Abstract: A system for determining a location on a 2D surface or in a 3D volume. The system includes a probe and a tracker. The probe includes a marker, an indicator, and a reflective surface, wherein the probe is configured so the reflective surface forms a virtual image of the marker having an apparent location coincident to a location of the indicator. The tracker configured to measure the apparent location of the virtual image of the marker.

Abstract: A chassis measuring system comprises an illumination device for producing a structured illumination (38, 58, 78, 98), which is developed in such a way that it produces a structured image on a measuring head (32, 52; 72, 92) situated opposite in the transverse vehicle direction, a reference surface (40, 60, 80, 100) facing in the same direction as the illumination device (38, 58, 78, 98), on which a structured image produced by an illumination device (38, 58; 78, 98) of the measuring head (32, 52; 72, 92) situated opposite in the transverse vehicle direction may be projected, and at least one measuring camera (34, 36; 54, 56; 74, 76; 94, 96) facing in the same direction as the illumination device (38, 58, 78, 98), which is developed in such a way that it detects the structured image on the reference surface (40, 60; 80, 100) of the opposite measuring head (32, 52; 72, 92) in order to determine the position parameters of the measuring head (32, 52, 72, 92).

Abstract: A measurement system comprising an elongated member, a distal member connected to an end of the elongated member, the distal member having one or more register members to define a reference point(s), and a beam measurement device mounted to the distal member and configured to generate a beam at least a portion of the beam having a first axis essentially perpendicular to the reference point(s), the beam measurement device determining distance data based on the reflection of at least a portion of the beam.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is provided. The image forming apparatus includes a reading section configured to read an original document, a printing section configured to perform duplex printing including printing N sheets on first sides thereof and subsequently printing M sheets on second sides thereof when printing an image of the original document read by the reading section, wherein M is equal to or smaller than N, a determination section configured to calculate a preparation time required to generate print data based on a copy setting which affects the preparation time, and configured to determine the value of N, wherein the determination section determines a smaller value as the value of N, as the preparation time is longer, and a control section configured to control the printing section to perform the duplex printing in accordance with the value of N determined by the determination section.

Abstract: A program executing apparatus, includes: a nonvolatile memory that stores a program for activating an equipment and a variable used in the program and sustains the stored program and the variable even though power is not supplied, the program and the variable being able to be read out and written into the nonvolatile memory; and an executing unit that transmits the program and the variable to the nonvolatile memory when the activation of the equipment is instructed at an initial status where the program and the variable are not stored in the nonvolatile memory, and successively executes the program using the variable stored in the nonvolatile memory, and, when the activation of the equipment is re-instructed, executes the program using the variable stored in the nonvolatile memory.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus communicatable with other image processing apparatus, determines whether the other image processing apparatus has image data corresponding to application data and whether the image data is processible itself. If the apparatus determines the other apparatus has the image data and the data is processible itself, the apparatus acquires the image data from the other apparatus. If the image processing apparatus determines the other apparatus does not have the image data or the data is not processible, the apparatus acquires the application data from the other apparatus. When the application data is acquired, the image processing apparatus converts the data into image data of a printable data format. Then, the converted image data or the acquired image data is printed.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, a network system including the same and a management method of parts information of the same capable of matching specific information of an exchangeable part with specific information of the image forming apparatus when the specific information of the exchangeable part is not identical that of the image forming apparatus, is provided. It is determined whether the specific information of the image forming apparatus is identical to that of the exchangeable part. If the specific information of the image forming apparatus is not identical to that of the exchangeable part, at least one specific information of the image forming apparatus or the exchangeable part is changed such that the specific information is identical.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus is provided, which includes an image forming unit to output print data; a DLNA stack to create a job ID of a print job requested to be executed in response to a print job execution request received from a control point (CP) connected over the DLNA network, and to create a data sink address including a fixed portion and a variable portion to receive a print data of the print job, using the created job ID; a communication interface to transmit the created job ID and the created data sink address to the CP, and to receive print data corresponding to the data sink address from the CP; and a controller to assign the job ID to the received print data and to control the image forming unit to print the print data.

Abstract: A network connection method of an image forming apparatus to support wired and wireless network interfaces includes receiving a destination address, attempting to connect to a destination corresponding to the destination address by using each of the wired and wireless network interfaces, determining a network interface connectable to the destination, according to a result of the attempt, and transmitting data to the destination by using the connectable network interface.

