Abstract: An object information acquiring apparatus is used that includes: a light source; a bundle fiber including a plurality of optical fibers; and a processor using an acoustic wave that is generated when light is irradiated on an irradiated surface of an object from an outputting unit of the bundle fiber, and acquiring information from the object, wherein outputting edges of a plurality of sub-bundles, each sub-bundle including a plurality of optical fibers, are arranged in the outputting unit of the bundle fiber, the plurality of sub-bundles include a first sub-bundle arranged in a central part of the outputting unit and a second sub-bundle arranged in a peripheral part of the outputting unit, and the number of optical fibers per unit area of the first sub-bundle is smaller than the number of optical fibers per unit area of the second sub-bundle.

Abstract: System and method for rapidly determining the geographic areas where spatial overlap of arbitrarily oriented (i.e. not just parallel) swath sensor data meets a pre-selected specified percentage of swath width.

Abstract: Sonar imaging data obtained by sending multiple sonar pings towards an object is reduced by assigning values measured by each sonar ping to bins, where each bin is fixed in World Space, and calculating the opacity of each bin to produce an image of the object. A normal vector associated with each bin is used to calculate the light reflected from a model constructed from the data. The most preferred normal vector is calculated from the vector sum of normals calculated from each ping.

Abstract: An object is measured to record the relative surface coordinates. Then, a portion of the object “the front side” immersed in a fluid is imaged by directing a sonar pulse at the object and recording sonar signals reflected from the object with a sonar imaging array. Then, the recorded relative surface coordinates are iteratively fit to coordinates calculated from the sonar image. Thereafter, the coordinates of the surface of the “backside” of the object that is not observable in the sonar image are known, and a computer generated image of the backside is stitched to sonar image so that the object can be viewed from a plurality of viewpoints separated from the sonar imaging array.

Abstract: Some implementations provide techniques and arrangements for distance measurements between computing devices. Some examples determine a distance between devices based at least in part on a propagation time of audio tones between the devices. Further, some examples determine the arrival time of the audio tones by performing autocorrelation on streaming data corresponding to recorded sound to determine a timing of an autocorrelation peak indicative of a detection of an audio tone in the streaming data. In some cases, cross correlation may be performed on the streaming data in a search window to determine a timing of a cross correlation peak indicative of the detection of the audio tone in the streaming data. The location of the search window in time may be determined based at least in part on the timing of the detected autocorrelation peak.

Abstract: A method and system for maximizing radiated power from a linear array of acoustic projectors. In one case, the method realizes omni-directional acoustic beam patterns from a linear array of acoustic projectors contained within an acoustically-impervious enclosure with an acoustically transparent aperture. In another case, the method realizes an efficient set of beams for a conventional horizontal projector array or a similar acoustic projector array, which may be within an acoustically transparent enclosure. Drive signals are determined by finding a mutual impedance matrix that characterizes the interdependence of the acoustic projectors and solving an eigenvalue problem for the mutual impedance matrix. One of the eigenvalues is selected on the basis that it maximizes radiated power, and the corresponding eigenvectors are used to derive the corresponding drive signals.

Abstract: To reproduce sound in an extremely compact size, fluid injectors are used that can generate fluid flow sufficient to create a desired acoustic pressure wave, but which fluid flow operates in a manner that is decoupled from the desired acoustic pressure wave. Fluid flow within the fluid injectors needed to generate the desired acoustic pressure wave need not be directly proportional to the frequencies of the desired acoustic pressure wave. The fluid injector has a control input capable of altering fluid flow relative to a received control signal, which is generated by a controller in response to an electrical signal. The fluid injector produces fluid flow outward and inward in response to the control signal, thereby creating an acoustic wave proportional to the electrical signal. The devices herein may employ valves or not. Synthetic jets may also be used.

Abstract: An electronic device (100) includes a component portion (101) and a strap (102). The strap defines an air chamber (402) therein having a corresponding volume. A driver (403) is disposed in the component portion at a first port (404) between the component portion and the strap. A frequency detector (405) is disposed in the component portion at a second port (406) between the component portion and the strap. A control circuit (407) is operable with the driver and the frequency detector and is configured to determine a peak of a resonant frequency over a frequency range in the air chamber with the frequency detector that are a function of the corresponding volume and are responsive to signals produced by the driver, correlate the frequency of pressure variations determined with a user input, and perform an operation based upon the user input.

