Abstract: The high quality PCS communications are enabled in environments where adjacent PCS service bands operate with out-of-band harmonics that would otherwise interfere with the system's operation. The highly bandwidth-efficient communications method combines a form of time division duplex (TDD), frequency division duplex (FDD), time division multiple access (TDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), spatial diversity, and polarization diversity in various unique combinations. The method provides excellent fade resistance. The method enables changing a user's available bandwidth on demand by assigning additional TDMA slots during the user's session.

Abstract: Stateful failover redundancy support is provided for network address translation (NAT). A master NAT device is backed-up with at least one back-up NAT device. Existing sessions are synchronized between the two NAT devices, such as via a dedicated link between them. In the event of a failover where the master NAT device is unable to perform its NAT functions, ownership of Internet protocol (IP) addresses is transferred from the master NAT device to the back-up NAT device. The back-up NAT device, which is now owner of the IP addresses, assumes the NAT functionality associated with these IP addresses and continues the existing sessions, as well as processing new sessions.

Abstract: According to an example, a traffic management method includes that an edge device of a data center site receives first-hop gateway information of at least one remote data center sites from an edge device of the at least one remote data center site, checks whether a local first-hop gateway has failed, and in response to the local first-hop gateway being determined as having failed, transmits a packet originating within the data center site and addressed to the local first hop gateway to an edge device of a remote data center site.

Abstract: In one embodiment, nodes are polled in a network for Quality of Service (QoS) measurements, and a QoS anomaly that affects a plurality of potentially faulty nodes is detected based on the QoS measurements. A path, which traverses the plurality of potentially faulty nodes, is then computed from a first endpoint to a second endpoint. Also, a median node that is located at a point along the path between the first endpoint and the second endpoint is computed. Time-stamped packets are received from the median node, and the first endpoint and the second endpoint of the path are updated based on the received time-stamped packets, such that an amount of potentially faulty nodes is reduced. Then, the faulty node is identified from a reduced amount of potentially faulty nodes.

Abstract: A method is provided in one example embodiment and includes identifying for a new node added to a communications network a plurality of existing network nodes respectively connected to one of a plurality of ports of the new node and capable of implementing a particular routing protocol; selecting one of the identified existing network nodes to serve as a designated forwarder (“DF”) for the new node; performing a power on auto provisioning (“PoAP”) procedure in connection with the new node; and opening the ports of the new node to which the identified existing network nodes are connected.

Abstract: In a multi-domain network in which at least one working interconnected node and at least one protection interconnected node are formed between a first service end node and a second service end node, when a failure has occurred in both a working transport entity and a first protection transport entity of a node, a node having recognized a failure performs switching to a second protection transport entity that is connected to a corresponding interconnected node.

Abstract: An information handling system is provided. The information handling system includes a first network switch configurable, the first network switch having a computer processor in communication with a plurality of ports for receiving and sending frames and a memory coupled to the computer processor and including a media access control (MAC) address table. The computer processor is configured to read frames, each frame having a header, and is also configured to associate a MAC address with a parent link aggregation group (LAG) except while a downstream link failure is detected. The computer processor is configured to associate the MAC address with a sub-LAG while a downstream link failure is detected. Methods for directing traffic through a virtual link trunking (VLT) domain during failure of a downstream link are also provided.

Abstract: A method is provided for congestion control in a network node (114; 510; 700; 900) of a communication network (701). The network node handles a plurality of data connections (DC1?N; RAB1?N) for conveying data between a first side and a second side of the communication network. The congestion control involves associating the data connections with respective target weights (wk; k=1?N) for Quality-of-Service (QoS) bit-rate differentiation. The method comprises the following steps, performed in the network node. Experienced bit-rates (rk=1?N) are obtained (620) for the data connections (DC1?N; RAB 1?N). For each data connection (DCi; RAB i), a time integrated difference is determined (632) between the data connection's targeted bit-rate according to its target weight (wi), and its experienced bit-rate (ri). Then, for each data connection, an adjusted weight (w?i) for QoS bit-rate differentiation is calculated (634) based on the determined time integrated difference and the target weight (wi).

Abstract: The disclosure is related to dynamically applying quality of service (QoS) to a call. An aspect determines a packet transmission state of a subscriber on the call, determines whether or not the QoS is allocated to the subscriber, and allocates the QoS to the subscriber based on the QoS not being allocated to the subscriber and the packet transmission state indicating that the subscriber is sending packets.

