Abstract: Method, apparatus, and programs for synchronizing navigation data. First synchronization information is obtained from a receiver. The first synchronization information was used for synchronizing first navigation data received by the receiver from a navigation device. A sending time of second navigation data sent from the navigation device is then determined based on the first synchronization information. Second synchronization information is computed based on the sending time of the navigation data. The second synchronization information is used for synchronizing the second navigation data.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and method using hybrid spectral compression and cross correlation signal processing of signals of opportunity, which may include Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) as well as other wideband energy emissions in GNSS obstructed environments. Combining spectral compression with spread spectrum cross correlation provides unique advantages for positioning and navigation applications including carrier phase observable ambiguity resolution and direct, long-code spread spectrum signal acquisition. Alternatively, the present invention also provides unique advantages for establishing the validity of navigation signals in order to counter the possibilities of electronic attack using spoofing and/or denial methods.

Abstract: A combined GPS and GLONASS receiver receives GPS signals and GLONASS signals. A calibration signal is generated utilizing the received GPS signals and/or the received GLONASS signals to offset group delay errors in the received GLONASS signals. The generated calibration signal is filtered through Kalman filters to estimate group delay variations in the received GLONASS signals. The estimated group error delay variations are combined with the received GLONASS signals to calibrate the received GLONASS signals by offsetting the estimated group error delay variations. When GPS signals are not available for use, the combined GPS and GLONASS receiver obtains group delay errors stored or in the received GLONASS signals to estimate calibration coefficients. The estimate calibration coefficients are updated utilizing received GPS and/or GLONASS signals.

Abstract: A method and a receiver for receiving positioning signals are disclosed. The positioning signals are received from a plurality of first sources in a first frequency range and from a plurality of second sources in a second frequency range different from the first frequency range. The receiver is switched between the first and second frequency ranges to receive the positioning signals, and the receiver obtains time offset information about a time taken to switch the receiver between the first and second frequency ranges, by obtaining a solution to a set of simultaneous equations based on combined navigation data for the first and second sources.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improving the throughput and power efficiency of communication systems that use beamforming to accurately orient transmission of signals between emitters and receivers. A first communication device implements adaptive beamforming with respect to a second communication device. That is, the first communication device controls the degree and/or direction of the anisotropy of a receiver and/or transmitter that it comprises according to the direction in which the second communication device is determined to lie, said determination being made using a communication between the first and second devices at a particular time. A suitable time for that adaptive beamforming communication to be made is chosen according to position data obtained from one or both of the communication devices.

Abstract: Disclosed is an antenna apparatus for improving radiation efficiency, which can radiate signals not having a radiation pattern where maximum radiation energy is emitted from the front side, but having a radiation pattern where maximum radiation energy is emitted from opposite lateral sides of the front side.

Abstract: Provided is a sensing device having a multi beam antenna array. The sensing device includes an antenna array including a plurality of antennas, a plurality of low noise amplifiers respectively connected to the antennas to amplify radio frequency signals received from the respective antennas, a delay line box including a plurality of delay lines, each delay line delaying the signals amplified by the low noise amplifiers for a predetermined time, and a detector detecting the output signals of the delay ling box.

Abstract: A device is provided for use with a radio frequency identification (RFID) chip that receives and modulates a radio frequency (RF) signal. A substrate of the device includes a first short dipole antenna structure that backscatters a received RF signal to produce a first radiation pattern having nulls. A set of connection pads couple the RF signal from the antenna to a frontend transmitter circuit of the RFID chip. A second antenna structure backscatters the received RF signal by electromagnetic coupling to the first antenna structure and produces a second radiation pattern that complements the nulls in the first radiation pattern.

Abstract: An antenna system having a transmit assembly with a first set of antenna elements for transmitting signals. Each antenna element in this first set may be disposed from a respective adjacent antenna element by a predetermined azimuthal increment and by a predetermined altitudinal increment. The antenna system further includes a receive assembly having a second set of antenna elements for receiving signals. Each antenna element in this second set may be disposed from a respective adjacent antenna element by a predetermined azimuthal increment and by a predetermined altitudinal increment. The predetermined azimuthal and altitudinal increments of the first set may be substantially similar to the predetermined azimuthal and altitudinal increments, respectively, of the second set.