Abstract: The present invention is a pillbox and alarm clock that includes a base pillbox, a removable clock outlet to receive a removable clock, a plurality of compartments that form the base pillbox, the removable clock outlet extends from one of the compartments to receive the removable clock and a plurality of trays that are stacked in each of the compartments. The pillbox and alarm clock additionally includes a pill cutter contained in one of the trays of the base pillbox and is utilized to cut one or more pills if desired, a safety lock placed on one of the compartments utilized for a specific day, a removable clock inlet that extends from the removable clock and a battery that provides electrical power to the removable clock.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for presenting date and time information are described. In some embodiments, a date and/or a time value is presented as a base-36 number. In some embodiments, an integral portion of the base-36 number represents a date value, and a fractional portion of the base-36 number represents a time value. Each base-36 digit may be represented by one of the numerals 0-9 and the letters A-Z. Both digital and analog clocks and a clock application displaying date and/or time information in which a day is broken into thirty-six increments are disclosed. A clock application displaying coordinates of a location based on a base-36 geo-positioning system is disclosed.

Abstract: An analog electronic timepiece includes a stepping motor, a gear train mechanism having gears, a pointer, a drive control unit, a control content changing unit, and a pointer position adjustment unit. If an operational command to rotate the pointer to a different moving target position is obtained while an operational control for rotating the pointer to a certain moving target position is in progress, the control content changing unit terminates the control and changes a control content to an operational control according to the command. If the reverse rotation driving operation is being performed, the pointer position adjustment unit performs an adjustment operation for removing shifting between a predicted position of the printer and an actual position of the pointer which occurs because of rotational input from the stepping motor not being transmitted to the pointer due to gaps relating to the mesh of the gears.

Abstract: A device and system for indicating the passage of a duration of time and a method of making the same. The timing device is able to be to be more, less or not sensitive to temperature. Additionally, the timing device is able to indicate a level or time of exposure to environmental attributes. The timing device is housed by a sheet body having a scale indicator, a unit indicator, a unit multiplier and a presentation window. As a result, the sheet body enables a user to quickly not only determine if an item has spoiled or a period of time has elapsed, but also how much time is left before spoilage or the time will elapse. The easy to read scale on the sheet body enables accurate judgments to be made on what to do with perishable and other types of items associated with the timing device.

Abstract: An instrument for counting duration for differentiated phases, including: plural mechanisms for recording a time duration, each actuatable, for activation and deactivation thereof, by a first controller; a general controller for controlling, from an inactive position in which all the recording mechanisms are deactivated, activation of only one of them, selected by a selector, and for again controlling, at a final moment, deactivation of all the recording mechanisms; a switch configured, during a command for activation of one of the recording mechanisms, to trigger the deactivation of all other recording mechanisms and to save totality of the recorded times, counted on each of the recording mechanisms. The selector is configured to be controlled by a user or/and by a measuring mechanism or/and by a signal to trigger the activation of one of the recording mechanisms.

Abstract: A method for producing a timepiece spring includes a step for producing, by casting, a metallic glass raw material constituted of a metallic glass; a step for heating the metallic glass raw material to achieve a superplastic state; and a step for rolling the metallic glass raw material in a superplastic state to produce a sheet material. A timepiece spring is characterized by being obtained by the method for producing a timepiece spring.

Abstract: The invention relates to a resonator comprising a balance spring formed in a single crystal quartz with crystallographic axes x, y, z, where the x axis is the electrical axis and the y axis is the mechanical axis, and cooperating with a balance. According to the invention, the thermal expansion coefficient of the balance is comprised between +6 ppm.° C?1 and +9.9 ppm.° C?1 and the cut angle of the balance spring to the z axis of said single crystal quartz is comprised between ?5° and +5°, so as to match the balance to the balance spring. The invention concerns the field of timepieces.

Abstract: A timepiece for displaying a value of a time unit is provided, comprising a read element (5), wherein a rotation of the read element (5) can be controlled manually, and a form element (4), which rotates according to the time unit, wherein the rotation of the form element (4) is independent of a manually induced rotation of the read element (5), wherein the value of the time unit can only be read when the read element (5) and the form element (4) coincide, in that the angular position of the coincidence indicates the value of the time unit.