Abstract: The present invention is provided with: a data-driven processor comprising at least a firing control which determines whether or not firing conditions have been met by determining whether or not all packets necessary for instruction execution have been received when a packet that convey a part of partitioned data to be processed has been input, and a data processing unit for performing processing corresponding to the packets transmitted from the firing control if the firing conditions have been met; a power supply circuit for supplying power to the data-driven processor; and overload avoidance means for refusing input of the packets to the data-driven processor, if a determination has been made that a data processing load in the data-driven processor may reach an overloaded state in which the data processing may stall, on the basis of current consumption in the data-driven processor. Accordingly, power consumption in a networking system is reduced.

Abstract: A code division multiple access (CDMA) communication device comprises a medium access controller (MAC) configured to receive data from a plurality of channels. Each channel is associated with a priority and an identifier. The MAC is further configured to multiplex the data of the plurality of channels for transmission over a CDMA channel based on the priority.

Abstract: An example method for a distributed NetFlow exporter with a single IP endpoint in a network environment is provided and includes configuring a network protocol stack of an exporter with switched virtual interface (SVI) state information of an SVI associated with a switch in a network, retrieving flow data from a NetFlow cache, and communicating the flow data to a collector according to the configured network protocol stack. Although the communication bypasses the SVI, the collector perceives the flow records as being communicated by the SVI. The SVI state information includes a public Internet Protocol (IP) address and a Media Access Control (MAC) address of the SVI, where the exporter executes on an adaptor of a server in the network. The method also includes configuring a destination IP address and a destination MAC address on the exporter according to a NetFlow policy.

Abstract: Network devices facilitate flow management through packet marking. The network devices may be switches, routers, bridges, hubs, or any other network device. The packet marking may include analyzing received packets to determine when the received packets meet a marking criterion, and then applying a configurable marking function to mark the packets in a particular way. The marking capability may facilitate deadline aware end-to-end flow management, as one specific example. More generally, the marking capability may facilitate traffic management actions such as visibility actions and flow management actions.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing content-aware adaptation of multimedia communications in wireless networks to ensure Quality of Experience (QoE) of the content transmitted by the multimedia communications are generally disclosed herein. One example embodiment includes adaptive streaming optimization techniques, such as the exchanging of application-layer parameters used to establish network connectivity settings and implement an appropriate QoE for applications communicating within the wireless network. Example embodiments may also determine and implement Quality of Service (QoS) parameters for the wireless network and other connected networks based on the application-layer parameters. Such application-layer parameters may include receiver display capabilities and multimedia-specific parameters.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for controlling a number of user equipments operating in a cellular network. The method comprises receiving an indication that a rise-over-thermal (RoT) measured in a cell is above a threshold. In response to reception of the indication, it is determined (52) if a user equipment, which is in a Radio Resource Control, RRC, state CELL_DCH and served by the cell, has a low data activity in the uplink According to the method, a user equipment, which is in the RRC state CELL_DCH, is served by the cell and is determined to have a low data activity in the uplink, is triggered (54) to change state to a RRC state CELL_FACH. Thereby the contribution of the user equipment to the RoT of the cell may be reduced and it may be possible to avoid dropping users due to congestion control in case of unacceptably high RoT in the cell.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for network congestion remediation utilizing loop free alternate load sharing within a network device are described. The network device monitors a plurality of egress output queues. Upon detecting congestion at one of the output queues that is a primary next hop for traffic matching an entry of a forwarding table, the network device causes some of the affected traffic to continue to utilize the congested output queue and some of the affected traffic to utilize a loop free alternate next hop via a different output queue at a different port. Upon detecting an end to the congestion, the network device sends all of the affected traffic using the primary next hop.

Abstract: Computer networks with multiple nodes are often required to deliver packets to all nodes in the network, commonly referred to as “flooding.” Flooding is used to deliver multicast and broadcast packets generated by application, network and other layers of the networking stack. Flooding can be done very reliably but less efficiently via node to node “unicast” transmissions, or very efficiently but less reliably via “broadcast” transmissions. In order to balance reliability with efficiency, this invention defines a threshold for the number of neighboring nodes as seen by a given node prior to a flooding operation to determine whether data should be unicast or broadcast. Below that threshold, unicast is used; at or above that threshold, broadcast is used. The invention also incorporates knowledge of nodes seen in turn by neighbor nodes as part of this decision.

