Abstract: A vertically arranged combination desktop currency denominating machine and currency dispenser comprising a currency denominating module adapted to receive a stack of currency bills to be denominated and to denominate the received currency bills, wherein a transport mechanism transports bills individually from an input receptacle adapted to receive the stack of currency bills to one or more output receptacles. The combination further comprising a dispenser retaining section adapted to store currency bills to be dispensed to the one or more output receptacles during a dispensing operation, the retaining section comprising one or more dispensing receptacles, each dispensing receptacle adapted to hold bills having a common denomination, wherein the dispenser retainer section is positioned above the currency denominating module.

Abstract: A method for licensing a system for obtaining an X-ray image of a subject. The system employs flexible information carrier plates for computed radiography, which are exposed to X-rays and then scanned in a scanner. A license media is provided with a RFID transponder, which stores in its memory identification information referring to the system components as well as information referring to an amount of valid licenses available for use of the system components. When the identification information stored in the memory of the license media RFID transponder matches the identification information transmitted to the scanner by a processing and acquisition station the carrier plates are scanned automatically.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of radio frequency identification (RFID). In one form, the invention relates to a method and/or device adapted to provide at least some level of providing lateral discrimination within a given area. The invention has been developed primarily for interrogating multiple passive transponders which are attached to objects to be identified by those respective transponders and will be described hereinafter with reference to that application. A typical application is the identification of RFID transponders or other RFID devices, such as those embedded in plastic tokens or cards within a selected area and which may be provided near each other or stacked on each other.

Abstract: A convertible barcode reader which includes different configurations for self-service operation and assisted-service operation. An example convertible barcode reader includes a first housing portion including a first barcode reader engine, and a second housing portion including a second barcode reader engine. The second housing portion is moveable between a first position recessed within the first housing portion and a second position extending from the first housing portion.

Abstract: An RFID system for selectively communicating with a targeted transponder from among a group of multiple adjacent transponders is provided. The RFID system may include a transponder conveyance system adapted to transport at least one targeted transponder from a group of multiple adjacent transponders through a transponder encoding area along a feeding direction and an antenna having a resonant inductor and a ferrite material, wherein the ferrite material at least partially covers the resonant inductor and defines an exposed portion of the resonant inductor. In one antenna-transponder alignment, the exposed portion extends substantially parallel to the feeding direction.

Abstract: A commodity recognition apparatus comprises a function of recognizing a commodity in an image from the image captured by an image capturing unit, and a function of recognizing a data code attached to the commodity in the image from the image, and can switch these functions by a switching unit. The commodity recognition apparatus outputs the information of the commodity recognized by commodity recognition processing or the information of the data code recognized by data code recognition processing to a POS terminal.

Abstract: A fast image-based barcode detection and recognition technique allows a user of a device to analyze an image containing a barcode, locating the barcode containing region of the image automatically, without requiring a user to frame and align the image. In one embodiment, the technique may locate multiple omni-directional barcode regions simultaneously.

Abstract: A digital imaging based symbol reading system has the capacity to automatically read both visible and invisible symbols in the same application environment. Typically, the system reads the symbols in a user-transparent manner. The system may employ visible/invisible illumination switching during operation. The system may include LED illumination sources. A method for reading both visible and invisible symbols using a single device is also disclosed.

Abstract: A system and method for reading a bar code are disclosed which may include transmitting light pulsed at a selected frequency to illuminate the bar code; converting light received at the bar code reader from the bar code into an electrical signal; transmitting the electrical signal through a signal conditioning circuit to filter and amplify the electrical signal, to thereby provide a conditioned electrical signal; sampling the conditioned electrical signal at the selected frequency; removing energy due to light scattering within a housing of the bar code reader from the sampled, conditioned electrical signal; generating one of a logical “1” and a logical “0” output based on a value of the signal generated by the step of removing; and resolving output from the step of generating into data indicative of information on the bar code.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments are directed to a product identification tag, generally including a durable material that includes indicia thereon corresponding to useful information. The durable material is generally configured to be at least one of pierced and/or punched to capture distinctive identification information for a specific product. The distinctive identification information can be at least one of a serial number, an in-service date, and an inspection date. Exemplary embodiments are also directed to a method of product identification, comprising providing a durable material that includes indicia thereon corresponding to useful information. The exemplary method further includes at least one of piercing and/or punching the durable material to capture distinctive identification information for a specific product and detachably securing the durable material to the specific product.

