Abstract: This invention relates to the integration of ammonium carbonate leach processes with established acid and alkaline uranium leach processes as multifunctional industrial processes for the extraction, high degree purification and conversion of processed or semi-processed uranium as U3O8, UO2, or most tetra or hexa-valent forms of uranium, and where applicable, for the recovery of uranium from uranium ores, using advanced multiple stage membrane based technologies for the separation and concentration of uranium in solution from heavy metals and lighter elements that may be present in the solution, and the selective leach and precipitation properties of an ammonium carbonate leach.

Abstract: The method of producing soda ash and calcium chloride provides an environmentally friendly method of producing soda ash and calcium chloride without the production of waste and hazardous byproducts. The method of producing soda ash and calcium chloride is initiated with a volume of brine, which is ammoniated with gaseous ammonia to form ammoniated brine. Limestone is heated to produce calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. The ammoniated brine is reacted with the carbon dioxide to produce sodium bicarbonate, ammonium chloride and a brine effluent. The sodium bicarbonate is then calcined and decomposed to produce soda ash and gaseous carbon dioxide. The calcium oxide is reacted with the ammonium chloride to produce calcium chloride, water and ammonia. The ammonia is recycled to be used in the initial step of ammoniating the brine. The water and the brine effluent are also recycled and used to provide the brine in the initial step.

Abstract: A method for preparation of a getter material on the basis of intermetallic compounds of barium is described. The method comprises preparing a melt of a ternary mixture containing barium, metal and sodium; directionally solidifying the melt to produce a textured ingot; granulating the textured ingot, thereby obtaining granules having open-ended voids extending therethrough; and evaporating the sodium from the granules by applying a thermovacuum treatment to the granules. The textured ingot comprises a getter body made of intermetallic compounds of barium; and open-ended voids within the getter body.

Abstract: Methods and systems for reducing mercury emissions are provided herein. The methods, generally, include the steps of burning a heavy metal containing fuel source and introducing sorbent materials and introducing one or more halogen compounds into the combustion chamber and/or exhaust stream to remove the heavy metal.

Abstract: A process and an apparatus enhance urea utilization for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx, by controlled preparation and feed of gasified urea during combustor load variation. The concentration of NOx in the combustion gases and a required total gas flow necessary to supply an SCR reactor with NOx reducing and carrier gases are determined. Urea is gasified by gasification gases in a thermal gasification reactor. The resulting urea gasification products are mixed with carrier gases to provide an injection grid supply stream. Heating is reduced and flue gas enthalpy is efficiently used by controls utilizing monitoring the temperatures of gases fed to the thermal gasification reactor and of the stream of carrier gases.

Abstract: A catalyst structure suitable for use in an ammonia oxidation process is described including a plurality of shaped catalyst units supported on one or more members in a spaced relationship that allows the structure to flex.

Abstract: A process for the capture of sulfur dioxide from a gaseous stream utilizing a regenerable diamine absorbent comprising a diamine and a weak organic acid.

Abstract: A method for removing impurities from silicon includes A) providing metallic silicon having impurities, B) mixing the metallic silicon with at least one halogenated polysilane of Formula SiXn, where X is halogen, which may be partially replaced by hydrogen, and where 1<n<2.5, and C) heating the metallic silicon so that there is at least partly a reaction of the impurities with the at least one halogenated polysilane or with a decomposition product of the at least one halogenated polysilane, wherein C) may take place before, during and/or after B).

Abstract: A method of preparing a hydridohalosilane compound comprises treating a preformed metal silicide with a mixture comprising hydrogen gas and a silicon tetrahalide to prepare the hydridohalosilane compound.

Abstract: A method of producing silicon carbide is provided. The method includes heating a cured product of a curable silicone composition in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature exceeding 1,500° C. but not more than 2,600° C. The method is capable of producing high-purity silicon carbide simply and at a high degree of productivity, and is capable of simply producing a silicon carbide molded item having a desired shape and dimensions.

