Abstract: A touch display device including a display, a touch panel and a transparent shielding layer is provided. The touch panel is disposed on the display, and includes a substrate and touch sensors positioned thereon. The transparent shielding layer is set between the display and the touch sensors of the touch panel, and includes an edge region and a central region wherein the impedance of the edge region is less than or equal to that of the central region.

Abstract: Generally, this disclosure concerns the angle sensitivity of polarization switch elements and the resulting impact of the ray direction on performance. More specifically, apparatus and techniques for compensating the angular sensitivity of liquid crystal (LC) polarization switches are described that enhance the performance of polarization switches. For example, a polarization switch is disclosed that transforms linearly polarized light of an initial polarization orientation that includes a first and second liquid crystal cell with a compensator located between the LC cells. The compensator layer is operable to enhance the field of view through the polarization switch. Such compensation techniques are particularly useful for short-throw projection environments.

Abstract: A stereoscopic display includes: a display panel configured to display an image in either one of two or more arrangement states including a first arrangement state and a second arrangement state which are switchable with each other; and a lens array device arranged to face a display surface of the display panel. The lens array device produces a lens effect in a direction, the direction of effect being changed between in the first arrangement state and in the second arrangement state. The display panel includes an array of a plurality of sub-pixels, and a combination of sub-pixels used as a unit pixel is changed between in the first arrangement state and in the second arrangement state.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is provided which has a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, in which liquid crystal molecules are vertically aligned with respect to the substrates when no voltage is applied between the substrates and the liquid crystal molecules tilt in a plurality of directions to be almost parallel to the substrates by applying a voltage between the substrates. In the liquid crystal layer, when the voltage is applied, a proportion of a region where the liquid crystal molecules tilt in a direction of 0 degrees to 180 degrees is different from a proportion of a region where the liquid crystal molecules tilt in a direction of 180 degrees to 360 degrees with the angle being defined counterclockwise with the right direction on a screen being 0 degrees.

Abstract: A planar light source device including: a light source; an optical sheet that emits light incident from the light source; a rear frame that is disposed to support the optical sheet; and a reflection sheet, which is included inside the rear frame, and which includes the optical sheet, wherein the reflection sheet has a positioning portion including a notch portion and a bent portion, and wherein the optical sheet has a shape fitting to the positioning portion. The shape of the optical sheet may be not point-symmetrical and may be not line-symmetrical viewing from a light emitting direction.

Abstract: A backlight module is disclosed, which includes an outer frame having a sidewall and a hole formed on the sidewall, an inner frame disposed inside of the outer frame, and an adhesive device. The inner frame includes a block wall and a support. The block wall has an inner surface, an outer surface, and a breakable section. The outer surface is in contact with the sidewall, and the breakable section is disposed corresponding to the hole. The adhesive device is disposed on the support.

Abstract: A backlight module and a liquid crystal display device having the same, it comprises a LED light bar, a heat dissipating piece and a back plate. By using fixing elements, the LED light bar is fixed on the heat dissipating piece, and the heat dissipating piece is fixed on the back plate. It further comprises a stopping piece, and the LED light bar is fixed on the heat dissipating piece by the fixing elements going through the stopping piece.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) system is provided. The LCD system includes a light-passable plate, an LCD panel and a controller. The light-passable plate is configured to allow natural light to pass through the light-passable plate; and the LCD panel is coupled to the light-passable plate and is configured to receive the natural light passing through the light-passable plate. Further, the controller is coupled to the LCD panel to control the LCD panel such that the natural light passing through the light-passable plate is used as backlight for operation of the LCD panel. The light-passable plate structurally supports the LCD panel in addition to providing the natural light to the LCD panel.

Abstract: An optical substrate having a structured prismatic surface and an opposing structured lenticular surface. The structured lenticular surface includes shallow-curved lens structures. Adjacent shallow-curved lens structure may be continuous or contiguous, or separated by a constant or variable spacing. The lens structure may have a longitudinal structure with a uniform or varying cross section. The lenticular lenses may have a laterally meandering structure. Sections of adjacent straight or meandering lenticular lenses may intersect or partially or completely overlap each other. The lenticular lenses may be in the form of discontinuous lenticular segments. The lenticular segments may have regular, symmetrical shapes, or irregular, asymmetrical shapes, which may be intersecting or overlapping, and may be textured. The lens structure may be provided with isolated ripples, in the form of a single knot, or a series of knots.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) is provided. The LCD includes at least one light source which provides light, a display panel which includes pixels reflecting the light from the light source, and at least one light guide plate (LGP) which is formed substantially parallel to a surface of the display panel and is separated from the display panel, wherein a predetermined space is defined between the LGP and the display panel, and the LGP guides the light emitted from the light source to the pixels and allows the light reflected by the pixels to pass through the LGP.

