Abstract: In a multilayer optical disc having information layers conforming to a plurality of different optical disc standards, because the type of each information layer is not recorded in the other information layers, in read and write operations by a compatible optical disc device conforming to a plurality of optical disc standards, every time the information layer being accessed changes, it has been necessary to read the type of the information layer and select a method of generating a tracking error signal adapted to the type of information layer, so access has taken time. In order to solve the above problem, in the optical multilayer disc according to the present invention, having information layers conforming to a plurality of different optical disc standards, in an area in one of the information layers, information about the other information layers is recorded. The time required to access the other information layers can be reduced by using this information to select a tracking error signal generating method.

Abstract: In a multilayer optical disc having information layers conforming to a plurality of different optical disc standards, because the type of each information layer is not recorded in the other information layers, in read and write operations by a compatible optical disc device conforming to a plurality of optical disc standards, every time the information layer being accessed changes, it has been necessary to read the type of the information layer and select a method of generating a tracking error signal adapted to the type of information layer, so access has taken time. In order to solve the above problem, in the optical multilayer disc according to the present invention, having information layers conforming to a plurality of different optical disc standards, in an area in one of the information layers, information about the other information layers is recorded. The time required to access the other information layers can be reduced by using this information to select a tracking error signal generating method.

Abstract: In a multilayer optical disc having information layers conforming to a plurality of different optical disc standards, because the type of each information layer is not recorded in the other information layers, in read and write operations by a compatible optical disc device conforming to a plurality of optical disc standards, every time the information layer being accessed changes, it has been necessary to read the type of the information layer and select a method of generating a tracking error signal adapted to the type of information layer, so access has taken time. In order to solve the above problem, in the optical multilayer disc according to the present invention, having information layers conforming to a plurality of different optical disc standards, in an area in one of the information layers, information about the other information layers is recorded. The time required to access the other information layers can be reduced by using this information to select a tracking error signal generating method.

Abstract: In a multilayer optical disc having information layers conforming to a plurality of different optical disc standards, because the type of each information layer is not recorded in the other information layers, in read and write operations by a compatible optical disc device conforming to a plurality of optical disc standards, every time the information layer being accessed changes, it has been necessary to read the type of the information layer and select a method of generating a tracking error signal adapted to the type of information layer, so access has taken time. In order to solve the above problem, in the optical multilayer disc according to the present invention, having information layers conforming to a plurality of different optical disc standards, in an area in one of the information layers, information about the other information layers is recorded. The time required to access the other information layers can be reduced by using this information to select a tracking error signal generating method.

Abstract: A data storage system (1) comprises: an optical disc (2) having a physical storage space (3) comprising two layers (L0; L1) of physical storage locations, the physical storage space comprising a logical storage space (LSS) which contains storage locations within a first layer (L0) and within a second layer (L1), the storage locations in said logical storage space having contiguously numbered logical addresses (LA); a disc drive (10) capable of writing information in the logical storage space of said optical disc; the disc drive having an address limit memory (12), containing at least a value for a parameter LAmax indicating the maximum value of said logical addresses of the storage locations (4) in said first storage layer (L0); the disc drive (10) being capable of changing the value in said address limit memory (12); and a host device (20), capable of cooperating with said disc drive (10).

Abstract: Provided is a system including an optical disc drive and a user terminal, and a method of processing a file. The optical disc drive may be connected to the user terminal. According to various aspects, the user terminal may include a file system for identifying a file format of the file recorded on an optical disc. The user terminal may search for a file recorded in an optical disc via the file system, and play the file through downloading.

Abstract: In a multilayer optical disc having information layers conforming to a plurality of different optical disc standards, because the type of each information layer is not recorded in the other information layers, in read and write operations by a compatible optical disc device conforming to a plurality of optical disc standards, every time the information layer being accessed changes, it has been necessary to read the type of the information layer and select a method of generating a tracking error signal adapted to the type of information layer, so access has taken time. In order to solve the above problem, in the optical multilayer disc according to the present invention, having information layers conforming to a plurality of different optical disc standards, in an area in one of the information layers, information about the other information layers is recorded. The time required to access the other information layers can be reduced by using this information to select a tracking error signal generating method.

