Abstract: An inline water trap including a filter component and a panel connector configured to interface with a patient gas monitor. In one embodiment the inline water trap indicates to the patient gas monitor that it is in place and that the patient gas monitor may begin intaking and analyzing the filtered patient sample. The inline water trap receives a patient sample and filters water and contaminants from the sample before allowing the remaining gas portion of the sample to pass through to the patient gas monitor, thereby protecting the patient gas monitor from damage. One embodiment of the inline water trap additionally contains an RFID tag to indicate to the patient gas monitor that the correct type of inline water trap is engaged.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide storage means stores the carbon dioxide released in a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger cools the exhaust gas emitted by the internal combustion engine, and includes a thermal electric generator (TEG) configured to couple thermally the exhaust gas chamber to the absorber fluid chamber in a manner effective to heat the CO2 absorbent fluid by heat from the engine exhaust to release CO2 gas from the CO2 absorbent fluid and generate electricity in response to a temperature difference therebetween. The CO2 absorbent fluid is one of: a) an aliphatic di-functional nitrile (e.g. pimelonitrile); and b) an oligomeric poly-acrylonitrile (PAN).

Abstract: An apparatus comprising four compartments connected by inlet and outlet valves in tandem. Effluent gases from a high temperature reactor pass through a filtration unit and are directed through the inlet of a first chamber through a perforated pipe placed at the bottom of the chamber. The hot flue gas then flows upward through the liquid/slurry contained in the chambers, such that the carbonaceous impurities are absorbed in the liquid/slurry along with the temperature of the flue gas in stages so as to obtain oxygen without impurities through at least one discharge. Each chamber is provided with a temperature indicating unit, a stirrer unit, inlet and outlet valves, and a discharge unit at the bottom of the chamber.

Abstract: A dust-collecting apparatus is described that includes a lift-off door assembly that provides access to the interior of the dust-collecting apparatus while minimizing the adverse effects on the normal operation of the apparatus by maintaining a proper seal between the interior and the exterior of the apparatus. In particular, the lift-off door assembly includes a top plate, a door frame, and a bottom plate. The top plate is secured to the door frame. Lift clips are provided about a perimeter of the bottom plate and are secured to the bottom plate. Lifting ends of the lift clips are positioned over an outer portion of the door frame, such that when a lifting force is applied to the top plate, the top plate, door frame, and bottom plate are lifted together via the lift clips to move the lift-off door assembly from the closed position to the open position.

Abstract: A point-of-production brewing system which utilizes commercially available ocean and over-the-road shipping containers as a means to create a modular brewing system. Point-of-production brewing system is comprised of a system of modules for transporting and producing an alcoholic beverage and includes a wort production equipment module, a fermentation/maturation equipment module and a packaging module. The modular design allows for the system to be rapidly deployed and utilized to produce an alcoholic beverage on site.

Abstract: The system comprises a data input device (T) for inputting data associated with a supply of cartridges or capsules comprised of a predetermined amount of cartridges or capsules (C), and capable of defining a predetermined reference number related to said amount; and an electronic monitoring and control module (EM), adapted to be associated with a machine (CM) for preparing beverages of the cartridge or capsule kind, and comprising: a detector (26) adapted to acquire said data; at least one controlled switch (22), connectable between the electric pump (10) and the associated control switch (5a) of the machine (CM), such that the electric pump (10) can be activated only when said controlled switch (22) is closed, and can be deactivated if said switch (22) is open; at least one detection terminal (21a) adapted to be connected to the control switch (5a) associated with the electric pump (10) of the machine (CM), to provide an activation signal each time said control switch (5a) is operated to activate the ele

Abstract: A hot beverage preparation device, in particular a fully automatic coffee maker, can be operated in a normal operating mode for preparing hot beverages and in a data transmission mode for transmitting data to a receiver. The hot beverage preparation device includes an encoding unit for encoding the data to form at least one encoded data record in a machine-readable code and a display unit for displaying the encoded data record.

