Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and methods for automated real-time monitoring and controlling desalting in a crude distillation unit. Crude oil and wash water are mixed by a pressure drop across a mix valve, thereby forming a crude oil/water phase stream. The crude oil/water phase stream is supplied into a desalter vessel, whereupon an emulsion forms at an interface between the crude oil and the water phase. The crude oil/water phase stream is contacted with a dosage of an emulsion breaker in an applied electric field. At least one property associated with the emulsion is measured using an emulsion level indicator. A total chlorine and a water percentage of the crude oil are measured. At least one of the pressure drop and the dosage of the emulsion breaker is adjusted substantially in real time in response to at least one of the measured properties, total chlorine, and water percentage.

Abstract: The invention provides the activation, refining and stabilization of oil shale. The stabilization may be performed by recirculative extraction, the activation by electromagnetic irradiation, steam, or by an inorganic base, and the refining by ion beam irradiation. The thus processed oil shale may be used to adsorb organic and inorganic contaminants from a variety of materials include materials of vegetable origin.

Abstract: A method to significantly reduce the need for treating bottom ash with a bonding agent, such as lime or concrete, as is typically done by Waste-to-Energy facilities within the United States of America. Furthermore it is a method that will greatly reduce the costs associated with freight, and disposal typically associated with WTE bottom ash by extracting excess water, metallic, and eliminating the need for supplemental additives such as lime or concrete.

Abstract: The present invention provides a turbulent flow fly ash flotation process and flotation device. The process of the present invention comprises the following steps: 1) adding a flotation agent and/or a collecting agent to fly ash raw material to form a mixture; 2) in the flotation device, allowing the mixture obtained from step 1) to fall from the upper part of the flotation device; 3) forming upwardly blowing gas in the flotation device, the gas having countercurrent contacts with the falling mixture of step 2), and in the process of the upward movement of the gas, the gas being in a turbulent state; 4) collecting particles which are formed by the upward movement of the gas in step 3) and which pass through the flotation plate of the flotation device. In the present invention, the gas for blowing bubbles and particles upward is in a turbulent state to provide improved flotation effect and higher flotation rate.

Abstract: A sorting screen for sorting material comprises a row of rotatable, driven shafts mutually spaced in a conveying direction. Each shaft extends transversally to said conveying direction and carries carrying a row of radially extending rotor bodies for intermittently urging material on the sorting screen upward and in conveying direction. The rotor bodies of each of said rows are mutually spaced in longitudinal direction of the respective shaft by spacers. Each spacer is a tubular spacer and each rotor body is provided with at least a recess or a number of projections retaining a respective end face of a respective tubular spacer.

Abstract: A system, method and apparatus for separating materials of different specific gravities including a material flow-path surface having a trap structure with an oscillator coupled thereto to cause oscillation thereof while the surface is immersed in a standing fluid.

Abstract: Method and systems for sorting are described. In one embodiment, a container is released into a pocket section, with the pocket section being at a first alignment stage. The pocket section is rotated with the container away from the first alignment stage to a second alignment stage. Attributes of the container are acquired at the second alignment stage. An order to which the container belongs is identified with the acquired attributes. The pocket section with the container is rotated to a third alignment stage. The location of the third alignment stage is selected based on the identified order. The container is received to group with one or more containers in the identified order. Additional methods and systems are disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing value documents, in particular banknotes, comprises more processing zones respectively having at least one cover for covering an internal space of the processing zone in question. An interior lighting means is provided and at least one region of the cover or adjacent to the cover is semitransparent. The internal space can thus be viewed through the semitransparent region only when the interior lighting means is switched on. Upon detecting an error in the bank note processing, the interior lighting means of the processing zone in question lights up automatically, thus guiding the operator directly to the location of the problem.

