanism for moving the contact frame toward the substrate stage.

Abstract: Resist compositions having good footing properties even on difficult substrates are obtained by using a combination of base additives including a room temperature solid base, and a liquid low vapor pressure base. The compositions are especially useful on metal substrates such as chromium-containing layers commonly used in mask-making.

Abstract: A method of implementing sub-lithographic patterning of a semiconductor device includes forming a first set of patterned features with a single lithography step, the initial set of patterned features characterized by a linewidth and spacing therebetween; forming a first set of sidewall spacers on the first set of patterned features, and thereafter removing the first set of patterned features so as to define a second set of patterned features based on the geometry of the first set of sidewall spacers; and performing one or more additional iterations of forming subsequent sets of sidewall spacers on subsequent sets of patterned features, followed by removal of the subsequent sets of patterned features, wherein a given set of patterned features is based on the geometry of an associated set of sidewall spacers formed prior thereto, and wherein a final of the subsequent sets of patterned features is characterized by a sub-lithographic dimension.

Abstract: A method of minimizing etch undercut and providing clean metal liftoff in subsequent metal deposition is provided. In one embodiment a bilayer resist mask is employed and used for etching of underlying substrate material and subsequent metal liftoff. In one embodiment, the top layer resist such as positive photoresist which is sensitive to selected range of energy, such as near UV or violet light, is first patterned by standard photolithography techniques and resist development in a first developer to expose portion of a bottom resist layer which is sensitive to a different selected range of energy, such as deep UV light. The exposed portion of the bottom layer resist is then removed by anisotropic etching such as oxygen reactive ion etching using the top layer resist as the etch mask to expose portion of the underlying substrate. This minimizes the undercut in the bottom resist around the top photoresist opening.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for the preservation and storage of living biological tissues, organs, and populations of isolated cells. Also disclosed are compositions and methods to permit biological samples (including e.g., cells, cell cultures, tissues, and organs) to be harvested from suitable donor animals, stored for prolonged periods under refrigerated, cryogenic, or near-freezing, and then transported and implanted into a site within the body of a selected recipient animal, all without significant loss of cellular viability, tissue integrity, and/or biochemical function of the stored biological sample.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a white blood cell differentiation reagent comprising a fluorescent dye compound of Formula I, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, Y? and n are as defined in the specification. The present disclosure also provides a white blood cell detection kit comprising the white blood cell differentiation reagent, and a method of differentiating white blood cells using the white blood cell differentiation reagent.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for diagnosing and detecting diseases associated with colon. The present invention provides one or more proteins or fragments thereof, peptides or nucleic acid molecules differentially expressed in colon diseases (CCAT) and antibodies binds to CCAT. The present invention provides that CCAT is used as targets for screening agents that modulates the CCAT activities. Further the present invention provides methods for treating diseases associated with colon.

Abstract: Division arrested cells are used in screening assays to determine the effect of a substance of interest on the cells. The division arrested cells can be used in drug screening assays, signal transduction assays, and are especially useful in large scale, high throughput assays.

Abstract: Materials and methods of use thereof are presented for the treatment of diabetes and other diseases. Therapeutic compositions including regulated aptamer therapeutic compositions with specificity to components of diabetes disease are presented with methods of administering these therapeutic compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for generating a novel form of life comprising the steps consisting of: a) irreversible alteration of the genome of a microbial clone; b) cultivation of a vast population of microbial cells originating from the altered clone obtained in step a) during numerous generations under conditions allowing selection for a higher and stable proliferation rate; c) isolation of descendant clones within the cultivated population of step b) still bearing the alteration of step a).

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of making and using self-assembled arrays of single polynucleotide molecules for carrying out a variety of large-scale genetic measurements, such as gene expression analysis, gene copy number assessment, and the like. Random arrays used in the invention are “self-assembled” in the sense that they are formed by deposition of polynucleotide molecules onto a surface where they become fixed at random locations. The polynucleotide molecules fixed on the surface are then identified by direct sequence determination of component nucleic acids, such as incorporated probe sequences, or by other decoding schemes. Such identification converts a random array of determinable polynucleotides, and their respective probes into an addressable array of probe sequences.

Abstract: Methods are provided for tagging, characterizing and sorting double-stranded biomolecules while maintaining the integrity of the biomolecules.

Abstract: A method for simultaneous detection and identification of Bacillus anthracis, Yersinia pestis and Francisella tularensis, in a single real time PCR assay using species-specific primers and Taqman MGB probes. Also, a kit for the diagnosis of bacterial bioterrorism agents. In addition, an infection-free control plasmid to verify the result of the real time PCR analysis method.