Abstract: A data transfer device includes a serial interface including plural transmission paths and carrying out a data transfer operation with plural operating frequencies, transfer requesting units issuing a data transfer request to the serial interface, a request monitoring unit, a condition setting unit setting a set transmission path condition including at least one of a number of the transmission paths and an operating frequency used when the data transfer requests are issued to switch statuses of the data transfer requests to statuses of switching data transfer requests, a use transmission path condition determining unit determining the set transmission path condition corresponding to the status of the switching data transfer request as a use transmission path condition when the status of switching data transfer request corresponds to the status of data transfer request by comparing the statuses, and a switching unit switching to the use transmission path condition.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus and a method for providing a user interface (UI) screen of the image forming apparatus are provided. The image forming apparatus receives a UI screen to be displayed on a display unit thereof from a web server that is connected to a web browser of the image forming apparatus. In some embodiments, a UI screen corresponding to screen information of the display unit and apparatus information of the image forming apparatus is received from the web server and displayed.

Abstract: In an image display apparatus, when image data is transferred from an LCD controller to an LCD through a transmission cable having a plurality of signal lines and is displayed on a screen, the image data is divided sequentially by a plurality of lines from a front line so as to correspond to the number of signal lines and allocates the divided image data to the signal lines such that image data of which signal change is larger is allocated to a signal line which is closer to the ground line to transfer the image data. Therefore, the entire radiation noise which is generated can be reduced while maintaining quality of signals.

Abstract: A method to control a communication device to communicate with a first external device in a first communication method and with a second external device in a second communication method is provided. The method includes steps of determining prior to communicating in the first communication method whether the communication device is under an ongoing communication session in the second communication method, executing one of switching the communication methods in the communication device from the second communication method to the first communication method when the communication device is not under any ongoing communication session in the second communication method and maintaining the second communication method set in the communication device when the communication device is under an ongoing communication session, and communicating with the first external device in the first communication method after switching the communication methods from the second communication method to the first communication method.

Abstract: A management apparatus according to the present invention controls whether history information is requested when it is specified that an image forming apparatus as an acquisition target of the history information is in a power saving state. When a return notification from the power saving state is issued after the image forming apparatus as the target requests previous history information, even in the power saving state of the image forming apparatus, the request is issued. The request is not issued when the image forming apparatus does not issue the return notification after the image forming apparatus as the target requests previous history information.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a processor, a storage unit that stores a text language processing program, an operational panel, a communication interface, and an input unit. A user application stored in the includes descriptions on (a) a conditioned reset statement with a first condition expression including an input value from the input unit and (b) a pair of (b1) at least on process executing statement and (b2) an attribution of an icon to be displayed on either a remote console via the communication interface or the operation panel. The text language processing program causes the processor (a) to interpret the user application, (b) to determine whether the first condition expression is satisfied, (c) to detect a user operation to the icon, if a result of the determination is a predetermined one, and (d) upon detecting the user operation, to execute the at least one process executing statement.

Abstract: In an image network system used for network print service which receives an order for printing or the like by using a communication network such as the Internet, there are provided a center server capable of providing service which is different depending upon points given to a customer according to an order track record, at a time of using the system, capable of suitably setting a storage capacity and a storage period of an image for a user without placing a burden on the user while importance is placed on an operational efficiency of the system, capable of allowing a user to upload images as many as possible in an album, and useful for prompting an order, and an image network system including the center server.

Abstract: A designator is operable to designate image data indicative of an image. A setting provider is operable to provide a print size condition determining a print size of the image and a first image quality condition determining a first print image quality of the image. A first generator is operable to generate print data indicative of a printed image which is obtained by subjecting the image data to processing corresponding to 1) magnification of the image based on the print size condition, and 2) execution of image processing on the image based on the first image quality condition, which are executed in a predetermined order. A specifier is operable to specify at least one part of the image.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes: a reception unit that receives an image in gray-level representation with respect to a pixel; a determination unit that determines a deviation direction of a pixel value of the pixel in the image received by the reception unit; and a processing unit that performs processing on the image received by the reception unit based on the deviation direction determined by the determination unit.