Abstract: A communication terminal for receiving a communication service from a network that is configured to provide communication services to terminals via a plurality of communication devices, the terminal being configured to receive a communication service from a communication device, receive, from that communication device, a request that it handover from that communication service to another provided by the network and decide, responsive to that request, whether or not to handover from that communication service to another provided by the network.

Abstract: A method, computer readable medium and serving node includes an interface configured to exchange data with a user equipment and with a gateway node of a network; and a processor. The processor is configured to implement a classifier function for intercepting a request from the user equipment, and for analyzing whether the request complies with pre-established categorization rules, a request analyzer function for analyzing the request when the request complies with the pre-established categorization rules and for selecting one mode of plural available modes, and an application function for requesting a quality of service, QoS, bearer to be established between the serving node and the user equipment when the selected mode includes a QoS requirement.

Abstract: The invention relates to a central control entity (200) configured to control a data plane flow of a stream of data packages in a radio access network part of a mobile communications network. The central control entity (200) comprises an information detecting unit (210), configured to detect information about data plane applications (41-44) attached to forwarding elements (120-124; 131-134) of the radio access network part and configured to detect information about at least one data plane application (41-44) that is to be applied to said data plane flow.

Abstract: A method for performing communication by a device-to-device (D2D) user equipment (UE) performing D2D communication in a wireless communication system supporting the D2D communication, comprises receiving a transmission request signal for D2D communication from at least one other D2D UE; measuring a received signal power or a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the received at least one transmission request signal; generating, based on the measurement, D2D link information including at least one of received signal power or SNR information about a D2D link between the D2D UE and the at least one other D2D UE and information about an interference level caused by the at least one other D2D UE; and transmitting the generated D2D link information and a bandwidth request for D2D communication to a base station.

Abstract: Numerous enhancements to metro Ethernet network (MEN) E-LAN services and IETF Virtual Private LAN Service (VPLS) include an enhancement of the overall Quality of Service (QoS) architecture, an enhancement to classification at the provider edge, the use of Ethernet QoS classes, enhancements to policing and marking at ingress provider edge equipment, the provision of traffic management functions at egress provider edge equipment, the use of multiple Ethernet virtual connections (EVCs) and Aggregate EVCs, an enhancement to QoS across an external network-network interface and an enhancement to treatment of Ethernet service frames in a core network.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an example of a method for a first router to adaptively determine status within a network. The network may include the first router, a second router and a third router. The method for the first router may comprise determining status information regarding the second router located in the network, and transmitting the status information to the third router located in the network. The second router and the third router may be indirectly coupled to one another.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing tunneling signaling over an IP tunneling path connected to an end-to-end path on an IP network are provided, in which an end-to-end signaling flow is received from a sender or a receiver on the end-to-end path, a tunnel signaling flow is generated corresponding to the received end-to-end signaling flow, and the generated tunnel signaling flow is transmitted through the IP tunneling path, the end-to-end signaling flow is forwarded between an entry node and an exit node of the IP tunneling path, and the forwarded end-to-end signaling flow is transmitted to at least any one node on the end-to-end path, wherein the forwarding is simultaneously performed with the transmitting of the tunnel signaling flow, and the transmitting of the end-to-end signaling flow is suspended until the transmitting of the tunnel signaling flow is completed.

Abstract: Systems and methods for distributed computing between communication devices. A femto node is treated as a trusted extension of a user equipment and performs processing tasks on behalf of the user equipment. The femto node is also treated as a trusted extension of network servers and performs services on behalf of the network servers. Tasks are thus distributed between the network servers, the femto node and one or more user equipments. The tasks include processing data, filtering incoming messages, and caching network service information.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for mobile user identification and tracking for load balancing in packet processing systems. Packet processing systems, such as network tool optimizer (NTO) systems, are configured to receive packets associated with multiple mobile users, to extract user identification information from the packets, to store identity binding information for the mobile users, to track changes in identification information for mobile users within a communication system by analyzing control information within packets for the communication system, and to forward packets to one or more tool ports associated with the packet processing system. The packet processing systems disclosed thereby allow for user packets to be identified and sent to the same load-balanced network tool, even though the user identification information changes over time within the communication system.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a feature extraction apparatus, and a network traffic identification method, apparatus, and system. An unidentified data stream sent by a traffic identification apparatus is received, and behavior features of the unidentified data stream are extracted to obtain a traffic behavior feature of the unidentified data stream; the traffic behavior feature is sent to the traffic identification apparatus, so that the traffic identification apparatus identifies the unidentified data stream according to the traffic behavior feature. Therefore, the behavior feature extraction efficiency is high, and the identification ratio of data streams in the existing network is improved.