Abstract: In an example embodiment, there is disclosed herein, an apparatus comprising an interface and location determination logic coupled with the interface. The location determination logic receives data representative of measured signal strengths for a wireless device from a plurality of receiving devices at known locations via the interface. The location determination logic determines an estimated location based on the measured signal strengths and a first transmit power for the wireless device. The location determination logic determines a revised transmit power for the wireless device based on the measured signal strengths from the plurality of devices at known locations and the estimated location. The location determination logic determines a revised estimated location based on the measured signal strengths and the revised transmit power for the wireless device.

Abstract: An approach for providing location sharing via simulation is disclosed. A location sharing platform determines at least one location point associated with at least one device and at least one algorithm for determining at least one predicted route of the at least one device based, at least in part, on the at least one location point. The location sharing platform then causes, at least in part, a transmission of the at least one location point and the at least one algorithm to at least one other device for generating location tracking information.

Abstract: Disclosed is a localization method of a source of unknown signal based on a TDOA method, comprising a data obtaining step S100 of receiving and obtaining the unknown signal using multiple sensors; an objective function value calculating step S200 of finding a cross-correlation value, and calculating an objective function value; a reference sensor selecting step S300 of selecting a reference sensor for calculating a TDOA measurement value; a TDOA measurement value calculating step S400 of finding a time when a cross-correlation value Rri(?) found by performing cross-correlation of signal received in each of the reference sensor selected and an i-th sensor with respect to a delay time ? becomes maximum; and a location estimating step S500 of localizing the source of unknown signal. Therefore, the present invention can precisely localize the source of the unknown signal.

Abstract: A method of near-field electromagnetic ranging and location exploits the long-wavelength, near-field characteristics of low-frequency RF signals like those in the vicinity of the AM broadcast band. These signals are robust against scattering from small objects and only mildly perturbed by the urban landscape including building structures. They are thus amenable to an RF fingerprinting approach exploiting a coarse calibration to capture the behavior of the gradually varying signal characteristics. In embodiments, a method of near-field electromagnetic ranging and location may exploit transmit tags transmitting to an infrastructure of locator-receivers, or locator-receiver tags detecting signals from an infrastructure of fixed transmitter beacons. In still further embodiments, fixed transmitter beacons may be supplemented by uncooperative signals sources including signals-of-opportunity like AM broadcast band signals.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and devices for channel identification. The invention is particularly concerned with techniques for non-line of sight channel identification. In embodiments of the invention the methods and devices are used for channel identification in wireless geolocation systems. Embodiments of the invention make use of an entropy estimation of the channel to distinguish channel conditions and in particular to identify line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight channels and which can be used to solve the NLOS problem of determining relative distances between transmitter and receiver. In particular embodiments an entropy estimation of the channel impulse response (CIR) is used to construct a robust entropy-based channel identification technique. As a result, more accurate localization in indoor and other multipath environments may be possible.

Abstract: A system and method of providing a broadband patch antenna includes a main patch having a first strip and a second strip positioned about a ground strip extending from a ground plane, wherein at least a portion of the first strip of the main patch is disposed above the ground strip and forms a first radiating edge with the ground strip, and at least a portion of the second strip of the main patch is disposed below the ground strip and forms a second radiating edge with the ground plane. A parasitic patch is coupled to the main patch along at least a portion of a non-radiating edge of the main patch, and the parasitic patch includes a first strip and a second strip, wherein at least a portion of the first strip of the parasitic patch is disposed above the ground strip and at least a portion of the second strip of the parasitic patch is disposed below the ground strip.

Abstract: An antenna including a radiation portion is provided. The radiation portion includes a feed terminal and three conductor branch paths directly extending from the feed terminal. The three conductor branch paths are located on the same side of the feed terminal, and each has an initial direction, and any two of the three initial directions have an acute angle therebetween. A method for manufacturing an antenna having three operating frequency bands is also provided.

Abstract: A wideband antenna includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a ground plane, an exciting element, a connection element, a first branch, a second branch, and a coupling branch. The ground plane is disposed on the first substrate. The exciting element is disposed on the second substrate and has a feed point coupled to a signal source. The connection element is disposed on the second substrate and coupled to the ground plane. The first branch is disposed on the second substrate and coupled to the connection element. The second branch is disposed on the second substrate and coupled to the connection element. The coupling element is disposed on the second substrate and coupled to the connection element. The distance between the coupling element and the second branch is smaller than 5 mm.