Abstract: A tea maker (100) comprising a power base (300) including an upper portion that provides for a user interface (360) and for a vessel reception location (361), which location is adapted to receive a vessel (200) that is detachable from the power base, wherein the user interface (360) includes an illuminable brewing progress indicator (368) that extends at least partially around said vessel reception location, such that at least a portion of the brewing progress indicator is visible from any position around the power base when the vessel is present at said vessel reception location; and a controller (332) that is configured to control the brewing progress indicator (368) during a tea brewing process, such that a user is notified of progress in said process by a change in illumination of the brewing progress indicator.

Abstract: In described embodiments, a hot liquid extraction system includes a vessel, a controllable steam and water source external from the vessel which heats the liquid of the corresponding vessel, a filter assembly disposed within the vessel operable to filter and remove a solid from the brewed beverage, and a valve to dispense the filtered beverage from the base of the brew vessel. Some embodiments include one or more valves operable to regulate water flow and steam into the brewing vessel, and a filter operable to separate a brewed liquid from a flavor base and to remove a spent flavor base from the system. Some embodiments include processor control of the system, allowing for operation tailored to individual user requirements that might be downloaded to the processor through various wired and non-wired interfaces.

Abstract: An extraction apparatus includes a brewing module for receiving a capsule with an extraction material. The brewing module includes a first brewing module part and a second brewing module part, the second brewing part being movable relative to the first brewing part. The first and the second brewing module parts form a discharge device for the discharge of an extraction product out of the capsule, and an introduction device for introducing an extraction fluid into the capsule. A sealing system for such an extraction apparatus includes a seal having at least one circumferential sealing lip and/or one circumferential sealing bead, which bears on a surface of the capsule in a line-like or strip-like manner and presses the capsule wall against the capsule interior.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods and systems for liquid flow control and beverage preparation are disclosed. The apparatuses, methods and systems of the present invention include liquid flow control and beverage preparation capsules, pods, cartridges, pouches, systems, and modules for controlling and directing flow streams of liquid through a beverage preparation process. The apparatuses, methods and systems of the present invention may be used in combination with or included as an integral assembly of any apparatus, method or system for liquid dispension.

Abstract: A machine (1) for preparing a beverage comprises: a mixing unit (10) for receiving a capsule (5) containing a pre-portioned flavouring ingredient; a liquid circuit (20) for circulating a liquid from a liquid reservoir (25) into the mixing unit for mixing said flavouring ingredient and said liquid to form the beverage(6); a beverage outlet (30) for dispensing such beverage upon formation to a beverage dispensing area (35) for supporting a user-cup or a user-mug (100); and a carrying handle (50) for seizing and carrying such machine single-handed. The carrying handle (50), in particular when seized single-handed during such carrying: extends over and above said beverage dispensing area (35); and/or has a seizure surface (51) forming a loop (52) in cross-section around the mixing unit (10) and/or the beverage outlet (30), the seizure surface being seizable by a single human hand (2) over a predominant 53 part of the cross-sectional loop (52).

Abstract: A coffee machine comprises a main body (2) and a heating device (25), wherein a funnel device for coffee brewing that includes a funnel main body (17), a funnel upper cover (6) and an assembly of funnel lower cover is also provided on the main body (2) of the coffee machine. The assembly of funnel lower cover comprises a funnel lower cover (14), and a shower piece (15) which is fixed on the bottom of the funnel lower cover (14) and makes water uniformly submerge coffee powder in the funnel main body (17). A water inlet joint (6.4) which is connected with water passage of the coffee machine is provided on the funnel upper cover (6), and a water outlet joint (15.1) which is connected with the shower piece (15) is provided on the funnel lower cover (14). The water inlet joint (6.4) is connected with the water outlet joint (15.1) through a connecting pipe (15.2).

