Abstract: A cylinder head arrangement for an internal combustion engine, having a combustion chamber portion for defining a combustion chamber above a cylinder in which a piston is reciprocable; two inlet valves lying substantially to one side of the combustion chamber portion, and two exhaust valves lying substantially to the other side of the combustion chamber portion; and a fuel injector disposed in an edge region of the combustion chamber portion at the exhaust valve side thereof, and arranged to inject fuel generally across the combustion chamber portion towards the inlet valve side thereof.

Abstract: A method for providing air to a combustion chamber of an engine, the engine including an intake manifold selectably coupled to a boost tank. The method comprises pressurizing and storing air in the boost tank, discharging some of the air stored in the boost tank to the intake manifold, and releasing condensate from the boost tank.

Abstract: An arm portion is integrally formed with a housing. The arm portion protrudes from the housing in such a manner as not to be in contact with a passage-forming portion and a passage-side fastening portion. The arm portion has corner portions and a drive-side fastening portion. After a heat of EGR gas is transferred to the drive-side fastening portion, the heat is transferred to the housing through the corner portions. The arm portion elongates a heat transfer pass from the EGR gas to the driving portion to increase a resistance of heat transfer. Further, the arm portion increases a heat radiation surface area to increase a heat radiation quantity. The EGR apparatus 1 can restrict a heat transfer from the EGR gas to the driving portion.

Abstract: A gas transfer port system for a cylinder of a two stroke internal combustion engine; said cylinder provided with a fixed separator plate dividing said cylinder into an upper section and a lower section; a piston in said cylinder reciprocating between said separator plate and a cylinder head; and wherein an annular skirt descending from said separator plate forms at least a portion of an annular well between said skirt and an internal surface of said cylinder; said well sealed at the bottom such that said cylinder is isolated from a crankcase of said engine; said gas transfer port system including at least one long gas transfer port connecting a lower portion of said annular well with a gas transfer port outlet aperture in a wall of said cylinder.

Abstract: A two-stroke engine has an intake arrangement including a carburetor. An intake channel divides into a mixture channel and an air channel. An intermediate flange is mounted between the carburetor and the cylinder. This flange has a carburetor connecting surface, which faces toward the carburetor, and a cylinder connecting surface which faces toward the cylinder. Referred to the flow direction in the intake channel, the air channel divides upstream of the cylinder connecting surface into two branches. The first branch has a first longitudinal center axis and the second branch has a second longitudinal center axis. The intersect points of the center axes with the connecting surfaces are mutually connected via an imaginary connecting line in the carburetor connecting surface or the cylinder connecting surface. The two connecting lines conjointly define an angle ? in the carburetor connecting surface with this angle being greater than 0°.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for production of photovoltaic wafers and abrasive slurries for multi-wire sawing of wafers for photovoltaic applications, and more specific to abrasive slurries which are easy to remove from the wafers after sawing, where the abrasive slurry comprises one part recycled abrasive slurry, an alkali in sufficient amount to provide a pH in the abrasive slurry mixture in the range from 6.0 to 9.0, and one part novel abrasive slurry in an amount sufficient to provide an ion content in the abrasive slurry mixture to provide an electric conductivity of less than 50 ?S/cm.

Abstract: A grilling apparatus having one or both of a rear wind diverting structure and a front side and/or rear side air inlet which will cause a positive pressure differential to be maintained within the grilling apparatus even when subjected to high wind conditions.

Abstract: A gas burner assembly is provided for a cooking appliance including a cooktop surface. The gas burner assembly comprises an outer gas burner comprising an outer burner body, the outer gas burner configured to provide an outer cooking flame; and an inner gas burner comprising an inner burner body, the inner gas burner configured to provide an inner cooking flame, wherein secondary air supplied to the inner gas burner flows through one or more openings through the cooktop surface, wherein one or more channels direct spills beneath the outer gas burner onto the cooktop surface.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a closed loop circuit that has a concentrated solar receiver and a particulate thermal transfer media moveable through the closed loop circuit. The particulate thermal transfer media has a melting temperature of greater than 600° C./1112° F. A heat exchanger is in communication with the particulate thermal transfer media.