Abstract: A pointer including a pointer body made of a material sheet formed by a plurality of fiber sheets having carbon fibers arranged in one direction being laminated together with arrangement directions of the carbon fibers being varied.

Abstract: A magnetic recording medium of the present invention includes an under layer formed on a substrate, and a magnetic layer, formed on the under layer, which contains an alloy having an L10-type crystal structure as a main component. The under layer includes, in order from the substrate side, a first under layer with a lattice constant a of 2.87 ??a<3.04 ?, a second under layer having a BCC structure with a lattice constant a of 3.04 ??a<3.18 ?, a third under layer having a BCC structure with a lattice constant a of 3.18 ??a<3.31 ?, and an upper under layer having a NaCl-type crystal structure. The first under layer has a B2 structure, or has a BCC structure containing Cr as a main component. In the magnetic recording medium of the present invention, information is recorded using a heat-assisted magnetic recording type, or a microwave-assisted magnetic recording type.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to protecting data of a scalable storage system. A scalable storage system includes a plurality of nodes, each of the nodes having directly-attached storage (DAS), such as one or more hard-disk drives and/or solid-state disk drives. The nodes are coupled via an inter-node communication network, and a substantial entirety of the DAS is globally accessible by each of the nodes. The DAS is protected utilizing intra-node protection to keep data stored in the DAS reliable and globally accessible in presence of a failure within one of the nodes. The DAS is further protected utilizing inter-node protection to keep data stored in the DAS reliable and globally accessible if at least one of the nodes fails.

Abstract: An optical information recording/reproduction device includes a detection unit which detects a focus-direction height of a recording medium, a focus adjustment unit which adjusts a focus-direction distance between the recording medium and a signal light optical system and a reference light system, and a control unit which controls the focus adjustment unit so that a relative distance between the object lens of the signal light optical system and the recording medium is adjusted according to the focus-direction height of the recording medium detected by the detection unit.

Abstract: There is provided a skew detection method including supplying reproduction signals, which are respectively reproduced approximately simultaneously from at least two tracks including a first adjacent track and a second adjacent track located on both sides of a main track, to first and second filters, causing a combining unit to combine output signals of the first and second filters with a reproduction signal which is reproduced from the main track approximately simultaneously with the first adjacent track and the second adjacent track so as to cancel crosstalk, causing a coefficient control unit to obtain an error with a target value of the output signal of the combining unit and control coefficients of the first and second filters so as to reduce the error, and detecting a skew of an optical disc from values of coefficients of predetermined taps of the first and second filters.

Abstract: A communication method is executed by a disc player to communicate with an external device. The disc player loads and reads a plurality of test discs. The disc player includes an audio interface, and a video interface. The communication method includes steps of: reading a loaded test disc to generate test information; determining whether the disc player successfully reads the loaded test disc based on the test information; and generating and transmits a test signal to the external device via one of the audio interface and the video interface based on the determined result, for controlling the external device to assist the disc player to complete the test.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an optical storage medium includes a guide layer, a recording layer group, and a guide layer-side intermediate layer. The recording layer group comprises a plurality of recording layers and a plurality of intermediate layers arranged between the plurality of recording layers. The guide layer-side intermediate layer is arranged between the guide layer and a first recording layer closest to the guide layer out of the plurality of recording layers. A thickness T1 of the guide layer-side intermediate layer does not match a sum S1 of thicknesses of arbitrary continuous intermediate layers comprised in the recording layer group.

Abstract: A two-photon absorption material that can, thanks to a compound of, for example, the following formula (6), perform non-resonant two-photon absorption by light in the region shorter than 700 nm with high sensitivity and has sufficient recording/reproduction properties, a two-photon absorption recording material, a recording medium and a two-photon absorption compound usable therein are provided.

Abstract: An apparatus generates outgoing data to be provided on an optical disk in a burst cutting area. The burst cutting area further comprises markings which cause a marking frequency spectrum when reading out the burst cutting area. The apparatus comprises a channel coder which receives processed data and supplies the outgoing data having an outgoing data frequency spectrum with suppressed DC-content. The apparatus further comprises a data processing device which generates the processed data to obtain an outgoing frequency spectrum wherein a frequency component causing interference with a low frequent component of the markings is suppressed or not present.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a control information generating unit configured to generate second control information transferred and received on a physical layer of a communication line on the basis of an error on the physical layer of the communication line or an error on a data link layer initialized by use of first control information of the physical layer, and a transmitting unit configured to transmit the second control information generated by the control information generating unit via the physical layer of the communication line when a communication on the data link layer of the communication line is disabled.