Abstract: Provided herein are systems and methods for producing ammonia fertilizer for culturing algae and aquaculture. The integrated systems provided herein can be installed on a hydrocarbon production platform and encompasses equipment and processes for generating electricity, preparation of an aqueous electrolyte, hydrogen generation by electrolysis, catalysis of ammonia formation, collection of ammonia, and optionally a nitrogen generator, and a plurality of subsystems for algae culture, and aquaculture.

Abstract: A method produces ammonia by reacting N2 with H2 to produce a low-temperature plasma discharge. The gas mixture in which the low temperature plasma discharge is produced can also contain a diluted inert gas and/or admixtures favoring the plasma discharge. Also, the reaction can take place in the presence of a catalyst.

Abstract: An ammonia plant is disclosed, where ammonia purge gas (20), is sent to a cryogenic recovery unit, said recovery unit comprising means of cooling (102, 202, 302, 402, 502) and a high-pressure phase separator (103, 203, 303, 403, 503) operating at loop pressure; inside said unit the purge gas (20) is cooled to a cryogenic temperature, and a partial liquefaction of methane and argon is achieved; the high-pressure phase separator separates the cooled stream into a gaseous stream and a bottom liquid; the gaseous stream is reheated in a passage of a heat exchanger; the unit is then capable to export a gaseous stream (123, 223, 323, 423, 523) containing nitrogen and hydrogen at loop pressure, that can be reintroduced at the suction side of the circulator (4) of the loop.

Abstract: Heterogeneous catalyst systems, methods of making these systems, and methods of using these systems, wherein catalytically active gold is deposited onto composite support media. The composite support media is formed by providing nanoporous material on at least a portion of the surfaces of carbonaceous host material. In representative embodiments, relatively fine, nanoporous guest particles are coated or otherwise provided on surfaces of relatively coarser activated carbon particles. Catalytically active gold may be deposited onto one or both of the guest or host materials either before or after the guest and host materials are combined to from the composite host material. PVD is the preferred catalyst system of depositing gold.

Abstract: A method for recovering carbon dioxide from acidified seawater using a membrane contactor and passing seawater with a pH less than or equal to 6 over the outside of a hollow fiber membrane tube while applying vacuum or a hydrogen sweep gas to the inside of the hollow fiber membrane tube, wherein up to 92% of the re-equilibrated [CO2]T is removed from the natural seawater.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods for production of nanostructures using a plasma generator. In an embodiment, a system for use with a reactor for synthesis of nanostructures may include a chamber defining a pathway for directing a fluid mixture for the synthesis of nanostructures through the chamber. The system may further include one or more heating zones disposed along the chamber to provide a temperature gradient in the chamber to form catalyst particles upon which nanostructures can be generated from the components of the fluid mixture. The system may also include a plasma generator for generating a plasma flame in a conduit through which the fluid mixture may be passed to decompose a carbon source in the fluid mixture into its constituent atoms before proceeding into the reactor for formation of nanostructures.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process for the production of catalysts for the production of carbon nanotubes in agglomerated form, which are characterised by a low bulk density. This invention likewise provides the catalysts, their use in the production of carbon nanotubes in high catalyst-specific yields, and the carbon nanotubes produced by this process.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a reactor (100) for manufacturing carbon black, said reactor (100) comprising flow guide means (110) provided between a fuel burner (106) and an air inlet (108) for altering the flow path of combustion air entering at the air inlet (108) to result in a better mixing between the fuel and the combustion air, thereby, producing higher temperature hot combustion gases which are subsequently received in a reaction chamber (104) where they react with a carbonaceous feedstock to produce carbon black. The reactor (100) of the present invention increases the carbon black production by 5-20%. Further, the positioning of the flow guide means (110) stabilizes the flame from the fuel burner (106) to maintain it along the reactor axis, thus, increasing the life of the refractory lining (114).