Abstract: The present application identifies the involvement of the HIF?-homologous Arntl2 gene in the control of type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes. Accordingly, the present invention provides a method of determining the susceptibility of a subject to developing insulin-dependent diabetes based on the expressing level of the Arntl2 gene. The present invention also provides a method for identifying compounds effective for treating or preventing insulin-dependent diabetes in a subject in need thereof and a method of treating or preventing insulin-dependent diabetes by administering an effective amount of compound identified by the identification method. The present invention also provides a method of enhancing protection against insulitis progression or autoimmune diabetes development in a subject in need thereof comprising, enhancing expression of the Arntl2 gene or modulating the expression of target genes thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to DNA polymorphisms in sterol regulator element binding proteins (SREBP) that are characteristic of a higher risk of genetic diseases in humans such as hyperchlolesterolemia. The corresponding polymorphisms, especially the polymorphisms on SREBP-1 and SREBP-2 are frequently observed in Alzheimer patients (SREBP-2). They are also characterized by a specific behavior in the therapy of HIV patients with proteas inhibitors and appear to have an influence on the mortality.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and kits for prognosis of prostate cancer in a subject. The methods comprises: (a) determining the ratio of PCA3 and PSA expression in a urine sample and (b) correlating the value of the PCA3/PSA ratio with the aggressiveness and mortality risk of prostate cancer in the subject. Kits for prognosing prostate cancer are also described. More particularly, the present invention features a method for prognosing prostate cancer in a biological sample of a patient comprising: assessing the amount of a prostate cancer specific PCA3 mRNA and the amount of PSA in the biological sample; determining a ratio value of this amount of prostate cancer specific PCA3 mRNA over the amount of PSA; comparing the ratio value to at least one predetermined cut-off value, wherein a ratio value above the predetermined cut-off value is indicative of a higher risk of mortality of prostate cancer as compared to a ratio value below the predetermined cut-off value.

Abstract: This invention provides methods of detecting melanoma. The methods comprises detecting a gain or loss of certain chromosomal regions that undergo copy number changes in melanoma.

Abstract: Methods, reagents and kits are described for the diagnosis of a female reproductive condition, based on the detection of an alteration in a NALP7-encoding nucleic acid or a NALP7 polypeptide, relative to a corresponding wild-type NALP7-encoding nucleic acid or NALP7 polypeptide.

Abstract: The present invention provides DNA biomarker sequences that are differentially methylated in samples from normal individuals and individuals with cancer. The invention further provides methods of identifying differentially methylated DNA biomarker sequences and their use the detection and diagnosis of cancer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a DNA analysis method and a DNA analyzer whose signal intensity is not lowered even when a material at a higher density is measured. There is supplied dATP, dTTP, dGTP, or dCTP from a dATP solution vessel, a dTTP solution vessel, a dGTP solution vessel, or a dCTP solution vessel, and this causes an extension reaction of a double-stranded DNA immobilized to a bead, to yield pyrophosphoric acid. The pyrophosphoric acid is converted into a redox compound by the actions of a reagent and an enzyme contained in a reaction buffer in a reaction buffer vessel. The redox compound causes a variation in surface potential of a measuring electrode bearing an electrochemically active material immobilized thereto through an insulating molecule, and this variation causes a variation in drain current of a field-effect transistor electrically connected to the measuring electrode. Thus, the extension reaction is detected.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions for predicting patient responses to cancer treatment using hypoxia gene signatures. These methods can comprise measuring in a biological sample from a patient the levels of gene expression of a group of the genes designated herein. The present invention also provides for microarrays that can detect expression from a group of genes.

Abstract: Methods of screening for compounds which are, for example, capable of modulating amino acid-DNA interaction, modulating DNA replication, modulating cell proliferation, and for identifying compounds which inhibit cellular proliferation caused by cancer, are provided.

Abstract: Sequencing methods that use an exonuclease that comprises template dependent nucleobase binding activity are provided. Related compositions and sequencing systems are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to mutations in the amyloid precursor protein (APP) promoter region, whereby the mutations cause a significant increase in APP expression. The increase in APP expression is related to Alzheimer's disease, and the mutations can be used in Alzheimer's disease diagnosis, or in the construction of transgenic animal models for studying Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: The present invention relates to mutations in Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and methods of detecting such mutations as well as prognostic methods method for identifying a tumors that are susceptible to anticancer therapy such as chemotherapy and/or kinase inhibitor treatment. The methods involve determining the presence of a mutated EGFR gene or mutated EGFR protein in a tumor sample whereby the presence of a mutated EGFR gene or protein indicates the tumor is susceptible to treatment.

Abstract: Methods disclosed herein relate to identification of nucleotides in a nucleotide sequence.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods for pairwise sequencing of a double-stranded polynucleotide template, which methods result in the sequential determination of nucleotide sequences in two distinct and separate regions of the polynucleotide template. Using the methods of the invention it is possible to obtain two linked or paired reads of sequence information from each double-stranded template on a clustered array, rather than just a single sequencing read from one strand of the template.

Abstract: Methods of diagnosing or monitoring transplant rejection or cytomegalovirus infection in a patient by detecting the expression level of one or more genes or surrogates derived therefrom in the patient are described. Diagnostic oligonucleotides for diagnosing or monitoring transplant rejection or cytomegalovirus infection and kits or systems containing the same are also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and means for diagnosing or risk stratification of co-morbidities, particularly cardiovascular complications in diabetes patients. The invention particularly relates to a method for diagnosing whether a diabetes patient is suffering from a cardiovascular complication or is at risk of suffering from a cardiovascular complication, said method comprising the steps of (a) measuring, preferably in vitro, the level(s) of at least one cardiac hormone or a variant thereof in a sample from the patient, and (b) diagnosing the cardiovascular complication or the risk of suffering from cardiovascular complication by comparing the measured level(s) to known level(s) associated with the cardiovascular complication or risk. The present invention also relates to combining the measurement of markers comprising cardiac hormones, natriuretic peptides, inflammation-associated markers, angiogenesis-markers, and markers for platelet activation.

