Abstract: The invention relates to a novel screw tensioning device with a screw tensioning cylinder with a high-pressure hydraulic pump for pretensioning screws and loosening extremely secure pretensable screw connections and an accompanying control method. The problem is to create a screw tensioning device that can generate high tensioning forces, that requires less energy, that can be used for all usage locations without problems, that can be easily controlled and that makes precisely controlled pretensioning possible. A high-pressure hydraulic pump 39 is integrated into the interior of the screw tensioning cylinder 38 in accordance with the invention. This high-pressure pump 39 is connected to a sealed hydraulic accumulator 42. A drive unit 40 that can be pneumatically actuated is arranged on or in the screw tensioning cylinder 38. The drive unit 40 can be designed on the constructional basis of a diaphragm cylinder 42 or on the basis of a piston cylinder.

Abstract: A controlled force drive element, for use with a rotational power tool, including a spring loaded drive line that exerts a preselected force on a fastener engaged by a drive head as the drive head rotates and advances the fastener. The drive element includes a primary drive body including a chuck connector to join with a chuck of a tool, an optional secondary drive body, a tool bit and a biasing element. The secondary body and tool bit are reciprocally joined with the primary drive body. A biasing element is joined with the primary drive body and/or the tool bit, and configured to compress under a force as the drive head engages the fastener to allow the tool bit and the drive head to retract toward the primary drive body. The biasing element is disposed along the spring loaded drive line between the chuck connector and the drive head.

Abstract: A machine tool tier machining a bar-shaped workpiece loaded in a first orientation includes first and second chucks, first and second driving parts, a machining tool and a control part. Each of the first and second chucks has a workpiece drop opening that opens toward the outside in a radial direction from a middle portion of the first or second chuck. The first and second driving parts are respectively provided to rotate the first and second chucks. The machining tool is configured to machine the workpiece clamped by at least one of the first and second chucks. The control part is configured to control clamping of the workpiece by the first and second chucks and to control rotation angles of the first and second chucks by the first and second driving parts to change an orientation of the workpiece from the first orientation to a second orientation.

Abstract: A carriage is moved in a direction including a Y axis component in order to move a turning process tool that is attached to a tool spindle along a horizontal line that is perpendicular to a Z axis, and thus, a turning process is carried out on a workpiece which is attached to a workpiece spindle.

Abstract: A carriage is moved in a direction including a Y axis component in order to move a turning process tool that is attached to a tool spindle along a horizontal line that is perpendicular to a Z axis, and thus, a turning process is carried out on a workpiece which is attached to a workpiece spindle.

Abstract: Multispindle lathe comprising a machine frame (12), a spindle drum (14) which is arranged in the machine frame (12), is rotatable about a spindle drum axis (16) and is made up at least partially of segments (80) which are cut out from flat material in a stacking direction (82) parallel to the spindle drum axis (16) and extend in stacking planes (88) transverse to the stacking direction (82), these segments having receiving cutouts (90) and cooling channel cutouts (92, 96, 106) which overlap with one another such that the spindle drum (14) has spindle motor receptacles (30) for spindle motors (32) and a cooling channel system (120, 130, 180) separated therefrom by wall webs (98), characterized in that the cooling channel system has several channel subsystems (120, 130, 180) for a liquid cooling medium which are fed in parallel.

Abstract: A carriage is moved in a direction including a Y axis component in order to move a turning process tool that is attached to a tool spindle along a horizontal line that is perpendicular to a Z axis, and thus, a turning process is carried out on a workpiece which is attached to a workpiece spindle.

Abstract: A rotating blade having a blade edge that has a sloped surface to become gradually narrower in a blade thickness direction outward along a radial direction is inclined about an axis along a thickness direction of the substrate toward a substrate at a cutting angle, and an excess portion of a module is cut off by relatively moving at least one of the rotating blade and the module in a cutting direction along an end face of the substrate while the rotating blade is being rotated in one direction.

Abstract: A dispenser for dispensing a selectable amount of material from an amount of stored material. The dispenser includes a housing having a material track and material storage area, a material-advancement mechanism disposed within said housing, a material-cutting, mechanism, and an actuator. The actuator has a first end being operatively engaged with said first mechanism and an opposing second opposing end being operatively engaged with said second mechanism. The actuator is spring-biased to a non-compressed position via at least first and second springs and is also selectably shiftable to a selectable, material-advancement position and a selectable, material-cutting position.