Abstract: Methods for production of carbon black using high temperature feedstock at temperatures exceeding about 300° C. with fouling control are provided. An apparatus for production of carbon black according to these methods also is provided.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of producing chlorine where it is possible to inhibit the degradation of a catalyst, the corrosion of an apparatus material caused by raw material hydrogen chloride and/or generated chlorine, and a runaway reaction by preventing hot spot generation in a catalyst layer, wherein the method includes a reaction of oxidizing hydrogen chloride in a gas containing the hydrogen chloride using a gas containing oxygen by a fixed bed reactor having a reaction region composed of a catalyst layer and the catalyst layer has an effective thermal conductivity of 0.30 W/(Km) or more, based on a catalyst-filled layer, measured at 350° C. in an air atmosphere.

Abstract: A film forming apparatus (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a first solution container (5A), a second solution container (5B), a reaction chamber (1), a first path (L1), and a second path (L2). The first solution container (5A) stores a source solution (10) containing metal. The second solution container (5B) stores hydrogen peroxide. A substrate (2) is disposed in the reaction chamber (1), and the reaction chamber (1) includes a heating unit (3) that heats the substrate. The first path (L1) supplies a source solution (11) from the first solution container (5A) to the reaction chamber (1). The second path (L2) supplies hydrogen peroxide from the second solution container (5B) to the reaction chamber (1).

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of Li4Ti5O12 by a novel, low-cost route from titanium tetrachloride. Material prepared by this new process has properties (such as purity, particle size and tap density) that are useful for good performance in a lithium ion battery.

Abstract: A method for production of hydrogen. In the method, an aqueous solution of a chalcogenoxanthylium compound, a catalyst and sacrificial electron donor are exposed to electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of from 400 nm to 850 nm. Exposure of the aqueous solution to the electromagnetic radiation results in production of hydrogen. Such a method can be used, for example, in dye-sensitized solar cell.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for producing hydrogen capable of easily obtaining hydrogen from water under lower temperature and pressure conditions as compared with a conventional method. Water, aluminium 76 and at least one of sodium bicarbonate or sodium carbonate are fed into a container 60. Water in the container 60 is heated to 60° C. or higher by a heating means 90. A large amount of hydrogen can be generated in the container 60 from the aluminium 76 and the water contained therein.

Abstract: The invention relates to liposomes for pulmonary application, advantageously comprising at least one first and at least one second phospholipid, cholesterol, and at least one active substance and/or colorant, wherein the first phospholipid is a phosphatidylcholine, preferably DSPC, and the second phospholipid is a phosphatidylcholine or an ethanolamine, preferably selected from the group DMPC, DPPC, DPPE. It is thereby advantageous if the first and the second phospholipid are present at a molar ratio of 0.5:1 to 10:1, preferably at a ratio of 6:1 to 2:1, in particular preferably at a ratio of 3:1. It is further advantageous if the molar ratio between phospholipids and cholesterol is between 10:1 and 1:1, preferably between 6:1 and 3:1, in particular preferably 4:1. The second phospholipid is further preferably DMPC or DPPE, in particular preferably DPPE. The size of the liposomes is advantageously between 0.05 ?m and 5 ?m, preferably between 0.2 ?m and 2.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fluorescent silica-based nanoparticle that allows for precise detection, characterization, monitoring and treatment of a disease such as cancer The nanoparticle has a fluorescent compound positioned within the nanoparticle, and has greater brightness and fluorescent quantum yield than the free fluorescent compound To facilitate efficient urinary excretion of the nanoparticle, it may be coated with an organic polymer, such as polyethylene glycol) (PEG) The small size of the nanoparticle, the silica base and the organic polymer coating minimizes the toxicity of the nanoparticle when administered in vivo The nanoparticle may further be conjugated to a ligand capable of binding to a cellular component associated with the specific cell type, such as a tumor marker A therapeutic agent may be attached to the nanoparticle Radionuclides/radiometals or paramagnetic ions may be conjugated to the nanoparticle to permit the nanoparticle to be detectable by various imaging techniques.

Abstract: The present invention features a polypeptide, such as an antibody produced by the hybridoma SAM-6 and its use in the treatment and diagnosis of neoplasms.