Abstract: An inspection unit of a welding inspection device includes: a striking device having a striking member that applies an impulsive force to a press molded article, a drive mechanism that applies a drive force to the striking member, and an urging member that urges the striking member; a microphone to which sound waves generated from the press molded article; and a detection device that detects a welding state of the press molded article. The striking member applies the impulsive force to the press molded article in a state in which the drive force by the drive mechanism is cut off and the striking member is urged by the urging member in the direction opposite to the application direction, and after application of the impulsive force to the press molded article, the striking member is forcibly pulled back in the direction opposite to the application direction by the urging member.

Abstract: A filtering apparatus with a plurality of filtering elements (9) which can be accommodated in a filter housing (1) having a filter inlet (45) for fluid to be filtered and a filter outlet (43) for the filtered fluid, wherein during the filtration operation, at least one of the filtering elements (9) can be back-flushed by means of a back-flushing device (13, 21) in order to dedust the effective filtering surface of said filtering element, the back-flushing device comprising a pressure control device (13) for assisting the back-flushing operation, is characterized in that the pressure control device comprises a hydraulic accumulator (13), the one fluid chamber (67) of which can be filled during the filtration operation with a quantity of dedusted fluid and can be connected for a back-flushing operation via a back-flushing guide (21) to the clean side (59) of the filtering element (9) to be dedusted, and in that, for a back-flushing operation, a further fluid chamber (79) of the hydraulic accumulator (13) can be

Abstract: A filter element includes in an end cap assembly an internal bypass valve such that the bypass valve can be replaced along with the filter element. Additionally or alternatively, the filter element end cap assembly has a reverse flow valve for enabling reverse flow across the filter element without passage through filter element.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a canister comprising a venturi component. The venturi component includes a check valve and a channel defined in the venturi component coupling the check valve to an interior cavity of the canister. Another apparatus additionally includes a plenum fluidly coupled to a venturi component via a channel defined in the venturi component such that a check valve only permits fluid to travel from the plenum into the canister.

Abstract: A whirlpool skimming device removes surface debris from a pool by creating a whirlpool having an upper bound at the surface of the pool. The uppermost portion of the whirlpool is free standing and is not bounded by the device. The device includes an outer cup-shaped portion and an inner cup-shaped portion coaxially disposed therein. An opening is disposed in the bottom of the inner cup-shaped portion which communicates with a source of suction which is preferably a Venturi tube feeding the outlet water to a filter bag. There is a first nozzle supplying water at an upper, inner edge of the inner cup-shaped portion at a slightly downward angle in a first direction, and there is a second nozzle supplying water at a lower, outer edge of the inner cup-shaped portion and mounted on an opposite side of the inner cup-shaped portion.

Abstract: A manually operated hydrodynamic cavitation water device formed from a cylindrical bottle having an internal chamber constructed and arranged to cause hydrodynamic cavitation of water placed within the bottle upon vigorous shaking. The bottle includes a series of plates positioned within the bottle having a plurality of bi-directional orifices designed to control the velocity of water with each said orifice. Each plate further includes a edge shape to induce shearing, which together with the plate orifices are constructed and arranged to create micro bubbles to create OH-radicals.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and compositions for preparing an adsorbent composition for sustained silver ion release is provided. The method comprises impregnating silver nanoparticles on an organic-templated-nanometal oxyhydroxide. Particle size of the silver nanoparticles is less than about 50 nm. The adsorbent composition is antimicrobial in water. In an aspect, the organic- templated-nanometal oxyhydroxide is organic-templated-boehmite nanoarchitecture (OTBN). The resultant adsorbent composition is used as a water filter in a water purification device.

Abstract: Filter assemblies, filter modules, and filtration systems and methods.

Abstract: A cleaning structure for floating oil and substance on water surface provided by the present invention comprises at least one cleaning ball and a threading rope. The cleaning ball comprises a plurality of yarns arranged in parallel, and a tie is used for bundling the yarns at the middle section to form a ball structure. A fixing ring is threaded with the tie, and the threading rope is threaded through the fixing ring of each of the cleaning balls. The tie of each of the cleaning balls can be threaded with the threading rope in equal intervals beforehand, and the cleaning balls formed by bundling the side by side arranged yarns with the ties are arranged on the threading rope in equal intervals to form the cleaning structure.