Abstract: A solar collector comprises a solar absorbing tube 3 containing elongate tube 11 that extends out of one end of the solar absorbing tube 3 and into an end fitting 15 wherein an annular outer passageway 13 of the elongate tube 11 communicates with a cold fluid inlet conduit 16 within the end fitting 15 and the inner passageway 14 of the elongate tube 11 communicates with a hot water outlet conduit 17 within the end fitting 15. Each end fitting 15 is provided with a receiving portion 22 extending orthogonally to the tubular passage 18 for receiving an end of the concentric elongated tube 11. The end fittings 15 are interconnected to provide fluid flow paths without the need for a manifold. Any number of solar collector tubes can be interconnected in this way. The invention also applies solar collectors of the heat pipe type.

Abstract: Examples and variations of apparatus and Methods for concentrating solar radiation are disclosed.

Abstract: An absorber tube for solar collectors is provided. The absorber tube comprises a metal tube for carrying and heating a heat transfer medium, a sleeve tube enclosing the metal tube for forming an annular space that can be evacuated, a first container disposed in the annular space and filled with protective gas, an outer ring, and a transition element enclosing the metal tube for sealing off the annular space. The first container includes an outlet opening closed by a closure material, which releases the outlet opening under external actuation for introducing the protective gas into the annular space. The external actuation is applied by an opening unit that is activated for releasing the outlet openings. The first container is fixed in the annular space by a retaining device, which is on the outer ring and/or on the transition element.

Abstract: Described herein are embodiments of solar heating systems, including solar collection panels used in the solar heating systems, and methods for manufacturing solar collection panels suitable for use in the solar collection panels. The solar heating system is a closed direct connected solar heating system that need not include heat exchangers or drain back systems. The solar collection panels include a series of interconnected pockets between two sheets of material and inlet and outlet fittings for providing fluid into and out of the solar collection panel. The system described herein is capable of operating under pressures of 160 psi or higher and can also tolerate extreme temperature conditions, such as freezing temperature conditions.

Abstract: The subject matter of the invention is a method for decontaminating starch hydrolysates from which glucose polymers for producing peritoneal dialysis solutions will be prepared.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aerosol therapy device comprising a membrane nebulizer (1) and a personal digital assistant (PDA (2)), which are interconnected via communication devices (10, 11) in such a way that therapy data, which has been prepared in relation to signals, is transmitted from the membrane nebulizer (1) to the PDA and control data is transmitted from the latter (2) to the membrane nebulizer (1).

Abstract: Vaporizer for extracting active compounds from a sample of plant material contained within the device, said vaporizer including a heat exchanger, said heat exchanger being shaped to provide for generation of significant heat to warm the air passing through the heat exchanger and into the mouthpiece connecting with the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger being located within a heat shield, the heat shield surrounds the chimney, the chimney being arranged above a butane lighter which when operated generates sufficient and controlled flame for impingement upon a segment of the heat exchanger to allow its air therein to be significantly heated for inhaling through the plant material contained within the mouthpiece to allow the user to extract the heated active compounds from the plant material for therapeutic and other inhalation.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a leak detection system and method for tube or catheter placement. The system and method includes acoustically sensing a leak in the seal between a tube or catheter within a body and the body cavity against which it is sealed, assisting the user in adjusting the system until the leak has been substantially sealed, and establishing system parameters to be used thereafter to maintain the system in an operating state that will substantially prevent leakage, all using a noninvasive acoustic technique.

Abstract: An airway device (14), that is used to maintain a clear airway in a patient, e.g. for artificial ventilation during surgery, comprises an inflatable cuff (26), which is inflated when in position in a patient's airway (24). The inflated cuff (26) provides a seal to maintain the device (14) in position in a patient's airway (24), and to prevent leakage of infected oropharangeal secretions into the patient's lungs. A method and apparatus (10) for monitoring: leaks in the pressure system of the device (14) that includes the cuff (26); blockage in the pressure system, and/or malpositioning of the airway device (14) during use.