Abstract: A network management apparatus is designed so that when reassigning the existing address, the network management apparatus extracts a link with the largest link cost from among links comprising the network based on the network configuration information and specifies a flow routed though the extracted link based on the statistic information; when receiving a path change request and a via link request to request a via link with respect to the specified flow from an external terminal, the network management apparatus selects either one of addresses of an address pair of the specified flow as a change target address; and when changing the selected change target address, the network management apparatus changes the change target address to a candidate address to be assigned by selecting an address, which is routed through a link included in the via link request and has not been assigned, as the candidate address to be assigned.

Abstract: A Generalized-Multi-Protocol Label Switching controlled network is described, as is a method for managing services in the network under conditions of disrupted control plane connectivity. Nodes of the network use a Resource Reservation Protocol with Traffic Engineering extension, RSVP-TE, to allocate and provision resources of the network. Each of the nodes is adapted to evaluate local RSVP Path or Resv state data after having sent at least one signaling message to a receiving neighboring node without receipt of an acknowledgement message from said receiving node within a configurable time to determine an IP address of a node being located after the non-responsive receiving node along a service path of a service in a downstream or upstream direction. Each node is adapted to send the signaling message to the determined IP address of the next node located behind the non-responsive receiving node along the service path.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide byte caching in wireless communication networks. In one embodiment, a plurality of data packets are received through an internet protocol (IP) data flow established between a wireless communication device and at least one server. Each of the plurality of data packets are combined into a packet bundle. A determination is made as to whether a second byte caching system is available. The packet bundle is transformed using one or more byte caching operations based on a second byte caching system being available. The transformed packet bundle is sent to the second byte caching system using an IP communication mechanism.

Abstract: Provided are a network backup device and a network system. The network backup device includes a first connector configured to connect with one or more ports of a first network equipment, a second connector configured to connect with one or more second network equipment, a third connector configured to connect with a third network equipment, a switching module configured to aggregate data transmitted from the second connector, transfer the aggregated data to the third connector, and distribute data transmitted from the third connector to the second connector, and a switch configured to, in response to a fault occurring in a port of the first network equipment, switch from a connection between the second connector and the faulty port of the first network equipment to a connection between the second connector and the switching module.

Abstract: Techniques are identified for optimizing the MAC flush in Ethernet rings for faster traffic restoration. In one embodiment, flushing of MAC addresses is performed only once on receiving a first control message. For example, when a first control message is received, a network device may switch from a first state to a second state, which may indicate that the MAC addresses are not to be flushed if additional control messages are received. In another embodiment, flushing of MAC addresses is performed on one ring port rather than on both ring ports. For example, a flag field of a control message header may be used to determine on which port to flush. In another embodiment, flushing of MAC addresses is performed on only one ring port of an interconnection node. For example, the ring port can be determined using a flag field and possibly labels associated with the ring ports.

Abstract: Techniques are identified for optimizing the MAC flush in Ethernet rings for faster traffic restoration. In one embodiment, flushing of MAC addresses is performed only once on receiving a first control message. For example, when a first control message is received, a network device may switch from a first state to a second state, which may indicate that the MAC addresses are not to be flushed if additional control messages are received. In another embodiment, flushing of MAC addresses is performed on one ring port rather than on both ring ports. For example, a flag field of a control message header may be used to determine on which port to flush. In another embodiment, flushing of MAC addresses is performed on only one ring port of an interconnection node. For example, the ring port can be determined using a flag field and possibly labels associated with the ring ports.