Abstract: A method and control nodes for controlling load-based handover in a mobile telecommunications network is proposed and at least one logical control node for controlling resources in said cell and at least one logical service node for controlling quality of service, wherein said logical service node comprises terminal instruction means for instructing a mobile terminal communicating with said at least first base station to perform a handover, comprising the steps of—determining, in the CRNC, if the load in the cell exceeds a first threshold,—selecting, in the CRNC, a mobile terminal that should be moved to another carrier if the load in the cell exceeds the first threshold, and—instructing, from the CRNC, the SRNC to instruct the at least one mobile terminal to perform a handover.

Abstract: In one embodiment, techniques are shown and described relating to a mixed centralized/distributed algorithm for risk mitigation in sparsely connected networks. In particular, in one embodiment, a management node determines one or more weak point nodes in a shared-media communication network, where a weak point node is a node traversed by a relatively high amount of traffic as compared to other nodes in the network. In response to determining that a portion of the traffic can be routed over an alternate acceptable node, the management node instructs the portion of traffic to reroute over the alternate acceptable node.

Abstract: Interference costs on virtual radio interfaces can be modeled as a function of loading in a wireless network to estimate changes in spectral efficiency and/or resource availability that would result from a provisioning decision. In one example, this modeling is achieved through cost functions that are developed from historical and/or simulated resource cost data corresponding to the wireless network. The cost data may include interference data, spectral efficiency data, and/or loading data for various links over a common period of time (e.g., a month, a year, etc.), and may be analyzed and/or consolidated to obtain correlations between interference costs and loading on the various links in the network. As an example, a cost function may specify an interference cost on one virtual link as a function of loading on one or more neighboring virtual links.

Abstract: Methods, system and apparatus for determining shortest path bridging (SPB) within a communications network.

Abstract: A system and method for propagating fault information in an Ethernet OAM network having multiple levels of OAM domains. An Alarm Indication and Suppression (AIS) frame is generated by a Maintenance Intermediate Point (MIP) node upon detecting a fault condition in a first OAM domain, which is transmitted to one or more Maintenance End Points (MEPs) of the first OAM domain. Upon receiving the AIS frames, the MEP nodes are operable generate another AIS frame for propagating to an adjacent higher level second OAM domain. Responsive to the AIS frame from the lower level first OAM domain, any alarms caused in the second OAM domain due to the fault condition in the first OAM domain are suppressed.

Abstract: A technique for determining a correlation among events occurring in one or more network elements is provided. The correlation among the events results from a propagation of a root event through communication entities of the one or more network elements. In a method implementation the technique comprises the step of receiving a plurality of event messages from one or more network elements, wherein an event message pertaining to an event reported by a particular network element signals an occurrence context, the occurrence context comprising one or more context identifiers describing an internal communication state of the communication entity in which the event occurred at the time when the event occurred. In another step, a set of correlated events linked by identical context identifiers is determined. Based on the set of correlated events, the root event may be identified.

Abstract: A method for use in a cellular access system is disclosed. The system comprises at least one Radio Base Station (RBS) and a User Equipment (UE), which can send and receive data blocks to and from each other, comprising sequence numbers. The method, performed by a reporting party, comprises sending a transmission comprising a report to the report receiving party, said report comprising information on whether or not data blocks have been received successfully. The method further comprises sending said report together with data to the report receiving party or to another party. The method further comprises attaching addresses for a recipient of the data blocks and for the report in the transmission. The method further comprises deciding the contents of the report using at least one of a list of priority rules which have been given an internal priority ranking.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices are described for dynamically adjusting a ZeroCorrelationZoneConfig (Ncs) parameter of a base station. An initial Ncs parameter is set for the base station. A determination is made as to whether a count of timing synchronization failures between a mobile device and the base station exceeds a threshold. A determination is also made as to whether the timing synchronization failures correspond to a predetermined range of timing advanced (TA) estimated values. Upon determining that the count of timing synchronization failures exceeds the threshold and that the failures correspond to the predetermined range of TA estimated values, the initial Ncs parameter is dynamically adjusted.