Abstract: In a multilayer optical disc having information layers conforming to a plurality of different optical disc standards, because the type of each information layer is not recorded in the other information layers, in read and write operations by a compatible optical disc device conforming to a plurality of optical disc standards, every time the information layer being accessed changes, it has been necessary to read the type of the information layer and select a method of generating a tracking error signal adapted to the type of information layer, so access has taken time. In order to solve the above problem, in the optical multilayer disc according to the present invention, having information layers conforming to a plurality of different optical disc standards, in an area in one of the information layers, information about the other information layers is recorded. The time required to access the other information layers can be reduced by using this information to select a tracking error signal generating method.

Abstract: In a multilayer optical disc having information layers conforming to a plurality of different optical disc standards, because the type of each information layer is not recorded in the other information layers, in read and write operations by a compatible optical disc device conforming to a plurality of optical disc standards, every time the information layer being accessed changes, it has been necessary to read the type of the information layer and select a method of generating a tracking error signal adapted to the type of information layer, so access has taken time. In order to solve the above problem, in the optical multilayer disc according to the present invention, having information layers conforming to a plurality of different optical disc standards, in an area in one of the information layers, information about the other information layers is recorded. The time required to access the other information layers can be reduced by using this information to select a tracking error signal generating method.

Abstract: In a multilayer optical disc having information layers conforming to a plurality of different optical disc standards, because the type of each information layer is not recorded in the other information layers, in read and write operations by a compatible optical disc device conforming to a plurality of optical disc standards, every time the information layer being accessed changes, it has been necessary to read the type of the information layer and select a method of generating a tracking error signal adapted to the type of information layer, so access has taken time. In order to solve the above problem, in the optical multilayer disc according to the present invention, having information layers conforming to a plurality of different optical disc standards, in an area in one of the information layers, information about the other information layers is recorded. The time required to access the other information layers can be reduced by using this information to select a tracking error signal generating method.

Abstract: In a multilayer optical disc having information layers conforming to a plurality of different optical disc standards, because the type of each information layer is not recorded in the other information layers, in read and write operations by a compatible optical disc device conforming to a plurality of optical disc standards, every time the information layer being accessed changes, it has been necessary to read the type of the information layer and select a method of generating a tracking error signal adapted to the type of information layer, so access has taken time. In order to solve the above problem, in the optical multilayer disc according to the present invention, having information layers conforming to a plurality of different optical disc standards, in an area in one of the information layers, information about the other information layers is recorded. The time required to access the other information layers can be reduced by using this information to select a tracking error signal generating method.

Abstract: In a multilayer optical disc having information layers conforming to a plurality of different optical disc standards, because the type of each information layer is not recorded in the other information layers, in read and write operations by a compatible optical disc device conforming to a plurality of optical disc standards, every time the information layer being accessed changes, it has been necessary to read the type of the information layer and select a method of generating a tracking error signal adapted to the type of information layer, so access has taken time. In order to solve the above problem, in the optical multilayer disc according to the present invention, having information layers conforming to a plurality of different optical disc standards, in an area in one of the information layers, information about the other information layers is recorded. The time required to access the other information layers can be reduced by using this information to select a tracking error signal generating method.

Abstract: In a multilayer optical disc having information layers conforming to a plurality of different optical disc standards, because the type of each information layer is not recorded in the other information layers, in read and write operations by a compatible optical disc device conforming to a plurality of optical disc standards, every time the information layer being accessed changes, it has been necessary to read the type of the information layer and select a method of generating a tracking error signal adapted to the type of information layer, so access has taken time. In order to solve the above problem, in the optical multilayer disc according to the present invention, having information layers conforming to a plurality of different optical disc standards, in an area in one of the information layers, information about the other information layers is recorded. The time required to access the other information layers can be reduced by using this information to select a tracking error signal generating method.