Abstract: A permanently deactivatable security tag and method to create a permanently deactivatable security tag to eliminate tag pollution caused by reactivated tags reentering a store premises and setting off false alarms. The security tag includes a frangible conductive portion that fractures due to stress applied on the frangible conductive portion from a hardened substrate located on the tag. The hardened substrate induces stress to the frangible conductive portion located adjacent to the edge of the hardened substrate as the tag is flexed and bent. The fracture of the frangible conductive portion of the tag results in a shifting and/or disabling of the predetermined frequency of the security tag.

Abstract: A system (10) for generating an incrementally completed 2D security mark (20??) includes a computer-readable medium encoded with a computer program. The computer program has computer readable code for selecting a symbology for the 2D security mark (20??), computer readable code for selecting a scrambling technique for data to be placed into a carrier object (20, 20?, 20?, 20??) of the 2D security mark (20??) at each stage in the workflow, and computer readable code for selecting a manner in which a state change of the carrier object (20, 20?, 20?, 20??) at each stage in the workflow results in a predictable change in the 2D security mark (20??). The system the system further includes memory and a processor operatively coupled to the memory and to the computer-readable medium.

Abstract: A system (10) for generating an incrementally completed 3D security mark (20??) includes a computer-readable medium encoded with a computer program. The computer program has computer readable code for selecting a color transformation process at each stage in a workflow associated with the 3D security mark (20??); computer readable code for selecting a scrambling technique for data to be placed into a carrier object (20, 20?, 20?, 20??) of the 3D security mark (20??) at each stage in the workflow; computer readable code for selecting a manner in which a state change of the carrier object (20, 20?, 20?, 20??) at each stage in the workflow results in a predictable change in the 3D security mark (20??); and computer readable code for weighting writing schemes at each stage in the workflow. The system (10) further includes further includes memory and a processor operatively coupled to the memory and to the computer-readable medium.

Abstract: A system (10) for generating an incrementally completed security mark (20??) includes a computer-readable medium encoded with a computer program. The computer program includes computer readable code for selecting a carrier object (20, 20?, 20?, 20??); computer readable code for selecting a number of steps in a workflow associated with the carrier object (20, 20?, 20?, 20??) and a security level for each step in the workflow; computer readable code for determining available carrier object candidate areas (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5) to which to write information at each step in the workflow; and computer readable code for determining a number of bits to be input at each step in the workflow based upon the respective security levels and the available candidate areas (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5). The system further includes memory and a processor operatively coupled to the memory and to the computer-readable medium.

Abstract: A low pressure and high-low temperature test box capable of controlling humidity comprises a test box body (1), a first heater (2) and a first evaporator (3) which are installed in the test box body (1), a humiture sensor (4) for detecting the humiture inside the test box body (1) and a vacuum manometer (5) for detecting the pressure inside the test box body (1) which are both installed on the test box body (1), an air circulation device (6) for circulating the air inside the test box body (1), and a humidity adjusting device (7) which is connected to the test box body (1) and used for adjusting the humidity inside the test box body (1). A vacuum pump (8) for vacuumizing the test box body (1) is also provided on the test box body (1).

Abstract: A method for climate control in buildings 1, having a ventilation system 2 with at least a control and regulation unit 6 and an air-guide unit, wherein the ventilation system 2 generates, by means of a separate building opening 10, at least one regulated inflow stream 4 which flows into the building 1 and/or at least one regulated outflow stream 5 which flows out of the building. The insulation and structure of the building 1 should be kept free of condensate. To this end, provision is made for at least one current value for a temperature Ti and/or a corresponding absolute internal atmospheric moisture level ?il and/or a relative atmospheric moisture level ?i or a partial steam pressure Wi in the interior of the building 1 and at least one current value for a temperature Ta and/or a corresponding absolute external atmospheric moisture level ?al and/or a relative atmospheric moisture level ?a or a partial steam pressure Wa outside the building 1 to be ascertained.