Abstract: A patient interface device (8, 8?, 8?) that includes a cushion (16), a shell (18) coupled to the cushion, a headgear (22, 22?, 22?) having a first strap (28A, 28A?, 28A?) and a second strap (28B, 28B?, 28B?), and a release mechanism (30) coupled to the shell. The release mechanism includes a first cord (54A) coupled to the first strap and a second cord (54B) coupled to the second strap. The release mechanism is selectively moveable between a closed position and an open position.

Abstract: A respiratory therapy device has both a standard positive expiratory pressure (PEP) device and an oscillatory PEP device packaged together. A manually operable member is movable to select which of the standard and oscillatory PEP device is placed in communication with a patient's airway. A nebulizer connector may also be provided for connection of a nebulizer.

Abstract: A dry inhaler system includes a vibrating mechanism. A supply of a dry powder is operatively coupled to the vibrating mechanism. A power source communicates with the vibrating mechanism. A sensor communicates with the vibrating mechanism. A feedback control communicates with the sensor and the power source. The feedback control controls power delivered to the vibrating mechanism relative to information provided by the sensor about the performance of the vibrating mechanism.

Abstract: The invention is to offer a gas mist inhaler which makes only one part of the gas mist inhaler disposable for ensuring hygiene as well as realizing economization.

Abstract: A CPAP humidifier system includes an air pump, a humidifier tank, a control valve, and an auxiliary reservoir. The humidifier tank has an air inlet opening and an air outlet opening. The air inlet opening fluidly connects to the air pump, and the air outlet opening fluidly connects to an air mask. The control valve is attached to the air outlet opening and defines both an air outlet passageway and a liquid inlet passageway. The auxiliary reservoir fluidly connects to the liquid inlet passageway for providing liquid to the humidifier tank.

Abstract: A method and apparatus provides a continuous source of medical grade air. A substantially tubular and rigid housing includes a first end, at least one aperture extending through the housing and positioned a predetermined distance from the first end; and a second end, opposite the first end. A valve extends from the first end of the housing for dispensing medical grade air to a patient. A medical grade air compressor provides medical grade air for output by the valve, the medical grade air compressor being positioned within the housing on a side of the at least one aperture opposite the valve. An air flow generator is positioned between the second end of the housing and the medical grade air compressor, the air flow generator draws air into the housing through the at least one aperture. The air passes over and around the medical grade air compressor to reduce a temperature of the medical grade air compressor and to the medical grade air compressor for generating medical grade air.

Abstract: An airway management apparatus for engagement with a catheter for oxygenation of a patient includes a main body having a major axis, a first port extending in a proximal direction along the major axis, a second port, and a third port extending in a distal direction along the major axis. The third port comprises a connector for engagement with a proximal end of the catheter. The connector may have a plurality of radially compressible members extending in a distal direction, and circumferentially aligned to receive the catheter proximal end. An axially movable member is positioned to selectively compress the compressible members around the catheter proximal end to form a locking engagement, and to release the compressible members. A wire guide is insertable into the trachea through the first and third ports, and the catheter.

Abstract: A continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) apparatus for respiratory assistance of a pattern is disclosed. There is a blower having an output connectible to a ventilation mask wearable by the patient. A first pressure sensor measures blower pressure at the output of the blower, and a second pressure sensor that is connectible to the ventilation mask measures mask pressure therein. A pressure controller is connected to the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, and a patient inspiratory phase and a patient expiratory phase is be detectable by the pressure controller to regulate therapeutic pressure at the patient mask, based upon pressure differentials between the mask pressure and the blower pressure.

Abstract: A respiratory assistance device is disclosed. There is a variable speed blower with an output, and a patient ventilation interface configured for fitment on a patient respiratory passageway. A gas passage conduit couples the output of the blower to the patient ventilation interface. A pilot line from the gas passage conduit is coupled to a piloted exhalation valve of the patient ventilation interface. A pressure sensor measures a mask pressure in the patient ventilation interface, and a blower speed sensor measures a speed of the blower. A pressure controller in communication with the pressure sensor and the blower speed sensor detects a patient inspiratory phase and a patient expiratory phase from at least one of the measured speed of the blower and a set speed of the blower. The pressure controller adjusts an operating speed of the blower and actuates the piloted exhalation valve based upon the measured mask pressure.