Abstract: An electronic device including a shell, an antenna unit, an insulating layer and an isolating conductor is provided. The material of the shell includes conductive material. The antenna unit is disposed on the shell and includes a first antenna and a second antenna. The first antenna and the second antenna are grounded to the shell. The insulating layer is disposed on the shell and located between a ground plane of the first antenna and a ground plane of the second antenna. The isolating conductor is disposed on the insulating layer and has a slot.

Abstract: A handheld electronic device is provided. The handheld electronic device includes a main body, a heat vent structure, and an antenna. The heat vent structure is disposed on the main body. The antenna is disposed on the heat vent structure for transmitting/receiving at least one radio frequency signal.

Abstract: A wireless communication device and method (600) with enhanced antenna farm, is disclosed. The method (600) comprises: providing (610) a double molded rear housing including a first shot module including an antenna farm located on an interior shell surface and a second shot module; providing (620) a front housing including a user interface configured to allow a user to perform a desired function; and locating (630) a controller between the front and the rear housing, the controller configured to control the operations of a wireless communication device. Advantageously, the method provides a common platform that is universal and easily customizable for any region or desired feature set. Advantageously, the method contributes to allowing an antenna designer enhanced freedom to design an antenna farm, by using the interior shell surface (20) to place antennas.

Abstract: A wireless communication device includes a cover, an antenna, and an adjusting member. The adjusting member is slidably mounted to the cover and is made of non-conductive materials. The antenna includes a radiator, the radiator is mounted on the cover and is shielded by the adjusting member. The adjusting member slides relative to the cover to shield different areas of the radiator.

Abstract: A multi-band frame antenna to be used for LTE, MIMO, and other frequency bands. The frame antenna includes two main parts: a metallic frame with no gaps or discontinuities, and a conductive block. The outer perimeter of the metallic frame surrounds the conductive block, and there is a gap between the metallic frame and the conductive block. The conductive block is connected to a system ground. One or more antenna feeds are routed across the gap, between the metallic frame and the conductive block. One or more electrically shorted connections may also be made across the gap, between the metallic frame and the conductive block.

Abstract: There is provided an electronic shelf label having an improved signal reception rate by implementing an antenna receiving a signal in a patch form on a surface of a device. The electronic shelf label includes: a case; a receiving unit provided in the case to receive and process a wireless signal including product information and including a patch antenna at least partially embedded in the case to receive the wireless signal; and a display unit provided in the case and at least partially opened to an exterior of the case to display the product information.

Abstract: A wireless communication device includes a housing and an antenna. The housing is made of metal and defines a conductive chamber. The chamber includes a bottom wall, two opposite first side walls, and two opposite second side walls connecting to the first side walls, the first side walls and the second side walls surrounding around the bottom wall. The antenna comprises a radiating body, a feed end, and a ground end. The radiating body is suspended above the chamber and distanced from the conductive chamber in such a way that the antenna functions in a resonance mode with the conductive chamber, in operating at the required frequencies. The feed end and ground end extend from the radiating body and are connected to one of the second side walls.

Abstract: An antenna enclosure is designed to be suspended from a line such as a messenger strand which extends in a first direction between a pair of utility poles, in a similar manner to other aerial strand mounted communication system components. At least one antenna element is mounted in the enclosure. The antenna enclosure in one example is elongated in the first direction and tapers inwardly in a vertical direction between the upper and lower ends of the enclosure. Two spaced connecting brackets mounted on the upper end of the enclosure are configured for connection to spaced positions on a line to suspend the enclosure from the line.