Abstract: A beverage container for a brewing machine comprising a filter cup having a frame including an upper peripheral member and a lower peripheral member and filter material extending thereabout, a cover formed of a flexible material, the cover having a circular recess formed on a lower side of the cover to receive an upper wall of the upper peripheral member, the circular recess having an enlarged portion to receive a guide rib such that the cover is placed on the container in a predetermined location.

Abstract: One variation of an apparatus for cooking includes: a housing including a first section configured to be immersed in fluid within a cooking container and a second section adjoining the first section; an annular knob arranged over the second section; a position sensor arranged within the second section and configured to detect rotation of the magnetic element; a display arranged on the housing and configured to display a cooking parameter selected through rotation of the annular knob; a heating element arranged within the first section; a circulator arranged within the housing and configured to draw fluid, in the cooking container, along the heating element; and a controller configured to control the heating element and the circulator according to a temperature of the fluid measured by the temperature sensor, thereby maintaining the fluid within a predetermined range of temperatures including the selected temperature.

Abstract: A toaster has a housing has an operation cavity and a heating cavity. One side of the housing has a first opening, at least one second opening is disposed at the bottom of the housing, the operation cavity is connected to the heating cavity; a longitudinal groove with same number with the second opening, the longitudinal groove is disposed inside the housing, the longitudinal groove is extended upwards from the second opening; at least one transparent movable baffle, which is sliding and connected to the longitudinal groove from the bottom of the housing from down to up, part of the side surface of the movable baffle is exposed to the first opening; and at least one positioning mechanism, which is fastened to the housing and positioned or supported the movable baffle.

Abstract: An oven for heating food products on a conveyor includes two chambers. A conveyor belt circulates within each chamber and between the chambers. Each chamber includes a drum oriented with a vertical axis, a motor for rotating the drum about the axis, and a conveyor belt having a length helically surrounding the drum. The conveyor belt has an infeed end and outlet end. A plenum is located within the chamber along an outer extent of the chamber and is curved substantially concentrically with the drum. The plenum forms a substantially closed air pathway having an inlet at one end and an outlet at an opposite end passing air into the first chamber. A fan is arranged to circulate air within the chamber and force air into the plenum inlet, through the plenum and out of the plenum outlet. A heat exchanger is arranged in the plenum to heat the air flowing within the plenum.

Abstract: An apparatus (1), for enzymatic inactivation of puree, or juice, from vegetable or animal food, comprises a treatment section (10) of food (100) of vegetable origin obtaining a treated product. The treated product exiting from the treatment section (10) is then directed, for example through a duct (13), towards an extraction section (20). More precisely, the treated product enters the extraction section (20) at a temperature T0, for example set between about ?25° C. and about +30° C. The apparatus (1) is further provided with a storage and recirculation section (30), comprising, in particular, an enzymatic inactivation circuit crossed by a hot product at a temperature T2, higher than the enzymatic inactivation temperature T*, normally is about 85° C.-90° C., of the main product. The main product present in the extraction section (20) is struck, near the sieve (22), or directly on its surface, by a flow of hot product coming from the enzymatic inactivation section (30).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a scrap compactor and to an apparatus for manufacturing same. The apparatus for manufacturing scrap compactors includes a core by means of which a through-hole can be formed in a scrap compactor (S), improves the melting behavior of the scrap compactor by means of the through-hole (h), and also has the effect of preventing the deliberate misrepresentation of the weight of the contents of the scrap compactor carried out by inserting heavy substances into the scrap compactor instead of scrap.

Abstract: The invention provides a durably constructed plastic kitchen utensil used to quickly strain the liquids from canned foods, effectively eliminating the risk of spilling the liquid on their hands or countertops. The invention provides a disc having spaced apart holes and a handle attached to the disc. Attached to one end of the handle is a magnet strong enough to lift the can lid out of an already opened can.

Abstract: A can crushing and storing module has a chassis 2, a crushing unit 6 and a storage unit 8. The crushing unit 6 comprises a drawer 7, which is slidable into and out of the chassis 2, and a can crushing device 16 which is mounted in the drawer 7.