Abstract: In one embodiment, network devices are configured to route traffic and signaling onto co-routed bypass tunnels. Co-routed bypass tunnels protect against node or link failures in a label switched paths. The co-routed bypass tunnels provide bidirectional protection. In one example, a node acting as the point of local repair (PLR) receives a resource reservation state message at a first node and extracts a tunnel sender address from the reservation state message. The PLR is configured to identify a bypass tunnel to a second node in the reverse direction of the label switched path and signal resource reservation messages over the bypass tunnel in the reverse direction. In another example, a PLR receives a resource reservation message with bypass tunnel identification and the PLR is configured to identify a bypass tunnel to a second node in the reverse direction.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides protection systems and methods that provide a mechanism to identify/determine when an interconnection node has been isolated (i.e. when there is no connectivity between a pair of interconnection nodes), from a data path perspective. If/when this condition exists, actions are triggered on the subtending sub-ring that essentially perform a protection switch (which causes the subtending sub-ring nodes to cleanse their forwarding tables), and, more importantly, that remove any channel blocks on the subtending sub-ring. Extensions to the ITU-T G.8032 state machine are also provided that include support for operator command interactions (e.g. DNR, force switch, manual switch, etc.). The protection systems and methods of the present disclosure enable the reliable application of ITU-T G.8032 and the like to more complex (i.e. meshed) deployment environments, among other significant advantages.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for protection switching are disclosed. The protection switching method in accordance with an example of the present disclosure is capable of smoothly processing a protection switching while preventing a data path mismatch occurring in the protection switching in a case in which a forced switching command (FS), which is a passive command, and a signal failure (SF) of a protection path occur at both end nodes, respectively, when a linear protection switching is performed by use of a protection state coordination message in a packet network or a packet transport network.

Abstract: A method for handling error recovery at a user equipment, the method comprising: maintaining a first communication channel and a second communication channel between the user equipment and a radio access network; storing a plurality of control messages in one or more buffers for transmission over the first communication channel; detecting if the first communication channel is disabled; initiating a recovery procedure using the second communication channel, wherein the recovery procedure comprises restoring the first communication channel using the second communication channel; sending a further message to one of the one or more buffers for transmission on the restored first communication channel as part of said procedure; and in response to detecting that the first communication channel is disabled, moderating control messages stored in the one or more buffers by one or both of: selecting a subset of un-transmitted control messages from a plurality of un-transmitted control messages in the one or more buffers

Abstract: A method implemented in a network apparatus used in a network is disclosed. The method comprises collecting information about network topology from a network controller, collecting information about data movement, deciding routing in the network according to the information about network topology and the information about data movement, and providing information about the routing to the network controller, wherein the network controller enforces the routing in the network. Other methods, apparatuses, and systems also are disclosed.

Abstract: A method for operating a transceiver circuit includes receiving an information indicating at least one of a transmission and a reception in a guard band region of a frequency band supported by a communications network and allocating at least a part of the guard band region of the supported frequency band of the communications network for at least one of a transmission and a reception of at least one physical channel.

Abstract: Interactions between radio access network (RAN)-based and legacy wireless local area network (WLAN) mobility is described in which a multi-mode mobile device receives a management indication from a wide area wireless network (WWAN) to manage connectivity with the WLAN, such as in discovery, association, or specific traffic offload for the WLAN. The mobile device obtains a status of its internal WLAN radio and determines whether to process the management indication based on the status. Data offloading is also described in which the mobile device receives an indication from the WWAN to offload data to the WLAN associated with the mobile device. In response, the mobile device suspends application of a current offload policy, which had been received from the core network, based on the indication and transmits its data according to the indication.

Abstract: A method of handling non-access stratum (NAS) mobility management (MM) messages for a user equipment in a wireless communication system when the user equipment is configured for dual priority includes sending a first NAS MM request message containing a first priority level to a network in the wireless communication system, and storing a priority indicator indicating the first priority level in a non-volatile memory if the user equipment receives a NAS MM reject message with a mobility management back-off (MMBK) timer from the network.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to optimistic QoS setup. A network element receives an IP packet that is not associated with a QoS request on a bearer for an application/service executing on a target client device, and initiates QoS activation for the target client device based on a combination of an application-specific identifier from the target client device and a user-specific identifier of the application/service. A server receives a session setup request that is not associated with a QoS request for an application/service executing on a target client device, the session setup request identifying one or more client devices to participate in a session, and initiates QoS activation for at least one of the client devices, before a session announcement is transmitted to the client devices, based on a combination of an application-specific identifier from the target client device and a user-specific identifier of the application/service.