Abstract: The present invention provides a display panel and a display apparatus using the same. The display panel comprises a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a first polarizer, a second polarizer, a half (½) wave plate and a quarter (¼) wave plate. The liquid crystal layer is formed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The first polarizer is disposed at an outer side of the first substrate. The second polarizer is disposed at an outer side of the second substrate. The half wave plate is disposed on the first polarizer. The quarter wave plate is disposed on the half wave plate. The invention can improve a chromatic dispersion problem of a 3D display.

Abstract: Disclosed is a transparent liquid crystal display device provided with a compensation film of a liquid crystal panel to change the polarizing state of light in an image mode thereby enhancing a viewing angle characteristic, and the transparent liquid crystal display device may include a liquid crystal panel; a light source disposed at one side of a lower portion of the liquid crystal panel to emit light; a first polarizing plate for polarizing the light emitted from the light source; a light guide plate disposed at a lower portion of the liquid crystal panel to totally reflect the light polarized to an axis by the first polarizing plate to a lateral surface thereof and supply to the liquid crystal panel, and transmit natural light entered from a lower direction therethrough; a second polarizing plate disposed at an upper portion of the liquid crystal panel to control the amount of polarized light transmitting the liquid crystal panel; and a first positive A-film disposed at a lower portion of the liquid cryst

Abstract: The present invention discloses a thin-film transistor (TFT) liquid crystal display device, a substrate, and a manufacturing method thereof. The TFT substrate includes: a glass substrate and signal lines, scan lines, a first pixel electrode, a second pixel electrode, a common electrode, and the TFT. The first pixel electrode and the second pixel electrode at least partially overlap each other. The second pixel electrode forms a plurality of horizontally arranged slits and the first pixel electrode forms a hollow structure in a portion overlapping the second pixel electrode. Through the above method, the present invention increases transmittance, improve view angle color shift, and improve the quality of image.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate, a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix on the substrate where each pixel includes a switching element, a plurality of gate lines that are connected to the switching elements and extend in a row direction, and a gate driver that is connected to the gate lines and is formed on the substrate as an integrated circuit. In the liquid crystal display, the gate driver includes a first region and a second region that is not aligned with the first region.

Abstract: A lithographic projection apparatus is disclosed in which a liquid supply system provides a liquid between the projection system and the substrate. An active drying station is provided to actively remove the liquid from the substrate W or other objects after immersion of all or part of a surface of the substrate W or other objects.

Abstract: A device manufacturing apparatus includes a driving unit configured to perform driving for processing an object, a conduit through which a coolant that recovers heat generated by the driving unit flows, a cooler configure to cool the coolant that flows through the conduit, a heater configured to heat the coolant cooled by the cooler so that the driving unit cooled by the heated coolant has a target temperature, and a controller configured to heighten a target temperature of the coolant cooled by the cooler, if it is determined, based on control information to control the driving unit, that a heat amount to be generated by the driving unit decreases.

Abstract: A fluid handling structure configured to supply immersion liquid to a space defined between a projection system and a facing surface facing the fluid handling structure is disclosed. An undersurface of the fluid handling structure has a supply opening configured to supply fluid toward the facing surface, a plurality of extraction openings configured to remove fluid from between the fluid handling structure and the facing surface, and a protrusion between the supply opening and the extraction openings.

Abstract: Liquid is supplied to a space between the projection system and the substrate by an inlet. In an embodiment, an overflow region removes liquid above a given level. The overflow region may be arranged above the inlet and thus the liquid may be constantly refreshed and the pressure in the liquid may remain substantially constant.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for cleaning the inside of an immersion lithographic apparatus is disclosed. In particular, a liquid supply system of the lithographic apparatus may be used to introduce a cleaning fluid into a space between the projection system and the substrate table of the lithographic apparatus. Additionally or alternatively, a cleaning device may be provided on the substrate table and an ultrasonic emitter may be provided to create an ultrasonic cleaning liquid.

Abstract: An optical integrator has a plurality of wavefront dividing elements two-dimensionally arrayed, and is so configured that a ray group obliquely incident to an optical-axis center of an entrance face of each wavefront dividing element is emitted in parallel with the optical axis from the wavefront dividing element. In each of a required number of wavefront dividing elements out of the plurality of wavefront dividing elements, at least one curved optical face of the wavefront dividing element is formed as inclined around an axis along a predetermined direction passing an optical-axis center of an entrance face of the wavefront dividing element and being perpendicular to the optical axis AXe.