Abstract: The present invention includes a packaging, carton and container compacting and storing module (1) comprising a receptacle (19). The module (1) also comprises a drive means (28) and a compacting means (27). The drive means (28) is operably connected to the compacting means (27), and, during a compacting operation, the drive means (28) drives the compacting means (27) into the receptacle (19).

Abstract: An embossing roll for producing fibrous products, has a structurized embossing surface suitable to run against an anvil roll. The structurized embossing surface includes male protrusions or female depressions starting from a base circumferential surface of the roll. The embossing pattern is characterized by the following features: the base areas of selected male protrusions or female depressions in the base circumferential surface are different; the heights or depths of selected male protrusions or selected female depressions in a radial direction of the roll and starting from the base circumferential surface are different; and the angles between sidewall sections and the adjacent base circumferential surface of selected male protrusions and/or female depressions are different.

Abstract: [Object] To provide a screen printing stencil including an amorphous carbon film, such as a DLC film, and a water-oil-repellent layer provided on at least part of the amorphous carbon film so as to exhibit high fixability. [Solution] A screen printing plate 10 of an embodiment of the present invention includes a mesh 16 fixed to a frame body 12; an emulsion layer 14 which fills up the mesh 16 and has a print pattern opening 18; an amorphous carbon film formed on at least part of the surface of an inner wall 22 of the print pattern opening 18 and composed of at least one element of silicon, oxygen, and nitrogen; and a thin film 20 of a fluorine-containing silane coupling agent formed on at least part of the amorphous carbon film.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cliché, and it particularly relates to a cliché with a partition formed thereon for controlling a blanket and the partition to be parallel with each other by the partition when a partition is protrusively formed on the cliché and the blanket is not combined with the cliché according to a predetermined method, controlling functional ink disposed between the blanket and the cliché to be transferred while not spreading so that it may be transferred to a substrate in a shape to be patterned when the blanket does not contact the cliché, and an electronic printing device and method using the same.

Abstract: A printing technology wherein an endless belt-shaped printing plate is wound about a plate cylinder and a guide roller of a printing cylinder and, by using the printing plate, a continuous form sent between the printing plate and an impression cylinder is printed. In the plate cylinder, feed pins are disposed in rows at an even pitch along an outer periphery of the cylinder. The feed pins are guided by a fixed cam ring and project and retract freely and project in a desired region of the plate cylinder, respectively with respect to the cylinder surface. Pin feed holes are provided in rows in marginal zones of the endless belt-shaped printing plate. The endless belt-shaped printing plate is formed by joining and bonding both ends of an elongated resinous relief printing plate with an adhesive tape from the printing surface side. The pin feed holes are engaged with the feed pins of the plate cylinder, whereby the plate feed is guided.

Abstract: An independently driven symmetric cam individually opens and closes two different gripper shafts attached to an impression surface to grip and release leading edges of two different media sheets. Also disclosed is a single drive system for controlling multiple independent gripper shafts includes an impression cylinder, at least two gripper shafts on the impression surface of the impression cylinder to hold at least two media sheets to the impression surface, a dynamic cam to independently actuate each of the at least two gripper shafts, and a single drive motor to mechanically rotate the dynamic cam with respect to the impression surface.

Abstract: A cartridge for histological specimen slides includes a generally enclosed body and a slide holder. The body is configured for removable insertion into a specimen slide printer, and includes a slide holder receiving opening and a slide feed opening. The slide holder holds a plurality of specimen slides and is configured to be positioned within and removed from the body through the slide holder receiving opening. When loaded in the body the slide holder positions and presents the slides to the slide feed opening in the body. A memory chip for storing information relating to the slides can be mounted to the holder, and is located adjacent an access opening in the body when the holder is positioned in the body.

