Abstract: The invention relates to systems, methods, and apparatus for assessing a musical performance. The musical performance can include a user's performance of a musical instrument. MIDI or audio notes are input and compared to the notes of a music track. An indication is provided to assess the musical performance. The assessment can be on the basis of timing and/or pitch errors.

Abstract: An address for reading, from a waveform memory connected by a bus, waveform data to be assigned to each of a plurality of sound generation channels for generating a musical sound, is calculated, by time division, for each sound generation channel, and the calculated address and the sound generation channels are associated and stored in an address memory. When the bus is in an empty state, an address stored in the address memory is read, and waveform data is read from the waveform memory based on the read address; the read waveform data is assigned to the corresponding sound generation channel, and generation of a musical sound is prescribed for the sound generation channel to which the waveform data is assigned.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a music editing application that enables a user to compose and edit note characteristics, e.g., via a touch-sensitive display. The GUI can display a portion of a music track including note events. In response to receiving a user selection of a note event and a user indication for editing a note event, the GUI can display a menu providing a list of characteristics. The characteristics can include an option for associating at least one of several virtual instruments or one of several articulations with the note event. Upon receiving a user input indicating a characteristic, the matrix editor can associate the note event with the characteristic based on the user input. The music editing application can allow the user to edit additional note characteristics (e.g., an instrument, an articulation) because of the extended capacity for data associated with each note event.

Abstract: A graphical user interface (GUI) for an audio editing application enables a user to easily and conveniently shift a temporal and/or pitch of a sequence of note events within a musical piece, e.g., via a touch-sensitive display. The GUI displays a set of note events on a matrix grid and a subset of the note events (e.g., selected by the user) on a note events grid that overlaps the matrix grid. The note events grid is moveable with respect to the matrix grid such that the subset of note events is shifted against the remaining note events while the note events within the subset maintain a spatial relationship with respect to each other. Further, the user can shift the note events grid (and the note events therein) to any location within the matrix grid, without unintentionally snapping the note events to a nearest grid location on the matrix grid.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate to a systems and methods for downloading one or more effects to an effects unit. One or more effects may be received on an effects unit. Audio signals for the one or more effects may be processed based on instructions for processing the audio signals received with the one or more effects. For each subsequent effect received on the effect unit, the processing of the audio signals may be reprogrammed. The one or more effects may be transmitted for output from the effects unit.

Abstract: A media application for providing outputs (e.g., audio outputs) in response to inputs received from an input device is provided. The media application may connect input mechanisms of an input device with parameters of channel strips (e.g., which may define output sounds) using an intermediate screen object. The media application may first assign an input mechanism to a screen object, and separately map a screen object to a channel strip parameter. The media application may map a screen object to several channel strips simultaneously such that, based on the value of the screen object, the volume of each of the several channel strips changes. The media application may provide a graphical representation of available channel strips using layers. As the media application accesses a channel strip, the appearance of the portion of the layer associated with the channel strip may change.

Abstract: A user interface for a virtual musical instrument presents a number of chord touch regions, each corresponding to a chord of a diatonic key. Within each chord region a number of touch zones are provided, including treble clef zones and bass clef zones. Each treble clef touch zone within a region will sound a different chord voicing. Each bass clef touch zone will sound a bass note of the chord. Other user interactions can modify or mute the chords, and vary the bass notes being played together with the chords. A set of related chords and/or a set of rhythmic patterns can be generated based on a selected instrument and a selected style of music.

Abstract: A signal processing apparatus 30 includes a FIR filter 33 that generates a signal corresponding to an instrument sound including a resonance of a body caused by a vibration of a string, based upon a pickup signal from a pickup sensor 21. The signal processing apparatus 30 guides the pickup signal from the pickup sensor 21 to an adder circuit 35 via a low-pass filter 32, guides the signal generated by the FIR filter 33 to the adder circuit 35 via a high-pass filter, and adds and mixes these signals in the adder circuit 35. The cut-off frequency of the high-pass filter 34 is equal to or higher than the cut-off frequency of the low-pass filter 32.

Abstract: A tubular braid and mechanisms for forming the braid are described. The mechanism for braiding includes a disc, a mandrel, a plurality of catch mechanisms, and a plurality of actuators. The disc defines a plane and a circumferential edge. The mandrel extends from a center of the disc and is adapted to hold a plurality of filaments extending radially from the mandrel toward the circumferential edge of the disc. The plurality of catch mechanisms are positioned circumferentially around the edge of the disc and are adapted to engage a filament. The plurality of actuators are configured to move relative to one another and are adapted to move the plurality of catch mechanisms in a substantially radial direction relative to the circumferential edge of the disc.