Abstract: An apparatus for perforating a length of pierceable material which includes a first roller, the length of pierceable material being in engagement with and at least partially circumscribing said first roller; and a second roller disposed in close proximity to the first roller. The second roller, which is provided with a plurality of piercing members, is movable from a first position wherein the piercing members are spaced apart from the first roller to a second position wherein selected ones of the piercing members pierce the length of pierceable material. Uniquely, the first roller has a plurality of transversely spaced grooves that receive the extremities of the piercing members when the first roller is in the second position.

Abstract: A rotary knife fixture for cutting vegetable products such as raw potatoes into spiral shapes. The knife fixture includes a ring-shaped blade holder driven rotatably within a hydraulic product flow path. The blade holder includes at least one cutting blade, wherein the blade is twisted from a generally longitudinally aligned center axis outwardly in opposite circumferential directions with a sharpened leading edge set at a desired pitch angle. By controlling the pitch angle of the blade in relation to the blade rotational speed and velocity at which the potato travels along the hydraulic flow path, the resultant spiral cut shape is selected. By using multiple cutting blades at known axially spaced positions and selecting the angular position of each cutting blade in succession, the number of spiral shapes cut from each potato is selected. The blades can have a nontextured straight-cut edge, or a textured crinkle-cut edge, or a combination.

Abstract: A food slicer has a deck defining a food prep surface and a blade oriented laterally across the deck. The blade has a cutting edge exposed on the food prep surface. The blade can divide the deck into a pre-slice deck and a post-slice deck. An elevation of the pre-slice deck can be user adjustable relative to the position of the cutting edge to selectively adjust a slice thickness produced by the food slicer. The food slicer can also have a safety mechanism with a blade guard positioned adjacent the cutting edge. The blade guard is movable between a blocking position blocking the cutting edge and a slicing position exposing the cutting edge.

Abstract: A cutting device includes a table for placing thereon a workpiece. A tool unit supports a cutting tool and is laterally tiltably supported on the table, so that the rotational axis of the cutting tool can be inclined relative to a horizontal direction. A positioning device includes a first positioning member and a second positioning member that can interact with each other to position the tool unit at a plurality of laterally tilted positions. At least one of the first and second positioning members can be moved to change the laterally tilted position positionable by the positioning device.

Abstract: The bass drum pedal assembly includes a first connector, mounted on a shaft driven by a drum pedal; a second connector, engaging with the first connector, and coupled to a universal joint which links a connecting rod; and a positioning mechanism, comprising a central positioning member, an elastic member and a pin. The elastic member is put around the central positioning member to make the central positioning member elastically slidably disposed in a central hole of the first connector. The pin is inserted into a through hole at a lateral side of the first connector to press the central positioning member and the elastic member so that the central positioning member is elastically inserted in central holes of the first connector and the second connector.

Abstract: A system for aiding in the teaching and playing of stringed instruments, allowing for easily understood, non-descript reference points. The system is a decal or series of decals or other printed thin attachable strips, depicting the notes on a given string corresponding to given fingering position. The decals are placed on the back of the neck near the top, or nut, allowing the player a clear view of the notes from a natural playing position, rather than having to look at the front of the fingerboard as in current systems. In a particular embodiment the printed notes correspond to the fret positions on a fretted instrument such as a guitar, or bass.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include systems and methods for inferential generation of virtual sequencer controls in a MIDI sequencer to automate functionality of physical or virtual controls of MIDI instruments. MIDI source data from a song or a live feed is analyzed to determine a sequence of MIDI control commands from which a set of virtual sequencer controls can be automatically inferred without manual generation or configuration of the virtual control. The virtual sequencer controls are generated to automate a corresponding MIDI instrument control. Some embodiments provide functionality, including generation and handling of clone controls, use of virtual sequencer controls as slave and/or translation controls, and handling of after-click control information through a virtual synthesizers and the like.

Abstract: A capacitive reactive armor assembly for shielding a vehicle is disclosed herein. The capacitive reactive armor includes, but is not limited to, a first flyer plate, a second flyer plate, and a capacitor positioned between the first flyer plate and the second flyer plate. The capacitor is configured to store an electric charge and to explosively short circuit when the capacitor is penetrated while the capacitor is electrically charged. The explosive release of energy from the capacitor pushes the first and second flyer plates apart interfering with the penetration of a shaped charge jet or ballistic penetrator.