Abstract: A sensing structure includes an integrated circuit substrate, and a first sensor formed on or above the integrated circuit substrate adapted to detect a first part of an electromagnetic field in the integrated circuit substrate. A sensing structure includes a dielectric substrate and a first sensor formed on or above the dielectric substrate adapted to detect a first part of an electromagnetic field in the integrated circuit substrate. A sensing structure includes an integrated circuit substrate and a multitude of sensors formed on or above the integrated circuit substrate adapted to detect a multitude of parts of an electromagnetic field in the integrated circuit substrate. A method for sensing a first part of an electromagnetic field includes providing an integrated circuit substrate, forming a first sensor on or above the integrated circuit substrate, and detecting the first part of the electromagnetic field in the integrated circuit substrate.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a cable reel axle shaft is configured with a mounting member and an encased rotary coupling. In particular, a first end of the axle shaft at the mounting member comprises a stationary radio frequency (RF) connection (e.g., a stator), and another end of the axle shaft comprises a rotating RF connection (e.g., a rotor). The rotor-stator break may then be located within the axle shaft, illustratively within the member. In this manner, a rotary coupling is extended and integrated into the center of the structural axle shaft for the cable reel, such that an RF connection may be maintained throughout adjustment of an accompanying variable-length RF antenna while efficiently handling the changes in required RF cable length. This provides numerous benefits over individual components, such as decreased size and weight, increased RF performance, greater survivability, and ease of operation (e.g., to spool and unspool an RF cable).

Abstract: The antenna device is disposed inside a vehicle exterior accessory such as a spoiler which is mounted on the exterior of the vehicle body. An amplifier substrate is fixed to a bracket, amplifies wave signals received from an antenna element, and outputs the amplified signals. A GND bolt fixes the bracket to the vehicle body and electrically connects between the bracket and the vehicle body. An amplifier cover is fixed to the bracket to cover the amplifier substrate. An elastic member is provided covering the outer periphery of the amplifier cover between the amplifier cover and the vehicle body. The elastic member is compressed as the amplifier cover is pressed against the vehicle body.

Abstract: A vehicular antenna apparatus includes a substrate, a circuit portion, a case, and a heat transfer path. The substrate has an antenna portion. The circuit portion is mounted on the substrate and configures at least a part of a wireless communication circuit electrically coupled with the antenna portion. The case is made of resin material and configures a protruded portion of an outer surface of a vehicle. The substrate and the circuit portion are arranged in the case. The heat transfer path is arranged between the circuit portion and the case, and has a thermal conductivity higher than air. The circuit portion is electrically coupled with the antenna portion by a solid phase diffusion bonding.

Abstract: An antenna array for a motor vehicle has at least one seal which is composed of a non-conductive material and has an antenna which is mounted in the region of a sealing face of the seal and has the purpose of receiving radio signals. A convertible roof or sun roof or some other metallic vehicle part which is part of the antenna array can be positioned against the sealing face during the operation of the antenna and removed again. The antenna forms, with the metallic vehicle part which bears against the seal, the slot antenna which is effective between at least two metal faces. On the other hand, in the state in which no vehicle part bears against the seal, the antenna forms a flat electrical reception monopole which extends at a distance from a metal face which forms the antenna ground.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided including a microwave transceiver, a microwave antenna coupled to the microwave transmitter that transmits microwave energy into a secured area and receives reflected microwave signals from the secured area, a passive infrared detector that receives infrared energy from the secured area and a reflector having a focal point, the reflector reflects both microwave and infrared radiation received from the secured area onto the focal point, the microwave antenna and passive infrared detectors both located proximate the focal point of the reflector.

Abstract: There are provided a cable having an antenna embedded therein, and an input apparatus having the same, and a computer apparatus. The cable includes: a cable body having a predetermined length and an internal space; one or more power lines disposed in the internal space of the cable body and connected between both ends of the cable body; an antenna disposed in the internal space of the cable body, and transmitting and receiving a wireless signal; and a separating part disposed in the internal space of the cable body and electrically connected between the one or more power lines and the antenna to separate a power signal transmitted through the one or more power lines and the wireless signal transmitted and received through the antenna.

Abstract: An interconnection medium for connecting circuitry, including a ground plane; a first balanced antenna located in a first plane, the first plane being parallel to the ground plane; a second balanced antenna located in a second plane, the second plane being parallel to the first plane; wherein the first balanced antenna and the second balanced antenna are configured such that the magnetic field radiated by the first balanced antenna is orthogonal to the magnetic field radiated by the second balanced antenna, and the electrical field radiated by the first balanced antenna is orthogonal to the electric field radiated by the second balanced antenna.