Abstract: System, method, article for determining registration and/or skew errors in a print medium with respect to a printing element includes a print medium including a two-dimensional pattern including a grid within a geometric shape. The grid has a plurality of vertical and horizontal lines, the intersection of each forming a cross-hair defining an X-Y positional data point; the collection of data points defining a data set. The geometric shape is in the form of a two-dimensional target having a plurality of concentric rings; an innermost one enclosing at least one of the X-Y positional data points in the data set. The printing element provides a marker onto the print medium. The positional location of the marker with respect to the one of the at least one enclosed X-Y positional data point defines a directional displacement vector for correcting registration and/or skew error between the print medium and the printing element.

Abstract: A detecting unit is provided, including a transmitter arranged to emit electromagnetic radiation, having a frequency in the range of 0.1 to 10 THz, towards a paper web moving in a printing unit; a receiver arranged to receive electromagnetic radiation being transmitted through or reflected by the paper web and to create a signal representing the received radiation; and a controller having an input channel for receiving the signal and a calculating unit for determining a measure relating to the properties of the paper web from the signal.

Abstract: An offset printing blanket cleaning liquid includes: a solvent having a dipole moment of about 1.7 or more but less than about 4.1 and having a ? covalent bond in a molecular skeleton thereof. Moreover, an ink composition includes: an organic material; and a solvent having a dipole moment of about 1.3 to about 3.0 both inclusive and having a ? covalent bond in a molecular skeleton thereof.

Abstract: An identification device such as an RFID is delivered and embedded in a target by flechette means for target tracking and identification.

Abstract: A pyrotechnic pressure accumulator includes an elongated body extending from a first end of a pyrotechnic section to a discharge end of a hydraulic section. A propellant charge located in a gas chamber of the pyrotechnic section, a piston movably disposed the hydraulic section, and a fluid disposed in a hydraulic chamber between the piston and the discharge end, wherein the fluid is exhausted under pressure through a discharge port in response to ignition of the propellant charge.

Abstract: A drone vehicle for performing maintenance on a railway system is provided. A drone vehicle control system is structured to utilize tie position data to position a drone vehicle workhead over at least a portion of a respective tie. The drone vehicle control system is further structured to actuate the drone vehicle workhead. The drone vehicle may be controlled by a drone vehicle control system linked, preferably by wireless communications, to a lead vehicle and a lead vehicle control system. The lead vehicle control system and the drone vehicle control system are structured to communicate with each other, with the lead vehicle control system providing the tie position data to the drone vehicle control system.

Abstract: A system for distributing energy among a plurality of power consumers may include a plurality of reaction cells configured to receive electrolytes and provide electric power. The system may also include a first tank configured to contain a supply of fluid including positively charged electrolytes and a second tank configured to contain a supply of fluid including negatively charged electrolytes. The system may also include at least one pump configured to pump fluid among the plurality of reaction cells and the first and second tanks. The system may include a controller configured to control operation of the at least one pump based on a desired power supply to at least one of the plurality of power consumers.

Abstract: A flow battery system may include at least one electrolyte tank for storing electrolytes. The system may also include a plurality of reaction cells, each having an output current. The system may further include a plurality of pumps, each associated with one of the plurality of reaction cells, for pumping the electrolytes into the reaction cell at a flow rate. The system may also include a pump sensor configured to monitor the flow rate of at least one of the plurality of pumps. The system may also include an output sensor configured to monitor an output current of at least one of the plurality of reaction cells. The system may further include a controller configured to control the flow rate of at least one of the plurality of pumps based on the output current of the reaction cell associated with the at least one of the plurality of pumps.

Abstract: A frame is disclosed for use with a railway truck. The frame may have a pivot housing, a first arm member extending outward from the pivot housing and having opposing distal ends, and a second arm member substantially identical to the first arm member and extending outward from the pivot housing opposite the first arm member. Each of the first and second arm members may have a generally planar upper plate, a generally planar lower plate, and plurality of webs vertically disposed between the generally planar upper and lower plates. An upper surface of the pivot housing may be generally co-planar with the generally planar upper plates of the first and second arm members.