Abstract: A printing apparatus which prints an image on a medium, including a head which discharges ink droplets from nozzles, wherein the medium is transparent, two pieces of image data are prepared, one piece of image data is selected from the two pieces of image data to set the selected image data to one of a first image and a second image, the other piece of image data is set to the other of the first image and the second image, the image data set to the first image is subjected to a processing to be mirror image data, and the head prints the mirror image of the first image on the medium, prints a background image on the mirror image of the first image, and prints a real image of the second image on the background image.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of band rendering an image. The method comprises receiving (201) object data of the image in the page description language. From this the method determines a plurality of buckets (bucket #1-#3, FIG. 14) by which the object data is to be divided. The method then assigns (FIG. 3, 350) object data of each object in the image to one of the buckets based on an initial visibility of the object in the image. Then, for each band of the image, in a band sequential fashion (900, 920), the method identifies (1016-1024) object data visible within a band from a subset of the buckets active for the band. Then, the method analysis (FIGS. 10(i)-(iii); 1028-1052) the identified object data within the band and selects at least one rendering method (RCCR, PCR) from a plurality of rendering methods by which the band is to be rendered. Then the method renders (960,970) the identified object data into the band from the object data using the selected at least one rendering method.

Abstract: A system and method for generating randomized remixed graphical images is provided. A database comprising a plurality of files representing graphic images is linked to a processor and computer executable instructions. Multiple image files are randomly obtained and randomly merged to form a new and unique merged image. The merged image can be manipulated and can be transferred to a substrate.

Abstract: A color space converting section of an image processing device waits to output when acquiring partial data including gray prior to partial data including a chromatic color. After starting to wait, when acquiring partial data including a chromatic color, the converting section outputs multi-color converted data as the converted data expressing gray by a combination of densities of the multiple colors with respect to the partial data its output has been waited. While, when the acquisition of the image data was completed without acquiring any partial data including a chromatic color, the converting section outputs a single black color converted data as the converted data expressing gray by a density of a single color black with respect to the partial data its output has been waited. When acquiring partial data including a chromatic color, then the converting section converts partial data acquired thereafter into the multi-color converted data.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing imaging optical elements which cause a plural light beams to enter a deflection unit, and guide those beams to corresponding surfaces to be scanned, the imaging optical elements being arranged optically at the same position, having the same optical performance, the method including: measuring, with respect to the imaging optical elements having the same optical performance, the optical performance at each of a plurality of positions of the different light beam passing states; calculating a correction shape of an optical functional surface of the imaging optical element based on a deviation amount from a design value of the optical functional surface of the imaging optical element; performing correction processing on a shape of a mirror-finish insert of a mold for molding based on the correction shape of the optical functional surface; and performing molding by using the mirror-finish insert subjected to the correction processing.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a plurality of color conversion tables for color-separation-limited printing. Using a color conversion table for color-separation-limited printing, a piece of input color information corresponding to chromatic color within a specified applying hue range for a specified specific color is converted into a piece of output color information corresponding to color having hue of the specific color, and a piece of the input color information corresponding to color outside of the applying hue range is converted into a piece of the output color information corresponding to gray color. Each of the color conversion tables for color-separation-limited printing is configured such that color values corresponding to saturation and lightness of the output color information are reduced at least in gradation from a maximum saturation part to a low-lightness part.

Abstract: A method for extracting step and repeat data from a halftone printing job (200). De-screening a halftone image data on a computer (104) to create a de-screened image. The de-screening (512) is performed on a halftone image data stored in a computer storage (116). The halftone image data contains at least one step and repeat element (208). The de-screened image is scanned (516) to identify unique pixel segments (520). All instances of the found unique pixel segments are used to reconstruct (524) the step and repeat data previously used to create the halftone printing job (200).

