Abstract: Provided herein are methods for dehydrating single-walled metal oxide nanotubes by heating the SWNT under vacuum at 250-300° C.; methods of dehydroxylating SWNT, comprising heating the SWNT under vacuum at 300-340° C., and methods for maximizing the pore volume of a SWNT, comprising heating the SWNT at 300° C. under vacuum to partially dehydroxylate and dehydrate the SWNT; methods of modifying the inner surface of a single walled aluminosilicate nanotube (SWNT), comprising dehydration or dehydration and dehydroxylation, followed by reacting the SWNT with a derivative under anhydrous conditions to produce a SWNT that is derivatized on its inner surface. The invention also includes single-walled nanotubes produced by the methods of the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to cationic siloxane derivatives for use especially as fungicides and/or antiadhesives. The cationic siloxane derivatives have the formula (I), wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R4?, R5 and n are as defined in the description.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a catalytic process for the synthesis of organohalosilane monomers from tetraorganodihalodisilanes and other compounds that are not cleaved during the conventional hydrochlorination of Direct Process Residue. The process is characterized by the use of a catalyst containing (1) one or more heterocyclic amines and/or one or more heterocyclic ammonium halides, and (2) one or more quaternary Group 15 onium compounds.

Abstract: The invention provides novel compounds and methods to carry out organocatalytic Michael additions of aldehydes to nitroethylene catalyzed by a proline derivative to provide ?-substituted-?-nitroaldehydes. The reaction can be rendered enantioselective when a chiral pyrrolidine catalyst is used, allowing for Michael adducts in nearly optically pure form (e.g., 96-99% e.e.). The Michael adducts can bear a single substituent or dual substituents adjacent to the carbonyl. The Michael adducts can be efficiently converted to protected ?2-amino acids, which are essential for systematic conformational studies of ?-peptide foldamers.

Abstract: Method and system for forming an anhydrous sterilant. In one embodiment, anhydrous peracetic acid is combined with carbon dioxide, wherein the carbon dioxide is in one of a liquid, solid, and supercritical state.

Abstract: A method for producing acetic acid at increased production rates. The method may include a heat transfer system for generating a steam product from the heat of the reaction. In addition, the method may include multiple drying columns. The steam product may be integrated with at least one of the multiple drying columns.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process in which methanol is carbonylated in a reaction zone in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a reaction mixture (A) comprising acetic acid, hydrogen iodide, methyl iodide, water and the catalyst. At least a part of the reaction mixture (A) is separated in a flash zone to obtain a vapor stream (BV) which comprises acetic acid, hydrogen iodide, methyl iodide and water. The vapor stream (BV) is withdrawn from the flash zone, and the withdrawn vapor stream is then reacted with at least one alkylimidazole to obtain a composition (C) from which acetic acid is separated. By reacting the vapor stream (BV) with the alkylimidazole at least parts of the hydrogen iodide and methyl iodide contained in (BV) are bound in form of iodide salts which significantly facilitates the separation of crude acetic acid from the vapor stream (BV) and the further purification of the crude acetic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high-yield method for preparing highly pure (3S,4S)-4-((R)-2-(benzyloxy)tridecyl)-3-hexyl-2-oxetanone using a metal salt of (2S,3S,5R)-2-hexyl-3,5-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid as an intermediate.

Abstract: A method for efficiently producing (meth)acrylic acid by crystallization using a plurality of crystallizers to purify (meth)acrylic acid and a refrigerator for supplying both of a cooling medium and a heating medium, while the refrigerator is stably operated for supplying media having a proper temperature and the temperature of the crystallizers is maintained.

Abstract: Compound selected from 4-(2(S)-benzoylamino-3-naphthalen-2-yl-propionylamino)-N-hydroxy-benzamide and benzo[1,3]dioxole-5-carboxylic acid [1(S)-(4-hydroxycarbamoyl-phenylcarbamoyl)-2-naphthalen-2-yl-ethyl]-amide, for use in the treatment of a HIV infection. The compound is administered in combination and/or in temporal proximity with at least one anti-retroviral agent.

Abstract: Methods of synthesizing ammonia borane are provided. The methods comprise reacting at least one amine borane with ammonia such that ammonia borane is produced. Ammonia borane has a chemical formula of NH3.BH3 and provides a good source of storage hydrogen making it useful in a variety of applications including a potential hydrogen source for fuel cells. The methods can further comprise separating the ammonia borane from the other products of the reaction. Exemplary methods can produce ammonia borane having purity greater than about 90 percent. In further examples, the methods can produce ammonia borane having purity greater than about 95 percent or greater than about 99 percent.

