Abstract: A method embeds tracing secret data into multimedia contents delivered to particular users. The method descrambles a first scrambled video stream having alternate values to obtain a personalized video stream corresponding to an original video stream by a decoder comprising at least a security unit and a descrambling unit, the personalized video stream being obtained by restoring the alternate values by personalized values taking into account an internal parameter on the security unit and received control data containing the original values and their location in the modified stream.

Abstract: Systems, methods and devices for distributing a group key between a transmitter and a group of receivers connected over a network. The described group key distribution can be implemented in any television network for encrypted transmission of television related content to large and dynamic groups of subscribers' receivers. Wherein each receiver contributes to the group key by securely transmitting its contribution to the transmitter. The transmitter also contributes to the group key and generates the group key based on all contributions. The transmitter further generates partial keys specific to each receiver such that each receiver can generate a copy of the group key from its contribution and the partial key it receives. The transmitter sends each receiver its corresponding partial key so that each receiver can calculate a copy of the group key.

Abstract: This is directed to a digital handshake for establishing a secure communications path between two electronic devices. Each device can capture an image of the other device using a camera (e.g., a front facing camera or a back facing camera) and extract, from the captured image, a key or seed associated with the other device. For example, each device can display a seed to be identified from an image taken by the other device. Using the extracted keys or seeds, each device can generate, using a same process, an identical digital handshake key. The digital handshake key can then be used to define a secure communications path between the two devices and share information securely. In some embodiments, a digital handshake key can be shared among several devices to create a multi-device secure communications path. Once a communications path has been established, the devices in the path can be identified and authenticated from the digital handshake key to receive access to secured goods, services or information.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for intelligent authentication based on proximity and using a short wireless device. The method checks if the user captured a PIN code recently and if no signal drop was detected since the last PIN capture. It obtains user data from a unitary short wireless device and authenticates it. If the user PIN was not captured recently, or if a signal drop was recently detected, the user is asked to enter a PIN code.

Abstract: A key manager provides a way to separate out the management of encryption keys and policies from application domains. The key manager may create cipher objects that may be used by the domains to perform encryption or decryption, without exposing the keys or encryption/decryption algorithms to the domains. A master key managed by the key manager may be used to encrypt and decrypt the domain keys that are stored under the control of the key manager. The key manager supports the rekeying of both the master key and the domain keys based on policy. Multiple versions of domain keys may be supported, allowing domains to access data encrypted with a previous version of a domain key after a rekeying.

Abstract: Techniques for memory compartmentalization for trusted execution of a virtual machine (VM) on a multi-core processing architecture are described. Memory compartmentalization may be achieved by encrypting layer 3 (L3) cache lines using a key under the control of a given VM within the trust boundaries of the processing core on which that VMs is executed. Further, embodiments described herein provide an efficient method for storing and processing encryption related metadata associated with each encrypt/decrypt operation performed for the L3 cache lines.

Abstract: A method and system for key recovery for a private key of a digital certificate for a client.

Abstract: An system, method, and method of encoding/decoding a multi-channel audio signal, including a decoding level generation unit producing decoding-level information that helps a bitstream including a number of audio channel signals and space information to be decoded into a number of audio channel signals, wherein the space information includes information about magnitude differences and/or similarities between channels, and an audio decoder decoding the bitstream according to the decoding-level information. Accordingly, even a single input bitstream can be decoded into a suitable number of channels depending on the type of a speaker configuration used. Scalable channel decoding can be achieved by partially decoding an input bitstream. In the scalable channel decoding, a decoder may set decoding levels and outputs audio channel signals according to the decoding levels, thereby reducing decoding complexity.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a first audio amplifier circuit configured to provide an analog audio signal and an analog switch circuit including a first input configured to receive the analog audio signal, a second input configured to receive a first digital data signal, and a first output configured to provide one of the digital data signal or the analog audio signal. The apparatus also includes a first feedback circuit coupled to the first audio amplifier circuit and the analog switch circuit output, the feedback circuit configured to bias the first audio amplifier circuit.