Abstract: An immersion lithographic apparatus is described in which an inlet is provided to provide cleaning fluid to a space between an object, such as a substrate, positioned on a substrate table and the substrate table.

Abstract: An exposure method includes a first step for measuring position information of a substrate while controlling a substrate stage to move the substrate stage in a state that an optical path space is filled with a liquid under a predetermined condition; a second step for obtaining a movement control accuracy of the substrate stage based on a result of the measurement; a third step for determining an exposure condition, for exposing the substrate, based on the obtained movement control accuracy; and a fourth step for exposing the substrate based on the determined exposure condition. This makes it possible to satisfactorily expose the substrate at the time of exposing the substrate based on the liquid immersion method.

Abstract: A laser range finder includes: a light source emitting light from a linear light-emitting portion with making a divergent angle of the light larger in a transversal direction of the light-emitting portion than in a longitudinal direction thereof; an objective lens projecting the light onto a target object and converging reflection light; a partial reflection member disposed between the light source and the objective lens and having a partial reflection surface composed of a transmitting area transmitting light emitted from the light source and receiving areas reflecting reflection light; and a photodetector detecting the reflection light reflected by the receiving areas; wherein the light source and the partial reflection member are disposed with making the longitudinal direction of the light-emitting portion disposed substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the transmitting area as seen along an optical axis.

Abstract: A clock driver outputs first and second preferably complementary clock signals coupled to substantially equal capacitive loads. Before each clock state change, the clock driver briefly shorts-together the first and second clock signals, to equalize change on capacitive loads, which each assume a potential midway between high and low power supply levels. Charge from the logic high clock signal can thus be used to raise logic low level clock line, and vice versa, rather than draw power supply current. Substantial energy savings on the order of C·V2·f is achieved, where C is effective capacitive load, V is power supply magnitude, and f is clock frequency. The clock driver includes first and second enhanced inverters (inverters that cannot enter short-circuit current mode) whose outputs are the first and second clock signals, and a transistor switch coupled between the inverter outputs. Turning on the transistor switch forces charge equalization.

Abstract: A method of increasing signal-to-noise ratio of a distance-measuring device includes a light-emitting component emitting a detecting light to a measured object during an emitting period for generating a reflected light, a delay period after the light-emitting component emitting the detecting light, a light-sensing component sensing the energy of the reflected light to generate a light-sensing signal, and obtaining a measured distance between the distance-measuring device and the measured object according to the energy of the detecting light and the light-sensing signal. Since the measured distance is longer than a predetermined shortest measured distance, the method can accordingly calculate a proper delay period for ensuring that the reflected light reaches the light-sensing component after the delay period. In this way, the light-sensing component does not sense the background light during the delay period, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of the light-sensing signal is improved.

Abstract: There is provided a system for detecting distant seaborne objects by an airborne vehicle, including a seeker head having an axis in the direction of flight, a sensor mounted on the seeker's head, the sensor being operative to transmit towards the sea surface a laser radiation beam of selected wavelength and to receive from the sea water surface radiation reflected from the sea water surface and from a seaborne object, and a computing unit for differentiating between the reflection received from the sea water surface and from the seaborne object. A method for detecting distant seaborne objects by an airborne vehicle is also provided.

Abstract: A method for enumerating platelets within a blood sample is provided. The method includes the steps of: 1) depositing the sample into a sample container having an analysis chamber adapted to quiescently hold the sample for analysis, and an amount of colorant that platelets absorb and which fluoresces upon exposure to one or more predetermined first wavelengths of light; 2) imaging at least a portion of the sample disposed in the analysis chamber, including producing image signals indicative of fluorescent emissions from the platelets illuminated by first wavelengths of light; 3) identifying the platelets using the image signals; and 4) enumerating individual platelets and clumped platelets within the sample using one or more of fluorescent emissions, area, shape, and granularity.

Abstract: Failure events detected by a laser surgery monitoring feedback circuit are analyzed in order to distinguish between events that result from fiber breakdown and those arising from other sources, such as burning of tissues. If the number of failure events within a predetermined time exceeds a predetermined count, then it is determined that the radiation is the result of fiber breakdown. If the number of failure events within the predetermined time is less than the predetermined count, then it is determined that the failure events result from other causes, such as heating of tissues by the laser. Based on the analysis, an override switch or alarm may be initiated.