Abstract: A sealing system for a high pressure pump, in which the pump includes a vessel defining a vessel bore and having an end portion, the vessel bore having a first engagement face and defining a central longitudinal axis, and in which the pump further includes a plunger cooperative with the vessel to increase the pressure of a fluid within the bore, includes a seal member at least partially received within the bore and defining a second engagement face. The sealing system further includes a retaining member in operative contact with the seal member to mate the first engagement face with the second engagement face to inhibit fluid leakage from the bore. The first engagement face includes a first contacting surface having a non-linear cross-section. The second engagement face includes a second contacting surface having a non-linear cross-section in contact with the first contacting surface.

Abstract: A pump cylinder housing has a hollow cylinder and an end-side cover part, a threaded sleeve may be fixed on the outside of the hollow cylinder, at least three radially outward projections are connected to and distributed on the cover part periphery to the cover part and at least partly pass through recesses of the threaded sleeve. A union nut may be screwed onto the threaded sleeve so that the projections project radially out of the threaded sleeve and bear on an end side of the union nut. The cylinder housing may be assembled by in a simple manner so that the cylinder housing and the cover part may be connected to one another in an exactly colinear and centred manner and thereby may be reliably sealed. The cylinder cover may thereby be positioned in an infinite radial position on the cylinder.

Abstract: In a reclaiming apparatus (106) that includes an airtight container (106a) as an absorbent storing unit that stores a part of an absorbent that absorbs CO2 included in an exhaust gas and a heating unit that heats the absorbent stored in the airtight container (106a), a part of the absorbent stored in the airtight container (106a) is distributed, and a gaseous body is brought into counterflow contact with the absorbent that is distributed. As a result, since the gaseous body is brought into counterflow contact with a part of the absorbent stored in the absorbent storing unit, an absorbent component volatilizes and is separated from a degraded material, and the absorbent component can be extracted from the degraded material, whereby a loss of the absorbent can be reduced.

Abstract: A water-proof air-permeable filter (1) includes: a resin film (2) having formed therein a plurality of through pores (21); a treated layer (3) having hydrophobicity and oil repellency, and formed on at least one of both surfaces in the thickness direction of the resin film (2) such that the treated layer (3) has openings (31) at positions corresponding to the through pores (21); and a loop-shaped double-sided tape (4) stuck to an edge region of one of both surfaces in the thickness direction of the resin film (2), with the treated layer (3) interposed therebetween.

Abstract: A device comprises a desorber unit having a carrier arrangement with an inlet and an outlet for the liquid mixture, wherein the cant-lien arrangement is designed such that the liquid mixture can be guided between inlet and outlet via a number of carriers, e.g., profiles, tubes or pipes, and form a flowing liquid film on the surface of the carriers, and a gas control with a gas inlet and a gas outlet, between which the gas can sweep past the liquid film, such that the at least one volatile substance can pass over from the liquid mixture into the gas. A condensation unit with a gas inlet connects to the gas outlet of the desorber unit. A heat exchanger cools gas passed through it, which comes from the desorber unit, such that the at least one volatile substance can be condensed from the gas. A fan is incorporated into a gas connection between the desorber unit and the condensation unit such that a gas stream through the device can be produced.

Abstract: A liquid phase separator assembly permits the separation of a high pressure gas phase from a liquid phase through a controlled expansion of the gas phase with the successful agglomeration and separation of the liquid phase all within a single unit. This complete separation of the gas phase facilitates the removal of the gas by venting. The complete separation of the liquid phase optimizes the solvent recovery/cleaning by processing the liquid phase through an engineered media. The liquid phase separator assembly incorporates an internal chamber for decompression and separation as well as for containing a media for purifying the liquid phase, thus reducing overall cost and complexity.

Abstract: A system for conditioning air flow to a gas turbine includes a filter housing and a conditioning media inside the filter housing to adjust the temperature of the air flowing through the filter housing. At least one of a depth or a density of the conditioning media varies across the filter housing. A method for conditioning air flow to a gas turbine includes flowing air through a filter housing connected to the gas turbine and flowing the air across a conditioning media in the filter housing. The method further includes conditioning the air flow to reduce the temperature difference of the air exiting the filter housing across a dimension of the filter housing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an air dryer cartridge designated for an air dryer of a utility vehicle. The air dryer cartridge comprises a supporting element. At least one spring is interposed between a supporting element and a pressing element for a desiccant. The supporting element is movable with respect to a housing of the air dryer cartridge. The supporting element is freely accessible from the outside of said air dryer cartridge. The present invention in particular provides the option to use the at least one spring both for pressing the desiccant as well as for clamping the air dryer cartridge in an air dryer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a dry CO2 capturing device with improved energy efficiency, which utilizes a difference in temperature between a regeneration operation of isolating CO2 from an sorbent containing CO2 absorbed therein and a pre-treatment operation of allowing H2O to be adsorbed to CO2. The dry carbon dioxide (CO2) capturing device, includes a recovery reactor for recovering CO2, a recovery cyclone for discharging a gas while separating the CO2-captured solid sorbent only, a regenerator for receiving the CO2-captured solid sorbent and separating CO2 captured in the solid sorbent, and a pre-treatment reactor for cooling the solid sorbent free from CO2, wherein a first heat exchanger is provided between the recovery cyclone and the regenerator to pass the CO2-captured solid sorbent therethrough, and a second heat exchanger is provided between the pre-treatment reactor and the regenerator to pass the solid sorbent free from CO2 therethrough.