Abstract: A M-bridge class-D audio amplifier for portable applications and a method of driving a three-wire audio output device comprises a stereo signal source producing first and second input stereo digital signals; circuitry adapted to receive the first and second input stereo digital signals and produce three stereo signals comprising a first, second, and third digital signal, wherein the three stereo signals generate PWM waves comprising a first, second, and third digital signal PWM wave; exactly three pairs of MOSFETs driven by the first, second, and third digital signal PWM waves respectively; and a three-wire speaker system comprising a first wire driven by the first digital signal PWM wave through the first pair of MOSFETs; a second wire driven by the second digital signal PWM wave through the second pair of MOSFETs; and a common wire driven by the third digital signal PWM wave through the third pair of MOSFETs.

Abstract: A sound signal processing apparatus includes a sliding operation detecting section to which a sound signal collected by a microphone is inputted, and which determines start and end of a sliding operation by a determination process using a sliding sound signal component in the inputted sound signal, the sliding sound signal component being produced by the sliding operation on the microphone itself or its vicinity, and a control section that performs a predetermined control process that is set with respect to the sliding operation, during a period from the start to the end of the sliding operation determined by the sliding operation detecting section.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for generating an anti-noise signal and equalizing a reproduced audio signal (e.g., a far-end telephone signal) are described, wherein the generating and the equalizing are both based on information from an acoustic error signal.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, systems, and software are disclosed for providing a phone or other audio communication device with a fixed-path acoustic echo cancellation feature that compensates for a fixed-path acoustic coupling caused by transmission of sound from one or more speakers to one or more microphones through, for instance, the phone body itself.

Abstract: An earpiece for providing an audio signal to two ears of a user, includes an audio interface for providing the audio signal, a bone conduction speaker coupled to the audio interface for outputting an output signal, an adaptive filter with an adjustable impulse response to provide a filtered signal that once played to the second ear of a user, by an in-ear speaker, reduces an audio effect of the leakage signal on the second ear of the user, an in-ear speaker coupled to the audio interface for providing an in-ear audio signal to the second ear of the user, in response to the filtered signal and the second input signal, an in-ear microphone for sensing a sensed audio signal, and a processor for updating an impulse response of the adaptive filter in order to reduce a contribution of the leakage signal to the sensed audio signal.

Abstract: A signal-processing circuit for the generation of a loudspeaker signal comprises an input for the feeding of a digital input signal and a digital equalizer filter that is coupled with the input and has at least one first recursive filter that is defined by a first adjustable set of coefficients. An amplification device coupled with the equalizer filter is designed to generate the loudspeaker signal as a function of the filtered input signal and to output on an output terminal. A current measurement device is designed to output a digital measurement signal that represents a current of the loudspeaker signal. A digital filter block is designed to generate, through filtering, an estimate signal as a function of the measurement signal. For this purpose, the filter block has at least one second recursive filter that is defined by a second adjustable set of coefficients.

Abstract: A sound signal processing apparatus includes a sound source direction determination unit and a filter processing unit. The sound source direction determination unit determines sound source directions with respect to sound signals of a plurality of channels for respective first to n-th bands. The filter processing unit includes first to n-th filters which are connected in series and configured to boost or attenuate the sound signals with respect to the first to n-th bands. The respective first to n-th filters perform boosting or attenuation based on the sound source directions of the first to n-th bands which are determined by the sound source direction determination unit.

Abstract: A system and method of producing a directional output signal is described including the steps of: detecting sounds at the left and rights sides of a person's head to produce left and right signals; determining the similarity of the signals; modifying the signals based on their similarity; and combining the modified left and right signals to produce an output signal.

Abstract: A hands-free unit comprises a noise tolerant audio sensor to generate a first audio signal based on detection of audible sounds and an external audio sensor to generate a second audio signal based on detection of the audible sounds. A tunable distortion reduction filter adds high frequency information to the first audio signal and reduces distortion. A control unit detects noise levels based on comparison of first and second audio signals; and selects one of the first and second audio signals based on the detected noise level.

Abstract: A de-pop circuit adaptable to an audio circuit is disclosed. A high-pass filter generates a high-pass output signal according to an output signal of the audio circuit. A blockage circuit receives the high-pass output signal and a control signal, and generates an enable signal to activate the audio circuit according to the control signal and the high-pass output signal.