Abstract: It may be determined via monitoring whether a first link partner and/or a second link partner coupled via an Ethernet link has trained or refreshed circuitry and/or has updated at least one parameter. Based on the determination, a corresponding link partner may be trained, refreshed and/or updated. One or more of an echo canceller, a far-end crosstalk canceller and a near-end crosstalk canceller for one or more channels may be configured based on the training, refreshing and/or updating. One or more channels may be silent and/or one or more may be active. Link partners may communicate via one or more of in-band signaling, out-of-band signaling to determine which link partner may monitor and/or which may control or initiate operation. The controlling link partner may be assigned a master mode of operation. Training, refreshing and/or updating for the monitoring link partner may be based on a timer.

Abstract: Generate a first set S comprising a plurality of quasi-orthogonal sets of sequences; generate L number of second sets of quasi-orthogonal sets of sequences Th by symbol-by-symbol multiplication of each sequence in the first set S with signature sequences {wh(k)}, wherein h=0, . . . , L?1, L is a positive integer larger than or equal to one, and each second set Th has the same number of quasi-orthogonal sets of sequences and the same length of sequences as said first set S; and generate a superset Z of quasi-orthogonal sets of sequences as the union of said first set S and said L number of second sets Th.

Abstract: In Service Software Upgrade (ISSU) permits administrators to upgrade the control plane software of a network device without any disruption to the traffic passing through the data plane of the network device. However, because the control plane is unavailable, the network device is unable to transmit periodic messages to re-subscribe to specific VLANs. This may result in a service outage in end devices that rely on the network device to receive data assigned to those VLANs. To prevent the network device from being unsubscribed from the VLANs while the control plane is unavailable, the network device may transmit a control plane message before starting ISSU. Once a neighboring network device receives the message, the neighboring device delays unsubscribing the network device until the control plane is again available. Thus, the network device may perform ISSU without the possibility of data traffic not reaching end devices.

Abstract: In a redundant packet communication path including an active path and a backup path, user data that flows into the active path during a time when switching from the active path to the backup path is completed is transferred to a device at a protection zone receiving end to reduce a communication interruption time (traffic suspension time) in a user's point of view.

Abstract: A media gateway controller (MGC) is described herein that implements a shared risk group package to control and prevent a media gateway (MG) from establishing redundant links like a primary link and a secondary link that use resources that share the same risk of failure. Essentially, the MGC uses the shared risk group package to control which resources like ephemeral terminations are used by the MG to establish the primary link and the secondary link such that if any of the resources associated with the primary link fail then the secondary link remains operational within the MG and if any of the resources associated with the secondary link fail then the primary link remains operational within the MG.

Abstract: A technique for operating a wireless communication device includes transmitting a first downlink rate in a first control message. The first downlink rate is based on a latency of an inter-processor communication link associated with the wireless communication device. First downlink data at the first downlink rate is then received for a first time period. Following the first time period, second downlink data is received at a second downlink rate that is higher than the first downlink rate.

Abstract: In a system for monitoring multiple sensors, a technique is utilized to reduce the bandwidth necessary to transmit sensor data to a processing location by embedding a diagnostic and/or prognostic algorithm at the sensor location and providing that the algorithm outputs only values that are greater than predetermined exceedances for each of the sensors involved, and by monitoring only performance parameters that are critical to the monitored system.

Abstract: Systems, devices and methods for adaptive switching in multicast media streams are disclosed herein. In an embodiment, a method for adaptively transmitting content to one or more users based on currently available bandwidth via internet protocol (“IP”) multicast protocol, includes: receiving a first content stream having a plurality of data packets, the first content stream encoded at a first bit rate; receiving a second content stream having a plurality of data packets, the second content stream encoded at a second bit rate, wherein the first bit rate is different than the second bit rate and wherein the first and second content streams represent the same content; transmitting the first content stream to a user; determining that the user could receive the second content stream based on available bandwidth for transmitting data to the user; and transmitting the second content stream to the user.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for two-tiered load balancing on a hosted voice-over Internet protocol (VoIP) private branch exchange (PBX). The system includes a plurality of client devices, at least one device load balancer, and at least one call load balancer. The device load balancer identifies a device group to which each client device belongs; and a cluster of computing resources for processing calls for the device group. The cluster is assigned to the device group based on prescribed conditions. In response to a communications request, call load balancers in communication with the device load balancers dynamically determine if predefined conditions are currently being met within an identified cluster of computing resources. If the predefined conditions are currently being met, then the communications request for a primary client device associated with the request is established via one of a plurality of server nodes within the cluster of computing resources.