Abstract: A ventilator device delivers ventilatory support to a patient in a back up timed mode when patient respiration is not detected or a spontaneous mode when patient respiration is detected. The timing threshold governing the back-up mode is chosen to deviate from normal expected respiration time for the patient to promote patient initiated ventilation in the spontaneous mode but permit back-up ventilation in the event of apnea. Automated adjustments to the timing threshold during the timed mode are made from the less vigilant timing threshold to a more vigilant threshold at or near a timing of normal expected breathing of the patient. Such adjustments may be made from a minimum to a maximum vigilance timing settings or incrementally there between as a function of time in the timed mode which is preferably the number of delivered machine breaths.

Abstract: A supplied air respirator (10, 50) that includes a clean air source (16, 54), a facepiece (18, 18?), a hose (12, 52), and a hose adjustment mechanism (14, 34). The clean air source (16, 54) is designed to be carried by a user of the (10, 50), and the face piece (18, 18?) is sized to fit at least over the user's nose and mouth. The hose (12) extends from the clean air source (16, 54) to the facepiece (18, 18?). The hose adjustment mechanism (14, 36) enables the hose length to be controlled so that slack is eliminated between the clean air source (16, 54) and the facepiece (18, 18?). The supplied air respirator (10, 50) is beneficial and that it reduces opportunities for the hose (12, 52) to become inadvertently caught on an article located in the work environment.

Abstract: An agrichemical spray mask according to the present invention comprises: a main body (114) which is worn hermetically attached to the face and has an inhalation inlet port (110) and an exhalation outlet port (112); an anti-dust and anti-toxin filter tube (120) which is provided on the outside of the inhalation inlet port (110) of the main body (114) of the mask so as to link to the inhalation inlet port and is provided with an anti-dust and anti-toxin filter (113); and a spray filter tube which is separably fastened to the anti-dust and anti-toxin filter tube (120), has a spray filter (223) provided on the inside thereof, and has a respiration port (220a).

Abstract: A method and apparatus is disclosed herein for a garment with a barrier device. In one embodiment, the garment comprises an upper body garment having a neck opening, two sleeves or arm hole openings, a back, and a compartment located on the back of the upper body garment, where the compartment has a surface therein located in location of the back that encompasses an area that includes at least the shoulder blades of an individual when worn by the individual. The garment includes a barrier device contained within the compartment, where the barrier device has protrusions that contact the surface when the individual initiates movement into a supine sleeping position.

Abstract: A nipple abrasion protector consists of a generally disc-shaped translucent polymeric adhesive film with adhesively affixed to one side of a release paper. The protector is removed from the paper and applied to the nipple to prevent chafing from contact with a shirt or other garment during extended physical activities like running and is semi-transparent or translucent and not readily detectable during activities like swimming or surfing. In addition, the protector is perforated with pores for breathablilty and has a cross-hatched surface texture to improve adhesion and flexibility. Moreover, the removable nipple protector adheres tightly to the areola and is capable of resisting protrusion of the nipple. The protector is free from materials such as latex which may incite an allergic reaction.

Abstract: A self-service cigarette rolling apparatus is described herein. The machine may be modular and can roll a carton of cigarettes in 8 to 10 minutes. To use, an operator loads tobacco into a hopper, whereby the tobacco is filled into tubes. Once filled, completed cigarettes roll down and out of the machine. The modular components are easily secured to and removed from the machine, which provides easy serviceability. Neither the operator nor the owner of the machine ever needs to open or get into any of the modules. Each module is easily serviced or replaced within a 24 hour period. The machine owner pays a monthly maintenance fee to permit the owner to use the machine in their store. This fee includes costs associated with replacing modules. If the owner does not pay their monthly maintenance fee, the manufacturer can shut down the machine so it will not operate.