Abstract: Provided are a defect inspecting method and a defect inspecting apparatus, wherein defect detecting sensitivity is improved and also haze measurement is performed using polarization detection, while suppressing damages to samples. The defect inspecting apparatus is provided with a light source which oscillates to a sample a laser beam having a wavelength band wherein a small energy is absorbed, and two independent detecting optical systems, i.e., a defect detecting optical system which detects defect scattered light generated by a defect, by radiating the laser beams oscillated by the light source, and a haze detecting optical system which detects roughness scattered light generated due to roughness of the wafer surface. Polarization detection is independently performed with respect to the scattered light detected by the two detecting optical systems, and based on the two different detection signals, defect determination and haze measurement are performed.

Abstract: In the inspection of a defect in a fine concave-convex pattern, a spectral waveform of a detection area of an inspection object is detected, area determination as to which area section determined by a pattern type of the inspection object the detection area belongs to is performed, a feature calculation equation and a determination index value which correspond to a determined area section and vary according to defect type is selected, feature calculation on the spectral waveform data in accordance with the selected feature calculation equation is performed, and a calculated feature value and the selected determination index value are compared to perform determination processing according to defect type.

Abstract: A microfluidic device comprising at least one microfluidic channel with an input and an output for allowing fluid flow; and at least one Raman fiber based probe having an excitation fiber probe and/or a collection fiber probe positioned so that one end of the probe is in the microfluidic channel.

Abstract: In a method of spatially detecting the chemical composition of nonmetallic components on a surface which is subsequently to be coated with a metallic and/or ceramic and/or organic layer, a laser optical device is provided. The turbine part is irradiated with monochromatic irradiation at a first wavelength (?in) with the laser optical device. Radiation is detected which is emitted by the surface at a second wavelength (?out) which is longer than the first wavelength (?in).

Abstract: A spectrophotometer including a light tube having a spectrophotometer head mounted to one end of the light tube and a diffraction grating head mounted to the opposite end. The spectrophotometer head having a bore therethrough for receiving incoming light from a light source providing a light path through the spectrophotometer head and light tube; Further, a slit is disposed in the light path and a vial of colored liquid is suspended halfway through the light path. The diffraction grating includes a bore aligned with the light path and includes a focusing lens and a diffraction grating disposed in the light path. The diffraction grating displaying a spectrum with an upper half displaying the spectrum of the light transmitted through the colored liquid and the lower half displaying the spectrum of the light source.

Abstract: Technologies are generally described for systems and methods for detecting chiral properties of materials and separating materials based on their chiral properties. A chiral vector is constructed from anisotropy properties of a polarization-dependent output signal from a sample. Different types of molecules from the sample can be differentiated based on a magnitude of the chiral vector. Chiral properties of the sample can be detected based on an angle of the chiral vector. The output signal can be a fluorescent emission from the sample and can be used to detect chiral properties of a substantially opaque sample.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to bioassays, as well as related devices and methods for detecting targets. The targets may be molecules and/or biological products that a user is interested in analyzing to determine information such as their presence and/or concentration in a sample.

Abstract: [Problem to be Solved] To provide a smoke sensing system, a smoke sensor and a receiver that can accurately determine the type of smoke.

Abstract: A system and method of use thereof that enables determining and setting sample alignment based on the location of, and geometric attributes of a monitored image formed by reflection of an electromagnetic beam from a sample and into an image monitor, which beam is directed to be incident onto the sample along a locus which is substantially normal to the surface of the sample.

Abstract: An alignment feature disposed on a substrate, the alignment feature including a first lithographic pattern having a first aggregate geometric center point defined by a first sub-pattern comprising alignment marks having a first sub-pattern geometric center point arranged a distance (d0) in a first direction from the first aggregate geometric center point, and a second sub-pattern comprising alignment marks having a second sub-pattern geometric center point arranged the distance d0 in a reciprocal direction of the first direction from the first aggregate geometric center point.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for assessment of a sealed package. Light is emitted from a narrow-band laser source towards said package from outside of said package. An absorption signal of said light scattered in said package is measured, wherein said absorption is caused by said at least one gas when said light is scattered and travels in said sealed package. Measuring is made outside of said package, whereby said assessment is non-intrusive with regard to said package. It is determined if a deviation exists from a predetermined, expected gas composition and/or concentration of said at least one gas within said sealed package based on said measured absorption signal. Thus sealing of said package for said gas is detected.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method of detecting a change in a chemical composition by contacting a doped oxide material with a monitored stream, illuminating the doped oxide material with incident light, collecting exiting light, monitoring an optical signal based on a comparison of the incident light and the exiting light, and detecting a shift in the optical signal. The doped metal oxide has a carrier concentration of at least 1018/cm3, a bandgap of at least 2 eV, and an electronic conductivity of at least 101 S/cm, where parameters are specified at a temperature of 25° C. The optical response of the doped oxide materials results from the high carrier concentration of the doped metal oxide, and the resulting impact of changing gas atmospheres on that relatively high carrier concentration. These changes in effective carrier densities of conducting metal oxide nanoparticles are postulated to be responsible for the change in measured optical absorption associated with free carriers.