Abstract: At least 70% by weight of Compound 1 is the single crystalline form, Form A, Form C, or Form D, of the compound. A pharmaceutical composition comprises a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent, and compound 1, wherein at least 70% by weight of the compound is the single crystalline form, Form A, Form C, or Form D, of the compound. A method of treating a subject with cancer comprises administering to the subject an effective amount of compound 1 or the pharmaceutical composition.

Abstract: The compounds of general formula (I) wherein: R1 is hydrogen, phenyl, C1-6 alkyl which can be further substituted with R3, R3 is 5- or 6-membered aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which can be further substituted with benzyl or hydroxyl groups; R2 is OR4, NHR4, R4 is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl or benzyl n is an integer from 1 to 12 or the salts of compounds mentioned which can form gels with commercial fuels, organic solvents and water.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel class of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). The SERM compounds are applicable for use in the prevention and/or treatment of a variety of diseases and conditions including prevention and treatment of cancers such as prostate and breast cancer, osteoporosis, hormone-related diseases, hot flashes or vasomotor symptoms, neurological disorders, cardiovascular disease and obesity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing substituted 2-aminobiphenyls and to a process for preparing (Het)arylamides of such 2-aminobiphenyls.

Abstract: A process for preparing N-[(1R)-1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl]-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl]propan-1-amine of formula hydrochloride salt of formula (I) i.e. Cinacalcet.

Abstract: Preparing a primary amine by alcohol amination of alcohol with ammonia and elimination of water includes reacting, in a homogeneously catalyzed reaction, a mixture of alcohol, ammonia, nonpolar solvent, and catalyst, in a liquid phase, to obtain a product mixture. The process then includes phase separating the product mixture into a polar product phase and a nonpolar product phase, and separating off the nonpolar product phase. At least some of the nonpolar phase returns to the homogenously catalyzed reaction. The process further includes separating off amination product from the polar product phase. At least some of the catalyst is in the nonpolar phase, and the catalyst accumulates in the nonpolar phase.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for efficiently producing an alkylated aromatic compound in good yield, by a cross-coupling reaction between an alkyl halide and an aromatic magnesium reagent. A process for producing an aromatic compound represented by Formula (1): R—Ar???(1) wherein R is a hydrocarbon group, and Ar? is an aryl group; the process comprising: reacting a compound represented by Formula (2): R—X??(2) wherein X is a halogen atom, and R is as defined above, with a magnesium reagent represented by Formula (3): Ar?—MgY??(3) wherein Y is a halogen atom, and Ar? is as defined above, in the presence of a catalyst for cross-coupling reactions comprising an iron compound and a bisphosphine compound represented by Formula (4): wherein Q is a divalent group derived from an aromatic ring by removing two hydrogen (H) atoms on adjacent carbon atoms; and each Ar is independently an aryl group.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention are directed to novel methods for making discrete polyethylene compounds selectively and specifically to a predetermined number of ethylene oxide units. Methods which can be used to build up larger dPEG compounds (a) containing a wider range of utility to make useful homo- and heterofunctional and branched species, and (b) under reaction configurations and conditions that are milder, more efficient, more diverse in terms of incorporating useful functionality, more controllable, and more versatile then any conventional method reported in the art to date. In addition, the embodiments of the invention allow for processes that allow for significantly improving the ability to purify the intermediates or final product mixtures, making these methods useful for commercial manufacturing dPEGs. Protecting groups and functional groups can be designed to make purification at large scale a practical reality.

Abstract: Precipitations of nitrohydroxyaromatic salts out of the nitrated crude products obtained in the nitration of aromatic compounds after alkaline scrubbing, for example mononitrotoluenes, are prevented by contacting the nitrated crude products with an acidic ion exchanger. The nitrated crude products are preferably selected from a feedstream to a distillation column, a bottoms circulation stream of a distillation column and a feedstream to a vaporizer.