Abstract: An audio processing apparatus including an audio phase detecting device and an adjusting device is provided. After detecting a phase relationship between a first channel signal and a second channel signal, the audio phase detecting device generates a phase control signal. The adjusting device is coupled to the audio phase detecting device and used for selectively adjusting the first channel signal according to the phase control signal.

Abstract: A canalphone system may include a canalphone housing, and a first high frequency driver carried within the canalphone housing. The system may also include a second high frequency driver carried within the canalphone housing where the second high frequency driver is tuned with the first high frequency driver to deliver lower distortion than a standard canalphone high frequency driver and/or lower distortion than two standard canalphone high frequency drivers that are not tuned with each other.

Abstract: Volume limiting systems and methods are operable to limit volume output from media presentation devices. An exemplary embodiment detects a sound using a microphone, wherein the sound corresponds to an audio output of at least one controlled media presentation device, and wherein the microphone is remotely located from the at least one controlled media presentation device; compares a level of the detected sound with a predefined maximum volume limit; generates a volume output limit command in response to the detected sound exceeding the predefined maximum volume limit; and communicates the volume output limit command to the media presentation device. The media presentation device then reduces a volume level of its audio output. In some instances, volume may be limited during user specified periods.

Abstract: This invention provides a condenser microphone unit having a diaphragm assembly in which a diaphragm does not attach to a fixed electrode even if a polarization voltage is increased. A condenser microphone unit is provided having a diaphragm assembly 1 in which a diaphragm 12 is stretched over a diaphragm support 10 and a fixed electrode 20 arranged to face the diaphragm assembly 1 through a spacer. An opening 10a over which the diaphragm 12 is stretched so as to be able to vibrate is formed in the diaphragm support 10, the diaphragm 12 is stretched over the diaphragm support 10 in a situation where a central part of the diaphragm is dented to be concave, and the concave is arranged to face the fixed electrode 20.

Abstract: An amplifier including an input stage, an output stage, an adjustable bias current generator and a level detector. The input stage may receive and amplify or buffer an input signal. The input stage may be biased by a first bias current. The output stage may supply an output signal to an amplifier load. The output stage may be biased with a second bias current. The adjustable bias current generator may be operatively coupled to the input stage and the output stage to supply these with the first and second bias currents, respectively. The level detector may be operatively coupled to the input signal and the adjustable bias current generator to control the first and second bias currents depending upon the input signal. The adjustable bias current generator may adjust the respective levels of first and second bias currents in opposite directions. Disclosed is an electroacoustical transducer incorporating the amplifier.

Abstract: A battery compartment for a condenser microphone includes a battery space configured to hold a battery; a battery outlet open to a portion of a peripheral wall of the battery space and allowing removal of the battery in the battery space; a lid covering the battery outlet; and a ribbon having one end portion fixed to an internal wall of the battery space and the other end portion disposed to be pulled out from the battery outlet and wrapping around an external periphery of the battery. The ribbon is conductive and the fixed end portion is grounded.

Abstract: A membrane pressure-sensitive switch includes a circuit board provided with an electrode pattern detecting electrical conductivity, a membrane having a conductive surface, and a spacer interposed between the membrane and the circuit board. The electrode pattern is surrounded by a ground pattern on the front surface of the circuit board. The ground pattern on the front surface is connected to another ground pattern on the rear surface of the circuit board. The spacer is composed of a conductive material. The conductive surface of the membrane, the ground pattern on the front surface of the circuit board, and the spacer are electrically conducted. The electrode pattern is disposed between the conductive surface of the membrane and the other ground pattern on the rear surface of the circuit board.

Abstract: A thermal acoustic speaker comprises a body and a thermoelectric converter. The body comprises a shell with at least one hole and a side with a sound hole. The shell defines a sound cavity in the body. The thermoelectric converter, disposed around at least a part of the shell, comprises a circuit and a conductive membrane and covers at least a part of the at least one hole. The circuit receives at least one electrical audio signal. The conductive membrane contacts a part of the circuit so that the thermoelectric converter heats air in the sound cavity to emit sound.