Abstract: The piping joint according to the present embodiment includes a joint part that joins a plurality of pipes for transporting a medium to one another. At least one conductive line is provided between the pipes so as to extend over cross-sections of the pipes. A ground part grounds the conductive line. The conductive line removes electric charges from the medium via the ground part.

Abstract: A liquid filter has a housing with an outlet line for liquid and a vent line, one being arranged in a drain housing socket on the housing. A closure element closes off outlet line and vent line. An annular space socket coaxially surrounds the drain housing socket outwardly and delimits with the drain housing socket an annular space to which the vent line or the outlet line is connected. The closure element has a collecting pot with bottom and a closure socket arranged at the bottom that fits within the annular space and is coaxially attached to the drain housing socket for axial movement. A sealing area on the bottom externally surrounds the drain housing socket. When the closure element is closed, the sealing area seals a free end face of the annular space socket. The fluid collecting pot has a liquid drain opening outside of the sealing area.

Abstract: Liquid purifying apparatus integrating a filter assembly and an ultraviolet light disinfection assembly that are suitable for portable water purification are described. A first apparatus includes a container, a cap assembly including a filter removably coupled to a first opening of the container and a disinfection assembly coupled to a second opening of the container and adapted to emit UV light to disinfect liquid in the container. A second apparatus includes upper and lower reservoirs, a filter assembly between the reservoirs, a disinfection assembly coupled to an opening in the lower reservoir and adapted to emit UV light to disinfect liquid in the lower reservoir and a spout in fluid communication with the lower reservoir.

Abstract: A composite filter apparatus includes a container with a receiving space, and top and bottom openings communicated with the receiving space. A filter member includes a filter core in the receiving space, a blocking member on a top end of the filter core, and a retainer plate on a bottom end of the filter core. The receiving space is divided by the blocking member into an upper receiving space that communicates the top opening of the container, and a lower receiving space that surrounds the filter core and that communicates the bottom opening. Activated carbon particles are filled in the upper and lower receiving spaces.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an anodized aluminum oxide tubular nano-porous membrane array module and method of manufacture thereof. Further the invention relates to a system of such modules. The tubular membrane modules of the present invention can be cascaded to up-scale the surface area of the overall system rather than scaling the surface area of a single tubular membrane. Thus the volume density that is the available surface area for filtration per unit volume of the system is substantially enhanced without compromising on mechanical stability to withstand the pressure differential defines by the end use application.

Abstract: A fluid filtration media is disclosed that incorporates a channel depth layer to prevent collapse between media layers for increased filtration efficiency while maintaining increased filter life.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing multilayer anodized aluminium oxide nano-porous membrane and the membrane produced thereof. Further the invention relates to the nano-porous multi-layer membrane for filtration application. The three layered membrane of the present invention avoids sticking of solute components on the surface obviating the problem of coagulation. This membrane imparts anti coagulation capability wherein in-spite of sticking of the solute component on the surface of the membrane appropriate passage is still available for liquid/small solutes to pass beneath the said stuck solute component to enhance effective surface area for filtration obviating the problem associated with coagulation.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a multilayer membrane containing carbon nanotube manufactured by a layer-by-layer assembly method, the multilayer membrane according to the present invention having excellent (i) flux property, (ii) anti-fouling (in particular, anti-protein-fouling) property, and (iii) flux recovery property by a simple water cleaning process even after the membrane is fouled.

Abstract: A wastewater treatment system includes an outlet barrier for controlling a flow of wastewater from a treatment zone to an outlet from the wastewater environment. An immersed support structure is disposed in the treatment zone for supporting aquatic plants in the wastewater environment. The support structure has adjustable buoyancy such that a position of the support structure relative to the upper surface of the wastewater in the treatment zone may be adjusted by adjusting the buoyancy of the support structure.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of inhibiting microorganism growth comprising contacting a substance susceptible to microorganism growth with an amount of a non-decomposed moss effective to inhibit microorganism growth, wherein the moss is selected from the group consisting of sphagnum papillosum, sphagnum cristatum, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A method for treating a sludge to be fed to a bioreactor for treating wastewater, or an anaerobic or aerobic sludge digester, the method comprising contacting the sludge with free nitrous acid.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for improving the percent recovery and water quality in water with high levels of hardness. Embodiments of the method include receiving a produced water composition, partially softening the water composition, and directing the partially softened water composition through at least one reverse osmosis unit. The method may be used to purify and clarify produced water from oil and gas operations for use in boilers or once-through steam generators.