Abstract: In a case where DPF regeneration is restarted after an engine is automatically restarted from interruption of the DPF regeneration, DPF regeneration control is corrected so as to suppress temperature rise due to the DPF regeneration in consideration of an increment in oxygen concentration in exhaust gas which is caused due to the interruption of the DPF regeneration. Specifically, restart of the DPF regeneration is prohibited during a predetermined prohibition time ?T1 from a time t1 at which the engine is automatically restarted, and a post injection amount of fuel is corrected to the side of reduction.

Abstract: A coffee machine has a single serve function that utilises a reservoir level sensing mechanism so that a single serve dose of water can be dispensed into the grounds regardless of the water level in the machine's reservoir.

Abstract: A system for generating beverages is provided. The system comprises a central host comprising a database, and a kiosk configured for communication with the central host. The kiosk comprises an electronic control unit (ECU), a plurality of process modules, and a memory device that is accessible by the ECU and suitable for storing information required for the operation of the kiosk. Each process module of the kiosk is configured to be controlled by the ECU to perform one or more chemical or mechanical processes contributing to the production of one or more brewed beverages. Further, information required for the operation of the kiosk is stored in the database of the central host and also stored in the memory device of the kiosk to allow the kiosk to operate independently of the central host when communication between the kiosk and central host is compromised.

Abstract: The invention relates to a capsule having a body in the form of a cup and a membrane lid, together defining a chamber containing a substance for the preparation of a drink. The body includes an outer substantially frusto conical side wall and a base integral with the outer side wall and closing said outer side wall at a rear end of the body. The membrane lid closes the other end of the outer side wall. The base is formed by a peripheral region defining the rear end of the body and by a central region extending into the capsule in relation to the rear end, defining a recess outside the body. The central region includes at least one weakened area which is intended to break at least partially under the pressure of a pressurized liquid.

Abstract: The infusion unit comprises an infusion chamber (25, 31) for coffee or other product wherefrom, through water under pressure, the flavours are extracted for making the beverage. The infusion chamber comprises at least one yielding wall (33) for adjusting the volume of the closed infusion chamber to the amount of product contained into said infusion chamber. Moreover, a variable volume chamber is (49) provided, filled with a liquid and connected to the yielding wall (33), so that the volume of the variable volume chamber filled with liquid varies according to the position taken by said yielding wall (33) when the infusion chamber is closed. The position of the yielding wall (33) is locked when the infusion chamber is closed, preventing the liquid flow from and into said variable volume chamber filled with liquid.

Abstract: A pneumatic packaging apparatus includes a fixed base provided thereon with a pressure cylinder unit connected with a chuck unit. The fixed base is further mounted with a valve seat combined thereon with a driving unit and a control unit. The control unit is able to receive external high pressure gas and control the high pressure gas to flow to the driving unit and to the pressure cylinder unit to let the driving unit and the pressure cylinder unit driven by air pressure to automatically pull tight the packaging strap and firmly squeeze the packaging fastener for fixing the packaging strap in place. Thus, the pneumatic packaging apparatus of this invention can assist users to complete packaging work with quickness, able to elevate efficiency of the packaging work.

Abstract: A roller press for the pressure treatment or compaction of granular material, having at least two rolls formed as freely rotating rolls, in each case rotatably mounted in a machine frame by a shaft, driven in opposite directions and separated from one another by a roll gap. The shafts of the rolls are accommodated in bearing housings movably mounted in the machine frame and in each case two bearing housings arranged on one side of the rolls and belonging to different rolls are connected to each other via at least one pressure cylinder. The connection between the bearing housings in each case has at least one torque balance. In this way, the structure of a roller press having roller centering is simplified and can be produced more cost-effectively.

