Abstract: Apparatus and methods of treating a substrate with an amorphous semiconductor layer, or a semiconductor layer having small crystals, to form large crystals in the substrate are described. A treatment area of the substrate is identified and melted using a progressive melting process of delivering pulsed energy to the treatment area. The treatment area is then recrystallized using a progressive crystallization process of delivering pulsed energy to the area. The pulsed energy delivered during the progressive crystallization process is selected to convert the small crystals into large crystals as the melted material freezes.

Abstract: An improved system for making ice for recreational use. The system using water de-gassed by double filtration. The de-gassed water removes the insulator factor from ice that causes ice dehydration, makes it possible to operate with ice at a temperature 2-3° F. above that of existing recreational ice facilities while maintaining a high quality sheet of ice, produces an ice that is denser, more resilient to cuts and ruts and produces less snow development, all while lowering your energy consumption, permits ice to freeze faster and shows all painted lines and logos in the ice with greater clarity, and reduces carbon footprint, and benefits from decreased labour and refrigeration costs.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ternary composition comprising difluoromethane, 3,3,3-trifluoropropene and a hydrocarbon-derived compound containing at least two fluorine atoms and having a boiling point of between ?30 and ?18° C., which is selected from 1,1-difluoroethane, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. This composition is particularly suitable for use as a heat-transfer fund in the presence of countercurrent heat exchangers.

Abstract: A refrigeration system for a mobile unit includes a refrigeration loop (32), an air duct (70), a sensor (34) and a shock absorption unit (36). The refrigeration loop includes a compressor, a condenser, a refrigerant regulator and an evaporator (64). The air duct directs air from an air inlet to the evaporator, which air duct is defined by first and second panels. The sensor is disposed in the air duct. The shock absorption unit mounts the sensor to and provides a limited thermal conduction path between the sensor and the first panel (22).

Abstract: A defrost bypass dehumidifier includes an air flow path with first, second and third segments in series from upstream to downstream and passing ambient air respectively to an evaporator coil then to a condenser coil and then discharging same. The air flow path has a bypass segment passing ambient air to the evaporator coil in parallel with the noted first air flow path segment.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are configured for providing thermal comfort (i.e., climatic conditioning) within an interior space of a building structure in multiple climate zones including hot and humid climates using very low energy consumption. Multiple water vapor phase change cycles are provided within a period of time where only a single such water vapor phase change cycle would typically take place under naturally occurring ambient conditions. These multiple water vapor phase change cycles are generated through artificially creating conditions within a hygroscopic heat sink mass for promoting water vapor phase change cycle. Advantageously, in combination with such artificially promoted water vapor phase change cycles, embodiments of the present invention provide hygroscopic properties and heat sink masses made from materials that can adsorb and retain thermal energy and that exhibit water vapor sorption/desorption attributes commonly associated with compositions referred to as desiccants.

Abstract: The invention is a power plant cooling system comprising a direct contact condenser (11), a cooling tower (12) with at least one heat dissipating unit (13), a pipeline (15) and a cooling water pump (16) suitable for circulating cooling water between the direct contact condenser (11) and the heat dissipating unit (13), as well as a de-aerating structural component (14) defining a de-aerating space adjoining to the top of a flow space of the heat dissipating unit (13). The inventive cooling system comprises a means suitable for maintaining a vacuum in the de-aerating space. The invention also relates to a method for operating the cooling system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ternary composition comprising: from 5 to 50% of difluoromethane;—from 2 to 20% of pentafluoroethane; and—from 30 to 90% of tetrafluoropropeae. The tetrafluoropropeae may be 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene or 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. This composition can he used as a heat-transfer fluid in vapor compression circuit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ternary composition comprising difluoromethane, 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and a hydrocarbon-derived compound containing at least two fluorine atoms and having a boiling point of between ?30 and ?20° C., which is selected from 1,1-difluoroethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene. This composition is particularly suitable for use as a heat-transfer fluid in the presence of countercurrent heat exchangers.

Abstract: A method for operating a vapour compression system is disclosed. The vapour compression system comprises a compressor, a condenser, at least one expansion device, an evaporator, said evaporator comprising at least two evaporator paths arranged fluidly in parallel, and a distribution device arranged to distribute refrigerant among the evaporator paths. The method comprises the steps of obtaining at least two predefined distribution keys, each distribution key defining a distribution of available refrigerant among the evaporator paths, detecting one or more operational settings of the vapour compression system, selecting one of the at least two predefined distribution keys, based on said detected operational setting(s), and distributing refrigerant among the evaporator paths in accordance with the selected predefined distribution key.