Abstract: A portable dialysis device that can be continuously worn in and/or on the body of a patient, with a blood chamber in which the patient's blood can be received, a hydraulic chamber which can be filled with a hydraulic fluid and which adjoins the blood chamber, an at least partially flexible delivery membrane which is arranged between the hydraulic chamber and the blood chamber and which, when the hydraulic chamber is filled with hydraulic fluid, is movable in the direction of the blood chamber in such a way as to cause a compression of the blood chamber and therefore an ejection of the blood located therein, a pump for controllable filling and/or emptying of the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic chamber, such that blood can in this way be conveyed into the blood chamber and/or out of the latter, a filter membrane which is arranged between the blood chamber and the hydraulic chamber and through which waste substances in the blood can be removed to the hydraulic fluid located in the hydraulic chamber, such that t

Abstract: A synthetic bead for use in mineral separation is described. The synthetic bead has a surface made of or coated with a synthetic material such as a polymer that is naturally hydrophobic or a polymer that is hydrophobically modified. The synthetic bead can be made of glass having a coating or polysiloxane. The synthetic beads can be placed in flotation cell containing a mixture of water, collector molecules, valuable material and unwanted material or in a pipeline where the mixture is transported from one location to another. The collector chemical can be xanthates. The enriched synthetic beads carrying the mineral particles are separated from the unwanted materials in the mixture. The mineral particles are then released from the synthetic beads by means of low pH treatment, ultrasonic agitation, thermal or electromagnetic treatment.

Abstract: Provided are a mixture separation method and a separation apparatus in which processes are performed efficiently in a short time compared to conventional methods with a low load on the apparatus configuration compared to conventional methods. The present invention is a mixture separation method or a mixture separation apparatus for separating, by applying a gradient magnetic field to a paramagnetic supporting liquid containing a mixture of first particles and second particles, the mixture by particle type. A magnetic susceptibility of the first particles is lower than a magnetic susceptibility of the supporting liquid, and a magnetic susceptibility of the second particles is higher than the magnetic susceptibility of the supporting liquid. A gradient magnetic field is applied to the supporting liquid in the separation tank (7) provided with a magnetic filter means (9) using a magnetic field generating means (11), and the supporting liquid is stirred.

Abstract: Techniques for depleting target organisms in water include a waterproof transducer configured for ensonifying a container of water with low intensity sound at one or more ultrasound frequencies for a duration sufficient to prevent maturation of at least 90% of the target organism. In some cases the target organism is mosquito larvae. For example, a portable system for depleting target organisms in water includes a control system and a plurality of waterproof transducers. The system is configured for ensonifying a surface layer of water in an acoustic frequency range from about 40 kilohertz to about 100 kilohertz and in a power concentration range from about 35 milliwatts per milliliter to 100 milliwatts per milliliter for a duration in a range from about 1 to about 100 seconds.

Abstract: A solution for treating a fluid, such as water, is provided. The solution determines an ultraviolet transparency of a fluid before or as the fluid enters a disinfection chamber. In the disinfection chamber, the fluid can be irradiated by ultraviolet radiation to harm microorganisms that may be present in the fluid. One or more attributes of the disinfection chamber, fluid flow, and/or ultraviolet radiation can be adjusted based on the transparency to provide more efficient irradiation and/or higher disinfection rates.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for oxidizing sulfides. The process can include passing an alkaline stream having about 1-about 30%, by weight, of an alkaline material and one or more sulfide compounds to a reaction zone having a metal phthalocyanine catalyst.