Abstract: A conjugate comprising a dye-labeled microporous crystal, a stop-cock moiety, and covalently bound thereto an affinity binding agent is disclosed. The dye-labeled microporous crystal is a zeolite crystal, such as a zeolite L crystal, having a large number of channels in its interior into which the dye is loaded. The stop-cock moiety can be functionalized with an amino group to which a carboxyester group can be attached. The affinity binding agent allows for the binding to a biological moiety. The conjugate of the moiety can be used in in-vivo and/or in-vitro imaging applications.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of identifying naïve T cells by expression of PTK7.

Abstract: The present invention primarily relates to a method for analyzing the amount of immunoregulatory integrin binding factors and/or patient endogenous antibodies which are directed against such factors, the factors having the capacity to modulate the immune functions in a subject suffering from cancer or inflammatory or autoimmune diseases, by utilizing binding reagents to determine these factors and/or the patient endogenous antibodies which are directed against such factors, whereby the prognosis and/or the therapeutic efficacy of any treatment of a subject suffering from cancer or inflammatory or autoimmune diseases can be determined and/or monitored. The invention further relates to the use of therapeutically active compounds for eliminating, inhibiting or enhancing such binding factors for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals to be used in the treatment of cancer, inflammatory conditions or autoimmune diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery, identification and characterization of a transient receptor potential channel, referred to herein as TRP8, which is expressed in taste receptor cells and associated with the perception of bitter and sweet taste. The invention encompasses TRP8 nucleotides, host cell expression systems, TRP8 proteins, fusion proteins, polypeptides and peptides, antibodies to the TRP8 protein, transgenic animals that express a TRP8 transgene, and recombinant “knock-out” animals that do not express TRP8. The invention further relates to methods for identifying modulators of the TRP8-mediated taste response and the use of such modulators to either inhibit or promote the perception of bitterness or sweetness. The modulators of TRP8 activity may be used as flavor enhancers in foods, beverages and pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the discovery, identification and characterization of a transient receptor potential channel, referred to herein as TRP8, which is expressed in taste receptor cells and associated with the perception of bitter and sweet taste. The invention encompasses TRP8 nucleotides, host cell expression systems, TRP8 proteins, fusion proteins, polypeptides and peptides, antibodies to the TRP8 protein, transgenic animals that express a TRP8 transgene, and recombinant “knock-out” animals that do not express TRP8. The invention further relates to methods for identifying modulators of the TRP8-mediated taste response and the use of such modulators to either inhibit or promote the perception of bitterness or sweetness. The modulators of TRP8 activity may be used as flavor enhancers in foods, beverages and pharmaceuticals.

Abstract: The present invention provides assays and methods for determining levels of STIM2 activity, thus providing tools for the characterization and study of the regulation of intracellular calcium levels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for activation of TRPA1 (transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily A, member 1) using acetaldehyde, more precisely a method for selecting a candidate for TRPA1 activation blocker from neurons activated by acetaldehyde. Acetaldehyde of the present invention works on TRPA1 specifically so that it facilitates the isolation of sensory neurons expressing TRPA1. Therefore, acetaldehyde of the invention can be effectively used for the studies on TRPA1 mechanisms and the development of a TRPA1 based anodyne.

Abstract: A method of assaying nucleotide receptor P2X7 pore activity in white blood cells contained within a mixed cell sample is provided comprising labeling white blood cells with a white blood cell-specific label; depolarizing the labeled white blood cells with an isotonic depolarizing solution; contacting the labeled white blood cells with dye and a P2X7 agonist in an amount sufficient to activate P2X7 pore activity; contacting the labeled white blood cells with a divalent cation in an amount sufficient to deactivate P2X7 pore activity; and analyzing dye uptake whereby P2X7 pore activity is quantified by the amount of dye taken up in labeled white blood cells treated with the P2X7 agonist relative to labeled white blood cells in the absence of said P2X7 agonist, said P2X7 pore activity being corrected for sample age and by subtraction of P2X7 pore activity contributed by nonviable white blood cells.

Abstract: A measuring device (100a) includes a base body (101) constituting: a sample holding portion (102) configured to hold a test sample containing urea and a material to be detected; and a sample supply port (103) through which the test sample is supplied to the sample holding portion (102). The base body includes an optical measuring portion and a reagent holding portion (111) which are configured to carry out an optical measurement of the test sample held by the sample holding portion (102). The reagent holding portion holds an antibody to the material to be detected and urease which causes hydrolysis of the urea. With this, the present invention provides a measuring device, a measuring apparatus, and a measuring method, each having a simple configuration and capable of reducing measurement errors caused by the urea contained in the test sample and accurately measuring the material to be detected.