Abstract: A refrigeration appliance includes a carcass having a coolable freezer compartment. A door leaf is hinged to the carcass and provided for opening and closing the freezer compartment. Disposed in the freezer compartment is an ice maker, which includes an ice production apparatus for producing ice cubes, an ice storage container for storing the ice cubes, an insulating housing, in which the ice production apparatus and the ice storage container are disposed, and which has a dispenser for dispensing ice cubes stored in the ice storage container, and a sealing apparatus for opening and closing the dispenser.

Abstract: An equipment control system for equipment such as a refrigeration device, its control device, and its control program are provided in which defrosting operation start time can be changed appropriately. The integrated controller controls a defrosting operation to remove frost adhered to the equipment, in which the defrosting operation is started at a fixed or varying time interval. The integrated controller stores past data based on required time for past defrosting operations for different environmental conditions. The integrated controller includes an environmental condition acquisition unit for obtaining environmental conditions; a database control unit for obtaining required time for a defrosting operation based on the past record data corresponding to the present environmental conditions from the stored past data; and a start time changing unit for changing start time of the present-round defrosting operation based on the obtained required time.

Abstract: An air-conditioner for a vehicle includes a vapor-compression refrigeration cycle, a determination unit and a controller. The refrigeration cycle includes a compressor, an inside condenser, an outside heat exchanger, and an inside evaporator. The refrigeration cycle is capable of operating an outside-air heat-absorption heating operation in which refrigerant absorbs heat at the outside heat exchanger and radiates heat at the inside condenser, and an inside-air heat-absorption heating operation in which refrigerant absorbs heat at the inside evaporator and radiates heat at the inside condenser. The determination unit determines whether or not the outside heat exchanger freezes. The controller changes over the outside-air heat-absorption heating operation to the inside-air heat-absorption heating operation when the determination unit determines that the outside heat exchanger freezes.

Abstract: An auxiliary ambient air refrigeration system for cooling and controlling humidity in an enclosure including a conventional refrigeration unit for providing cool refrigerated air to the enclosure, an auxiliary refrigeration unit for providing cool ambient air to the enclosure, a first sensor unit for sensing air temperature and humidity inside the enclosure, a second sensor unit for sensing ambient air temperature and humidity; and a controller responsive to the sensor units and their indicated dew points of the enclosure air and the ambient air for enabling the auxiliary refrigeration unit to provide cool ambient air to the enclosure when temperature inside the enclosure is above a first predetermined temperature, the ambient temperature is less than the enclosure temperature by a predetermined differential temperature and the dew point of the ambient air is matched to the dew point range of the air in the enclosure.

Abstract: An ice rink cooling facility 100 in which a cooling-pipe bank 1 having a plurality of cooling pipes 11 is arranged at the bottom part of the ice rink 10 and CO2 brine streams through the cooling pipe bank 1 so as to cool the ice rink 10, the ice rink cooling facility 100 including, but not limited to: at least one planar heat conduction member that is arranged on and over the cooling pipes 11; a CO2 circulation circuit 3 that is connected to the cooling pipes 11 so that the CO2 brine circulates in the CO2 circulation circuit 3; an ammonia refrigerating cycle in which an ammonia refrigerant circulates; and, a cascade condenser 211 in which the heat exchange is performed between the CO2 brine and the ammonia refrigerant so that the CO2 brine is cooled and re-liquefied by use of the ammonia refrigerant.

Abstract: An air conditioner for a vehicle includes a cycle switching device. The cycle switching device switches a refrigerant cycle between a heating circuit, in which refrigerant flows through a heating heat exchanger, and a cooling circuit, in which refrigerant flows through a cooling heat exchanger. The air conditioner further includes an air conditioning controller, which controls the cycle switching device and includes a defroster control portion. The defroster control portion increases a temperature of air blown into the vehicle compartment through a defroster air outlet by a predetermined degree while keeping the refrigerant cycle at a state of the heating circuit for a predetermined time, when a defrosting operation is commanded to be performed during the heating circuit.