Abstract: A method of group based machine type communications (MTC) and apparatuses using the same are proposed to minimize unexpected network response by the way of group based MTC function translations and adjustments. According to the method and the apparatus performing the method, grouping and re-grouping in both in the network level and the application server level could be performed to minimize functional discrepancies among required functions for a MTC service, functions supported by a network, and functions available for MTC UEs. Functional discrepancies after the initial grouping may be solved by performing functional adjustment and translation. By using this group based method and apparatuses, not only control signal overheads are saved but the likelihood of network congestion or overload due to error signals could be lowered.

Abstract: Provided is an object-to-object intelligent network (O2N) communication system in which machine to machine (M2M) access networks are configured to include a plurality of networks for connecting an M2M device and an M2M server, the M2M device provides the M2M server with transmission channel information, the M2M server provides the M2M device with requirement information, and an urgency of a service, based on the transmission channel information, thereby enabling a transmission channel corresponding to service information to be selected, identifier information of a packet generated by the M2M server is extracted, a transmission channel is selected from among the M2M access networks based on the extracted identifier information, a priority table reflecting transmission information, the transmission channel information, and the requirement information of the M2M access networks are provided, and a network is selected by referring to the priority table.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling data traffic offload to a WLAN (e.g., a Wi-Fi network) from a WWAN (e.g., a 4G LTE network) are generally disclosed herein. One embodiment includes data traffic offload techniques managed by a Radio Resource Control (RRC) in a networked device including offloading data at the IP, PDCP, RLC, or MAC layers; another embodiment includes data traffic offload techniques managed by a MAC Scheduler with RRC control. Configurations for multimode user equipment (UE) and multimode base stations are also described herein, including configurations for implementing a Multiple Radio Access Technology (Multi-RAT) aggregation function to offload data from a WWAN to a WLAN and transmit the data via the WLAN using a Layer 2 transport.

Abstract: A method of transmitting packets wherein said packets are comprised in a plurality of flows, the flows comprising flow characteristics controlling admission of incoming flows. A plurality of admitted incoming flows with the same class of service are inserted into a queue. A committed information rate value corresponding to said queue and a bandwidth available for transmission of said queue according to the identified committed information rate value are identified. An order for transmission for the queues is established based on the class of service of the queue and the identified bandwidth. A plurality of cells of the same size are generated from a plurality of frames and the cells are distributed between a plurality of individual transmission channels according to the ordered defined for transmission. A transmitter equipment and a receiver equipment are also disclosed.

Abstract: Wireless communication systems and methods of scheduling access terminal responses to an interactive multicast message are provided. A radio access network (RAN) generates an access control message (ACM), the ACM indicating feedback instructions for a plurality of access terminals (ATs) belonging to a given multicast group. The feedback instructions of the ACM designate a temporary manner in which the plurality of access terminals are to respond to an interactive multicast message. The target ATs receive the interactive multicast message as well as the ACM. The target ATs, or multicast group members, respond to the interactive multicast message based on the feedback instructions for the plurality of access terminals indicated by the ACM.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an uplink intra-frequency load balancing method. The uplink intra-frequency load balancing can be performed by adjusting a beam direction of a User Equipment UE. For each of UEs, the method comprises steps of: determining a cell load level of each cell based on an uplink load measurement received from base stations of a plurality of cells; determining a beam-forming capability of the UE based on a beam-forming gain of the UE; and calculating a cell balancing parameter for each of the plurality of cells, according to a common pilot channel CPICH quality report measured by the UE, the cell load levels of the plurality of cells and the beam-forming capability of the UE, so as to determine a beam-forming control cell towards which the beam direction of the UE is directed, the beam-forming control cell being a cell which has an optimal cell balancing parameter among the plurality of cells.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method, uplink traffic control device and computer program product for reducing the delay of uplink communication between a mobile station and a wireless communication network. The uplink traffic control device (21) comprises an uplink scheme determining unit (24) configured to obtain a service type indicator associated with a mobile station and determine an uplink transmission scheme based on the obtained service type indicator and a transmission control unit (30) configured to periodically grant transmissions to be made from the mobile station according to the uplink transmission scheme in order to speed up mobile station transmissions to the wireless communication network.