Abstract: An MEM microphone carrier module is composed of a substrate and a cover plate. The substrate includes a space layer, a bottom layer, a recession recessed from a top side of the space layer, and a groove formed in the recession. The bottom layer has a metallic plate defining a predetermined pattern and exposed outside a surface thereof. The bottom layer is a single-layer structure formed by the molding of the metallic plate and the insulating glue, such that the substrate is thinner to need lower production cost and take less assembly time than the prior art.

Abstract: An improved earphone transducer made of a first ring-shaped diaphragm covering the area of the earphone transducer perimeter to the transducer voice coil, and a second dome-shaped transducer covering the center space above the voice coil. The ring-shaped diaphragm and dome-shaped diaphragm have overlapping areas to facilitate integration into the transducer, and the dome shaped diaphragm has a surface anomaly at its apex to facilitate manufacture. The diaphragms are of differing thicknesses and/or hardness to produce a more dynamic sound response, and may also be made of different thermoplastic materials.

Abstract: An electroacoustic transducer includes a frame defining a hollow space, and an elastic member mounted on the frame. The elastic member includes a circular plane lamina and a plurality of elastic arms extending outwardly from a circumference of the circular plane lamina. A diaphragm includes a vibrating film mounted with the circular plane lamina, and an edge damper integrally formed with an outer periphery of the vibrating film. A voice coil is attached below the vibrating film and electrically connected to the circular plane lamina. At least two through holes are formed between an outer periphery of the circular plane lamina and an inner side of the voice coil for balancing the air pressure of the air below the diaphragm.

Abstract: It is expected to provide a display system, display control method and computer program for effectively outputting sound with plural display apparatuses in a two dimensional array. A control apparatus 2 is connected to a two dimensional array display apparatus unit made with display apparatuses 1, 1, . . . configuring a multivision system. A controlling unit 20 of the control apparatus 2 obtains position information for the display apparatus unit in the two dimensional array. Based on the position of each display apparatus 1 in the two dimensional array display apparatus unit, the controlling unit 20 decides the presence or absence of output sound and selects the channel for the output sound.

Abstract: A data storage system includes a network interface configurable to couple to a network for receiving data related to an acoustic environment from a device and a memory for storing a plurality of environmental filters. The data storage system further includes a processor coupled to the memory and the network interface, the processor configurable to analyze the data and selectively provide one or more of the plurality of environmental filters to the device based on the analysis of the data.

Abstract: A fitting device for fitting a hearing device to compensate for a hearing loss of a user is disclosed, the hearing device comprising a receiver and a microphone, wherein a feedback path exists between the receiver and the microphone, wherein the hearing device further comprises an adaptive feedback canceller configured to reduce feedback, the adaptive feedback canceller comprising a fixed filter corresponding to an invariant portion of the feedback path, and an adaptive filter corresponding to a variant portion of the feedback path, the fitting device comprising a processor configured to determine the invariant portion of the feedback path, wherein the processor is configured to provide the fixed filter with information relating to the invariant portion of the feedback path independently of the user using the hearing device.

Abstract: A deep-ear-canal hearing device is worn deep in the ear canal of a user. The hearing device is easy to produce and use, has a small overall size, and can be comfortably worn deep within the auditory canal, in particular in the bony part of the auditory canal as well. The hearing device has a housing, a signal-processing apparatus, and a receiver. The signal-processing apparatus is arranged within the housing. The receiver is merely arranged partly within the housing and another part is arranged outside of the housing. The receiver only being arranged partly within the housing, it is thus not completely surrounded by the housing. Hence, the housing can have a smaller configuration. In the region where the receiver is arranged outside of the housing, the double wall in the form of, the receiver wall and, the housing wall can be dispensed with, which helps in reducing the size.

Abstract: A miniaturized microphone maintaining the properties of a microphone chip and achieving a smaller mounting area. The microphone includes a package which includes a first and second member. At least one of the first second members includes a recess. The microphone also includes a circuit element installed on an inner surface of the first member. Additionally, the microphone includes a microphone chip arranged on a surface on an opposite side of an installing surface of the circuit element.