Abstract: A heating/air-conditioning installation (IC) comprises a compressor (CP) capable of heating and pressurizing a refrigerant, an internal condenser (CDI) capable, in heating mode, of contributing towards the heating of an air known as interior air by exchange with the refrigerant coming from the compressor (CP), an external pressure reducer (DTE) capable, in heating mode, of cooling the refrigerant, and an external evaporator (EE) capable, in heating mode, of heating up the refrigerant coming from the external pressure reducer (DTE) by exchange of heat with an air known as exterior air to feed into the compressor (CP).

Abstract: In a one embodiment, a system includes an air conditioning unit having an enclosure, a heat exchanger disposed in the enclosure, and a plurality of louvers coupled to the enclosure. The plurality of louvers is configured to move between an open position and a closed position, and the closed position is configured to protect the heat exchanger from an environment external to the enclosure.

Abstract: Provided is an air conditioner. The air conditioner includes a compressor, a condenser, an expansion device, an evaporator, and a supercooling device configured to supercool a refrigerant passing through the condenser. The supercooling device includes a supercooling main body in which the refrigerant passing through the condenser and a refrigerant to be injected into the compressor are introduced, a first passage disposed within the supercooling main body so that the refrigerant passing through the condenser flows in one direction, a second passage disposed on a side of the first passage so that the refrigerant passing through the condenser flows in the other direction, and a third passage in which the refrigerant to be injected into the compressor flows, the third passage being heat-exchanged with at least one of the first and second passages.

Abstract: Insulated shipping container and method of making the same. In a preferred embodiment, the insulated shipping container includes an outer box, an insulated insert, an insulated cover, a payload container and a plurality of coolant members. The insulated insert is snugly, but removably, disposed within the outer box and is shaped to include a plurality of sides and a top. The top includes a raised peripheral edge and a recessed shelf. A large rectangular prismatic cavity surrounded by a plurality of smaller cavities extends downwardly from the recessed shelf. The large cavity of the insulated insert is adapted to receive a payload container. Each of the smaller cavities of the insulated insert has a “top hat” shape when viewed from above that includes a crown portion and a brim portion.

Abstract: A refrigerant cycle device includes a compressor, a using-side heat exchanger which heats a heat-exchange fluid by performing heat exchange between the heat-exchange fluid and high-pressure refrigerant flowing out of the compressor, an intermediate pressure passage through which intermediate-pressure gas refrigerant obtained by decompression of the high-pressure refrigerant flowing out of the using-side heat exchanger is introduced into a intermediate pressure port of the compressor, an exterior heat exchanger which evaporates low-pressure refrigerant obtained by decompression of the high-pressure refrigerant flowing out of the using-side heat exchanger and causes the evaporated refrigerant to flow toward a suction port of the compressor, and an auxiliary heater which heats the heat-exchange fluid before or at the same time as that the using-side heat exchanger heats the heat-exchange fluid.

Abstract: A refrigerating circuit for use in a motor vehicle has a refrigerant compressor (8) connected on the output side to a pressure line (4) and on the input side to a suction line (6). The refrigerating circuit has at least one condenser (10), at least one regulated expansion valve (14), at least one evaporator (16) and at least one inner heat exchanger (12). The regulated expansion valve (14) has a temperature tE in a detection zone (20) of the suction line (6) as a controlled variable. The detection zone (20) for the regulated expansion valve (14) is arranged at the output of the inner heat exchanger (12).

Abstract: Provided is an air conditioner. The air conditioner includes a compressor, a condenser, a super cooling device, and an evaporator. The super cooling device includes: a first flow passage disposed in the super cooling device to guide the refrigerant coming from the condenser toward the evaporator; and a second flow passage located in the super cooling device for exchanging heat with the first flow passage and guiding the refrigerant toward the compressor. One of the first and second flow passage includes: a distribution part configured to divide a flow of the refrigerant; and an inner tube connected to the distribution part. A stream of the refrigerant flowing in the first flow passage exchanges heat with a stream of the refrigerant flowing in the second flow passage while using an outer surface area of the inner tube as a heat exchange area.