Abstract: The invention relates to transgenic non-human animals capable of producing high affinity human sequence antibodies. The invention is also directed to human sequence antibodies specific for human antigens, such as, human CD4. The invention is also directed to methods for producing human sequence antibodies.

Abstract: The present invention relates to alkylglycoside-containing compositions and methods for increasing the stability, reducing the aggregation and immunogenicity, increasing the biological activity, and reducing or preventing fibrillar formation of a peptide, polypeptide, or variant thereof, for example parathyroid hormone (PTH) or PTH analogs, amylin, a monoclonal antibody, insulin, Peptide T or analog thereof, gastrin, gastrin releasing peptides, gastrin releasing peptide-like (GRP) proteins, epidermal growth factor or analog thereof.

Abstract: Methods of making bispecific binding complexes and nanopolymers coupled to detection and/or therapeutic agents are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of using such bispecific binding complexes and nanopolymers for detecting and treating cells.

Abstract: Novel methods of synthesis of chelator-targeting ligand conjugates, compositions comprising such conjugates, and therapeutic and diagnostic applications of such conjugates are disclosed. The compositions include chelator-targeting ligand conjugates optionally chelated to one or more metal ions. Methods of synthesizing these compositions in high purity are also presented. Also disclosed are methods of imaging, treating and diagnosing disease in a subject using these novel compositions, such as methods of imaging a tumor within a subject and methods of diagnosing myocardial ischemia.

Abstract: A mechanism of monoamine oxidases (MAOs) driven epithelium-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for treating cancer by inhibiting or suppressing MAOs in cancer cells. Novel MAOs inhibitors, such as small molecules, siRNA, shRNA, antisense oligonucleotides, aptamers, decoys, and pharmaceutical compositions useful for treating cancer by disrupting the workings of MAOs are provided. In particular, a class of conjugates formed by covalently conjugating near infrared dye 783, IR-780, and MHI-148 to a MAO inhibitor, such as clorgyline, with and without encapsulation it in a nanoparticle is provided. Other aspects of the invention include methods for forming the nano-conjugates, method for monitoring treatment progress in a cancer patient by monitoring the changes in MAO activity, methods for screening patients who are at risk of cancer or differentiating different forms of cancer by assaying the level and location of MAO activity.

Abstract: Provided are an aptamer having an inhibitory activity on FGF2; a complex containing an aptamer having a binding activity or an inhibitory activity on FGF2, and a functional substance (e.g., affinity substance, labeling substance, enzyme, drug delivery vehicle, or drug and the like); a medicament, diagnostic reagent or label containing an aptamer having a binding activity or an inhibitory activity on FGF2, or a complex containing said aptamer and a functional substance; and the like.

Abstract: The present invention concerns medicaments for slowing ageing. The medicaments can include an inhibitor of microbial folate biosynthesis as well as agents capable of reducing folate uptake by an animal. Examples of such medicaments include inhibitors that reduce the activity of an enzyme in the folate biosynthesis pathway, such as sulfonamides including sulfamethoxazole. The invention also concerns a food supplement, additive, functional food, or nutraceutial comprising the inhibitor or agent or composition as discussed above, as well as methods for screening for an agent for use as a medicament for slowing ageing comprising determining whether a test agent inhibits microbial folate biosynthesis, or whether the test agent reduces folate uptake by a non-human animal.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for determining if an agent (i) treats or prevents cancer, (ii) treats or prevents obesity, and/or (iii) increases insulin sensitivity, comprising contacting Fyn and/or LKB1 with the agent and determining if the agent inhibits Fyn kinase activity or inhibits the interaction between Fyn and LKB1, wherein inhibition of Fyn kinase activity or inhibition of the interaction between Fyn and LKB1 by the agent indicates that the agent (i) treats or prevents cancer, (ii) treats or prevents obesity, and/or (iii) increases insulin sensitivity. The present invention also provides methods for treating cancer, treating obesity, or increasing insulin sensitivity in a subject, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an agent that inhibits Fyn kinase or that inhibits the interaction between Fyn and LKB1.