Abstract: A system includes a server including: logic adapted for receiving traffic from a virtual machine (VM), the traffic including at least one packet, logic adapted for hashing at least a portion of the at least one packet according to a hashing algorithm to obtain a hash value, and logic adapted for selecting an uplink based on the hash value; at least one accelerated network interface card (NIC), each accelerated NIC including: network ports including multiple Peripheral Component Interconnect express (PCIe) ports adapted for communicating with the server and a network, each network port including an uplink, logic adapted for encapsulating the at least one packet into an overlay-encapsulated packet, logic adapted for storing a media access control (MAC) address corresponding to the selected uplink as a source MAC (SMAC) address in an outer header of the overlay-encapsulated packet, and logic adapted for sending the overlay-encapsulated packet via the selected uplink.

Abstract: A load sharing method includes: receiving, by a second provider edge PE device, a multi-chassis MC negotiation synchronization frame sent by a first PE device, where the MC negotiation synchronization frame carries information used to indicate a first virtual local area network VLAN; determining, by the second PE device, an active/standby state of the second PE device according to the information used to indicate a first VLAN, where the active/standby state of the second PE device corresponds to the first VLAN; and sending, by the second PE device, the active/standby state of the second PE device to a customer edge CE device, so that the CE device forwards a frame of the first VLAN according to the active/standby state of the second PE device.

Abstract: Systems and techniques relating to wireless communications are described. A described technique includes monitoring a group of wireless channels that are useable by at least a first wireless communication device for wireless communications, receiving one or more beacon signals from one or more second wireless communication devices, identifying, within the group of wireless channels, one or more primary channels on which the one or more beacon signals are received, estimating a traffic load for the one or more identified primary channels, determining, based on the estimated traffic load, whether to use as a primary channel for the first wireless communication device, a channel of the one or more identified primary channels or a channel of the group of wireless channels that is separate from the one or more identified primary channels; and selecting the primary channel for the first wireless communication device based on a result of the determining.

Abstract: A method for controlling a flow rate of multiple data flows at a network node on a path of the data flows includes the following steps. A private restriction token bucket (RTB) and a private guarantee token bucket (GTB) for each of the data flows and a shared token bucket (STB) common to all of the data flows are provided. n tokens are obtained from the RTBi for the data flow i when a message belonging to the data flow i arrives at the node and needs n tokens. An attempt is made to obtain n tokens from the GTBi for the data flow i and/or the STB. The message is transmitted if n tokens are obtained from the GTBi and/or from the STB, otherwise transmission of the message is delayed until n tokens are available in the GTBi and/or in the STB.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method, apparatus and a computer program product for improving TCP performance in mobile networks. The present invention discloses obtaining, at an intermediate network node, a quality measure of a connection between a content server and a user equipment, detecting, at the intermediate network node, whether the quality measure fulfils a predetermined condition, and, if the quality measure does not fulfill the predetermined condition, sending, by the intermediate network node, an acknowledgement message triggering a freeze mode of the connection between the content server and the user equipment.

Abstract: The present invention provides a message processing method, device, and system. The method includes: receiving a TCP data acknowledgement message sent by a UE; obtaining, according to the TCP data acknowledgement message, an identifier of a TCP data packet successfully received by the UE; obtaining, according to correspondence between the identifier of the TCP data packet and an identifier of at least one RLC protocol AMD PDU, the identifier of the at least one RLC protocol AMD PDU corresponding to the identifier of the TCP data packet; and determining that the UE has successfully received the at least one RLC protocol AMD PDU corresponding to the identifier of the at least one RLC protocol AMD PDU.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a capacity station activation method and system. A coverage station sends activation control information to a capacity station, where the activation control information enables the capacity station to send a pilot signal to a user in a power decreasing manner; receives a pilot signal measurement result from the user; determines, according to the measurement result, a capacity station that needs to be activated to meet a system requirement; and sends activation information to the determined capacity station that needs to be activated. According to the capacity station activation method and system provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the capacity station that needs to be activated can be more accurately determined, transmit power of an activated capacity station can be controlled, and power consumption of an entire system can be reduced.