Abstract: Provided is an air conditioner. The air conditioner including a compressor for compressing a refrigerant, a condenser for condensing the refrigerant compressed by the compressor, a phase separator for separating a gaseous refrigerant from the refrigerant passing through the condenser, and an evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant passing through the phase separator includes an inflow part provided in the phase separator to introduce the refrigerant into the phase separator, a gas separation part configured to discharge the gaseous refrigerant separated by the phase separator, an injection passage configured to inject the refrigerant discharged from the phase separator into the compressor, and an internal heat-exchanger provided within the phase separator to heat-exchange a refrigerant therein with the refrigerant introduced through the inflow part.

Abstract: A distributor device is provided for distributing liquid to tubes of a vertical tube-bundle apparatus that open out into an upper tube sheet. The distributor device includes a plurality of outlet openings that are directed downward. For improved liquid guidance, construction, and operation of the tube-bundle apparatus, the distributor device additionally includes laterally directed outlet openings. The tube-bundle apparatus includes a shell and a hood closing the shell at the top and a tube bundle arranged within the shell. The tube-bundle includes tubes opening out into an upper tube sheet and a distributor device arranged above the upper tube sheet, within the hood, for distributing liquid to the tubes.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide gas recovery device is provided which includes an absorption tower causing an absorbent to absorb carbon dioxide gas to generate a rich absorbent and a regeneration tower regenerating a lean absorbent by heating the rich absorbent to separate carbon dioxide gas therefrom. The regeneration tower includes a reboiler system heating the absorbent led out from the regeneration tower and reintroducing the heated absorbent into the regeneration tower and a mixed gas cooling system cooling a mixed gas led out from the regeneration tower, condensing a vapor fraction of a solute and a solvent, reintroducing the condensed vapor fraction into the regeneration tower, and discharging carbon dioxide gas. The carbon dioxide gas recovery device further includes a heat pump as a heat source of an endothermic reaction in which carbon dioxide gas is separated from the rich absorbent in the regeneration tower.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a method and system for preventing carry-over of C2+ hydrocarbon mist from an NGL recovery column in an LNG plant. A wash loop of recirculating liquid hydrocarbon is provided at the upper portion of the NGL column. A sidestream of liquid hydrocarbons collected within the column is removed from the column and pumped to sufficient height to be returned to the column at a temperature substantially equivalent to the temperature of liquid with the upper portion of the column. In one embodiment, liquid hydrocarbons of a desired composition can be loaded and reloaded to a working medium holding drum in fluid communication with the top of the column. The working medium can be selected to be sufficiently heavy not to be lost from the column and to have a suitable freezing point to avoid freezing within the column.

Abstract: A vibrating body jewelry item to be attached to either a pierced and unpierced body part of the user. Including a housing having a first and second section designed to create a cavity therein, with a power source, positioned within the cavity; a vibrating motor unit, coupled to the power source, and positioned within the cavity; and a control device, positioned within the cavity, coupled to the vibrating motor unit to control thereof, and coupled to the power source to receive power therefrom, having a signal receiving unit to receive control signals to turn on and off the vibrating motor unit. Wherein there is an attachment device, designed to couple the housing to the user. There is also an actuating device, remote from the housing, designed to send a signal to the signal receiving unit to activate and deactivate the vibrating motor.

Abstract: A piece of jewelry is provided having at least one restrictive chain and at least one connecting chain. A protection device is connected to the at least one restrictive chain and the at least one connecting chain. A base of the protection device is attached to the at least one restrictive chain. A prong extends from the base for defending against an attacker. A cap of the protection device is attached to the at least one connecting chain. The cap is removeably attached to the base to conceal the prong and join the at least one restrictive chain and the at least one connecting chain.

Abstract: A molded silicone rubber bracelet having a plurality (preferably three) specially-formed receptacles for seating and retaining the same number of play-value tokens in a convenient manner for trading and/or playing games. The tokens bear different graphic indicia but all have a uniform size and circular (or alternately-shaped) two-tier cross-section that allows them to be held captive in three outwardly-disposed and uniformly-spaced receptacles in the bracelet in tongue-in-groove manner. Since the tokens are easily removable/replacable/tradable, they can be traded at will for other tokens and/or used for playing a game. The token-carrying functionality of the bracelet coupled with its ornamental token-displaying appearance capitalizes on the popularity of conventional rubber wristbands as well as social trading interaction, resulting in great appeal to teens and youth.

Abstract: A piece of jewelry is provided having a chain and a cap attached to the chain. A base is joined to the cap. A plurality of extensions are positioned within the base and nested within one another. An inner most extension is removably joined to the cap so that cap secures the inner most extension while the plurality of extensions telescopically extend when pulled away from the cap. The inner most extension detaches from the cap when the plurality of extensions are fully extended.

