Abstract: A system, related method and computer program product are disclosed for controlling fuel mass of CNG received by an engine. The system may comprise a heat exchanger configured to receive CLNG and supply coolant and to output CNG and return coolant, an injector configured to inject CNG into the engine, a gas line between the injector and heat exchanger, a control valve configured to receive return coolant from the heat exchanger and to change the amount of return coolant flowing through control valve, and a controller connected to the control valve. The gas line may be configured to carry CNG from the heat exchanger to the injector. The controller may be configured to maintain a Gas Line Temperature within an operating range by adjusting the amount of return coolant flowing through the control valve based, at least in part, on the Gas Line Temperature and a Target Return Coolant Temperature.

Abstract: A dual fuel system for a vehicle utilizing gasoline and propane fuel sources. The dual fuel system includes a micro-controlled switch box that switches back and forth between fuels. A fuel injector rail and fuel injectors are also included that can function to inject either gasoline or propane. A display and selector switch are also provided inside the cabin of the vehicle to allow the user to read system information and manually select a type of fuel.

Abstract: A control unit obtains approximation straight lines before and during the fuel injection with respect to a first injection and a second injection among multiple fuel injections based on a pressure variation in the fuel accumulator which is sampled by the pressure sensor. The control unit employs data of which correlation coefficient is higher among a pilot injection and a main injection and obtains a hypothetical injection-start point accurately. Based on the variation amount of the hypothetical injection start delay which is obtained from the hypothetical injection-start point, an energization-start timing and the target-energization period are corrected.

Abstract: A connecting device for fuel injection systems is used for connecting a fuel injection valve to a fuel-carrying component. A wire-shaped connecting element is provided in this context, which is fastened, on the one hand, to the fuel-carrying component and, on the other hand, to the fuel injection valve. The wire-shaped connecting element is embodied closed in an annular manner, and, on the one hand, is guided about a shoulder of the fuel-carrying component and, on the other hand, about a shoulder of the fuel injection valve. A fuel injection system having such a connecting device is also provided.

Abstract: Systems and methods for exhaust gas recirculation are provided. The system includes a dedicated exhaust gas recirculation loop for recirculating exhaust gas flow from at least one dedicated cylinder of an engine into an intake system prior to combustion. The system further includes a low pressure exhaust gas recirculation loop for increasing the exhaust gas recirculation amount above that provided by the dedicated exhaust gas recirculation loop.

Abstract: Methods are provided for controlling an engine. One method may include boosting engine intake air to a cylinder; and injecting an amount of a scavenging fluid into the cylinder based on an amount of cylinder residual exhaust gas. A scavenging fluid, such as water or windshield washer fluid evaporates on contact with the hot exhaust gases and hot metal components and the expanded volume of the vapor displaces the residual exhaust gas, thereby improving engine scavenging.

Abstract: A turbocharged engine system including a low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system and an intake oxygen sensor is described, along with methods for its operation. The system includes a compressor bypass valve arranged in a passage bypassing a turbocharger compressor, and an EGR valve arranged in an EGR system which may be adjusted to adjust an amount of exhaust gas recirculated to the engine intake. In one example method, over-dilution of an engine intake charge may be reduced by reducing EGR upon opening of the compressor bypass valve, and then increasing the EGR only after measurements from an intake oxygen sensor indicate that intake air dilution has decreased below a threshold.

Abstract: A valve is configured to control an opening in a passage. A valve angle sensor is configured to send an electric signal according to a rotation angle of the valve. In a storing process, an actual measurement value of a valve angle at a mechanical full open position is stored as an actual full open valve angle. In a first setting process, a first output value at a mechanical full close position is set. In a second setting process, a second output value at the stored actual full open valve angle is set. The output characteristic is set as an angle to output value relation according to the first output value and the second output value.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for estimating a PCV flow to an engine based on the output of an exhaust gas oxygen sensor. During DFSO conditions, a reference voltage of the sensor is modulated initially with an intake throttle open and then with the intake throttle closed. PCV flow leaking past the piston valves in an aging engine, as well as an ambient humidity estimate, are inferred based on the outputs of the sensor during the modulating with the intake throttle open and closed.