Abstract: Various exemplary embodiments relate to a method of linking sessions at a Policy and Rules Charging Node (PCRN). The method may include: receiving a gateway control session establishment request from a first gateway, the establishment request indicating a first session linking status; establishing a gateway control session between the gateway and the PCRN; receiving a second message from the first gateway for the established gateway control session including a Session-Linking-Indicator AVP indicating a second session linking status; determining whether the PCRN has linked the gateway control session to an IP-CAN session; if the PCRN has not linked the gateway control session to an IP-CAN session, replacing the first session linking status with the second session linking status for the established gateway control session; and linking the gateway control session with an IP-CAN session according to the second session linking status.

Abstract: A network device for loop detection in a network environment, which includes a broadcast frame detection unit for detecting a broadcast storm condition, a loop detection frame generation unit for generating and transmitting a loop detection frame if the broadcast storm condition detected by the broadcast frame detection unit indicates a broadcast storm happens, a frame parser unit for parsing a network frame received by the network device to obtain an information from the network frame, and a loop checking unit for comparing the network frame with the loop detection frame based on the information obtained from the network frame.

Abstract: A realization method, apparatus and system for remote monitoring, the remote monitoring technique is used between interphones, which includes the following contents: a monitored party receives a remote monitoring request from a monitoring party, the remote monitoring request includes a target control information; the monitored party answers confirming information to the monitoring party after receiving the remote monitoring request successfully, and analyzes the target control information, and then selects transmission mode; the monitored party enters monitored state, starts transmission automatically, and implements the transmission according to the selected transmission mode. Applying the embodiments of the present invention, the remote monitoring function of a interphone will be improved, and the monitoring party can initiatively control the transmission time of the monitored party; or transmission interval and times of the monitored party, so as to realize the repeat monitoring is realized.

Abstract: Device, system, and method of monitoring fax relay. An apparatus for measuring Quality of Service (QoS) of Fax over Internet Protocol (FoIP) calls includes: a FoIP packet monitoring module to monitor in real-time Internet Protocol (IP) network streams exchanged between a FoIP emitter device and a FoIP receiver device; a FoIP equipment evaluator to evaluate real-time performance of at least one of: the FoIP emitter device, and the FoIP receiver device; and a FoIP call QoS evaluator to evaluate in real time a FoIP call QoS quality of a FoIP communication between said FoIP emitter device and said FoIP receiver device.

Abstract: In the present invention, a user equipment measures a wireless signal from a specific cell, and decides whether to store and/or report to a base station information on a wireless link failure, if the wireless link failure occurs, depending on the type of a cell which is measured or the type of a frame in which the wireless link failure occurs. According to the present invention, the user equipment can be prevented from reporting unnecessary information to a network.

Abstract: Embodiments of computer-implemented methods, systems, computing devices, and computer-readable media are described herein for monitoring, by a mobile proxy associated with a control system of a cloud radio access network (“C-RAN”), application layer data traffic between the control system and a wireless communication device. In various embodiments, the mobile proxy may, based on the monitoring, facilitate alteration of data plane or control plane processing by the wireless communication device or a remote radio head (“RRH”) associated with the C-RAN.

Abstract: System and method to obviate a conferencing hub, in one embodiment the method including: subscribing to a meet-me conference call that comprises a plurality of endpoints; monitoring for a triggering condition related to the meet-me conference call; and if the triggering condition is triggered then, for each endpoint of the conference call, redirecting a media stream produced by the endpoint from the conferencing hub to another endpoint. In another embodiment, the method includes: receiving a call from a first endpoint to join a new meet-me conference; waiting a predetermined waiting-time; if no other endpoints have joined the meet-me conference during the waiting-time, disconnecting the first endpoint from the meet-me conference in order to obviate the meet-me conference hub; receiving a call from a second endpoint to join the meet-me conference; calling back the first endpoint; and bridging together the first endpoint and the second endpoint to reassemble the meet-me conference.