Abstract: A watchband link includes a moulded plastics upper part having first snap-engagement means. The upper part is formed of light-transmissive plastics material. A moulded plastics lower part has second snap-engagement means cooperative with those of the first snap-engagement means to secure the upper part and lower part together. The lower part has features of shape that are visible through the upper part.

Abstract: The instant application discloses, among other things, a specific set of cutting proportions tailored for the optical characteristics of Silicon Carbide (“SiC”) which may produce a “Hearts & Arrows” reflection pattern.

Abstract: A crystal growth furnace is disclosed herein and includes a top cover, a body and a bottom portion. The top cover is configured to be moved by a top cover shifting mechanism. The body is configured to be moved vertically by a body shifting mechanism. The bottom portion is configured to be moved from the bottom of the crystal growth furnace by a bottom portion shifting mechanism and used to carry a crucible. When the top cover, the body and the bottom portion are connected together to be the crystal growth furnace, a silicon material disposed within the crucible is grown to be an ingot.

Abstract: A fabric (30) is adapted for covering at least partially a ring for quenching glass which has been bent. The fabric (30) comprises at least three strips (32, 34, 36): a strip (32) of a high-density knitted structure for quenching the glass and two strips (34, 36) of a lower density structure for attaching the fabric (30) to the ring.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a fiber guide that can be used to feed delicate fibers into a machine, for example, the feeding of hollow fibers into a knitting machine. The disclosed guide utilizes dynamic friction and provides for horizontal and front-to-back positioning of the delicate fiber, keeping the delicate fiber vertically aligned while being fed into a machine. Utilizing dynamic friction and maintaining vertical alignment prevents damage to the delicate fiber. The guide also provides for the delicate fiber to be fed from a plurality of overhead angles from a feeding mechanism.

Abstract: A circular knitting machine and a method for knitting an article with such a circular knitting machine, wherein the article is at least partially knitting by a reciprocating rotational movement of a needle cylinder in a forward direction and a backward direction. Needle elements are either being moved in axial direction of the needle cylinder by a stationary cam means according to a predetermined path of a stationary cam means or being moved in axial direction of the needle cylinder by a movable cam according to an amended path or being disengaged from the cam means and movable cam. The movement of each needle element near each movable cam can be individually controlled.

Abstract: A washing machine includes a washing machine housing having electrical conducting properties and having an earth connection portion, a leaked water tub having electrical insulating properties and installed in a bottom part of the washing machine housing for accumulating leaked water, an electrode for detecting presence or absence of the leaked water in the leaked water tub, a leaked water detection circuit connected to the electrode, the leaked water detection circuit having an electrical insulating function, a retaining member having electrical insulating properties and retaining the electrode, and an attachment member having electrical conducting properties and attaching the electrode to the washing machine housing via the retaining member. The attachment member is electrically connected to the washing machine housing. In the leaked water tub, a lowest end of the attachment member is positioned on the lower side of a lowest end of the electrode. Thereby, a safe and inexpensive washing machine is realized.

Abstract: A washing machine capable of protecting a water seal to prevent foreign substance from being stuck or accumulated inside the water seal, so that the water seal is prevented from being worn out. The washing machine includes a tub configured to accommodate wash water, a rotary tub rotatably installed inside the tub, a pulsator rotatably disposed inside the rotary tub, a driving shaft connected to the rotary tub and the pulsator, a support member installed on the driving shaft, a water seal installed between the driving shaft and the tub, and a protection member provided between the support member and the water seal to prevent foreign substance from being introduced into the water seal.

Abstract: A method of detecting weight of laundry contained in a washing machine. A calibration mode is provided that is performed separately from a washing mode such that a detection error of the weight of laundry, which occurs due to external environment factors, is calibrated when the weight of laundry is detected using a motor. The calibration mode is provided to find the weight detection offset data of the washing machine based on external environment factors, and to store the weight detection offset data found. When the weight of laundry is detected in a next washing mode, the weight of laundry is calibrated by use of the weight detection offset data of the washing machine, so that the weight of laundry accommodated in the washing machine is precisely detected.