Abstract: A catalytic process for the preparation of optically active compounds and their conversion thereafter to desired drug substances. In particular, the process relates to the preparation of (S)-3-(1-Dimethylamino-ethyl)-phenol using asymmetric catalytic reduction and transfer hydrogenation, thereby providing an improved route to forming drug substances such as rivastigimine and rivastigimine hydrogen tartrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing product comprising ethanol which comprises contacting a feedstock comprising acetic acid and hydrogen in a reaction zone at hydrogenation conditions with a catalyst composition comprising platinum, palladium and tin on a support, wherein the catalyst has an excess amount of platinum relative to the amount of palladium based on weight.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst comprising platinum, tin and a secondary noble metal selected from the group consisting of rhodium, palladium, gold and iridium. The catalyst may be on a support. In some embodiments, the support may comprise calcium. The catalyst is used for converting acetic acid to ethanol.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide, for the production of isobutene, a high-yielding, highly-selective, and long-term stable production process of isobutene from TBA. With respect to the production of TBA, an object of the present invention is to provide a TBA production process in which, through long-term stable maintenance of a high reaction activity, long-term continuous operation is enabled and the productivity is improved. The present invention discloses a process for producing isobutene that employs a dehydration temperature of from 200 to 450° C. in use of an alumina catalyst that contains a Na content of 0.6% by weight or less in terms of NaO2 and a Na content of 0.4% by weight in terms of NaO2, and has a specific surface area of from 200 to 600 m2/g.

Abstract: A municipal solid waste material is converted to a refuse derived fuel then to syngas which is processed to produce a liquid feedstream via Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis. The Fischer-Tropsch liquid feedstream is combined with a triglyceride feedstream then hydroprocessed to produce a distillate fuel end product.

Abstract: A method and system of converting biomass to biochar in a hydrothermal carbonization apparatus wherein subcritical water at a temperature of 230-350° C. and 500-3000 psi is reacted with the biomass to form biochar, biocrude and gases. The method and system include recycling the biocrude back to the hydrothermal carbonization apparatus which improves biochar yield and provides water for the biomass reaction to occur.

Abstract: The invention concerns a catalyst comprising a porous support, palladium, at least one metal selected from the group constituted by alkalis and alkaline-earths, in which: the specific surface area of the porous support is in the range 50 to 210 m2/g; the palladium content in the catalyst is in the range 0.05% to 2% by weight; at least 80% by weight of the palladium is distributed in a crust at the periphery of the support, the thickness of said crust being in the range 20 to 200 ?m; the metallic dispersion D is in the range 25% to 70%; the density of the palladium particles in the crust is in the range 1500 to 4100 particles of palladium per ?m2; and said alkali and/or alkaline-earth metal is distributed homogeneously across the support. The invention also concerns the preparation of the catalyst and its use in selective hydrogenation.

Abstract: Alkylation systems and methods of minimizing alkylation catalyst regeneration are discussed herein. The alkylation systems generally include a preliminary alkylation system adapted to receive an input stream including an alkyl aromatic hydrocarbon and contact the input stream with a first preliminary alkylation catalyst disposed therein to form a first output stream. The first preliminary alkylation catalyst generally includes a Y zeolite. The systems further include a first alkylation system adapted to receive the first output stream and contact the first output stream with a first alkylation catalyst disposed therein and an alkylating agent to form a second output stream.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst composition and a process for di-, tri- and/or tetramerization of ethylene, wherein the catalyst composition comprises a chromium compound, a ligand of the general structure (A) R1R2P—N(R3)—P(R4)—N(R5)—H or (B) R1R2P—N(R3)—P(R4)—N(R5)—PR6R7, or any cyclic derivatives of (A) and (B), wherein at least one of the P or N atoms of the PNPN-unit or PNPNP-unit is member of a ring system, the ring system being formed from one or more constituent compounds of structures (A) or (B) by substitution and a co-catalyst or activator.

Abstract: Ethylene is oligomerized with a catalyst in which nickel is supported on a support containing silica and alumina. The catalyst has little deterioration over long periods and affords oligomers with high productivity. The ethylene oligomerization catalyst includes a support and a nickel compound supported on the support, the support including silica and alumina, and the amount of nickel supported is in the range of 0.0001 to 1 wt % based on the weight of the support, and the molar ratio of silica to alumina in the support (SiO2/Al2O3) is in the range of 100 to 2000. In a process of the invention, ethylene is oligomerized with use of the catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the activation of a copper, zinc and zirconium oxide-comprising adsorption composition for the adsorptive removal of carbon monoxide from substance streams comprising carbon monoxide and at least one olefin wherein (i) in a first activation step an activation gas mixture comprising the olefin and an inert gas is passed through the adsorption composition, and (ii) in a second activation step the adsorption composition is heated to a temperature in the range from 180 to 300° C. and an inert gas is passed through it, wherein the steps (i) and (ii) can each be performed several times.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the regeneration of a copper-, zinc- and zirconium oxide-comprising adsorption composition after use thereof for the adsorptive removal of carbon monoxide from substance streams comprising carbon monoxide and at least one olefin, in which the adsorption composition is heated to a temperature in the range from 160 to 400° C. and a regeneration gas is passed through the adsorption composition, wherein the regeneration gas comprises 1000 to 3000 ppm of oxygen in an inert carrier gas.