Abstract: A ventilation apparatus for an engine is provided with a recirculation passage for causing blow-by gas in a crank case to flow back into an intake passage of an engine. The ventilation apparatus is also provided with an oil return passage for returning oil to an oil pan. In the oil return passage, a common portion is formed, which is an internal space shared with the recirculation passage and into which oil falls under its own weight. Specifically, the portion of the oil return passage including the common portion extends in the vertical direction.

Abstract: Embodiments may provide an oil separator that may include a reservoir attached to a bottom of the oil separator to collect oil that passes from the oil separator. An outlet may be located on the reservoir and may be positioned to allow oil at or above the outlet to overflow from the reservoir and to flow, or drip, toward an engine cylinder head. The oil separator may also include a tube located at least partially inside the reservoir formed within the bottom to pass the oil into the reservoir.

Abstract: A toy gun charging structure consists of a main body, a gun body, a battery, a charging set, and a motor wherein the main body is combined by a first shell and a second shell which extend respectively a pair of handles; the motor being furnished between the two handles drives a transmission gear set to transmit the gun body; and the battery is furnished between a front block part and a containing part which is furnished in a positioning salient parts that is further correspondingly furnished between the first shell and the second shell; the charging set includes a relay, a first, a second, a third, connectors connected by power-supply wire and a fourth connector; the relay and the third connector are connected to the battery through the first and second connectors; the fourth connector being furnished at the exterior part of the main body is plugged in the third connector as required to perform charging to the battery.

Abstract: A paintball marker has an inline cylinder that includes a gas governor that reduces gas flow from a compressed gas source to a valve area when the bolt is in a firing position; this increases efficiency in the marker because only the required air is used to fire the paintball. This bolt operates independent of the valve pin, which increases cycle speed and enables the governor to open and close at an optimum time in the firing cycle. Further, when the bolt/piston is recocking, the gap between the valve pin and governor valve pin enables low pressure gas driving the piston to start pressurizing the cylinder and driving the piston rearwards without resistance from the high pressure gas. The marker also allows a user to remove the inline cylinder without tools, and provides a convenient carrying handle for holding the paintball marker, which is commonly called a “snatch grip.

Abstract: A plate fin for a heat exchanger is provided including a base plate having a plurality of holes formed therein. The plate fin also includes a plurality of generally annular collars. Each collar is positioned substantially coaxially within one of the plurality of holes. The plurality of first collars is substantially less than the plurality of holes such that a portion of the plurality of holes does not have a collar arranged therein.

Abstract: A heating, ventilation, and/or air conditioning (HVAC) furnace has a venturi premixer and a disturber disposed downstream relative to the premixer and in an undivided output of the venturi premixer.

Abstract: A heating transfer method and apparatus that has a fixed physical obstruction placed in the air path causing the airflow to cause the airflow to shed into alternating patterns. A column is placed perpendicular to the airflow path to provide an obstruction to the airflow. The cross-section of the column can be round, square or another multi-sided design. The obstruction will affect the velocity and intensity at which the shedding occurs thus, causing motion of the jets to deliver a more uniform cook on the product surface.

Abstract: Exhaust hood methods, devices, and systems are disclosed herein that improve the performance of short-circuit hoods. Such improvements can be provided relatively inexpensively by utilizing existing features of the structure of short-circuit hoods. The resulting enhancement in performance may exceed that of a regular exhaust hood while avoiding the pitfalls associated with make-up air injection into the exhaust hood recess. The components of the short-circuit system that inject make-up and/or conditioned air into the exhaust hood recess can be converted into a combination of horizontal and vertical jets at a lower edge of the exhaust hood. A retrofit jet generator can be installed into the short-circuit system outlets. A series of openings in the jet generator can generate the combination of horizontal and vertical jets at a lower edge of the exhaust hood when air from the make-up air or conditioned air source is supplied thereto.