Abstract: In an embodiment, an apparatus monitors traffic usage in uplink and downlink directions of a link that is configured to support a communication session for the client device. The apparatus can correspond to a core network component or to an access network component. The apparatus initiates, in association with the communication session, (i) an uplink-specific QoS adjustment to a first level of QoS assigned to the uplink direction of the link based on the monitored traffic usage in the uplink direction, and/or (ii) a downlink-specific QoS adjustment to a second level of QoS assigned to the downlink direction of the link based on the monitored traffic usage in the downlink direction. The link is maintained in both the downlink and uplink directions throughout the communication session irrespective of any QoS adjustments in the uplink and/or downlink directions of the link that occur during the communication session.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate to a policy controller (30) of a communications network comprising a processing unit being configured to select a congestion signalling policy for data traffic of a user equipment connected to the communications network. The policy controller (30) is configured to send the congestion signalling policy to a node (26) of the communications network. The congestion signalling policy includes instructions for the node (26) when to signal congestion.

Abstract: Various communication systems may benefit from congestion management. For example, code division multiple access wireless networks may benefit from identifying and tracking of congestion. A method may include identifying a cause of actual or potential congestion. The method may also include notifying a radio access network regarding the cause of actual or potential congestion.

Abstract: A service processing method, a service processing system, and a PCRF entity are disclosed to overcome this defect in the prior art: The prior art is unable to handle services discriminatively according to the policy context information when different services require the same QoS level. The method includes: receiving bearer priority information from a PCRF entity, where the bearer priority information includes: bearer priority information of a service data stream, bearer priority information of an IP-CAN session, and/or bearer priority information of an IP-CAN bearer; and handling services according to the bearer priority information. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the policy context information is converted into bearer priority information so that the PCEF handles services according to the bearer priority information. In this way, different services that require the same QoS level are handled discriminatively according to the policy context information.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dynamic uplink communication in a wireless communication system are disclosed herein. The method includes transmitting, by a base station, a pilot signal on a first channel to a mobile station (MS), the pilot signal indicating a signal strength, receiving, by the MS, a one-bit indicator from a plurality of base stations on a second channel, the one-bit indicator indicating a congestion status for each of the plurality of base stations, determining, by the MS, the congestion status for each of the plurality of base stations, and selecting, by the MS, a base station based on the one-bit indicator received on the second channel, wherein the one-bit indicator further indicates a neighboring base station that is lightly congested.

Abstract: A network node for reserving resources for data flows in a communication network. The node detects a request for resource reservation for a new data flow and computes an admission test count based on descriptors of the new data flow and reservation counts, which represent reservation functions of descriptors of previously admitted data flows and which specify resources of the admitted data flows. The new data flow is admitted if the admission test count is smaller than a maximum allowable count. The reservation counts are then updated based on the descriptors of the new data flow. A plurality of admission formulas may thus be used to maintain aggregated reservation counts for data flows, the number of counts being independent from the number of flows.

Abstract: Systems and methods which provide resource sharing techniques implementing opportunistic shared resource utilization using dynamic traffic shaping are disclosed. Embodiments implement a multi-part transmission frame generation process in which data packets of various different traffic flows are selected for the transmission frame to fill the frame capacity. For example, scheduling logic may apply traffic shaping logic to select data packet queues from which data packets are to be included in a frame and to initially determine a number of packets to be included in the frame from each selected data packet queue according to the traffic shaping logic. Thereafter, the frame may be analyzed to determine if excess capacity remains. The scheduling logic may then apply traffic shaping logic to the data packet queues to implement an opportunistic scheme for including additional data packets in the frame and thereby fill the excess capacity.

Abstract: A control apparatus controls the transmission of data from a transmission apparatus to a reception apparatus. The control apparatus includes: a first comparison unit that compares first information indicating a free space of a buffer included in the reception apparatus with second information indicating the size of data to be transmitted; a second comparison unit that compares the first information with third information obtained by adding a predetermined value to the second information; and a control unit that outputs a data output control signal based on the comparison result from the second comparison unit after the transmission of the data until the end of update of the first information, and outputs a data output control signal based on the comparison result from the first comparison unit after the update of the first information.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for implementing a congestion management policy, the method including, determining a minimum congestion state for a first queue, based on a minimum guarantee use count of the first queue, determining a shared congestion state for the first queue, based on a shared buffer use count and a shared buffer congestion threshold, wherein the shared buffer congestion threshold is further based on an amount of remaining buffer memory and determining a global congestion state based on a global shared buffer use count. In certain aspects, the method further includes implementing a congestion management policy based on the minimum congestion state, the shared congestion state and the global congestion state. Systems and computer-readable media are also provided.