Abstract: An elastomeric charge holder includes one or more holes formed therein into which is disposed an explosive charge. The elastomeric charge holder further includes one or more metal wires also disposed within the elastomeric charge holder. The elastomeric charge holder may be over molded or over extruded over each of the one or more metal wires, thereby retaining each of the one or more wires in place during use of the elastomeric charge holder. The one or more wires are also a better match of thermal coefficients to a metal confinement tube that holds the elastomeric charge holder, which results in improved retention of the elastomeric charge holder in place, particularly during initiation of the explosive charge.

Abstract: A muzzle brake of a weapon or a weapons system for small- and medium-calibre weapons, that has a reduced outer signature with respect to heat and/or propellant gas emissions is provided. For this purpose, the propellant gas emerging from the barrel is diverted to the gas outlet openings of the muzzle brake in order to impinge on them to absorb the recoil, and is then made to pass further to the rear, and thereby cooled in a device.

Abstract: Ballistic walls include a plurality of interlocking blocks formed of a bullet-resistant material, a first portion of the periphery of each block having a protruding tongue, a second portion of the periphery of each block defining a groove sized to receive the tongue, and the tongues and grooves of adjacent blocks being mated to each other to form an interlocked structure. Each block may be formed of a stack of panels having a first surface panel, a second surface panel, and an interior panel, wherein the interior panel is offset from the first and second surface panels to form the tongues and to define the grooves. Each block may be formed of a stack of five panels offset from each other. The blocks may be arranged in a running bond, such that the vertical seams of one course are offset from the vertical seams of an adjacent course.

Abstract: A foundation wall includes a frame having a front side and a back side. The frame further includes a plurality of vertical stud members having a first end and a second end, a top beam attached to the first end of the plurality of vertical stud members, and a bottom beam attached to the second end of the plurality of vertical stud members to define a plurality of cavities between adjoining vertical stud members. Rigid insulation is adapted for positioning in the plurality of cavities to become a load-bearing part of the frame. One or more structural sheets is affixed to the front side of the frame and to the back side of the frame. A waterproof bond is formed along an interface between edges of the one or more structural sheets and a periphery around the front side and the back side of the frame.

Abstract: A reciprocating pump assembly includes a pump housing that houses a crankshaft. Pistons are mechanically connected to the crankshaft for pumping fluid through cylinders. Each cylinder has a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet. The pump also has a monitoring housing connected to the reciprocating pump. Within the monitoring housing is a computer with memory. Pressure sensor assemblies sense a pressure value of a fluid within the pump, and are in electrical communication with the memory. An accelerometer positioned on the pump measures vibrations of the pump and is also in electrical communication with the memory for storage of sensed vibrations or displacements during operations. A proximity sensor in electrical communication with the memory is located within the pump housing to determine the rotational velocity of the crankshaft.

Abstract: A rotational hydraulic joint may include an extension chamber and a retraction chamber. Each chamber may include an end cap and a piston that moves relative to the end cap. One or more ports may add and remove fluid from the chamber. The rotational hydraulic joint may rotate in a cyclical direction when fluid is added to the extension chamber and in a countercyclical direction when fluid is added to the retraction chamber. The chambers may each include a torus-shaped cavity. Bladders may prevent fluid from leaking out of the rotational hydraulic joint. Stationary and movable electrodes may be coupled to the end cap and piston respectively. A plurality of rotational hydraulic joints may be combined to create a compound joint.

Abstract: A piston pump assembly in which a piston-forming element to be received in a piston chamber of a piston chamber-forming member carries a removable stop flange member which may be secured to the piston chamber-forming member to provide a retention stop to prevent the piston-forming element from being removed from the piston chamber.

Abstract: Systems and methods for producing a product gas are provided. In one embodiment, a system includes at least one separation bed to separate adsorbable components from a gas source, a valving means to selectively direct gas from the gas source to the at least one separation bed, at least one sensing device associated with the at least one separation bed to sense the progress of an adsorption zone within the separation bed, and a controller. The controller includes logic to read the output of the at least one sensing device and control the gas separation process based on the progress of the adsorption zone.