Abstract: A diagnostic assay system including a test device and a scanning device are described. In one implementation, the scanning device includes a source of electromagnetic radiation, an optics assembly, a detector, and a microprocessor disposed within a chassis. The test device and scanning device may be configured to be movable relative to each other during operation of the scanning device.

Abstract: A substrate of a target substance detection element to be used for a detection apparatus for detecting a target substance, utilizing surface plasmon resonance, comprises a base and a metal structure arranged on the surface of the base in a localized manner or a metal film having an aperture and arranged on the surface of the base, the metal structure or the aperture, whichever appropriate, having at least either of a loop section and a crossing section.

Abstract: A method for compensating for errors in a spectrometer is provided that includes measuring at least a portion of a path length for a signal traveling through the spectrometer during a measurement scan of a material. A detector signal corresponding to the measurement scan is generated. Compensation for errors in the detector signal is provided based on the measurement of the path length.

Abstract: A method, system and apparatus for obtaining a parameter of interest relating to a wellbore is disclosed. A fiber optic cable having a plurality of sensors is disposed in the wellbore, wherein the plurality of sensors have reflectivity values configured to provide improved signal-to-noise ratio compared to signal-to-noise ratio of a plurality of sensors having substantially same reflectivity values. Light is propagated into the fiber optic cable from a light source and signals are received at a detector from the plurality of sensors in response to interaction of the propagated light with the plurality of sensors. A processor may be used to obtain the parameter of interest from the received signals. The fiber optic cable may be coupled to a member in the wellbore, wherein the parameter of interest is related to the member.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus includes a light source; a first beam splitter for reflecting a projection beam emitted by the light source; an objective lens unit including a reflection reference surface for reproducing the projection beam into a measurement beam projected onto an object to generate a first reflection beam and a reference beam projected onto the reflection reference surface to generate a second reflection beam mixing with the first reflection beam and passing through the first splitter and forming an operating beam; a second beam splitter for modulating the operating beam into first and second sub-beams; a monochrome image detection device for passage of the first sub-beam to obtain an interferometric image with monochrome from a first interference region; and an image detection device for permitting passage of the second sub-beam in order to obtain a non-interferometric image from a second interference region.

Abstract: A laser scanner or a laser tracker includes a light source that emits a light beam within an environment, and a data capture component that captures the light beam reflected back to the laser scanner or tracker from the environment. The laser scanner or tracker also includes a projector integrated within a body of the laser scanner or tracker or mounted to the body of the laser scanner or tracker at a predetermined location, the projector being operable to project visible information onto an object located within the environment, the projected visible information being indicative of images, data or information, the projected visible information being at least one of design intent information, information acquired by the laser scanner or tracker, or guidance to an operator.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining surface topology of a portion of a three-dimensional structure is provided, that includes a probing member, an illumination unit, a light focusing optics, a translation mechanism, a detector and a processor.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining surface topology of a portion of a three-dimensional structure is provided, that includes a probing member, an illumination unit, a light focusing optics, a translation mechanism, a detector and a processor.

Abstract: A measuring device comprising a light source unit for projecting a pulsed distance measuring light, a projecting light optical system, a light receiving optical system for receiving a reflected pulsed distance measuring light, a light receiving part having a single photodetector, and a control unit for measuring a distance by measuring time from light emission of the pulsed distance measuring light to receipt of the reflected pulsed distance measuring light is disclosed. The light source unit has a plurality of light emitting sources arranged in a known relation and a driving unit for driving the light emitting sources at a predetermined time interval. The light receiving part has a reduced optical system arranged at position conjugate to the light emitting source for guiding the reflected pulsed distance measuring light to the photodetector. The control unit is designed to identify a photodetection signal by matching it with the light emitting source.

Abstract: A simplified system and method for synchronizing a three dimensional digitizers is disclosed. Various three dimensional digitizers utilize detected light sequences received from a probe as a synchronization signal negating the need for complex synchronization circuitry and communication signals. One embodiment utilizes no transmitted synchronization signal, but relies on embedded, high-stability clocks to maintain synchronization after initial one-time synchronization of the clocks. In this manner the design of the three dimensional digitizer may be simplified.