Abstract: Menthol-sorbed activated charcoal stably holding menthol during storage, and smoothly releasing menthol only during passage of tobacco smoke therethrough is provided. The menthol-sorbed activated charcoal is featured in that to activated charcoal having a specific surface area of 1500 m2/g or more but 1700 m2/g or less as measured by the BET method, menthol is sorbed at a sorption rate of 80% or more but 92% or less with reference to the saturated amount of menthol for the activated charcoal.

Abstract: A smoking article comprising a rod of smokeable material (3) and a wrapper (4) wrapped around the rod of smokeable material, wherein the wrapper comprises a region of ventilation embossing (9) overlapping the smokeable material. A manufacturing method and apparatus are also described.

Abstract: Generally described, the present disclosure relates to an electronic alternative smoking device and more particularly, to an electronic cigarette sleeve. In an illustrative embodiment, the sleeve can include a tubular member enclosing an electronic smoking device. The tubular member can extend the entire length of the device or a portion thereof. The sleeve can be slid over the electronic smoking device. The sleeve can cover the mouth portion of the electronic smoking device to protect it from dirt or touching a surface. The sleeve can come in a number of variations which are described in the present disclosure.

Abstract: An electronic cigarette including an elongated housing that has a mouthpiece with an aerosol outlet, and an atomizer disposed within an atomizing chamber. The atomizer selectively generates an aerosol of the liquid in response to suction pressure at the aerosol outlet. The atomizing chamber has an air inlet, an atomizer outlet coupled to the aerosol outlet, and a first wick aperture. A liquid reservoir is disposed within the elongated housing, which is sealably separated from the atomizing chamber. A wick disposed through the first wick aperture between the liquid reservoir and the atomizing chamber and it is configured to transfer the liquid by capillarity from the liquid reservoir to the atomizer.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of specific ascorbic acid derivatives for dyeing keratin-containing fibres or as direct dyes for the preparation of a composition for dyeing keratin-containing fibres, and to methods for dyeing keratin-containing fibres, in particular for dyeing human hair.

Abstract: Described herein are dental floss compositions comprising an elastomeric matrix containing one or more particles, and methods of making and using the same.

Abstract: A filter system for a vacuum cleaner may include an air intake manifold having a tubular air inlet and a tubular perforated filter cage, the filter cage having a first end coupled to the air inlet and a free second end, the air inlet having an outer surface with a seal, a filter agitator coupled to the intake manifold and arranged alongside the filter cage, the filter agitator having a cleaning surface disposed adjacent to the filter cage, and a filter holder having a first end, a longitudinally opposite second end for coupling to a filter, and at least one coupler for removably coupling the filter holder to the filter inlet of the vacuum cleaner. A method of cleaning a vacuum cleaner filter may include coupling the filter holder to the filter inlet and rotating the filter holder so that the filter rotates about the filter cage.

Abstract: Disclosed are a cleaning system for a panel, which includes a steam sprayer for spraying steam on the panel and a cooling water sprayer for spraying cooling water on the panel, and a cleaning method of a panel performing cleaning the panel through steam spraying and cooling water spraying. While the panel is sprayed with steam, a foreign substance attached to the panel may be temporarily swollen or experience a phase change. After the process of spraying the steam, the panel is sprayed with cool water, through which the foreign substance is cooled and condensed, which may cause weakening of the coupling force with the panel.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods are disclosed for the cleaning of an endotracheal tube while a patient is being supported by a ventilator connected to the endotracheal tube for the purpose of increasing the available space for airflow or to prevent the build up of materials that may constrict airflow or be a potential nidus for infection. In one embodiment, a method for cleaning endotracheal tubes comprises inserting a cleaning device within an endotracheal tube while a cleaning member is in a compressed position, radially expanding the cleaning member to an expanded position within the endotracheal tube, and withdrawing the cleaning device from the endotracheal tube with the cleaning member in the expanded position.