Abstract: A composition comprised of sand and a hydrophobic polycationic polymer covalently bonded to the sand is provided. Exemplary polycationic polymer are N,N-hexyl, methyl-PEI or N,N-dodecyl, methyl-PEI. This antimicrobial polycationic sand filter uses the antimicrobial properties of hydrophobic polycations (N-hexylated polyethylenimine). The sand filter inactivates microorganisms, as water is run through the sand. Preliminary sand washing methods can be used regenerate the inactivation efficacy. Unlike traditional water disinfectants, the polycationic sand filter does not create harmful disinfection byproducts and does not require large chemical and energy consumption.

Abstract: It is an object to provide a method for killing aquatic organisms in liquid by which aquatic organisms in liquid can be killed at low cost, and the object is attained by a method including a first step of generating microbubbles in a range of 4 to 100 ?m from bubbles containing ozone discharged into liquid in a pipe, a second step of forcibly crushing the microbubbles in the pipe generated at the first step to generate OH radicals as a result of crushing of the microbubbles themselves due to the forcible crushing, and a third step of generating OH radicals as a result of dissolution and decomposition of the ozone contained in the microbubbles in the liquid due to the forcible crushing of the microbubbles, wherein the OH radicals generated at the second and third steps, OH radicals generated as a result of self-crushing of the microbubbles themselves in the liquid in the pipe, and OH radicals generated as a result of dissolution and decomposition of the ozone contained in the microbubbles in the liquid due to

Abstract: A system for processing returned drilling fluid including a flow line configured to provide a return flow of drilling fluids and at least one vibratory separator having at least one screen, wherein the vibratory separator is fluidly connected to the flow low and is configured to receive at least a partial flow of fluids and separate the flow of fluids into a primarily fluid phase and a primarily solids phase. The system further includes a dual-trough configured to receive the primarily solid phase from the at least one vibratory separator and a slurry tank configured to receive the solids phase from the trough. Additionally, a method of processing a return drilling fluid including dividing the return drilling fluid into a primarily fluids phase and a primarily solids phase with a primary separatory operation.

Abstract: The invention relates to the filtering of liquid samples, preferably in a laboratory environment, for example for collecting micro organisms from the liquid sample for subsequent testing. The invention provides a method for filtering a liquid sample which comprises providing a blank of a deformable sheet material and a filtration medium, deforming the blank to form a funnel extending above and about the filtration medium, introducing the liquid sample to be filtered into the so formed funnel, and filtering the liquid sample from the funnel through the filtration medium, for example to a downstream receptacle. The method is accordingly based on the concept that the funnel is not or at least not completely preformed but provided in a form of a blank of a deformable material sheet which is deformed so as to form the funnel at the point and time of use during filtration.

Abstract: A storage rack having a flexible moment frame adapted for receiving pallets with stored goods. The frame flexes or floats when a vector, lateral force “V” is applied thereto, such as an earthquake. The frame includes spaced apart vertical posts. A plurality of sets of horizontal load and cross beams are releasably attached along a length of the vertical posts. When the lateral, vector force “V’ is applied to the moment frame, a top portion of the frame is displaced from the vertical at an angle “? Flexible”. This angle is greater than an angle “? Rigid” for similar storage racks with rigid frames. Thus with this angle of flexiblity, the moment frame reduces potential damage to the stored goods.

Abstract: A peg board hook, for insertion into a peg board, the peg board hook includes two tangs, each tang configured complementary, such that tangs from adjacent peg board hooks can be inserted into the same hole.

Abstract: A fast crane and an operation method for the same are provided. The operation method includes calculating a pendulum period and moving the object. The pendulum period of the cable is calculated. The object is moved with an acceleration during an active time based on the pendulum period.