Abstract: The disclosed invention relates to an antenna configuration that is configured to tune the frequency of transmission without using filters. The antenna configuration comprises a tunable multi-feed antenna configured to wirelessly transmit electromagnetic radiation. A signal generator is configured to generate a plurality of signals that collectively correspond to a signal to be transmitted. The plurality of signals have a phase shift or amplitude difference therebetween. The plurality of signals are provided to a plurality of antenna feeds connected to different spatial locations of the tunable multi-feed antenna. The values of the phase shift and/or amplitude difference define an antenna reflection coefficient that controls the frequency characteristics that the tunable multi-feed antenna operates at, such that by varying the phase shift and or amplitude difference, the frequency characteristics can be selectively adjusted.

Abstract: A mobile high-frequency antenna rapidly adjustable to minimize VSWR and maximize transmitting and receiving efficiency includes a conductive whip mounted on a coil housing containing a solenoidal loading coil electrically connected at an upper end to the whip and at a lower end to a conductive mast which supports the coil housing. A coil contactor disk at the upper end of a conductive metal shaft raised or lowered by a stepper motor-driven lead screw has protruding spring loaded balls which rollingly contact inner surfaces of coil turns to thus insert less or more inductance between the shaft and whip to tune the antenna. A pair of RF de-couplers in a coil housing base plug which electrically contacts the mast and the lower end of the coil slidably support and electrically contact the shaft, thus shorting out lower parts of the coil to suppress harmonic currents from being induced therein.

Abstract: A mobile device includes an antenna structure, a signal source, a tunable circuit element, and a tuner. The antenna structure includes a radiation element. The tunable circuit element is coupled to the radiation element. The antenna structure and the tunable circuit element are disposed in a clearance region of the mobile device. The tuner has a variable impedance value, and is coupled between the tunable circuit element and the signal source. The tuner and the signal source are disposed in a circuit board region of the mobile device.

Abstract: An antenna and a portable device having the same are provided. The antenna provided in a portable device includes: a radiator unit housed at one surface of the portable device; and a resonant frequency compensation unit housed at another surface of the portable device facing the one surface and adjusting a resonant frequency of the radiator unit changed by an environment change to a preset resonant frequency. Examples of the environment change include a device color change, and a battery size change.

Abstract: An antenna device includes an impedance-matching switching circuit connected to a feeding circuit, and a radiating element. The impedance-matching switching circuit matches the impedance of the radiating element as a second high frequency circuit element and the impedance of the feeding circuit as a first high frequency circuit element. The impedance-matching switching circuit includes a transformer matching circuit and a series active circuit. The transformer matching circuit matches the real parts of the impedance and matches the imaginary parts of the impedance in the series active circuit. Thus, impedance matching is performed over a wide frequency band at a point at which high frequency circuits or elements having different impedances are connected to each other.

Abstract: A mobile device includes a ground plane, a grounding branch, and a feeding element. The grounding branch is coupled to the ground plane, wherein a slot is formed between the ground plane and the grounding branch. The feeding element extends across the slot. The feeding element is coupled between the grounding branch and a signal source. An antenna structure is formed by the feeding element and the grounding branch.

Abstract: A multimode antenna structure is described for a communications device. The communications device includes circuitry for processing signals communicated to and from the antenna structure. The antenna structure is configured for optimal operation in a given frequency range. The antenna structure includes a plurality of antenna ports operatively coupled to the circuitry, and a plurality of antenna elements, each operatively coupled to a different one of the antenna ports. Each of the plurality of antenna elements is configured to have an electrical length selected to provide optimal operation within the given frequency range. By way of one or more connecting elements, electrical currents on one antenna element flow to a connected neighboring antenna element and generally bypass the antenna port coupled to the neighboring antenna element.

Abstract: By providing a radiator configuration circuit and a feeding circuit each having a simple structure, a ground radiation antenna having a more simplified fabrication process as well as a remarkably reduced fabrication cost is provided herein. Additionally, a ground radiation antenna having an excellent radiation performance, even when one side of a mobile communication terminal is covered with a conductive substance, such as an LCD panel, is also provided herein.