Abstract: Traction bearing and rod joint to anchor a sliding shelf set to an oven door, the bearing (1) being made of engineering plastic, stainless steel or another compatible material, and is designed to be installed on the internal glass or surface of the counter door (P) of the stove (F1) by fitting into an orifice. The locking of the bearing (1) in this orifice is held by the provision of a beveled skirt (7) and a collar (6), both applied on the outer surface of the bearing (1). The tensile bearing has a longitudinal slot (2) and a channel (4) that communicate with each other to allow docking and rotation of the end (E) of a rod (H) of the set of shelves (PD) when the door (P) of the oven (F1) is opened or closed.

Abstract: A thermal storage and transfer method for use in both indirect and direct heating solar power plants that involves the use of nitrogen gas as a thermal storage medium for heat transfer in circumstances where little or no solar radiation is available to produce the thermal energy needed to convert water into steam and generate electricity.

Abstract: A solar energy collection array includes a plurality of individual mirrors and a plurality of receiver facets. The mirrors form a fixed multifaceted curved collection of mirrors. Each individual mirror is less than 1 square meter and is constructed of inexpensive and easily replaceable surfaces. The receiver facets are disposed as fixed curved multifaceted receivers. Each receiver facet is less than 1 square meter and is constructed of inexpensive and easily replaceable surfaces and wherein each individual mirror is aimed at one of the receiver facets so that each receiver facet is optically aligned with one of the individual mirrors thereby creating a small mirror multiple target. Different facets are utilized at different times of day and season based on the sun's position.

Abstract: A multiplatform heating ventilation and air conditioning control system configured to maximize energy efficiency in maintaining desired conditions within an area through beneficial use of natural energy sources. In some embodiments, the multiplatform heating ventilation and air conditioning control system can include sensors and a control system. In some embodiments, the sensors can detect conditions inside and outside of the controlled area to determine the most efficient method of maintaining desired conditions.

Abstract: A solar array is provided with a first heat-transfer fluid transporting line (parabolic trough loop) for transporting a first heat transfer fluid, and at least one further heat-transfer fluid transporting line for transporting a further heat transfer fluid arranged to receive solar energy from, for example, a parabolic-trough solar array. The first heat-transfer fluid transporting line and the further heat-transfer fluid transporting line are coupled to form an overall heat-transfer fluid transporting line (for example, as a parabolic trough loop). The first heat-transfer fluid transporting line is connected to at least one main line pump for pumping the first heat transfer fluid through the heat-transfer-fluid transporting line and the further heat-transfer fluid transporting line is connected to at least one further main line pump for pumping the further heat transfer fluid through the further heat-transfer-fluid transporting line. The first and further heat-transfer fluids may be the same fluid.

Abstract: A method and a control system for a hot water supply system, wherein the hot water supply system includes at least one boiler having a heating fluid input pipe line, the control system comprising: a motorized valve; installed upon the heating fluid input pipe line; a first thermistor installed upon the heating fluid input pipe line; a second thermistor installed within the boiler; a motor mechanically connected to the motorized valve; and a controller, wherein the controller is adapted for opening and closing the motorized valve according to temperature difference between a temperature measurement by the first thermistor and a temperature measurement by the second thermistor, wherein the controller is electrically connected to the motor, to the first thermistor, and to the second thermistor.

Abstract: A method comprising: (a) extracting a sugar mixture in an aqueous solution of at least 30% HCL/[HCl+water] by weight with an extractant including an S1 solvent; (b) increasing a monomeric sugar to oligomeric sugar ratio in the mixture to produce a monomeric sugar enriched mixture comprising at least 65% monomeric sugars by weight relative to total sugars; and (c) separating an S1/HCl liquid phase comprising more than 30% HCl/[HCl+water] from said sugar mixture.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing a membrane of nozzles of a spray device, comprising the steps of laying a substrate, forming a membrane layer on the substrate, forming a plurality of nozzles in the membrane layer, forming a plurality of supply channels in the substrate, each supply channel being substantially aligned in a vertical direction to a respective nozzle of the plurality of nozzles and in direct communication with the respective nozzle.