Abstract: There is provided a unidirectional condenser microphone unit in which reliable electromagnetic shieldability is provided for a rear acoustic terminal of a unit casing, an acousto-electric converter can be fixed in the unit casing by applying a proper stress, and the eccentricity among the constituent elements of the acousto-electric converter in the unit casing is made as small as possible. In the unidirectional condenser microphone unit in which a shield member 30 is put on the rear acoustic terminal 12 from the inside of the unit casing 10, the shield member 30 is formed with a large number of holes 32 for electromagnetic shield almost throughout the entire surface thereof, and consists of a metallic porous plate 31 having spring elasticity, which is put on the rear acoustic terminal 12 from the inside of the unit casing 10 in a state of being rounded into a cylindrical shape.

Abstract: A semiconductor device including a package formed by overlapping a cover and a substrate one over the other. A microphone chip is mounted on a top surface of a recess of the cover, and a circuit element is mounted on an upper surface of a recess of the substrate, where the microphone chip is positioned perpendicularly on the upper side of the circuit element. The microphone chip is connected to a bonding pad arranged on the lower surface of the cover by a bonding wire, the circuit element is connected to a bonding pad arranged on the upper surface of the substrate by a bonding wire, and a cover side joining portion conducted to the bonding pad on the lower surface of the cover and a substrate side joining portion conducted t to the bonding pad on the upper surface of the substrate are joined by a conductive material.

Abstract: A head tracking system (400) is proposed in the present invention that determines a rotation angle (300) of a head (100b) of a user (100) with respect to a reference direction (310), which is dependent on a movement of a user (100). Here the movement of a user should be understood as an act or process of moving including e.g. changes of place, position, or posture, such as e.g. lying down or sitting in a relaxation chair. The head tracking system according to the invention comprises a sensing device (410) for measuring a head movement to provide a measure (401) representing the head movement, and a processing circuit (420) for deriving the rotation angle of the head of the user with respect to the reference direction from the measure. The reference direction (310) used in the processing circuit (420) is dependent on the movement of the user.

Abstract: An earphone comprises a trumpet unit, a hollow shield, and a guide sound tube: the shield is hollow to receive the trumpet, has a sound chamber and an opening, and the opening inclines an acute angle from the trumpet unit; the guide sound tube is disposed at the opening with an end communicating with the sound chamber and another end extending to the opening. The earphone is capable of presenting the high and low pitches completely and providing a better sound quality by way of the acute angle between the opening and the trumpet unit.

Abstract: A frame has a diaphragm's edge attached thereto. An attachment member has a frame portion and a hook. The frame portion has a first plane to be bonded to a casing, and a second plane opposite to the first plane. The hook is supported by the frame portion and also opposite to the second plane with a gap interposed. The frame at the portion having the diaphragm's edge attached thereto is fitted into the gap. A securing member secures the edge and the second plane together.

Abstract: A frame has a notch having an opening at a side plane of the frame. A diaphragm is vibratably attached to one plane of the frame. A voice coil is attached to the diaphragm. A terminal is attached to the other plane of the frame. A lead is connected to the voice coil, drawn from one plane to the other plane through the notch, and connected to the terminal. One of intersection points at which a normal to the side plane that passes through the position of the lead in the notch and the side plane intersect that is closest to the opening and the lead in the notch are intervened therebetween by the frame.

Abstract: A speaker includes a yoke defining a receiving cavity therein, a first magnet received in the receiving cavity of the yoke, a second magnet received in the receiving cavity of the yoke and opposite to the first magnet, a first coil surrounding the first magnet, a second coil surrounding the second magnet, and a diaphragm drove to vibrate by both of the first coil and the second coil. A shape of the first coil is approximately a horse's hoof and defines a first linear side, a flexuous side and a pair of first arc sides coupled with two ends of the first linear side and two ends of the flexuous side.

Abstract: A speaker having a voice coil is disclosed. The voice coil includes two parallel main members and two linking members connecting the two main members for forming a closed loop, one of the linking member having at least a first part from a first circle having a first diameter, and at least a second part from a second circle having a second diameter greater than the first diameter.