Abstract: A system for controlling a water heater that operates according to a voltage supply includes a temperature sensor, mounted on at least one of a temperature and pressure (T&P) valve of the water heater and a hot water line of the water heater, that generates a temperature signal corresponding to a first temperature of the at least one of the T&P valve and the hot water line. A control module mounted on the water heater includes a switching module that receives the voltage supply and outputs the voltage supply to the water heater. The voltage supply passes at least one of through and adjacent to the control module. The control module determines a second temperature of water within the water heater based on the temperature signal and selectively actuates the switching module to turn on and turn off the voltage supply to the water heater based on the second temperature.

Abstract: Elastic pad with a concrete element on which rails of a railway rest, whereby the elastic pad includes a fixing mat and an elastic mat, the fixing mat being provided with standing filaments that are at least partially embedded in the concrete element.

Abstract: The present discloses a steel rail for high speed and quasi-high speed railways and a manufacturing method thereof. The steel rail having a superior rolling contact fatigue property can be obtained by reducing content of carbon in conjunction with controlled cooling after rolling. The steel rail includes 0.40-0.64% by weight of C, 0.10-1.00% by weight of Si, 0.30-1.50% by weight of Mn, less than or equal to 0.025% by weight of P, less than or equal to 0.025% by weight of S, less than or equal to 0.005% by weight of Al, more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.05% by weight of a rare earth element, more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.20% by weight of at least one of V, Cr, and Ti, and a remainder of Fe and inevitable impurities.

Abstract: A nacelle is configured to be coupled to an underside of a wing and forms a clearance space between the nacelle and a leading edge slat of the wing. A portion of an outlet cowling moves longitudinally aft when a reverse thrust configuration is activated and the leading edge slat is deployed toward the nacelle. The outlet cowling also includes another portion located adjacent to the leading edge slat that does not move when the reverse thrust configuration is activated and thus maintains its clearance space from the leading edge slat.

Abstract: A sprinkler system for lawns and landscaping is custom-fitted to each particular lot or area to be irrigated. Each in-ground, pop-up, rotating sprinkler head has a pattern defining plate fitted therein having a central opening made therein, as by laser cutting, solid particle deposition, or the like, the opening being congruent with the area to be watered, as adjusted for any sloped portions of the area. A pattern sampling aperture aligned with spray nozzles of the sprinkler rotates about the opening in the defining plate, feeding an amount of water to each radial line of the area about the sprinkler sufficient to reach from the sprinkler position out to the periphery. A speed control comprising a spring-biased cam and an opposing turbine wheel in the water flow slows spray head rotation at arc portions of longer water throw and speeds rotation where the throw is shorter, thus to obtain substantially uniform water coverage over all parts of the area served by each sprinkler head.

Abstract: One embodiment includes a dispenser device and container for mixing a chemical concentrate and a diluent to produce a diluted mixture. The dispenser device may include a housing, a slide, and an eductor. The container holds the chemical concentrate. The dispenser device communicates with the chemical concentrate and with the diluent.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes a substrate in which pressure generation chambers that communicate with corresponding nozzle openings are formed, and piezoelectric elements having a piezoelectric material layer, a first electrode formed on the side of the substrate that faces the piezoelectric material layer, and second electrodes formed on the opposite side of the piezoelectric material layer as the side on which the first electrode is formed; the piezoelectric material layer is formed upon the entirety of the first electrode. The second electrodes are formed in correspondence with respective pressure generation chambers, and the second electrodes are formed separated from each other by regions on the piezoelectric material layer formed in a continuous manner.

Abstract: An electrical module for use within a fuel injector for delivering fuel to an internal combustion engine is described. The electrical module has a variable length. The electrical module comprises electrical contacts for operatively connecting the electrical module to a power plug of a fuel injector. The electrical module also comprises an actuator for operatively controlling a control valve disposed within the fuel injector. The electrical module also comprises electrical conductors arranged within a protective housing. These electrical conductors provide an electrical connection between the electrical contacts and the actuator in order to provide electrical power to the actuator when the electrical contacts are operatively connected to the power plug of the fuel injector. The body of the electrical module is comprised of a compressible elastic element, such that the length of the module is variable by compressing the elastic element. Injectors including such electrical modules are also described.

Abstract: A thermal spray combustion gun including a burner assembly, a combustion chamber assembly, a middle gun body, and a spring. The spring is structured and arranged to provide a spring force that maintains a first metal-to-metal seal between the burner assembly and the combustion chamber assembly, and maintains a second metal-to-metal seal between the combustion chamber assembly and the middle gun body.