Abstract: A gas concentrating system is provided. The system includes, for example, a gas separation system having at least one separation space, at least one sensor connected to the separation space and providing at least one output signal indicative of the progress of gas separation, at least one pump system associated with gas separation system; and a controller. The controller includes, for example, logic reading the sensor output signal and logic controlling at least one parameter of the pump system based on the sensor output signal. The parameter of the pump system can be any parameter affecting the characteristics or operation of the pump system. Examples are disclosed but are not intended to be limiting.

Abstract: A system and method of controlling a flow of steam in a steam generator having a heater for heating fluid in a vessel is disclosed. The method includes: delivering the steam from the steam generator to a first side of a filtering membrane; receiving purified steam from a second side of the filtering membrane, the purified steam having a steam flow rate; determining at least one coefficient of a substantially linear mathematical relationship between the steam flow rate of the purified steam and duty cycle; and configuring the steam generator to control: the duty cycle of the heater based on the determined at least one coefficient and a target steam flow rate; and/or the target steam flow rate based on the at least one coefficient and a target duty cycle of the heater.

Abstract: In a method for purifying a flow rich in carbon dioxide and containing at least one impurity lighter than carbon dioxide, the flow is cooled in a heat exchanger (7) and partially condensed, the partially condensed flow is sent to a first phase separator (9) operating under a first pressure, a gas from the first phase separator is compressed and sent to a second phase separator (31) operating under a second pressure higher than the first pressure, a first liquid (11) is sent from the first phase separator to a housing (15) operating under a pressure lower than the first pressure, and a second liquid (33) is sent to the housing.

Abstract: An electrostatic precipitation air cleaner to reduce ozone output is provided. The electrostatic precipitation air cleaner includes a housing with an air inlet and outlet. Located in the housing are an air mover for moving a stream of air along an airflow path between the inlet and the outlet, an ion emitter electrode positioned in the airflow path downstream of the inlet for ionizing particulates entrained in the stream of air, a collector electrode having an inlet downstream of the ion emitter electrode, and an intermediate element intermediate the ion emitter electrode and the collector electrode. The collector electrode is comprised of a plurality of collector plates spaced apart in a direction transverse to the airflow path. The plates are electrically biased to create and maintain an electric field in the space therebetween to precipitate ionized particulates entrained in the stream of air onto a confronting surfaces of the plates.

Abstract: A strainer for use with combining beverages and cold food includes a bottom section sized for insertion into a beverage container, and a side section projecting substantially vertically from the bottom section and sized for insertion into a portion of the beverage container. At least one of the bottom and side sections is liquid permeable, and the bottom section and side section are separately or collectively capable of retaining ice pieces when the strainer is in the container. A method for retaining ice in a container capable of holding a liquid includes placing a strainer capable of retaining ice in a container capable of holding a liquid, adding ice to the container such that at least some of the ice is retained by the strainer, placing a liquid in the container, and removing the strainer from the container.

Abstract: A separator with a helix assembly that includes a plurality of segments disposed end to end and forming an intermediate casing. Each of the segments has a tubular portion with a first circumferential edge and a second circumferential edge and a helical portion extending from the second circumferential edge. The tubular portions of the segments form an intermediate casing, while the helical portions of the segments form a spiral helix. The helix assembly further includes an inner casing concentrically disposed within the intermediate casing and coupled to the spiral helix.

Abstract: A low DC and/or AC voltage machine for preparing espresso coffee or other beverages, having a support structure provided with a heat exchanger, one or more heating elements with low energy consumption for heating water in a container, a water circulation pump, thermostats for adjusting the water temperature, a solenoid valve and a filtering and delivering unit, provided with a fixed portion communicating with the heat exchanger and a movable portion formed by a filter supporting body shaped for housing a cup, supporting the capsule containing the metered powder of the beverage, or a filter for receiving the loose powder, or a filter for receiving a paper waffle. The filter supporting body may be displaced from a lowered position for loading the element for preparing the beverage, to a raised position for the infusion of the beverage, and again in the lower position for discharging the exhausted element.

Abstract: A coffee maker capable of stopping returning steam includes a grinding unit, a guiding unit, and a brewing unit. A conduit extends laterally from a container disposed at a lower portion of the grinding unit and adapted to hold the coffee particles. The conduit has an outlet corresponding in position to an opening formed on a cover portion at a top of the brewing unit. A decelerating motor is disposed at the cover portion. An axle of the decelerating motor is coupled to a lid. When the coffee particles exit the grinding unit and enter the brewing unit via the conduit to accumulate in the brewing unit to a preset quantity level, the decelerating motor drives the lid to shut the opening. Hence, high-temperature steam introduced into the brewing unit for brewing coffee is prevented from entering the grinding unit to wet the residual coffee particles therein.