Abstract: A software tool referred to as a “mailman” monitors certain folders on a network for new scanned documents. A user places a stamp on a document, then uses a digital copier to store the scanned document to one of the monitored folders on the network. When the mailman sees a new scanned document in one of the folders it is monitoring, the mailman retrieves the document, processes the document to determine the number on the stamp, queries a Post Office application for document processing instructions corresponding to the stamp number, performs any required processing of the document, then delivers the processed document to the Post Office. When the Post Office receives the processed document, the processed document is stored in a document repository in the Post Office, and is processed by the Post Office according to document processing instructions corresponding to the stamp number.

Abstract: A generic classifier is adapted to detect an object in a particular scene, wherein the particular scene was unknown when the classifier was trained with generic training data. A camera acquires a video of frames of the particular scene. A model of the particular scene model is constructed using the frames in the video. The classifier is applied to the model to select negative examples, and new negative examples are added to the training data while removing another set of existing negative examples from the training data based on an uncertainty measure;. Selected positive examples are also added to the training data and the classifier is retrained until a desired accuracy level is reached to obtain a scene specific classifier.

Abstract: A method for processing data includes receiving a depth map of a scene containing a humanoid form. The depth map is processed so as to identify three-dimensional (3D) connected components in the scene, each connected component including a set of the pixels that are mutually adjacent and have mutually-adjacent depth values. Separate, first and second connected components are identified as both belonging to the humanoid form, and a representation of the humanoid form is generated including both of the first and second connected components.

Abstract: A detection apparatus includes a housing, a circuit board, an image detection module, an ultrasonic detection module, and a connecting terminal. The image detection module includes a barrel, one or more lenses received in the barrel, and an image sensor configured to receive light through the lens and generate image signals. The image sensor is electrically connected to the circuit board. The ultrasonic detection module includes a piezoelectric member fixed to the housing to emit ultrasonic waves and receive reflected ultrasonic waves, and an ultrasonic control module operable to apply a voltage on the piezoelectric member, receive alternating voltages generated by the piezoelectric member, and generate voltage signals when receiving the voltages from the piezoelectric member. The ultrasonic control module is electrically connected to the piezoelectric member and the circuit board. The connecting terminal is electrically connected to the circuit board to output the image signals and the voltage signals.

Abstract: A method of automatically tracking and photographing a celestial object, includes inputting latitude information, photographing azimuth angle information and photographing elevation angle information of a photographic apparatus; inputting star map data of a certain range including data on a location of a celestial object from the latitude information, the photographing azimuth angle information and the photographing elevation angle information; calculating a deviation amount between a location of the celestial object that is imaged in a preliminary image obtained by the photographic apparatus and the location of the celestial object which is defined in the input star map data; correcting at least one of the photographing azimuth angle information and the photographing elevation angle information using the deviation amount; and performing a celestial-object auto-tracking photographing operation based on the corrected at least one of the photographing azimuth angle information and the photographing elevation an

Abstract: A mobile platform visually detects and/or tracks a target that includes a dynamically changing portion, or otherwise undesirable portion, using a feature dataset for the target that excludes the undesirable portion. The feature dataset is created by providing an image of the target and identifying the undesirable portion of the target. The identification of the undesirable portion may be automatic or by user selection. An image mask is generated for the undesirable portion. The image mask is used to exclude the undesirable portion in the creation of the feature dataset for the target. For example, the image mask may be overlaid on the image and features are extracted only from unmasked areas of the image of the target. Alternatively, features may be extracted from all areas of the image and the image mask used to remove features extracted from the undesirable portion.

Abstract: The invention concerns a traffic surveillance system that is used to detect and track vehicles in video taken of a road from a low mounted camera. The inventors have discovered that even in heavily occluded scenes, due to traffic density or the angle of low mounted cameras capturing the images, at least one horizontal edge of the windshield is least likely to be occluded for each individual vehicle in the image. Thus, it is an advantage of the invention that the direct detection of a windshield on its own can be used to detect a vehicle in a single image. Multiple models are projected (206) onto an image with reference to different points in the image. The probability of each point forming part of a windshield is determined based on a correlation of the horizontal edges in the image with the horizontal edges of the windshield model referenced at that point (220). This probability of neighbouring points is used to possible detect a vehicle in the image (224).