Abstract: A railway truck is disclosed for use with a locomotive. The railway truck may have a first axle with a first end and an opposing second end, and a second axle with a first end and an opposing second end. The railway truck may also have a plurality of wheels connected to each of the first and second axles, a first bearing assembly positioned at the first end of the first axle, and a second bearing assembly positioned at the first end of the second axle. The railway truck may further have an equalizer having a first end vertically supported by the first bearing assembly and a second end vertically supported by the second bearing assembly, and at least one pin connecting the equalizer to the first and second bearing assemblies and configured to transfer tractive forces between the plurality of wheels and the equalizer.

Abstract: A railway truck is disclosed for use with a locomotive. The railway truck may have a first axle with a first end and an opposing second end, and a second axle with a first end and an opposing second end. The railway truck may also have a plurality of wheels connected to each of the first and second axles, and an equalizer operatively supported by the first and second axles in a vertical direction and constrained relative to the first and second axles in a tractive direction. The railway truck may further have a frame, at least one spring located vertically between the equalizer and the frame, and a link pivotally connected between the frame and the equalizer and configured to transfer tractive forces between the frame and the equalizer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a height-adjustable pedestal for use in a vehicle including a height adjustable pedestal platform, a spring having a spring force according to a corresponding spring characteristic, and a lever mechanism that is interconnected between the spring and the pedestal platform in such a way that the spring force is transferred by the lever mechanism to the pedestal platform in the form of a lifting force that counteracts the weight force of the pedestal platform to facilitate the height-adjustment of the pedestal platform. In a further embodiment, the lever mechanism at least partially compensates for a variation of the spring force that occurs according to the spring characteristics.

Abstract: An underframe structure of a railcar capable of reducing a deformation amount of a cross beam supporting an underfloor equipment upon underfloor fire. The underframe structure of the railcar includes an underframe having a pair of side sills extending in a railcar longitudinal direction and a cross beam arranged between the side sills and extending in a railcar width direction, a structural floor provided on an upper surface of the underframe, and an underfloor equipment suspended down in a center part in the railcar width direction of the cross beam. The underframe structure includes a passenger cabin floor provided on an upper side of the structural floor, the passenger cabin floor forming a lower surface of a passenger cabin S, and floor receiving members supporting the passenger cabin floor and extending in the railcar longitudinal direction between the structural floor and the passenger cabin floor.

Abstract: Compositions useful for the flame retardant finishing of cotton articles or other cellulose materials are described. The compositions are obtainable by reacting a tetrakishydroxyalkylphosphonium (THP) salt with caprolactam and urea to form a condensation product and subsequently forming a condensate from excess THP salt and excess urea. The compositions endow cotton articles with flame retardant properties and a pleasantly soft hand coupled with good durability to laundering processes.

Abstract: [Problem to be solved] A non-aqueous pigment ink is disclosed, which can eliminate or reduce striking through while ensuring pigment dispersion stability and ejection stability, and achieve high print density. Also, a non-aqueous inkjet ink is disclosed, which can reduce the time required for warming up the ink while ensuring the pigment dispersion stability and the ejection stability. [Solution] As the first aspect, the non-aqueous pigment ink contains at least a non-aqueous solvent and a pigment that is self-dispersed in the solvent, wherein the self-dispersed pigment is treated with a compound represented by R1—X or R2—Y—R3, where X is any of —SH, —NCO, —NH2 and —NHR (where R is an alkyl group), Y is any of —CO—O—O—CO— and —CO—O—O—, R1, R2 and R3 are alkyl groups with a carbon number of 8-22, the alkyl groups may be linear or branched, and R2 and R3 may be the same with or different from each other.

Abstract: To suppress a curing agent paste stored in a sealed state in a packaging container from self-curing over a long period of time, provided are a dental alginate impression material as described below, and a curing agent paste to be used for the dental alginate impression material. The dental alginate impression material may includes: a base material paste including as main components: an alginic acid salt (A); and water (B); and a curing agent paste including as main components: a gelling reaction agent (C); a poorly water-soluble organic solvent (D); and a humectant (E).