Abstract: A process for securing a document including a step of printing a distribution of dots on said document, said printing, as a result of unanticipated unknowns in printing, causing an unpredictable variation, dot by dot, of at least one geometric characteristic of the printed dots and prior to said print step, a step generating said distribution of dots so that at least half the dots of said distribution are not laterally juxtaposed to four other dots of said dot distribution, and at least one dimension of at least one part of the dots of said distribution of dots is of the same order of magnitude as the average for the absolute value of said unpredictable variation. In embodiments, during the step generating the dot distribution, more than half the dots do not touch any other dot of said distribution.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a storage unit, a conveyance unit configured to convey a document, a reading unit configured to read an image of the document line by line in a main scanning direction, a check unit configured to check a free space of the storage unit, a detection unit configured to generate detection processing data for determining a position of a portion of the image in the main scanning direction of the reading unit where the image cannot be read correctly and to detect the position using the detection processing data, both in response to the free space of the storage unit being sufficient to store the detection processing data, and a correction unit configured to correct a pixel value of the portion corresponding to the position detected by the detection unit in the image read by the reading unit.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus includes: a moving body on which a catch receiving portion is formed and which is movable in a predetermined direction; a fixing body on which a catching portion is formed to catch the catch receiving portion, and which is movable in a direction substantially orthogonal to the predetermined direction; a first position retaining portion for engaging a projected portion, formed on either one of a housing and the fixing body, with a first recessed portion formed on the other so that the fixing body can be retained in a position in which the catching portion catches the catch receiving portion; and a second position retaining portion for engaging the projected portion with a second recessed portion, formed on either the housing or the fixing body on which the first recessed portion is formed.

Abstract: Improved scanner designs are provided to improve imaging and reduce errors during the scanning process. Embodiments disclosed include, for example, the use of dual cameras to improve imagery and reduce the scanner enclosure size, synchronized lighting techniques during the scanning sequence, shielded lens for the camera scanner, a scanner enclosed on at least three sides, adjustments to scanner lighting based on the levels of ambient lighting, a combined branding and scanner apparatus, a gimbaled scanner mount, and a tilted platen with stop for document alignment.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus irradiates a document with light, and reads the document image based on the reflected light and includes a light source which includes a plurality of LEDs, and irradiates the document with light. The apparatus also includes an LED current adjusting unit which sets the amount of current to be supplied to each LED by changing the current amounts from the end portion to the central portion in the main scanning direction of document reading, and a driving circuit which drives the LEDs by the current amounts set by the LED current adjusting unit in correspondence with the LEDs.

Abstract: An optical writing control apparatus controls a light source to draw a correction pattern for correcting a parameter value of an image forming mechanism, detects the correction pattern transferred onto a conveyance member from a photosensitive member based on an output signal of a sensor, and corrects the parameter value based on the detected correction pattern; stores chromatic color progress information indicating a progress for a chromatic color mechanism corresponding to a chromatic color image occurring from when the correction operation was carried out and achromatic color progress information indicating a progress for an achromatic color mechanism corresponding to an achromatic color image occurring from when the correction operation was carried out; and stores a necessary threshold to determine that the correction operation is necessary and an unnecessary threshold to determine that the correction operation is unnecessary for the chromatic color progress information and the achromatic color progress i

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, configured to extract additional information added to an original document and perform a processing according to a result of the extraction, inputs image data obtained by causing a scanner to read an image of the original document, converts color component of the input image data into a color component different from the color component of the additional information, and causes a printer to print image data having the converted color component as a document to which a user can add additional information.

Abstract: A video image display device (1) is provided with an ocular optical system (12) that guides video image light from a display element (11) to the pupil of an observer through an ocular prism (21) and at the same time guides ambient light to the pupil of the observer through the ocular prism (21). The eyepiece optical system (12) has reflection planes set in the ocular prism (21) that are provided with three or more planes to fold down three or more times an optical path for the video image light from the display element (11), wherein an HOE (23) is formed on at least one plane of the reflection planes. The video image display device (1) satisfies a conditional equation that properly prescribes the relationship between an incident range of the video image light incident on the HOE (23) formed plane in the ocular prism (21) and a display screen size of the display element (11).

Abstract: An erecting equal-magnification lens array plate includes: a first lens array plate provided with a plurality of first lenses arranged on a first surface and a plurality of second lenses arranged on a second surface; and a second lens array plate provided with a plurality of third lenses arranged on a third surface and a plurality of fourth lenses arranged on a fourth surface. The first and second lens array plates are stacked. An intermediate light-shielding member provided with a plurality of intermediate through holes is between the first lens array plate and the second lens array plate. The intermediate through hole is formed such that the hole diameter is progressively smaller in a tapered fashion away from the second surface toward the third surface. A plurality of V grooves are formed in an area between adjacent second lenses on the second surface.