Abstract: Apparatus and associated methods for a wound valve assembly provide an annular space extending radially around a central portion of a valve, which valve acts to substantially relieve pressure build up in a thoracic cavity when applied to a thoracic wound. In an illustrative example, the valve assembly may form an annular space that extends radially in all directions around a check valve. In some examples, gasses and exudates may flow substantially radially and/or parallel to the patient's local body. Various embodiments may advantageously provide open fluid communication for the gasses and exudates escaping from the wound when the valve assembly is partially covered (e.g., body armor, clothing, blankets), or when the patient may be lying down on the side of the body with the wound, for example.

Abstract: A dressing for covering a wound in which the dressing includes: a first component having a first shape with a first dimension; a second component releasably attached to a first surface of the first component to maintain the first component in a second shape different from the first shape, the second shape having a second dimension longer than the first dimension; and an adhesive disposed on a surface of the first component different from the first surface for attaching the first component to the wound such that the second component can be released from the first component to allow the first component to take the first shape to apply a pressure to portions of the skin surrounding the wound to close the wound.

Abstract: A three dimensional printed article having a composite image printed thereon is disclosed. The composite image includes top and bottom artwork portions printed on the top and bottom surfaces of the printed article substrate. Both artwork portions are visible through a translucent or transparent substrate, thereby forming a visible composite image. The substrate can be a non-woven web. By printing on both surfaces of the substrate, the three dimensional printed article provides a good quality, aesthetically pleasing three-dimensional image that limits the loss of color and appearance of fuzz during normal use of the article. The three-dimensional printed article allows a more versatile creation of process colors and reduces the number of spot colors required to print the composite image. The three-dimensional printed article can be integrated into an absorbent article, such as a diaper. A method of printing the three-dimensional printed article and forming the absorbent article are also disclosed.

Abstract: A nonwoven material including at least two layers integrated into each other, for use as a body facing sheet in an absorbent article. The first layer includes spunlaid filaments and the second layer includes staple fibers. The staple fibers have a thickness ?1.5 dtex, and the filaments have a thickness ?2.5 dtex. Further, an absorbent article, such as a sanitary napkin, panty liner, incontinence protector or diaper can include the nonwoven material as a body facing sheet.

Abstract: Methods for conveying Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis (FOM) race 1,2 resistance into non-resistant melon germplasm are provided, in some embodiments, the methods include introgressing FOM race 1,2 resistance into a non-resistant melon using one or more nucleic acid markers for marker-assisted selection among melon lines to be used in a melon breeding program, wherein the markers are linked to FOM race 1,2 resistance. Also provided are quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with resistance to FOM race 1,2; isolated and purified genetic markers associated with FOM race 1,2 resistance; melon plants, seeds, and tissue cultures produced by any of the disclosed methods; fruit and seed produced by the disclosed melon plants; and compositions including amplification primer pairs capable of initiating DNA polymerization by a DNA polymerase on melon nucleic acid templates to generate melon marker amplicons.

Abstract: A novel maize variety designated X05A935 and seed, plants and plant parts thereof, produced by crossing Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. proprietary inbred maize varieties. Methods for producing a maize plant that comprises crossing hybrid maize variety X05A935 with another maize plant. Methods for producing a maize plant containing in its genetic material one or more traits introgressed into X05A935 through backcross conversion and/or transformation, and to the maize seed, plant and plant part produced thereby. This invention relates to the maize variety X05A935, the seed, the plant produced from the seed, and variants, mutants, and minor modifications of maize variety X05A935. This invention further relates to methods for producing maize varieties derived from maize variety X05A935.

Abstract: The present invention features Nicotiana nucleic acid sequences such as sequences encoding constitutive, or ethylene or senescence induced polypeptides, in particular cytochrome p450 enzymes, in Nicotiana plants and methods for using these nucleic acid sequences and plants to alter desirable traits, for example by using breeding protocols.