Abstract: A single serving filter pod encapsulated brewing press and thermal drinking receptacle allowing a user to brew coffee or tea within the device using premeasured sealed filter pods.

Abstract: A container is disclosed that comprises an outer vessel having an inner cavity, and an inner vessel having an inner cavity. The inner vessel and outer vessel are configured for receiving all or substantially all of the inner vessel through an opening in the outer vessel such that in operation, said opening of the inner vessel may be releasably positioned proximate the opening of the outer vessel. The container also includes a lid for releasably enclosing said inner vessel within said outer vessel. The outer container may be made from a material called TRITAN and the inner vessel may be made from glass. A seal may be provided between the top to the inner vessel and the lid.

Abstract: A brewing structure featuring stability and water confinement is provided, including a support frame, a container, a filter, and a movable assembly. The support frame has a retention device. The container has a positioning section and a fitting section. The positioning section and the fitting section are retained on the retention device so that a brewing operation can be carried out in a stable manner at a predetermined altitude. The container forms a bore and a guide section is formed around the bore and extends downward. The movable assembly controls water discharging through the bore or blocks the bore. The movable assembly includes a body forming a water collection hole. A joint section and a water collection section are formed around a circumference of the water collection hole.

Abstract: A system with a beverage maker for making single serving customized beverages is provided herein. An example beverage maker includes a carbonation chamber for mixing a selected volume of fluid with carbon dioxide. The beverage maker also includes a pressurized carbon dioxide source in fluid communication with the carbonation chamber. The beverage maker is configured to receive an individually packed, single use disposable flavor cup containing a flavor and having a sealed cover that covers and seals the flavor cup. Additionally, the beverage maker includes a piercing mechanism for piercing the flavor cup and mixing the selected volume of fluid therein, and for discharging a blended fluid. The carbonation chamber comprises a pressure vessel assembly of a fixed volume such that carbon dioxide absorption can be performed and controlled. The system may also include a water dispenser fluidly connected to the beverage maker.

Abstract: A combination food steamer and food processor appliance includes a housing surrounding a motor and a heater. A water cavity is positioned within the housing. At least a portion of a drive shaft extends upwardly beyond a first end of the housing. A jar is removably mountable to the first end of the housing. Portions of a bottom wall and a side wall of the jar define a food processing cavity. A steam cavity is also defined in the jar. At least a portion of the drive shaft extends through a portion of the bottom wall of the jar when the jar is mounted to the housing. A lid is removably mountable to a rim of the side wall of the jar. A basket is removably mountable within the food processing cavity of the jar in a first operating configuration. Portions of a bottom wall and a side wall of the basket define a food steaming cavity.

Abstract: Rotisserie ovens comprise upper and lower enclosure members forming a cooking chamber therebetween and having a heating assembly therein. The upper member is movable and removably attached to the lower member. The cooking chamber is configured to accommodate a spit assembly that is rotated by an electric motor in the lower member. The lower member includes one or more support members operable to orient the oven in a cooking or a storage position, wherein the height profile of the oven in the storage position is about 50 percent or less then in a cooking position. The upper member is configured for storage placement within the lower member cooking chamber when removed therefrom and inverted, and the spit assembly when disassembled resides within a space between the inverted upper member and lower member to provide a compact low-profile self-contained package for placement and storage within a kitchen drawer or the like.

Abstract: A cooking apparatus includes a container which defines four sides, a bottom and an open top. The cooking apparatus further includes a container handle which extends from a handle side of the four sides, and a cover which attaches to one of the four sides other than the handle side. The cover is constructed and arranged to transition between (i) an open position in which the cover substantially exposes the open top defined by the container to allow food product to enter or exit through the open top of the container and (ii) a closed position in which the cover substantially encloses the open top defined by the container to prevent food product from entering or exiting through the open top of the container.

Abstract: The present invention is a grease straining device utilized in combination with a frying pan with an edge that includes a pan connector that curves around along the frying pan edge and partially extends over the frying pan, a rectangular planar shaped divider and strainer that is attached to the pan connector that extends downward into the frying pan and allows grease and oil from food cooked in the frying pan to be safely poured off of and out of the frying pan and a strainer handle that extends perpendicularly upward from the pan connector to allow a user to grasp the grease straining device while being utilized in combination with said frying pan. There is also an optional a splatter screen attachment that is attached to the strainer that extends horizontally across the frying pan to provide additional protection from grease and oil splatters.