Abstract: The optical device includes a Fabry-Perot laser positioned on a base. A modulator is also positioned on the base so as to receive the output from the laser. The modulator is a Franz-Keldysh modulator that uses the Franz-Keldysh effect to modulate light signals. The laser and modulator are configured such that the modulator modulates the output from the laser and also such that the temperature dependence of the modulator tracks the temperature dependence of the laser.

Abstract: An optical modulator includes first and second modulation waveguides, a demultiplexer, first and second phase adjustment waveguides that changes phases of a light of the first and second modulation waveguides, a multiplexer that combines light outputs from the first and second phase adjustment waveguides, a gain controller and a modulator bias controller in which voltages of the first and second modulation signals are controlled so that a result of adding light from the first modulation waveguide to light from the second modulation waveguide where light from the first modulation waveguide has a predetermined phase is equal to a result of adding light from the first modulation waveguide to light from the second modulation waveguide where light from the second modulation waveguide has a predetermined phase. A phase-adjustment bias controller that controls phase amounts changed by the first and second phase adjustment waveguides so as to cancel phase errors.

Abstract: Certain example embodiments of this invention relate to electrochromic (EC) devices, assemblies incorporating electrochromic devices, and/or methods of making the same. More particularly, certain example embodiments of this invention relate to improved EC materials, EC device stacks, high-volume manufacturing (HVM) compatible process integration schemes, and/or high-throughput low cost deposition sources, equipment, and factories.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved electro-optic rearview mirror elements and assemblies incorporating the same.

Abstract: Techniques and configurations are provided to generate multiple coherent optical subcarriers. A laser source generates as output a light beam at a carrier frequency. A multicarrier generator is provided that is coupled to the laser source and comprises one or more dual carrier generators each configured to modulate the light beam at the same modulation frequency or different modulation frequencies so as to output a plurality of light beams each at a different subcarrier frequency that is offset from the carrier frequency. The multicarrier generator generates the plurality of light beams on individual outputs, e.g., fibers, without the need for an optical demultiplexing filter.

Abstract: A diffractive MicroElectroMechanical systems and a method of fabricating the same are provided. In one embodiment, the method comprises: depositing a sacrificial layer onto a substrate; depositing a first structural layer on the sacrificial layer and patterning the structural layer to form a patterned structural layer including plurality of actuators; conformably depositing a sacrificial film on the patterned structural layer; depositing a second structural layer on the sacrificial film; planarizing the second structural layer to expose the sacrificial film and the plurality of actuators; and removing the sacrificial layer and sacrificial film to release the plurality of actuators, each of the plurality of actuators separated from the second structural layer by a thickness of the conformal sacrificial film. Other embodiments are also provided.

Abstract: A system and method for an optical component that masks non-active portions of a display and provides an electrical path for one or more display circuits. In one embodiment an optical device includes a substrate, a plurality of optical elements on the substrate, each optical element having an optical characteristic which changes in response to a voltage applied to the optical element, and a light-absorbing, electrically-conductive optical mask disposed on the substrate and offset from the plurality of optical elements, the optical mask electrically coupled to one or more of the optical elements to provide electrical paths for applying voltages to the optical elements. In another embodiment, a method of providing an electrical signal to optical elements of a display comprises electrically coupling an electrically-conductive light-absorbing mask to one or more optical elements, and applying a voltage to the mask to activate the one or more optical elements.

Abstract: In an electrophoretic display device comprising a plurality of pixels, each pixel having a cell area containing a plurality of charged pigment particles dispersed between two opposite electrodes, a semiconducting passivation layer is provided on one or both of the two opposite electrodes. The semiconducting passivation layer can be made of MOx/y, MSx/y, or MNx/y where M is a metal or semiconductor such as Al, Sn, Zn, Si, Ge, Ni, Ti or Cd; x is a positive integer; and y is independently a non-zero positive integer. The semiconducting passivation layer may have a doped Si, ZnOx/y, ZnSx/y, CdSx/y and TiOx/y or a III-V type semiconducting material. The semiconducting passivation layer can be doped with a dopant which can be an n-type doner or a p-type acceptor, the n-type doner is N, P, As or F; and the p-type acceptor is B, Al, Ga, In, Be, Mg or Ca.