Abstract: A liquid control apparatus 30 controls a spread mode of a liquid. The liquid control apparatus 30 includes a main body 31 having an upper surface 31c to which the liquid is supplied, and a mesh 47 knitted in a net-like shape and provided to be in contact with the upper surface 31c. An inhibiting groove 41 is provided in the upper surface 31c in a portion that is in contact with the mesh 47. An introducing port 33b for introducing a gas from the inside of the main body 31 into the inhibiting groove 41 is provided in the main body 31. The introducing port 33b is formed such that the gas is introduced into the inhibiting groove 41 substantially parallel to the upper surface 31c.

Abstract: A mobile system for dispensing cleaning fluid at a jobsite comprising a vehicle with wheels and an interior; a lower level provided in the interior; an upper level provided in the interior and separated from the underlying lower level by a deck; a clean fluid supply tank located on the lower level; at least one outflow pump downstream from and in communication with the clean fluid supply tank arranged on the upper level; and, at least one spray hose for dispensing fluid from the clean fluid supply, the spray hose downstream from and in communication with the at least one pump, at least a portion of the at least one spray hose external to the vehicle for dispensing the fluid at the jobsite.

Abstract: A sprayer for forming and spraying a dispersion of a dispersible substance from a cartridge and a liquid dispersion medium from a source. The sprayer has a first passageway comprising a pump, wherein the first passageway is configured for supplying at least the liquid dispersion medium from the source in response to operation of the pump; a receptacle for removably receiving the cartridge; and a second passageway in fluid communication with both the receptacle and the first passageway for supplying the dispersible substance from the cartridge to the first passageway and, thereby, forming the dispersion in response to operation of the pump. A discharge apparatus is in fluid communication with the first passageway for dispensing the dispersion from the sprayer.

Abstract: An aerosol actuator and manifold for dispersing an aerosol product wherein the manifold includes one or more air vents to promote the foaming of an aerosol product dispersed from the aerosol actuator. In some embodiments, the one or more air vents may be positioned downstream of an orifice cup mounted on the orifice of the manifold.

Abstract: The present invention is provided with an outlet mechanism with pulsing and rotating water effect, wherein comprising a body and a water processor, the body is disposed with an inlet end and an outlet end, a waterway connected to the inlet end and the outlet end is disposed inside the body, the waterway is disposed with a first cavity, the first cavity is disposed with an inlet hole connected to the inlet end, the section area of the inlet hole is smaller than the discharge area of the first cavity; the water processor is disposed with a corkscrew waterway, which is connected to the inlet end and the outlet end. The outlet mechanism is with simple structure, and it needs less components to be fitting to industrial production.

Abstract: A modified version of an induction nozzle having a central “see-through” passive zone protects the induction ports from crosswind disruption. Modified features include: (i) a full-length wind band extending below the induction port inlets; (ii) multiple full-length mounting brackets, which impede circumferential crosswind flow around the nozzle; (iii) a transverse induction port separation plate, orthogonal to the centerlines of the induction ports; and (iv) elimination of one induction port opening.

Abstract: A spray gun, including a gun body, a handle attached to the gun body, a fluid passageway, a handle switch, and a buckle. The fluid passageway is disposed in the gun body and the handle. The handle switch is movably disposed on the handle by a rivet for opening and shutting the fluid passageway. The buckle is movably disposed on the handle via a switch shaft. The spray gun employs the buckle as a locking mechanism that has fewer parts, and therefore costs are reduced and convenience, reliability, and durability improved. The spray gun can be operated with one hand only by swinging it once to open and swinging it again to close. As a result, the performance and quality of the spray gun are improved.

Abstract: A spray head assembly comprising a body configured to receive a supply of fluid and a face in fluid communication with the body, the face having a plurality of nozzles arranged in a non-linear pattern for directing the fluid from the spray head, wherein the plurality of nozzles are configured to direct the fluid flow to form a wedge-shaped spray pattern between the face and a focal region at a focal length from the spray head, and wherein the spray pattern forms a linear spray arrangement in the focal region.