Abstract: The food dehydrator device is made of a top member, a bottom member, and a plurality of trays disposed there between. Each one of the trays comprise a support, upper and lower skirts disposed about a periphery of the support, and first and second opposing sides. The upper and lower skirts of adjacent support trays cooperate to form an enclosed side wall. First and second sets of posts are disposed along each one of the first and second opposing sides and in first and second arrangements, respectively. Adjacent trays may be actuated between first and second configurations by rotation of adjacent trays 90 degrees relative to one other. In the first configuration the first and second pairs of opposing sides of adjacent trays are aligned and in the second configuration, the first and second pairs of opposing sides of adjacent trays are offset by 90 degrees.

Abstract: Systems and methods of compressing a bottle is disclosed. An example system includes a housing, gas port, and a movable platen. A compressible bottle may be mounted within the housing such that the bottle opening is in fluid communication with the gas port and such that the bottle is located between the gas port and the movable platen. A flow of a gas is provided through the gas port into the compressible bottle through the bottle opening. The movable platen is driven toward the gas port after beginning a flow of gas into the bottle, causing the compressible bottle to collapse substantially along the bottle length.

Abstract: A rectangular baler comprising a bale chamber; a compacting plunger moveable between a retracted position and an extended position; an ejection arrangement provided in a wall comprising a shuttle assembly with at least one dog mounted for protruding from said wall when the shuttle assembly is moving from a rest position in the forward direction to move one or more bales forward; wherein at least one end dog is located in the rest position of the shuttle assembly in a zone near of the plunger in the extended position thereof, such that when the shuttle assembly moves in the forward direction, said at least one end dog is engageable behind a bale adjacent the inlet of the bale chamber.

Abstract: A decorating apparatus comprises an advancing arrangement for advancing an elongated element in an advancing direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the elongated element and a plurality of decorating devices positioned downstream one another along the advancing arrangement for decorating distinct surfaces of said elongated element, each decorating device comprising a decorating unit for decorating a respective surface of the elongated element, the decorating unit comprising: a transferring device for transferring a flowable material on the elongated element, including a transferring roller rotatable around a rotation axis and arranged for interacting with the elongated element, the transferring roller being made of deformable material so that non-flat surfaces can be decorated; a kiln arrangement arranged downstream of the transferring device for heating said flowable material applied to said elongated element.

Abstract: A system and method for forming indicia on a substrate. The system includes a feed system for feeding the substrate and a plurality of stations each operable to apply a processing step to the substrate. A first of the plurality of stations applies an energy curable ink to the substrate using a printing process. In some embodiments, this printing process is a gravure cylinder having indicia grooves formed on the gravure cylinder. The indicia grooves on the cylinder retain the energy curable ink until contact with the substrate whereby the energy curable ink is applied to the substrate. A curing unit is disposed downstream of the first of the plurality of stations. The curing unit receives the substrate and outputs an electron beam directed toward the energy curable ink to cure the energy curable ink and form a resultant energy curable layer upon the substrate.

Abstract: Imaging of positive-working, IR-sensitive printing plates that use a novolac resin as the major polymer component of the imaging layer takes place with greater post-exposure latitude. In various embodiments, the imaging layer includes one or more poly(vinyl phenol) polymers or copolymers combined with one or more vinyl phenol monomers.

Abstract: A tandem printing system for imaging a continuous web of material includes a first printer serially coupled to a second printer wherein the speed of the web can be adjusted to maintain image quality and to compensate for a change in a diameter of a driver drum. The change in the diameter of the driver drum can be derived from characteristics of the printing system including the amount of sag of the continuous web of material moving between the first printer and the second printer.

Abstract: Method and device for mixing and initiating a pyrotechnic charge, comprising at least one coherent porous fuel structure (16) and at least one oxidizer (8). According to the invention, the coherent porous fuel structure (16) and the oxidizer (8) are placed apart in a mixing device (1, 20) to prevent unintentional ignition, and in which the oxidizer (8), in response to the action of a force upon the mixing device (1, 20), for example upon firing of an artillery shell, is transported into the coherent porous fuel structure (16), after which the obtained pyrotechnic charge is initiated after a set time delay.

Abstract: A blank (1) of stiff resilient sheet is folded along transversely extending fold or score lines (10) and fixed into open ended triangular cylinder shape by means of tab (7) and slot (8). A shaped charge (15) can be positioned in opening (5) and held in place using elastic cord (12). This provides a compact, lightweight and easy to assemble disposable weapon stand.