Abstract: A device (10) for receiving and/or emitting an electromagnetic wave, comprising a medium (11) of dielectric material, a plurality of passive resonant elements (12) incorporated inside said medium, the plurality of passive resonant elements (12) comprising a frequency band-gap, two neighbour passive resonant elements belonging to the plurality being spaced apart from each other of a first distance lower than ?/4, and at least one active resonant element (13) incorporated inside said plurality, said active resonant element (13) having a second structure different from a first structure of the passive resonant elements (12), so that said active resonant element (13) has at least a second resonance frequency comprised inside the frequency band-gap of said plurality of passive elements (12).

Abstract: A dual frequency coupling feed antenna includes a substrate. There are an upper dipole radiative conductor, a lower dipole radiative conductor, a ground line and a ground reflective conductor disposed on the second surface of the substrate and the two dipole radiative conductors are not electrically connected to each other. The first surface of the substrate has a coupling conductor, a signal line and a feed-matching conductor. The coupling conductor extends parallel to the upper dipole radiative conductor. The ground reflective conductor is located at a side-edge of the dipole radiative conductor and the feed-matching conductor is located on the path of the signal line.

Abstract: Antenna arrays providing high gain during wireless communications are highly desirable for many applications including, but not limited to, multiple-in multiple-out (MIMO) streams and video transmissions. Optimized antenna arrays should also ensure ease of manufacture, thereby enhancing commercial viability. Circular antenna arrays including horn antennas or Yagi antennas are described, each circular antenna array ensuring ease of manufacture.

Abstract: An antenna array (1000) includes a horizontal ground layer (40) having a central hole (401), a radiation layer parallel to the ground layer, and a coaxial cable (5) assembled to the ground layer. The cable includes a central conductor (51), an insulated layer (53) coated on the central conductor, and a grounding coat (52) coated on the insulated layer. The central conductor extends through the central hole from a bottom side of the ground layer and keeping insulated from the ground layer. The radiation layer includes a number of radiation units (30) which are coplanar with each other and parallel to the ground layer. Each radiation unit has a nail (301) extending downwardly towards the ground layer. The nail resonates with the central conductor when the antenna array is transmitting or receiving radio frequency signals.

Abstract: A method of operation and system for a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag assembly having an RFID semiconductor chip with an antenna interface, a mounting surface substrate, the RFID semiconductor having a predetermined operating frequency, a conductor electrically coupling the RFID chip antenna interface to an antenna, the antenna including a first radiating element lying in a first plane and a second radiating element lying in a second plane, the second plane being at an angle relative to the first plane, and a reflector having a substantially planar reflecting plane spaced apart from and substantially parallel to the first plane, the reflector being composed of reflecting material adapted for reflecting the predetermined operating frequency, wherein the reflector is positioned apart from the first radiating element with the reflective plane being a distance of about ¼ of a wavelength of the predetermined operating frequency.

Abstract: Antenna arrangement comprising at least two discrete antennas (1, 2) mechanically attached to each other to forma combined base station antenna (6), wherein at least two discrete antennas (1, 2) in said combined base station antenna (6) are located alongside each other, wherein a conducting element (10) is arranged between the alongside each other located discrete antennas (1, 2).

Abstract: An RFID tag includes an antenna element and a feed device. The antenna element includes a base sheet and a coil conductor on the upper surface thereof. The feed device includes a feed element and an RFIC. The feed element includes a base sheet and a first coil conductor and a second coil conductor on the upper surface of the base sheet. The first coil conductor and the second coil conductor are arranged on the base sheet such that magnetic flux generated in the first coil conductor and the second coil conductor constitutes a closed magnetic circuit. The feed device is adhered to a coupling portion of the antenna element. As a result, the RFIC is strongly coupled to the antenna element.

Abstract: A resonant structure, antenna system and method for improving the wireless performance of an interior antenna of a vehicular or mobile device is disclosed. The resonant structure comprises an inductive section configured to inductively couple to an interior antenna and a capacitive section configured to capacitively couple to a ground plane. The inductive section and the capacitive section are communicatively coupled to each other. The interior antenna is configured to be contained in a device package.

Abstract: The invention relates to an inflatable radome containing a flexible radome wall, said radome wall comprising high strength polymeric fibers and further containing a plastomer wherein said plastomer is a semi-crystalline copolymer of ethylene or propylene and one or more C2 to C12 a-olefin co-monomers and wherein said plastomer having a density as measured according to IS01183 of between 860 and 930 kg/m3.