Abstract: The invention relates to an inhaler component for forming a vapour/air mixture or/and condensation aerosol by evaporation of a liquid material (18) and, if appropriate, condensation of the formed vapour, comprising: an electric heating element for evaporating a portion of the liquid material (18); a wick with a capillary structure, which wick forms a composite (10) with the heating element and automatically supplies the heating element with the liquid material (18); a carrier plate (11), preferably a printed circuit board, which carries the composite (10) and on which the heating element is electrically contacted; a capillary gap (16) formed at least partially by the carrier plate (11) and automatically supplying the composite (10) with the liquid material (18), by means of an end portion of the wick extending into the capillary gap (16); a liquid container (19) which contains the liquid material (18) and from which the capillary gap (16) draws the liquid material (18).

Abstract: A method and apparatus provide closed-loop control of the operation of a ventilator device based on physiological parameters received from and/or through a patient monitor device, which is a separate and discrete device from the ventilator device.

Abstract: A nasal delivery device for and a method of delivering a substance to a nasal cavity of a subject, the delivery device comprising: a delivery unit for delivering a flow entraining a substance to one nostril of a subject, the delivery unit including a nosepiece for fitting to a nostril of the subject; and a flow resistor unit for fitting to the other nostril of the subject, the flow resistor unit including a progressive resistor for progressively providing an increasing flow resistance to the delivered flow.

Abstract: A nebulizer includes a venturi nozzle positioned at the outlet end of an air line and oriented horizontally and located within a patient's oral cavity when in use. A canister port is located at the inlet end of the air line and receives a gas canister. A valve is actuable to allow a metered flow of gas at a predetermined pressure and time to flow from the gas canister through the air line and venturi nozzle. A medication receiver is carried by the nebulizer body proximal to the venturi nozzle. A suction line extends from the venturi nozzle to the medication receiver and draws medication upward from a medication container and mixes it with air passing through the venturi nozzle and nebulizes the medication.

Abstract: An atomizer has a venturi nozzle positioned at an outlet end of an air line and has a discharge end and is oriented horizontally when in use and forms a mixing chamber at its discharge end. A valve is positioned at a canister port and actuable to allow a metered flow of gas at a predetermined pressure and time through the air line and venturi nozzle. A suction line extends from the venturi nozzle and mixing chamber to a medication receiver and draws medication upward and mixes it with gas passing through the venturi nozzle into the mixing chamber and atomizes the medication into a mist.

Abstract: The invention relates to a blade for intubation devices, the blade comprising an elongated tongue with a proximal end and a distal end, a guiding part extending perpendicularly from an upper surface of the tongue and from the proximal end in direction of the distal end, whereas the tongue is made of metal or a combination of metal and plastics and the guiding part is made of plastics or a combination of plastics and metal.

Abstract: A PAP system for delivering breathable gas to a patient includes a flow generator to generate a supply of breathable gas to be delivered to the patient; a humidifier including a heating plate to vaporize water and deliver water vapor to humidify the supply of breathable gas; a heated tube configured to heat and deliver the humidified supply of breathable gas to the patient; a power supply configured to supply power to the heating plate and the heated tube; and a controller configured to control the power supply to prevent overheating of the heating plate and the heated tube.