Abstract: A dishwasher includes a plurality of water circuits in which rinsing liquid is circulated according to a program control unit. The circulation of the rinsing liquid results in the passage of the rinsing liquid through at least one filter element that captures dirt entrained with the rinsing liquid. The filter element may include a plurality of thread elements disposable between a dirt capture state in which the thread elements are under tension, whereupon the thread elements intercept dirt entrained with the rinsing liquid while the rinsing liquid passes through the thread elements, and a relaxed state, in which the thread elements are disposed under less tension than in the dirt capture state to facilitate release of intercepted dirt from the thread elements, whereby the at least one filter element can be cleared of intercepted dirt.

Abstract: A cleaning system including a guiding object and a cleaning robot is disclosed. The guiding object includes a magnet to form a magnetic field. The cleaning robot includes an operation module, a first sense module and a control module. The operation module performs a cleaning action and a moving action according to a control signal. The first sense module generates a first sensed signal according to the magnetic field. The control module generates the control signal to adjust an efficiency of at least one of the cleaning action and the moving action according to the first sensed signal.

Abstract: A cleaning robot including a movement module, a cleaning module, a shock sensor module and a control module is disclosed. The movement module includes a plurality of rollers. The cleaning module includes a suction aperture, a cleaning brush, and a dust collection box. The shock sensor module detects a shock and generates a detection signal. The control module controls at least one of the movement module and the cleaning module according to the detection signal.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid processing apparatus that selectively supplies processing liquids with a switching operation to the surface of a substrate to perform a liquid processing. The liquid processing apparatus includes a first processing liquid supply unit including a first nozzle block that selectively supplies an acidic chemical liquid and a rinse liquid, and a second processing liquid supply unit including a second nozzle block that selectively supplies an alkaline chemical liquid and a rinse liquid. When a chemical liquid is supplied to the substrate from one of the first and second nozzle blocks, the other of the first and second nozzle blocks is retreated to a retreat position. When the rinse liquid is supplied to the substrate from one of the first and second nozzle blocks, the other of the first and second nozzle blocks is moved to a processing position.

Abstract: A carwash system is disclosed wherein a spray arm dependingly mounted to an overhead longitudinally movable carriage for dispensing fluids onto the exterior surfaces of a vehicle in a wash bay unidirectionally circumnavigates the vehicle for multiple circuits while performing one or more wash functions by coordinating longitudinal and rotational movements of the arm through the selective operation of two independent motor drives. Electrical power and/or data is carried to and from electrical devices on the arm by way of a slip ring conductor which is mounted coaxially with the arm pivot on the bottom side of the carriage. The fluid supply conduit also passes concentrically through this pivot.

Abstract: A multiple chamber dishwasher has a door with multiple parts that can be linked for cooperative movement in a first mode and unlinked for independent movement in a second mode. A mode selector operatively coupled to a transformation link that effects conversion of the door between the first and second modes allows user selection of the door mode and can be associated with a door handle.

Abstract: A folding umbrella and particularly one having multiple folds, is comprised of a support frame incorporating a hybrid rib typically located intermediate a main rib and a rear or outermost rib. The hybrid rib is formed of multiple sections composed of first and second materials which respectively provide the desired structural strength to reduce inversions of the umbrella to an acceptable minimum and provide the hybrid rib with the desired resiliency and flexibility to return the hybrid rib to its original, unstressed shape and thereby prevent permanent damage to the hybrid rib as well as adjoining frame elements of the umbrella. The thicknesses of the multiple sections and the relative sizes of the sections also significantly contribute to the capability of the hybrid rib to achieve the desired objectives of a compact, small, folding umbrella of reduced weight, and the ability to prevent permanent damage to the frame due to inversion.

Abstract: A semiconductor element is formed of a thermoelectric material having at least one aperture, a first end face and an opposite second end face. A cross-sectional surface which is parallel to the first end face or to the second end face extends through the thermoelectric material and through the aperture and has an area which is at most 20% greater than the first front surface and is smaller than the second end face. A thermoelectric module having at least two semiconductor elements is also provided.