Abstract: A compression-type wastebasket includes: a body which has an opened upper part and a space formed therein in order to accommodate a garbage bag; a body cover which is configured to cover the upper part of the body, wherein an opening unit for connecting the inside and the outside of the body is formed on the central part thereof, a bag fixing unit is formed along the outer girth of the opening unit to fix the girth of an inlet end portion of the garbage bag, and a gripping unit is formed on a part of the opening unit; and a compression means which has a compression surface capable of entering the opening unit in order to compress the waste contained within the body, and is configured to be gripped on the gripping unit while rotating at a predetermined angle on the basis of a compression direction in the opening unit.

Abstract: The object of the invention is an electric press for the compression of tobacco cut filler provided with at least one electric motor (1) and a control unit (2) driving a movable compressing element (3) by means of a drive train (4) characterised in that the compressing element (3) of the piston rod has an openwork design and is driven while keeping controllable driving torque.

Abstract: A screen printing machine configured to move a squeegee by a squeegee moving device along a mask to print solder on a substrate through a through hole of the mask is improved in size and usability. A squeegee-device main body is fixed to a mask frame receiver for holding a mask frame, and a squeegee slide, a squeegee head, and a squeegee-slide driving device are provided on the main body. A position adjusting device including two front/rear-direction adjusting units, one right/left-direction adjusting unit, and one floating support unit is provided between a main body frame of the screen printing machine, and the mask frame receiver and the squeegee-device main body to adjust relative positions of the mask and the substrate by moving the mask frame receiver and the squeegee-device main body together with each other.

Abstract: An inking apparatus for a printing press is provided. The inking apparatus includes an anilox roll and at least one ink pump. The anilox roll includes an interior region, a porous layer surrounding the interior region and an outer surface of engraved cells surrounding the porous layer. The at least one ink pump is adapted to pump ink into the interior region and through the porous layer to the outer surface of engraved cells. A printing press and a method for providing ink to an anilox roll are also provided.

Abstract: A system and method to detect defects in ink blankets of a decorator wheel. An image of each of a plurality of ink blankets of a decorator wheel is acquired using an optical inspection device of the system as the decorator wheel rotates past the optical inspection device during an inking process. Each acquired image is correlated to a unique ink blanket of the plurality of ink blankets. Each acquired image is further matched to a unique standard image of a correlated unique ink blanket. Each acquired image is also compared to a matching unique standard image to determine any defects.

Abstract: A printing apparatus includes a magnetic rotatable roller with a smooth even outer surface for aligning magnetic flakes in a carrier, such as an ink vehicle or a paint vehicle to create optically variable images in a high-speed, linear printing operation. Images can provide security features on high-value documents, such as bank notes. Magnetic flakes in the ink are aligned using magnetic portions of the roller, that can be formed by permanent magnets embedded in a non-magnetic roller body, or selectively magnetized portions of a flexible magnetic cover of the roller. In some embodiments, the roller is assembled for a plurality of interchangeable sections, which can include spinning magnets. Selected orientation of the magnetic pigment flakes can achieve a variety of illusive optical effects that are useful for decorative or security applications.

Abstract: A shaped charge includes a charge case; a liner; an explosive retained between the charge case and the liner; and a primer core disposed in a hole in the charge case and in contact with the explosive, wherein at least one of the case, the liner, the primer core, and the explosive comprising a material soluble in a selected fluid. A perforation system includes a perforation gun, comprising a gun housing that includes a safety valve or a firing valve, wherein the safety valve or the firing valve comprises a material soluble in a selected fluid.

Abstract: This discovery describes a new process to produce large violent explosive quantities of thermal energy with a device through mass conversion under mild conditions by using hydride containing materials to be activated in the presence of group VIIIB and VIB elements causing nuclear fusion followed by sudden disassociation of the unstable result yielding stable products and large excess thermal energy.

Abstract: A liquid-filled bullet has a bullet cap and a bullet base with a cavity therebetween, the cavity containing a liquid. The bullet base has a chamfer and an extension above the chamfer where the base mates with the bullet cap. The bullet cap is deformed and the cavity content released inside a target by pressure of the chamfered portion of the bullet base deforming the bullet cap.