Abstract: A shower head includes a shower body, a spherical joint, a fixing seat, a TPR roller, a welding sheet, a switching shaft, a connecting member, a water dispensing disc, a supporting frame, an inclined member, a rotor, an air intake valve, a TPR lid, and a cover. The switching shaft is a concave body with a handle. A cylinder having a hole is provided in the concave body. A spring and a sealing gasket are sleeved on the cylinder. A pillar is arranged on the outer side of the concave body. The pillar is connected with the connecting member. The handle of the switching shaft is connected with the welding sheet. The shower head has the advantages that the sealing effect is better when the water pressure is lower, and it is easy to switch when the water pressure is higher.

Abstract: A valve assembly for an injection valve and a method for assembling a valve assembly are provided. The valve assembly includes a valve body with a central longitudinal axis and having a cavity with a fluid inlet portion and a fluid outlet portion, an end portion being arranged at an axial end facing away from the fluid outlet portion, and a seat being arranged at an axial end of the valve body facing the fluid outlet portion. A valve needle is axially movable in the cavity and prevents a fluid flow through the fluid outlet portion in a closing position and releases the fluid flow through the flu-id outlet portion in further positions. The valve needle has an axial end facing away from the fluid outlet portion and facing the end portion, and a seat part resting on the seat of the valve body in the closing position. A contact area between the seat part and the seat of the valve body has a first outer diameter.

Abstract: Provided is an adapter configured for use with an aerosol can spray nozzle and an extension tube. The adapter is configured to fit onto the spray nozzle and to receive the extension tube to provide a more rigid and fluidly secure connection between the spray nozzle and the extension tube. The adapter includes a spray nozzle portion and an extension tube portion. The spray nozzle portion includes an opening sized and configured to allow the spray nozzle to be insertable therein to create frictional engagement therebetween. The extension tube portion includes an inner channel extending therethrough, and is sized and configured to allow the extension tube to be insertable therein to create friction-tight engagement between the extension tube and the adapter.

Abstract: A device and method for delivering water to a person who is unable to reach household or other types of water dispensing faucets. In some embodiments, the device comprises a trough for delivering the liquid and an attachment member for attaching the trough to a faucet.

Abstract: A spreader unit for a de-icing substance to clear a road or pedestrian surface, comprises a hopper containing the de-icing substance, a spreader device that receives the de-icing substance from the hopper spreading the latter on the road or pedestrian surface, a carrying device to convey the de-icing substance of the hopper to the spreader device, a rechargeable battery to power the carrying device and an electric mechanical converter for charging the rechargeable battery transforming mechanical power.

Abstract: A system for fluid transport is provided where a quantity of fluid is held in a reservoir. A droplet generator is employed to generate droplets from the fluid, for example a nozzle-based system or a nozzleless system such as an acoustic ejection system. A generated droplet has a trajectory whereby it arrives at a target. A circuit is used to modify one or more characteristics of the generated droplet in a way which increases the likelihood that the droplet will not splash or bounce when it arrives at the target. The circuit may in different embodiments control the speed of the droplet or the Weber number of the droplet. The circuit may create an electric field in an area of space where the droplet passes. The circuit may charge the droplet by causing it to contact ions.

Abstract: Methods and systems for separating a mixed waste into a wet organic fraction, a dry organic fraction, and an inorganic fraction are achieved by (i) comminuting the mixed solid waste, (ii) fractionating the comminuted stream by size to produce two or more particle-sized waste streams, and (iii) processing one or more of the particle-sized waste streams using density separation to produce an intermediate wastes stream, and (iv) recovering a homogenous product (e.g., a recyclable material or an organic fuel) from the intermediate waste stream.

Abstract: The apparatus and method produces fine mesh crumb rubber and provides for independently driving two parallel rolls, with one roll turning at tip speeds far above conventional cracker mills. Turning the roll at a rate (rpms) that results in “hyper” outer roll surface speeds between 1000 ft/min and 1300 ft/min., which is four and a half times the normal maximum speed of conventional mills yields several unexpected and beneficial results. The previously expected effects of operating at surface speeds about 400 ft/min are reduced or eliminated.