Abstract: A brushless motor for washing machine of this invention is a motor suitable for application to a drum-type washing machine. The brushless motor for washing machine comprises a stator and a rotor. The stator includes a mounting section for fixing to a water tub, a stator core, a winding and a winding insulation material. The rotor includes a motor pulley for connection to a belt, a rotatably supported motor shaft, a rotor core and a magnet. At least one of the stator and the rotor has a mold portion formed of a resin material.

Abstract: Handcuffs characterized by a single locking head/single strap support receiving a single handcuff strap. The single locking head/single strap support includes a manually movable locking member which includes locking member ratchets for engagement with the strap ratchets. With one embodiment of the single-strap handcuff apparatus of the invention, a two-link chain of single-strap handcuff apparatuses is formed. With another embodiment of the single-strap handcuff apparatus of the invention, a three-link chain of single-strap handcuff apparatuses is formed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an electronic combination lock mainly characterized by miniature size and easy-to-use electronic identification access-gaining method that enables a vast variety and type of access codes for user setting and choice. Another battery operated electronic key unit, incorporated with programmed access code to provide as an alternative choice for locking, unlocking and backup power, can be used in conjunction with the electronic combination lock.

Abstract: A combination lock with retracing combination includes a body, a shackle, a stick, a pivot set, a core, a plurality of sleeves and a plurality of code discs. When users rotate the core with a calibration key and rotate the code discs until the code discs is positioned, the combination digits of the code discs exposed out of the body is the correct combination digits. Therefore, if the users forget the correct combination digits, the users can retrace the correct combination digits via the calibration key inserted into the core.

Abstract: A lock assembly (20) adapted for handing. The lock assembly (20) includes a housing, a lock bolt (34), a first hub, (42) a locking bar (74) and a first hub locker (70). The lock bolt (34) is movable between a latching position and an unlatching position. The first hub (42) is adapted to move the lock bolt (34) in response to movement of a first handle. The locking bar (74) is movable between an advanced position and a withdrawn position. The first hub locker (70) is releasably engageable with the locking bar (74) at either of a first position or a second position relative to the locking bar (74). The first hub locker (70) retains its position relative to the housing (21) whilst being released from engagement with the locking bar (74) at one of the first position or the second position, thereby allowing movement of the locking bar (74) relative to the housing (21) and to the first hub locker (70) for engagement of the first hub locker (70) at the other of the first position or the second position.

Abstract: This invention relates to a coating composition for a fertilizer comprising at least 50 wt % of a cross-linked lipid; and less than 0.20 wt %, relative to the total weight of the lipid, of a catalyst for cross-linking an unsaturated lipid. The cross-linked lipid has a viscosity at 20 degree Celsius (° C.) in the range of 110 and 800 mPa·s.

Abstract: A composition based on lime comprising at least one mineral agent consisting of slaked lime in the solid phase and of an organic polymer incorporated into said solid phase, a method for its making and the use for its application in the treatment of water and sludge, in particular for conditioning sludge before dewatering.

Abstract: A tubular element extending along a central axis, which element comprises at least one locally deformed part, is formed by means of a hydroforming process. A tube is positioned in a die comprising at least two die parts. Subsequently a hydraulic pressure is applied to the inside of the tube, as a result of which at least a part of the tube present in a cavity defined by the die parts is locally deformed. The die parts defining the cavity are axially moved toward each other upon formation of the locally deformed parts, thereby reducing the dimension of the cavity.

Abstract: A tool unit of a rotary swaging machine (1) has a tool space (9) in which there are provided a plurality of shaping swaging tools for processing a workpiece (5) which can be introduced into the tool space (9), and a front cover (13) by means of which the tool space (9) can be at least partially covered at a tool space side (14). The front cover (13), in order to change shaping swaging tools, can be moved into at least one position in which the front cover (13) releases the tool space (9) for removal or insertion of shaping swaging tools at the tool space side (14). Ease of handling when tools are changed is achieved by there being provided a front cover locking mechanism (20) which is provided with an actuation device (26) and by means of which the front cover (13) can be locked in a position in which the front cover (13) at least partially covers the tool space (9) at the tool space side (14).

Abstract: A method of forming a groove in a pipe element by spin forming wherein the pipe element is pinched between an arbor revolving in an eccentric orbit of expanding diameter within the pipe element and an outer die which captures the pipe element. The pinching action causes a portion of the pipe element to move radially inwardly away from the die contrary to the direction of the motion of the arbor.