Abstract: An oxygen concentration and compression system includes an oxygen concentrator, a boost stage, a compressor, and a portable container. The boost stage receives oxygen enriched gas at a first pressure from the oxygen concentrator. The boost stage includes a pressure increasing device that increases the pressure of the oxygen enriched gas from the first pressure to a second, controlled pressure. The compressor receives the oxygen enriched gas at the second, controlled pressure and compresses the oxygen enriched gas to a third pressure in the portable container for later use by a patient. A patient outlet provides oxygen enriched gas from the oxygen concentrator or the boost stage for use by a patient.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to medical tubes and methods of manufacturing medical tubes. The tube may be a composite structure made of two or more distinct components that are spirally wound to form an elongate tube. For example, one of the components may be a spirally wound elongate hollow body, and the other component may be an elongate structural component also spirally wound between turns of the spirally wound hollow body The tube need not be made from distinct components, however. For instance, an elongate hollow body formed (e.g., extruded) from a single material may be spirally wound to form an elongate tube. The elongate hollow body itself may in transverse cross-section have a thin wall portion and a relatively thicker or more rigid reinforcement portion. The tubes can be incorporated into a variety of medical circuits or may be employed for other medical uses.

Abstract: A patient interface device (e.g., nasal pillows, a nasal mask or a full-face mask) for delivering breathable gas to a patient has a frame with a main body and a side frame member provided on each lateral side of the main body, each side frame member including a first connector portion, and a headgear assembly removably attachable to the frame, the headgear assembly having a second connector portion adapted to be removably coupled with the first connector portion provided on the frame. The first connector portion and the second connector portion are configured for rotationally locking engagement in a plurality of different rotationally locked positions in which the first and second connector portions may not rotate relative to one another, such that the headgear assembly is rotationally adjustable with respect to the frame.

Abstract: A respiratory mask assembly including a frame and a cushion provided to the frame. The cushion including a non-face contacting portion removably attached to the frame and a face-contacting portion adapted to engage a patient's face. The face-contacting portion includes a side wall, a rim extending from the side wall and curving inwardly into a cavity of the cushion, and a membrane substantially surrounding the rim and including an inside surface spaced from an outside surface of the rim. The cushion includes a gusset portion extending radially outwardly from the side wall of the face-contacting portion and a reinforcing ring between the gusset portion and the face-contacting portion. The reinforcing ring is constructed and arranged to act as a stiffening hoop to reduce the tendency of the cushion to expand when under pressure.

Abstract: A respiratory mask includes a mask frame and a forehead support provided to the mask frame. The forehead support includes a base extending from the frame. The base includes a flexible portion along at least a portion of its length including a material and/or physical characteristic that allows the base to flex from an original, unloaded position.

Abstract: A patient interface device includes a support member, a sealing assembly attached to the support member, and a pair of contacting members. The contacting members are coupled to the support member on each side of the sealing assembly. The contacting members are each configured and arranged to contact the user over a limited contacting region, which corresponds to a junction of the oribicularis oris facial muscle, the zygomaticus facial muscle, and the risorius facial muscle.

Abstract: The Condom Cover Shield (CCS) is a flexible tube that is fitted over a condom during the condom manufacturing process. This protective closed end tube is rolled up with the new condom therefore allowing the condom/shield combination to be installed onto the penis in the same manner a condom alone is installed. Once the condom/shield is installed the shield is slipped off leaving an installed condom with an untouched exterior surface. A lubricant will be placed between the condom and cover shield to allow for easy removal of the shield after installation.

Abstract: A flexible undergarment that is worn prior to a date under a normal undergarment. The flexible undergarment has a front portion connected with a back portion, forming a hip portion and two leg portions. The flexible undergarment covers at least a portion of the wearer's lower body. The flexible undergarment includes an integral front extension or an integral middle extension. The flexible undergarment has an integral back extension. The flexible undergarment provides protection from diseases associated with contact of bodily fluid, other people's skin, or the like.

Abstract: An adjustable face mask having a body conforming substantially to the facial structure of a wearer. The face mask is provided with a neck protector and removable filter and with a strip of fabric designed to push air down to the sides of the wearer's face in order to eliminate fogging of the wearer's goggles. The face mask can optionally provide neck protection with a descending neck member.

Abstract: A smoking article comprising a first part, and a second part comprising a sleeve extending around at least a part of the first part of the smoking article. The smoking article defines one or more ventilation areas providing ventilation into a longitudinal end of the sleeve of the smoking article.