Abstract: This disclosure describes systems and methods for grinding and reducing spices prior to application of the spices. In some embodiments, a spice grinding system may include a powered base and at least a first spice container. The powered base may include an electric motor and a control system. The control system may function to activate the electric motor. The first spice container may be releasably couplable to the powered base. In some embodiments, the first spice container may include a first opening in the first spice container configured to contain spice. In some embodiments, the first spice container may include a grinding mechanism. The powered base may function to rotate a portion of the first spice container and simultaneously inhibit another portion of the first spice container from rotating, in order to grind/sift spice in the first spice container.

Abstract: A bale processor (10) of a type that efficiently processes both round and square bales. A bale processor chamber (12) has at least one moveable wall (12b) adjustable between a mostly vertical position suitable to process round bales and at least one less vertical position suitable to process square bales. A floor conveyor (16) is provided at the bottom of the bale processor chamber (12) and is oriented at an angle of eight to sixteen degrees from horizontal to move a bale and bale parts toward a rotor (14) which tears the bale into smaller pieces and throws the smaller pieces out of the bale processor (10).

Abstract: A method for fabricating a roll of sheet product includes facilitating wrapping a sheet product material about a core to form the roll of sheet product, and applying a reference indication to a distal end of the core following the formation of the roll of sheet product.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a roll of sheet product includes forming reference indications on portions of a sheet material, wrapping the sheet material about a spindle to form a core about the spindle, wrapping a sheet product about the core to form a log, removing the spindle from the log, and cutting the log into individual rolls of sheet product, wherein the log is cut proximate to the reference indications such that the reference indications are arranged at a first distal end of each of the individual rolls of sheet product.

Abstract: A dual-bearing reel includes a reel unit, a spool, a handle, a clutch mechanism, a clutch operation member, a clutch return mechanism, and a clutch control mechanism. The clutch control mechanism includes a clutch plate that moves in conjunction with movement of the clutch operation member from the on position to the off position and causes the clutch operation member to move from the off position to the on position in conjunction with the operation of the clutch return mechanism. The clutch operation member includes a contact portion at which the clutch operation member contacts at least first end surfaces of the clutch plate. The contact portion includes a first contact portion that is urged to the side of the reel unit by the clutch plate when the clutch operation member is moved from the off position to the on position by the clutch plate.

Abstract: A device to enable yarn to be fed for textile applications and the relative turns to be separated. The device includes a wheel/drum directly or indirectly motorized for rotation about its axis, the wheel/drum presenting in its lateral surface a series of slits to receive relative blades the projecting profile of which enables the yarn turns wound on the wheel/drum to advance. The blades form an assembly which rotates together with the wheel/drum but about an axis having an inclination and/or an eccentricity relative to the axis of the wheel/drum, such that the profile projection of the blades from the relative slits varies gradually along the perimeter of the wheel/drum, from a minimum to a maximum, to then return to a minimum, but remains constant with time. The blades have a length to be able to receive all the yarn turns which concern the device.

Abstract: A reversible seat belt tensioner includes an electric motor (2), a belt shaft (1) drivable in the belt winding direction by the electric motor (2) via a drive wheel (10), and a drive shaft (9) transmitting the rotational movement of the electric motor (2) to the drive wheel (10). The drive shaft (9) is connected to at least one of the drive wheel (10) and the electric motor (2) via a helical gear unit. The teeth of the helical gear unit make point-shaped contacts with each other, and the drive shaft (9) is axially movable relative to the electric motor (2) or the drive wheel (10) without disengaging the gear teeth.

Abstract: A modular cord organizer apparatus for organizing and supporting at least one coiled cord on a mounting surface including at least one modular frame for receiving the coiled cord is provided. The modular frame has an ‘H’ shaped perimeter defining a pair of frame sides a pair of frame ends spaced by the frame sides. The frame ends define a cord receiving recess and a planar sheet extends between the frame ends. A rim extends perpendicularly to the planar sheet of the modular frame. A rack is provided for receiving at least one modular frame and supporting the modular frame on the mounting surface. At least one connection removably attaches one of the frame sides to the rack in a mounting direction generally parallel to the frame sides and includes a coupler having a pair of shaped tabs defining a slot and a channel for receiving the modular frame.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an unwinder for a packaging machine, in particular for a thermoformer or tray sealer, comprising a holding mandrel provided for receiving thereon a film reel having a film wound thereon. The unwinder comprises a measuring module configured to detect a distance to an end face of the film wound on the film reel and/or a distance to a stop member.