Abstract: Novel fluorescent dye comprising metal oxide nanoparticles are prepared where the nanoparticles are as small as 3 nm or up to 7000 nm in diameter and where the dye is bound within the metal oxide matrix. In some embodiments the invention, novel dyes are covalently attached to the matrix and in other embodiments of the invention a dye is coordinate or ionic bound within the metal oxide matrix. A method for preparing the novel covalently bondable modified fluorescent dyes is presented. A method to prepare silica comprising nanoparticles that are 3 to 8 nm in diameter is presented. In some embodiments, the fluorescent dye comprising metal oxide nanoparticles are further decorated with functionality for use as multimodal in vitro or in vivo imaging agents. In other embodiments of the invention, the fluorescent dye comprising metal oxide nanoparticles provide therapeutic activity and incorporated therapeutic temperature monitoring.

Abstract: Passivated semiconductor nanoparticles and methods for the fabrication and use of passivated semiconductor nanoparticles is provided herein.

Abstract: Compounds and methods are disclosed that are useful for noninvasive imaging in the near-infrared spectral range. The cyanine compounds of Formula I are presented: wherein Q is a portion of a polymethine bridge: Also included are bioconjugates of the compounds of Formula I, methods of labeling biomolecules with the compounds, and methods of imaging.

Abstract: The present application discloses compositions and methods of use of dye conjugated peptides for fluorescent detection, diagnosis and/or imaging. In preferred embodiments, the compositions comprise a DNL complex comprising an anti-hapten antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof conjugated to an AD moiety and a DDD moiety conjugated to an antibody or antigen-binding fragment thereof that binds to the target antigen, wherein two copies of the DDD moiety form a dimer that binds to the AD moiety to form the DNL complex. More preferably, the compositions comprise a targetable construct comprising at least one hapten and a fluorescent probe. Binding of the DNL complex to the target antigen and of the hapten on the targetable construct to the DNL complex results in fluorescent labeling of the target antigen. Most preferably, fluorescent imaging is of use in intraoperative, intraperitoneal, laparoscopic, endoscopic or intravascular procedures for detection of diseased tissues.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel compounds of dibenzylidene sorbitol ester type corresponding to the following formulae (I) and (II): in which: R, R? and R? represent a hydrogen atom or a —C(O)Y radical in which Y represents a C2-C25 hydrocarbon radical or an optionally substituted aryl radical; the R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R?1, R?2, R?3, R?4 and R?5 radicals represent a hydrogen atom; a C1-C18 alkyl radical; a C1-C18 alkoxy radical; a phenoxy radical; an optionally substituted phenyl radical; or a benzyl radical; the divalent radical A represents, in the formula (II), a C1-C52 hydrocarbon radical; an optionally substituted arylene radical; or a silicone radical. The invention also relates to their process of preparation, to their use in structuring lipophilic media, in particular oils, to the cosmetic or pharmaceutical compositions comprising them and to a cosmetic treatment method employing them.

Abstract: Methods of controlling the feeding and/or breeding behavior of a target insect are disclosed in which a host plant is provided a substantial distance from a plant of interest, chemical attractant that induces the target insect to lay eggs on the host plant is applied to the host plant, application of the chemical attractant to the host plant is repeated as required to induce residual target-insect populations to lay eggs on the host plant, and wherein the behavior is controlled when a substantial number of off-spring belonging to subsequent generations themselves mature and display a preference for laying eggs on the same type of host plant on which they were reared without further application of the chemical attractant is provided. Also disclosed are methods of deterring target insect feeding and breeding on plants of interest by applying toxic plant extract to the plants of interest.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a non-intravenous dosage for administration of a liquid biologically active agent. The dosage form contains a solid formulation of the liquid biologically active agent, e.g. propofol, in intimate association with at least one stabilizing agent, e.g. an amphiphilic polymer or surfactant. A liquid biologically active agent is converted to a solid product, e.g. a powder, that can be easily incorporated into a number of different non-intravenous dosage forms. Upon hydration, a nanodispersion or micelle loaded with the active agent is formed. The dosage form can provide a non-intravenous route of administration for active agents that are typically only administered intravenously. Methods, uses, kits and commercial packages related to the non-intravenous dosage form are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided herein is a pharmaceutical or oral care product for treating or preventing oral diseases that is prepared with proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) as an active ingredient, the preparing method thereof and the use thereof in manufacturing medicaments or oral care products for treating or preventing oral diseases and maintenance of oral health. PRG4 may have efficacy in maintaining oral health and treating or preventing oral disease. This secreted glycoprotein, which is also called lubricin and superficial zone protein, is known to protect against frictional forces, cell adhesion and protein deposition.