Abstract: A cigarette tobacco filler device includes a cigarette tobacco loader for loading tobacco leaves into a tobacco receiving cavity, wherein the cigarette tobacco loader includes a loader body and a loader arrangement. The loader body has a loading cavity and a loading opening aligned with the tobacco receiving cavity. The loader arrangement includes a loading pusher movably supported by the loader body to move between first and second positions, and a loader handle pivotally coupled at the loader body to move the loading pusher between said first and second positions. At the first position, a loading gap is formed between the pusher end of the loading pusher and the loading opening for receiving the tobacco leaves within the loading gap. At the second position, the pusher end of the loading pusher is driven for pushing the tobacco leaves within the loading gap into the tobacco receiving cavity.

Abstract: In an electronic cigarette of the sort having a housing, a power section, and an atomizer, at least a portion of a first flow stream passes through the atomizer. A mixing valve within the housing has a first input that receives the first flow stream, and a second input receiving a second flow stream (20) that avoids the atomizing element, and an output (34) connected in fluid continuity to the opening in the proximal end, wherein the output conducts a mixture of the first flow stream (25) and the second flow stream (20). The apparatus further includes a regulating element (42) for the mixing valve in order to control a composition of the mixture.

Abstract: An apparatus has a housing that has a first section and a second section. The first section has a first compartment for storing a cigarette and a second compartment for containing a cutting device having a blade. The first compartment is sealed from the second compartment. A slide button on the housing allows the user to move the cutting device within the second compartment. The second section has an opening and a hollow interior that are sized to allow a user to insert a portion of a cigarette through the opening and into the hollow interior. A user inserts the used portion of a cigarette into the opening and hollow interior and then uses the slide button to move the blade into the hollow interior to cut off the used portion of the cigarette. The user then places the remaining portion of the cigarette in the first compartment.

Abstract: Assembly and quality of an electronic cigarette (“e-Cig”) may be tested and verified using imaging techniques. Infrared (“IR”) imaging may identify whether a temperature is uniform in an e-Cig during usage. Potential burning locations may be identified through the imaging by identifying locations whose temperature is unusually high or non-uniform. This temperature information may be used to calibrate the power of the e-Cig.

Abstract: An electronic cigarette atomizer is provided, comprising a suction nozzle cover, a fiberglass pipe sleeved on the suction nozzle cover, an oil cotton coated outside of the fiberglass pipe and a shell coated outside of the oil cotton, wherein, it also comprises multiple insulating layers and a connector far away from one end of the suction nozzle cover, the multiple insulating layers are sleeved on the outside of the oil cotton successively and located between the oil cotton and the shell, one end of the multiple insulating layers is butting connected with the connector embed into the shell, the other end of the multiple insulating layers is butting connected with the suction nozzle cover nested in the shell. It can effectively solve the problem that the electronic cigarette may run hot after been used continuously for a long time and improve the taste of smoking through using multiple insulating layers.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a heater configured to heat smokeable material to volatilize at least one component of the smokeable material, wherein the heater is elongate and comprises a plurality of independently controllable heating regions arranged sequentially along a longitudinal axis of the heater.

Abstract: A Bluetooth v4.0-based intelligent electronic cigarette is provided with a casing including an atomizer, a controller, and a battery. The controller includes a software and hardware assembly having an MCU, and a Bluetooth-based board having a Bluetooth v4.0 module connected to the MCU, the Bluetooth v4.0 module being capable of transmitting data processed by the MCU, and receiving data and transmitting same to the MCU. The battery is electrically connected to the MCU. The Bluetooth v4.0 module is employed to implement a two-direction communication between the electronic cigarette and a mobile app, thereby enabling a user to control his/her simulated tobacco smoking by monitoring what is shown on the mobile app.

Abstract: An additive-containing member having first and second regions, the second region comprising a predetermined region (5) having a reduced strength limit relative to the first region so that the predetermined region is caused to break when pressure is applied to the additive-containing member, thereby to release additive, wherein the predetermined region is at a seal between two parts (1,2) of the additive-containing member.