Abstract: A method for explosive cutting using converging shockwaves, and an explosive cutting device are disclosed. The method includes providing a projectile with an explosive charge, positioning the projectile over the object so it extends along an intended line of cut, and detonating the explosive charge so that the projectile is accelerated toward the object, wherein the projectile either impacts on the object and the projectile includes a wave-shaping element which is shaped such that the impact generates converging shockwaves in the underlying object to be cut causing a crack to be propagated through the object along the intended line of cut; or impacts on a wave-shaping element in contact with the object, the wave-shaping element being shaped such that the impact generates converging shockwaves in the underlying object causing a crack to be propagated through the object along the intended line of cut.

Abstract: Exemplary multi-shell structured blast effect charges as well as shaped charge or shaped-charge-like explosive charges are disclosed which contain metal carbonyls in the form of pure substances, granulates, mixtures with inorganic fuels, or as granulates of mixtures with inorganic fuels integrated in suitable closed containers. The metal carbonyls serve in the form proposed herein as fuel, which during the intended conversion of the total charge exhibit an undirected (multi-shell structured blast effect charges) or at least partially directed (shaped charges or shaped-charge-like explosive charges) pressure enhancing effect.

Abstract: A gas generator includes a diffuser shell and a closure shell, a housing formed by joining the diffuser shell and the closure shell, inside the housing, an ignition device chamber defined by a cup-shaped container, a combustion chamber enclosing the ignition device chamber, an annular or flat plate-shaped filter facing the top plate, a retainer supporting the filter, the retainer including a bottom surface and a cylindrical wall surface extending from an outer circumferential edge of the bottom surface, the cylindrical wall surface having a gas passage, the retainer being fixed by the cylindrical wall against a circumferential wall plate. During actuation, when the housing is deformed the retainer and the filter move to abut the top plate of the diffuser shell, combustion gas passes through the filter and the gas passage to be discharged from the gas discharge port.

Abstract: A gas generator for a restraining device includes, a housing having an ignition device and a diffuser portion, and a gas generating agent charged in an inner space of the housing, a partition member having a communication hole and being disposed to incline regarding a long axis of the housing, thereby dividing the inner space into a gas generating agent charging space and a gas flow channel space, the gas flow channel space communicating with the diffuser portion, both of the edges of the partition member being abutted against an inner circumferential surface of the housing, a cross-sectional area of the gas generating agent charging space decreasing from the ignition device side at one end of the housing to the diffuser portion side at the other end of the housing, a cross-sectional area of the gas flow channel space increasing from the ignition device side to the diffuser portion side.

Abstract: The invention relates to an amusement ride vehicle for transporting multiple passengers. The vehicle comprises a movable base (2), a support (3), a lift arm (4) and a carrier (5). The support is mounted on the movable base, the lift arm is pivotably connected to the support at one end and pivotably connected to the carrier at its opposite end. The carrier is provided with multiple passenger seats and comprises a restraining device adapted to restrain each individual passenger in a seat. The vehicle is further provided with a first actuator (13) for pivoting the lift arm relative to the support, and thus for lifting and lowering the carrier relative to the movable base while the movable base rides over the substructure, and a second actuator (14) for pivoting the carrier relative to the lift arm, and thus for adjusting the pitch of the carrier relative to the movable base while the movable base rides over the substructure.

Abstract: A hopper car gate assembly having a frame with opposed side walls, opposed end walls, and top and bottom openings. The gate assembly has a door with a lower section that is supported by the frame and an upper section that is vertically spaced from the lower section. The door is moveable between a closed position, in which the lower section blocks the bottom opening, and an open position, in which cargo can exit through the bottom opening. A drive mechanism engages the upper section of the door to move the door between its closed and open positions. Preferably, the door has a middle section that is joined to and extends upward from the lower section, and the upper section is joined to and extends away from the middle section.

Abstract: A crash energy absorber is provided at a front portion of a carbody of a railcar and configured to crush by a load from a front side to absorb crash energy. The crash energy absorber includes: a main absorbing portion extending in a front-rear direction; and a pair of sub absorbing portions respectively provided at upper and lower sides of the main absorbing portion. Each of the pair of sub absorbing portions is formed integrally with the main absorbing portion via breakable portions each extending in the front-rear direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lens care solution having 0.001 to about 5 weight percent of a low molecular weight amine of the general formula: where R1, R2, R3 and R4 are —H or low molecular weight radicals, and R5 is a low molecular weight radical, or salt thereof; an effective amount of a tonicity agent; and the balance water.