Abstract: The invention solves the problem of the practical realization of an effective prophylactic composition which uses available and safe components and which can be recommended for preventing the growth of candidiasis of the skin and/or mucous membranes in humans in the following risk group: sufferers of diabetes mellitus, people with blood diseases, immune deficiency and other serious pathologies, patents after a course of hormone therapy, antibiotic treatment or chemotherapy, as well as for babies and pregnant women; and for people using tooth implants. The composition for the prophylaxis of candidiasis comprises active components, with the active components used being xylitol in a quantity of 0.3-20.0% by mass and sodium or potassium alginate or a mixture thereof in a quantity of 0.01-2.0% by mass, as well as inert components.

Abstract: An oral care composition comprising a) an aqueous phase; b) stannous ions solvated in the aqueous phase; c) nitrates solvated in the aqueous phase; wherein the total content of said nitrates is such that the molar amount of nitrogen in the aqueous phase, measurable as nitrate, is less than 2 times the molar amount of solvated stannous ions; and d) a flavour substance, which is preferably solvated, dispersed or emulgated in the aqueous phase. Disclosed are also containers containing the composition; and processes and uses for stabilising stannous ions against oxidation, using nitrates.

Abstract: A teeth whitening dentifrice that enhances the shades of teeth with only a short application on the teeth. The dentifrice disrupts the surface tension between the teeth and the stains to provide with the aid of commonly known mechanical brushing and rising methods. 1 to 3 shades of whiter teeth. The toothpaste combines a non-polar solvent, a polar solvent, and a surfactant. An emulsion creates electrostatic interactions with the polar solvent and a reverse micelle to create a hydrophobic compound, which combines with the non-polar solvent to create a non-polar environment on the teeth. The polar solvent's strong electrostatic interactions in reverse micelles accelerate the removal of soluble material. The non-polar environment bonds with insoluble materials, such as extrinsic stains, to disrupt the surface tension between the teeth and the stain. Bleaching agents, thickeners, polishing agents, and other enhancers are mixed to the toothpaste to provide additional functions and characteristics.

Abstract: Regimen for the treatment of rosacea include the application of an anti-redness composition to at least a portion of the cleansed area of skin afflicted with rosacea. The regimen may include the application of one or more of a polymetal complex, a composition containing metronidazole, and/or a protective composition. Kits containing components useful in performing such regimens are also described.

Abstract: Cosmetic or dermatological preparations having an effective content of one or more thiazoles of the general formula

Abstract: Provided is an aqueous composition contained in a container, where water evaporation of the aqueous composition contained in a container is inhibited, and thereby the contents are prevented from solidifying or changing in properties. As a result, excellent long-term stability is obtained, and even when the container is a spray container or a pump container, the contents adhering to the discharge opening of the container is inhibited from drying, and thereby clogging can be prevented. The aqueous composition contained in a container contains the following components (A), (B), and (C): (A) a polyoxyethylene alkyl or alkenyl ether having an alkyl or alkenyl group having 20 to 24 carbon atoms and an average molar number of ethylene oxide added of 1.5 to 4, (B) a water-soluble polymer, and (C) water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of an ester in a reactor, a device, a process for the preparation of a thermoplastic composition comprising the ester prepared according to the invention, a process for the production of a shaped article comprising the ester according to the invention or the thermoplastic composition according to the invention, a process for the production of a packed product, a process for the production of an at least partly coated object, and uses of the esters according to the invention as an additive in various compositions.