Abstract: A method of providing aggregated MAC protocol data unit (AMPDU) duration control in a wireless communication device includes setting an AMPDU duration. Pass/fail statistics are collected for each MPDU of an AMPDU in a time window, W. A packet error rate (PER) difference is calculated between first and last sets of MPDUs for each AMPDU in the window. An average PER difference is calculated across all AMPDUs in the window. When the average PER difference is greater than a first threshold, then the AMPDU duration is decreased. When the difference is less than a second threshold, then the AMPDU duration is increased. When the difference is within the first and the second thresholds, then the method returns to the step of collecting for a next time window. The AMPDU duration can also be adjusted based on detected Doppler and line-of-sight transmissions.

Abstract: A method of performing dual-mode rate control for an access point in a wireless communication system includes a single-user mode of operation and a multi-user mode of operation. In the single-user mode, a basic rate for a station is determined based on channel conditions. In the multi-user mode, a rate for a plurality of stations is determined using tracking. The tracking includes performing a sounding for the plurality of stations. An initial multi-user current rate is then set equal to a function of a number of users and the basic rate. A transmission is sent to the plurality of stations using the current rate. A packet error rate (PER) is detected during transmission to the plurality of stations. The current rate is adjusted based on the PER. After rate adjustment, either sounding is triggered or the method returns to sending a transmission using the current rate.

Abstract: Techniques are described herein for prioritizing higher priority data packets by reserving sequence numbers for assignment to higher priority data packets received after lower priority data packets are assigned sequence numbers. Higher priority data packets may also be prioritized by estimating an amount of data that can be sent in a single uplink allocation, limiting the amount of data packet data sent during a designated uplink allocation to the estimated amount of data, and encrypting high priority data packet(s) received previous to the designated uplink allocation. Higher priority data packets may also be prioritized by encrypting and placing high priority data packet(s) received in a queue, and subsequently re-encrypting any unsent lower priority data packets that were encrypted in the queue before the high priority data packet(s) were received.

Abstract: A first radio network node (110) and a method therein for measuring interference as well as a second radio network node (120) and a method therein for enabling the first radio network node to measure interference are disclosed. The first radio network node (110) obtains (201) configuration information for indicating a designated subframe in which a reference signal for measurement of the interference is to be transmitted by the second radio network node (120). The second radio network node (120) obtains (202) configuration information for configuring a designed subframe for transmission of a reference signal. The first radio network node (110) receives (205), in the designated subframe indicated by the configuration information, the reference signal transmitted by the second radio network node (120). The first radio network node (110) determines (206) a value of the interference based on the reference signal.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a targeted node in a computer network receives a probe generation request (PGR), and in response, generates a link-local multicast PGR (PGR-Local) carrying instructions for generating probes based on the PGR. The targeted node then transmits the PGR-Local to neighbors of the targeted node to cause one or more of the neighbors to generate and transmit probes to a collection device in the computer network according to the PGR-Local instructions. In another embodiment, a particular node in a computer network receives a link-local multicast probe generation request (PGR-Local) from a targeted node in the computer network, the targeted node having received the PGR-Local from a remote device, and determines how to generate probes based on instructions carried within the PGR-Local before sending one or more probes to a collection device in the computer network according to the PGR-Local instructions.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure describe devices, methods, computer-readable media, and systems configurations for configuration of downlink coordinated multipoint (CoMP) communications in a wireless communication network. A user equipment (UE) may receive, from an evolved Node B (eNB), a radio resource control (RRC) transmission including channel state informations (CSI) reference signal (RS) parameters for a plurality of transmission points. The UE may subsequently receive a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) including a plurality of index bits corresponding to one or more activated transmission points of the plurality of transmission points for which the feedback module is to generate CSI-RS feedback. The eNB may dynamically update the transmission points that are activated for CSI-RS feedback. The UE may receive another MAC CE from the eNB to notify the UE of the updated set of activated transmission points.