Abstract: An optical coupler for coupling optical-pump power into a multimode fiber configured to transport an optical space-division-multiplexed (SDM) signal, the coupling being performed in a manner that enables amplification of the SDM signal in the multimode fiber via a stimulated-emission process or a stimulated Raman-scattering process. The optical coupler can be a part of an optical transmitter configured for co-directional pumping, an optical receiver configured for contra-directional pumping, or a relay station disposed within an optical communication link and configured for either type of pumping. The optical coupler can advantageously be used, e.g., to offset the different degrees of attenuation to which the SDM-signal components corresponding to different guided modes of the multimode fiber are subjected to therein.

Abstract: A reflective optical element e.g. for use in EUV lithography, configured for an operating wavelength in the range from 5 nm to 12 nm, includes a multilayer system with respective layers of at least two alternating materials having differing real parts of the refractive index at the operating wavelength. The material having the lower real part of the refractive index is a nitride or a carbide. “Alternatively, the material having the lower real part of the refractive index is thorium, uranium or barium and the material having the higher real part of the refractive index is boron or boron carbide.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention provide for an optical microscope apparatus including a light source, a base unit, a rotary monochromatic dispersion unit, a condenser, a stage, an objective, a tubular assembly and an ocular assembly. In a preferred embodiment, light travels from the light source sequentially through each of these seven components, producing an image of the contents of a slide on the stage to a user looking through the ocular assembly. In the base unit, in place of a standard mirror which would direct the light vertically up into the scope along the z-axis, a right angle piece of single crystal Calcite, known as Iceland Spar is used, which has a birefringent affect upon the light as it passes up through the scope.

Abstract: Liquid lens cells are used in a compound variable power optical system that forms an intermediate image between the object and the final image. A first variable power optical component is located between the object and an intermediate real image. The first variable power optical component varies power to change the magnification of the intermediate real image. A second variable power optical component is located between the intermediate real image and the final image. The second variable power optical component varies power to change the magnification of the final image. At least one of the first and second variable power optical components is stationary on the optical axis and comprises at least two liquids with different refractive properties and at least one variable shape contact surface between the two liquids, with variations in the shape of the contact surface producing a change of optical power in the optical system.

Abstract: A light source for a stereoscopic display device that includes a plurality of lights arranged in parallel, each light corresponding to a pair of displays including at least a first display of a first image, and a second display of a second image, wherein the lights form a row in a horizontal direction arranged essentially in the same interval spacing and parallel to each other, with the lights in each row arranged with vertical stacked pitch patterns that differ by at least between the upper and lower positions.

Abstract: In embodiments of eyebox adjustment for interpupillary distance, a first optical lens receives light of an image from a display optic at a projected orientation of the light, and the first optical lens deviates the light of the image by a deviation angle from the projected orientation of the light. A second optical lens receives the light of the image from the first optical lens at the deviation angle, and the second optical lens alters the deviated light of the image back to the projected orientation of the light for viewing the image. Left and right eyeboxes align with respective left and right eyes that view the image, and a distance between the left and right eyeboxes approximately correlates to an interpupillary distance between the left and right eyes. The light of the image can be laterally shifted to increase or decrease the distance between the left and right eyeboxes.

Abstract: An image display apparatus includes an image forming device, a collimating optical system, and an optical device. The optical device includes a light guide plate, a first deflecting member that deflects light incident on the light guide plate, and a second deflecting member that deflects the light, which propagates in the light guide plate by total reflection, a plurality of times. The first and second deflecting members are provided in the light guide plate. Light having one wavelength emitted from at least one pixel satisfies the following condition: 2t·sin ??2?WY?2t·sin ?+2 where an axial direction of the light guide plate is the Y-direction, WY represents the width in the Y-direction of the light incident on the light guide plate, t represents the thickness of the light guide plate, and ? represents the total reflection angle.

Abstract: A lens, such as a lens for use in a wafer-level camera, is made by forming a polymeric material with at least one master to form a pre-final lens. The pre-final lens forms a majority of a final volume of the lens. The pre-final lens is allowed to harden, during which it may sag or shrink. An aliquot of polymeric material is added to the lens and formed with the same master with a spacer, or with a second master, to form a first surface layer that provides correction between the pre-final lens shape and a final desired lens shape. In an embodiment, the surface layer has similar or identical index of refraction to the pre-final lens. In an embodiment the lens is formed on a substrate. In an embodiment, a send master, or master pair, are used to form a lens having upper and lower curvature, with a second aliquot of polymeric material forming a second surface layer on a surface of the lens opposite to the first surface layer.