Abstract: This invention relates to an isolated nucleic acid fragment encoding a Myb-related transcription factor. The invention also relates to the construction of a chimeric gene encoding all or a portion of the Myb-related transcription factor, in sense or antisense orientation, wherein expression of the chimeric gene results in production of altered levels of the Myb-related transcription factor in a transformed host cell.

Abstract: This invention is in the field of biotechnology, in particular, this pertains to polynucleotide sequences encoding membrane bound O-acyltransferase genes and the use of these acyltransferases for altering fatty acid profiles in oilseed plants. Methods for increasing elongation and desaturation conversion efficiencies are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to expression in plants of pectinolytic enzymes and of pectin methylesterase inhibitors for increasing the degradability of plant tissues through enzymatic digestion, thus improving saccharification efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for obtaining a plant with increased stress resistance relative to a wild-type plant, comprising: (a) introducing at least one mutation or exogenous nucleic acid into the genome of one or more plant cells which results in reduced activity associated with SAL1 or a homologue thereof in said one or more plant cells; (b) regenerating one or more plants from said one or more plant cells; and (c) selecting one or more plants that have increased stress resistance relative to a wild-type plant.

Abstract: A transgenic plant transformed by a Stress-Related Polypeptide (SRP) coding nucleic acid, wherein expression of the nucleic acid sequence in the plant results in the plant's increased growth under normal or stress conditions and/or increased tolerance to environmental stress as compared to a wild type variety of the plant. Also provided are agricultural products, including seeds, produced by the transgenic plants. Also provided are isolated SRPs, and isolated nucleic acid coding SRPs, and vectors and host cells containing the latter.

Abstract: This invention relates to the field of bolting and flowering time control in sugar beet, specifically to methods as well as nucleic acid molecules, chimeric constructs, and vectors for engineering bolting resistance in sugar beet by means of altering the expression of the Beta vulgaris homologues BvFT1 and BvFT2 of the FT gene. In particular, the present invention provides sugar beet plants having a phenotype of bolting resistance.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for producing glyphosate-tolerant wheat genotypes by mutagenesis, glyphosate wheat plants produced by such methods, and related compositions and methods.

Abstract: The invention provides novel polypeptides, and variants and fragments thereof, having pesticidal activity against nematodes. Particular embodiments of the invention provide isolated nucleic acids encoding pesticidal proteins, biopesticide compositions, expression cassettes, and transformed microorganisms and plants comprising a nucleic acid of the invention. These compositions find use in methods for controlling pests, especially plant parasitic nematodes.

Abstract: The invention relates to improved Brassica species, including Brassica juncea, improved oil and meal from Brassica juncea, methods for generation of such improved Brassica species, and methods for selection of Brassica lines. Further embodiments relate to seeds of Brassica juncea comprising an endogenous oil having increased oleic acid content and decreased linolenic acid content relative to presently existing commercial cultivars of Brassica juncea, seeds of Brassica juncea having traits for increased oleic acid content and decreased linolenic acid content in seed oil stably incorporated therein, and one or more generations of progeny plants produced from said seeds.

Abstract: A novel soybean variety, designated XR33AQ12 is provided. Also provided are the seeds of soybean variety XR33AQ12, cells from soybean variety XR33AQ12, plants of soybean XR33AQ12, and plant parts of soybean variety XR33AQ12. Methods provided include producing a soybean plant by crossing soybean variety XR33AQ12 with another soybean plant, methods for introgressing a transgenic trait, a mutant trait, and/or a native trait into soybean variety XR33AQ12, methods for producing other soybean varieties or plant parts derived from soybean variety XR33AQ12, and methods of characterizing soybean variety XR33AQ12. Soybean seed, cells, plants, germplasm, breeding lines, varieties, and plant parts produced by these methods and/or derived from soybean variety XR33AQ12 are further provided.

Abstract: A novel soybean variety, designated XB47U12 is provided. Also provided are the seeds of soybean variety XB47U12, cells from soybean variety XB47U12, plants of soybean XB47U12, and plant parts of soybean variety XB47U12. Methods provided include producing a soybean plant by crossing soybean variety XB47U12 with another soybean plant, methods for introgressing a transgenic trait, a mutant trait, and/or a native trait into soybean variety XB47U12, methods for producing other soybean varieties or plant parts derived from soybean variety XB47U12, and methods of characterizing soybean variety XB47U12. Soybean seed, cells, plants, germplasm, breeding lines, varieties, and plant parts produced by these methods and/or derived from soybean variety XB47U12 are further provided.