Abstract: A mobile communication method according to the present invention includes: a step in which a core network device CN transmits a predetermined notification signal to a radio base station eNB when mobile stations UE#1/UE#2 are connected to a cell under a dominant of the identical radio base station eNB; a step in which the radio base station eNB transmits a request signal to the mobile stations UE#1/UE#2 to measure radio communication quality between the mobile stations UE#1/UE#2 in response to the predetermined notification signal; a step in which the mobile stations UE#1/UE#2 transmit RS#1/RS#2 to the mobile stations UE#2/UE#1 in response to the request signal; a step in which the mobile station UE#1 transmits a measurement result of the RS#2 to the radio base station eNB; and a step in which the mobile station UE#2 transmits a measurement result of the RS#1 to the radio base station eNB.

Abstract: The present disclosure presents a method and an apparatus of triggering an inter cell interference coordination (ICIC) mechanism in a wireless network. For example, the disclosure presents a method for identifying a pilot pollution metric and determining when a pilot pollution condition based at least on the pilot pollution metric is satisfied. In addition, such as an example method may include triggering an ICIC mechanism when the pilot pollution condition is satisfied. As such, triggering an ICIC mechanism in a wireless network may be achieved.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and method for providing a user with supplemental content based on the user's preferences and location. The disclosure provides a computer program that allows users to discover and organize content from a platform that is accessible from a mobile device or computer. Additionally, the disclosure provides a system for determining a user's location while indoors. The system can associate the user's location with specific content or items in a store and provide the user with supplemental content related to those items.

Abstract: A mobile terminal which can be connected to a plurality of base stations with different mobile communication systems, includes a handover determination section that determines a handover execution between cells provided by the plurality of base stations, a transmission rate control section that changes a transmission rate before a handover when the handover execution is determined, and a report creation section that creates a measurement report including information regarding the handover after the transmission rate is changed, and transmits the measurement report to a base station of a cell to which the mobile terminal is currently connected.

Abstract: The present invention concerns power allocation for a multi-carrier system encompassing multiple interfering links. Hence, in embodiments of the present invention the powers used on the different spectrum resources/bands/subcarriers are adjusted such that each user meets a target sum-rate, i.e. the sum of the rates over the available channels on one or more links (carriers). In this way, a power and rate control is achieved that incorporates the aspect of multiple bands and/or subcarriers.

Abstract: A method of handling an interference measurement for a communication device in a time-division duplexing (TDD) system comprises receiving a signal; measuring an interference coming from at least one cell with at least one uplink/downlink (UL/DL) configuration in the TDD system in a subframe according to the signal, to obtain a measured interference; and generating a measurement result comprising the measured interference and information of the at least one UL/DL configuration of the at least one cell.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a control apparatus includes a terminal information collecting unit, an area determining unit, a parameter calculator, and a parameter setting unit. The terminal information collecting unit calculates an SINR based on reception powers and physical cell IDs. The area determining unit determines a low-throughput area in reference to at least one of the SINRs and reception powers. The parameter calculator selects a base station that causes the low-throughput area and calculates an operation frequency and transmission power of the selected base station. The parameter setting unit sets the calculated operation frequency and transmission power with respect to the selected base station.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a test apparatus and method for testing IP-based mobile communications terminals. The test apparatus comprises a first communications interface via which the test apparatus can be connected to the Internet, a second communications interface via which the test apparatus can be connected to an IP-based mobile communications terminal under test, and a test unit, which is designed to test IP-based applications provided in a mobile communications terminal under test that is connected to the Internet via the first and second communications interfaces.

Abstract: Aircrafts flying near Earth or naval vessels are used as active scattering platforms in a multipath communications channel in MIMO communications systems. These man-made platforms in a communications channel, with techniques of beam forming and wavefront multiplexing in both transmitters at source and receivers at destinations enhance the ability to coherently combine the power of the communication signals, and improve the signal-to-noise ratio in addition to the MIMO advantage of multiple times of channel capacity over a finite bandwidth via frequency reuse. These platforms may be stationary, mobile ground based, or ocean surface based. They may also be airborne, or space borne. A swarm of 10's micro-UAV based mini-transponders is an example through active scattering of these micro-UAV to generate 10× more available bandwidth between a base station and ground mobile users over same bandwidth.