Abstract: A gas generator assembly and method of operation. A plurality of stacks of laterally adjacent and laterally and axially supported gas generant wafers are contained within a housing. An igniter material is placed between the wafer stacks and an initiator. Upon ignition of the igniter material by the initiator, the wafer stacks are ignited and combust, generating a gas which, when reaching sufficient pressure within the housing in excess of ambient exterior pressures, opens a closed exhaust gas port and is released into a gas discharge structure where the gas passes through a heat sink material, cooling the gas before it exits the gas discharge structure for an intended use.

Abstract: A vehicle safety system includes a module including an airbag and an inflator. The inflator includes a housing (12) in which a combustion chamber (16) containing a pyrotechnic propellant is arranged in which hot gas is generated and which housing includes at least one escape orifice (22) toward the environment of the inflator (10), as well as a coolant reservoir (24) arranged in the housing (12) in which coolant is accommodated prior to activation of the inflator (10) and which has at least one coolant outlet orifice (28?). The coolant outlet orifice (28) is arranged in direct vicinity of the outlet orifice (22). Upon activation of the inflator (10) coolant flows out of the inflator into the protection system and wets an adjacent wall (32) of the protection system against which also the hot gas is flowing.

Abstract: An intersecting path ride providing close vehicle interaction without risk of collision. The ride includes a track assembly defining first and second linear, open channels bisecting at a vehicle path intersection point. The ride includes first and second vehicle guides movable within the channels. The ride includes first and second vehicle subassemblies supported by the guides, and the vehicle subassemblies move or reciprocate with the guides along linear paths defined by the channels. The ride includes a vehicle positioning assembly that concurrently reciprocates the guides back and forth along the linear channels through the intersection point. The vehicle positioning assembly includes a connection link pivotally coupled to the guides, a drive motor with an output shaft, and a crank arm rigidly coupled to the output shaft at one end and pivotally coupled to the connection link at another end moving the midpoint of the link through a circular drive path.

Abstract: A regulating device is disclosed for a working machine including at least four rubber wheels and a railway wheel unit in the area of a forward and rearward end, respectively, of the working machine, which each include at least two railway wheels and of which at least one can be raised and lowered by way of at least one power generating device. The regulating device includes a position regulating device by which the power generating device, in a driving position, is automatically controllable to maintain the railway wheels on a predetermined perpendicular distance from an arbitrary reference point on the chassis of the working machine. A railway wheel device, a working machine and a method for regulating the railway wheel unit are also disclosed.

Abstract: A driver's cab of a magnetically levitated train and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. The manufacturing method comprises the steps of: processing and obtaining two-dimensional framework components, and then assembling the two-dimensional framework components into a three-dimensional framework; making a three-dimensional cover skin with a small curved surface die-less forming process; and assembling the three-dimensional cover skin on the three-dimensional framework. The driver's cab comprises a three-dimensional framework and a three-dimensional cover skin assembled on the three-dimensional framework, wherein a plurality of two-dimensional framework components are mutually connected together to form the three-dimensional framework. Forming the three-dimensional framework by assembling the two-dimensional framework components can efficiently simplify the manufacturing process, lower the manufacturing cost, and improve the carrying capacity of the driver's cab of a magnetically levitated train.

Abstract: Antibacterial metallic nanofoams, substrates having the nanofoam coated thereon, methods for preventing, inhibiting, and/or killing bacterial growth using the metallic nanofoams, and compositions and methods for making the metallic nanofoams.

Abstract: Provided is a novel ink composition for a ballpoint pen such that the ink composition combines the strength of water-based ink for ballpoint pens and oil-based ink for ballpoint pens. Specifically provided is a water-based ink composition for ballpoint pens, wherein an oily phase containing an oily solution obtained by dissolving a dye in an organic solvent is contained, as an oil-in-water emulsion, in an aqueous phase comprising a pigment dispersant.

Abstract: A method of forming boron nitride nanoparticles. A plurality of precursor molecules comprising boron, nitrogen and hydrogen may be decomposed in a first heating zone to form a plurality of gaseous molecules that contain bonded boron and nitrogen, followed by heating to a second, higher temperature thereby causing the gaseous molecules to react and nucleate to form a plurality of boron nitride nanoparticles. Depending on processing temperatures, the boron nitride nanoparticles may include amorphous forms, crystalline forms, or combinations thereof. Precursor molecules may include ammonia borane, borazine, cycloborazanes, polyaminoborane, polyiminoborane, and mixtures thereof. The boron nitride nanoparticles may be incorporated into a variety of dispersions, composites, and coatings; and in one embodiment, may be a component of a propellant, wherein the boron nitride nanoparticles may confer a range of advantages to gun barrels in which such propellants may be fired.