Abstract: An apparatus used for digital subscriber line (DSL) communication comprising a processor configured to generate a data transmission unit (DTU) comprising user data and a transmitter configured to repeatedly transmit the DTU a plurality of times onto a subscriber line, wherein a number of the plurality of times is adaptively based on a user data rate of the subscriber line. A method of data communication comprising generating a DTU comprising user data and repeatedly transmitting the DTU a plurality of times onto a subscriber line, wherein a number of the plurality of times is adaptively based on a data rate of the subscriber line.

Abstract: A system and method for handling communications requests. Network performance information of a communications network is gathered using PIP data packets to determine a status of a number of nodes of the communications network. Available bandwidth through connections of the communications network are determined based on the PIP data packets. The available bandwidth for a number of customers is allocated for new connections and utilized bandwidth through the connections as the utilized bandwidth changes across the communications network.

Abstract: Method and apparatus which prevents or at least significantly reduces errors during dynamic TDD UL/DL configuration changes. Received downlink time division duplex subframes are monitored during a predetermined time window, wherein at least a portion of the subframes includes an uplink/downlink configuration indication. In response to not detecting an uplink/downlink configuration indicated by any of the uplink/downlink configuration indications in the monitored downlink time division duplex subframes, an average of the monitored uplink/downlink configuration indications is calculated. The calculated average is utilized in determining a time division duplex uplink/downlink configuration to be used.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for media access control and rate control to improve data throughput in multihop wireless networks. For controlling media access, an unlocking mechanism is provided that sets the unlocking times at which the scheduling patterns of a MAC protocol is unlocked by requiring all, or a subset of links, to stop transmitting. The unlocking times are set and updated according to quality of service requirements which may change over time. Parameters of the MAC protocol and packet arrivals rates to the links in the network are updated using the parameters of the unlocking mechanism, the queue-sizes, and the utility functions of the links in the network.

Abstract: A Multi-Homing System is equipped with an Adaptive JSP Access Cloud State Detection apparatus (ACSD) that improves the reliability of the availability of digital connections (links) between computer sites, such as a Computer Premises Network and the Internet, in which such connections are made by connecting through a multiplicity of ISP Access Clouds (links). Reliability is improved over prior art methods by using data elements of Internet Protocol datagrams, e.g. record fields or bits of fields, that are regularly and normally exchanged between the ISP Access Clouds and the CPN without creating additional data traffic. Data Elements from each ISP Access Cloud are used by processing functions of the by the ACSD to test for conditions that indicate that it may be in a DOWN status.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and method for enabling personalized shared mobile phone usage when accessing data services within a wireless telecommunications network, including an illustrative example application of the invention as it relates to mobile subscribers who cannot afford a mobile phone handset in emerging markets. For instance, a prepaid wireless subscriber can have a personal phone number associated with their own billing account, which can be used to access data services on a wireless network without needing to purchase any hardware, such as a mobile handset or SIM card. Thus, the subscriber may access his account and use data services through a borrowed handset.

Abstract: Disclosed are a receiving apparatus, a data receiving method, a channel estimating apparatus and a channel estimating method for multi-user interference (MUI) signals according to the present invention. The channel estimating apparatus for MUI signals has: a user type determining section configured to determine whether a UE apparatus corresponding to an own station belongs to a first type user or a second type user and to determine demodulation information to use in channel estimation of MUI signals based on the type of the UE apparatus corresponding to the own station; and a second channel estimating section configured to perform channel estimation of a multi-user interference signal based on the determined demodulation information to use in channel estimation of MUI signals. In the present invention, the UE apparatus is classified by type and the demodulation information to use in channel estimation of MUI signals is determined based on the type of the UE apparatus.