Abstract: A bioplastic composition may contain certain biodegradable and renewable components. In some examples, the bioplastic composition includes at least one kind of aquatic macrophyte biomass, which may contain a native composition of protein and carbohydrates, in a blend with one or more types of biodegradable or durable thermoplastic polymers. The aquatic macrophyte composition may provide a balance of both polymeric and reinforcing properties to the blended bioplastic not typically exhibited by terrestrial feedstock such as soy meal or corn starch. Such a bioplastic composition may be formed into molded articles using extrusion, injection molding, compression molding, or the like.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of providing: a two-component tissue adhesive having high adhesive strength and high biocompatibility; and a method for producing the two-component tissue adhesive. The present invention involves a two-component tissue adhesive comprising hydrophobically-modified gelatin as a first agent and a cross-linking reagent as a second agent. The hydrophobically-modified gelatin is provided with an amino group and a hydrophobic group on the side chain thereof, and the cross-linking reagent has two or more active ester groups or anhydrides within a single molecule.

Abstract: An asphalt paving mixtures suitable for roadway paving is formulated by mixing very soft penetration asphalt having a penetration value on the order of 300 to 400 and a melt point of 110° F. with recycled or reclaimed asphalt roofing shingles and/or recycled or reclaimed asphalt pavement granule material having a much higher melt point and a much lower penetration value. 10% to 30% of the recycled or reclaimed asphalt material in the final mixture will bring the formulation into compliance with PG grade paving asphalt. The asphalt paving mixture may utilize recycled asphalt shingle granules of approximately 50 mesh in size and preferably between 10 and 50 mesh while a powder may be utilized that is sized below 50 mesh.

Abstract: A solid material or an oily material for forming an organic thin film is produced by hydrolyzing and condensing at least one kind of organic metal compound expressed by Formula (1) in a lower alcohol-based solvent in the presence of water and an acid with a concentration of 0.5% to 5% by mass in the resultant reaction solution. The solid material or oily material that is obtained is dissolved in an organic solvent, and a substrate is brought into contact with a solution that is obtained to form a highly functional organic thin film on the substrate.

Abstract: A surface treatment process comprises (a) providing at least one substrate; (b) providing a curable surface treatment composition comprising (1) at least one fluorinated organosilane compound comprising (i) a monovalent segment selected from polyfluoroalkyl, polyfluoroether, polyfluoropolyether, and combinations thereof and (ii) a monovalent endgroup comprising at least one silyl moiety comprising at least one group selected from hydrolyzable groups, hydroxyl, and combinations thereof, and (2) at least one organosilane compound comprising (i) a multivalent non-fluorinated segment and (ii) at least two monovalent endgroups, each monovalent endgroup independently comprising at least one silyl moiety comprising at least one group selected from hydroxyl, hydrolyzable groups, and combinations thereof, and/or at least one organosilazane compound; (c) applying the curable surface treatment composition to the substrate; and (d) curing the applied, curable surface treatment composition.

Abstract: The current invention relates to a method of making metal oxide nanoparticles comprising the reaction of—at least one metal oxide precursor (P) containing at least one metal (M) with—at least one monofunctional alcohol (A) wherein the hydroxy group is bound to a secondary, tertiary or alpha-unsaturated carbon atom—in the presence of at least one aliphatic compound (F) according to the formula Y1—R1—X—R2—Y2, wherein—R1 and R2 each are the same or different and independently selected from aliphatic groups with from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, —Y1 and Y2 each are the same or different and independently selected from OH, NH2 and SH, and —X is selected from the group consisting of chemical bond, —O—, —S—, —NR3—, and CR4R5, wherein R3, R4 and R5 each are the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom or an aliphatic group with from 1 to 20 carbon atoms which optionally carries functional groups selected from OH, NH2 and SH.