Abstract: An enhanced stability crane (100) is described. Embodiments include a telescoping main support mast (114) upon which a crane base (106) resides. A boom (140) projects upwardly from the crane base and a jib (148) typically projects upwardly from the boom. A clamping assembly (108) resides on the main support mast and is configured to attach to an existing structure adjacent to the crane, in order to enhance stability. Multiple clamping assemblies can be distributed along the telescoping main support mast when it is extended. The existing structure is generally a tower structure (180) that is columnar and vertical in shape and orientation, and frequently has an elliptical horizontal cross-section. Tower structures are typically, but not necessarily, wind turbine towers. In some embodiments, the crane is mobile capable of lifting objects weighing about 110 tons to a height of about 400 feet. The crane typically adjusts to a collapsed configuration, enabling facile transport.

Abstract: A profile carrier includes a base profile of metal and a reinforcement member of fiber-reinforced plastic material that reinforces the base profile. The reinforcement member and the base profile are connected to each other by at least one wall-side positive-locking element that is provided on a profile wall of the base profile and that extends in a transverse direction of the profile wall. The at least one wall-side positive-locking element and the reinforcement member engage one inside of the other in the transverse direction of the profile wall with a positive-locking connection between the reinforcement member and the base profile formed substantially parallel to the profile wall.

Abstract: A railcar draft gear assembly including a housing, a spring sea, a spring and a friction clutch assembly in operable combination relative to each other within the housing. The spring includes a series of axially stacked elastomeric pads arranged between a closed end of the housing and the spring seat. An axially elongated guide rod is endwise passed through the spring seat and elastomeric pads for aligning the pads relative to a longitudinal axis of the draft gear assembly. The guide rod is operably inhibited from axial shifting movements during operation of the draft gear assembly. A related method for assembling the draft gear is also disclosed.

Abstract: A model railroad car coupler assembly comprises a coupler with an upper shank having a coupler knuckle at a distal portion and a flat proximal portion, a lower shank having a coupler thumb at a distal portion and a flat proximal portion, and a coil spring terminating in first and second end portions, with a first turn of the coupler spring interlocked with the upper shank and a second turn interlocked with the lower shank. A mounting box has a circular mounting post that accepts circular openings in the shanks permitting them to rotate relative to each other between a closed coupled position and an open uncoupling position. The spring end portions engage the mounting box to bias the shanks into their coupled position. The knuckle carries a ferrous actuating pin that cooperates with a magnetic pad along a track to rotate the upper shank into its open position.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an integrated liner-based system having an overpack and a liner provided within the overpack, the liner comprising a mouth and a liner wall forming an interior cavity of the liner and having a thickness such that the liner is substantially self-supporting in an expanded state, but is collapsible at a pressure of less than about 20 psi. The liner and overpack may be made by blow molding the liner and the overpack at the same time using nested preforms.

Abstract: A blow moulded container has a body portion defining a chamber for storing liquid and a neck portion extending from the body portion. The body portion defines a central longitudinal axis and said neck portion is coaxial therewith. The body portion defines an upper shoulder region of curved profile and the neck portion defines a circular cylindrical portion having side walls concentric with and parallel to said central longitudinal axis. The lower end of the cylindrical portion defines a closed loop and has a non-planar intersection with the shoulder region of the body portion.

Abstract: A blow moulded container has a body portion defining a chamber for storing liquid and a neck portion extending from the body portion. The body portion defines a central longitudinal axis and said neck portion is coaxial therewith. The body portion defines an upper shoulder region of curved profile and the neck portion defines a circular cylindrical portion having side walls concentric with and parallel to said central longitudinal axis. The lower end of the cylindrical portion defines a closed loop and has a non-planar intersection with the shoulder region of the body portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a date display cap for a medicine bottle, which includes: an outer cap (10, 110) configured to be rotated forwardly or reversely by a user and having a display window (11, 111); an inner cap (20, 120) having a screw unit (20a, 120a) screw-coupled to a mouth (B1) of a medicine bottle (B) on an inner peripheral surface thereof and rotatably installed at an inside of the outer cap (10, 110); and a date display unit (30, 130) installed between the outer cap (10, 110) and the inner cap (20, 120), for displaying a changed date through the display window (11, 111) when the outer cap (10, 110) is rotated forwardly and reversely with respect to the inner cap (20, 120).