Abstract: Rotation speed control apparatus including an electronically controllable throttle valve capable of changing an intake air quantity, a variable compression ratio mechanism capable of changing a mechanical compression ratio, and an ECU configured to calculate a deviation between a target idle rotation speed and an actual rotation speed during idle operation, select either one or both of the intake air quantity and the mechanical compression ratio as control targets in accordance with magnitude of the deviation, and reduce the deviation by changing the selected either one or both of the intake air quantity and the mechanical compression ratio.

Abstract: In a fuel injection controller, a first throttle opening TH0 is defined at a specific time P2. The P2 is a specific time later than the peak value of an intake pipe internal pressure PB of a previous cycle. In the cycle, P3 is a specific time that is set immediately before the calculation of the injection time. A second throttle opening TH2 is defined at P3. The fuel injection controller corrects a fuel injection amount based on variation in correction time ta0 at the first throttle opening TH0 to correction time ta1 at the second throttle opening TH1. The time P2 is later than time P1, which is the peak value of the intake pipe internal pressure of the previous cycle. Accordingly, the fuel injection amount correction is completely unaffected or only slightly affected by the intake pipe internal pressure, thus ensuring close-to-ideal correction.

Abstract: In an ignition device of an internal combustion engine which carries out ignition of an air-fuel mixture by repeatedly applying a voltage across electrodes of an ignition plug thereby producing a plurality of discharges, an improvement is proposed in which in the presence of gas flow of which direction is perpendicular to a direction that connects the electrodes with a shortest distance, a time interval between n-th time discharge and (n?1)-th time discharge is so set that a discharge channel caused or proposed by the n-th time discharge is more extended in the gas flow direction than a discharge channel caused by the (n?1)-th time discharge.

Abstract: Embodiments for diagnosing a humidity sensor are provided. One example method comprises, responsive to a humidity sensor test cycle, pumping air conditioning and windshield washer gas flows past a humidity sensor, and indicating humidity sensor degradation based on a response of the humidity sensor to the air conditioning and windshield washer gas flows. In this way, degradation of the humidity sensor may be indicated if the humidity sensed by the humidity sensor does not change responsive to the humidity sensor test cycle being initiated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for dispensing a liquid additive into a fuel circulation circuit (2) for an internal combustion engine, in particular for an engine equipping a vehicle, said device comprising: a tank (26) containing the additive, an enclosure (24) communicating with the fuel circulation circuit (2) and inside which the tank (26) containing the additive is inserted, means for injecting additive connected to the tank (26) and the fuel circulation circuit (2) and making it possible to dispense the additive in the fuel circulation circuit (2), and control means for controlling the injection means.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for injecting gaseous fuel into a compression ignition engine are disclosed. A gaseous fuel injector includes a pintle valve and an intensifier. The pintle valve includes a pintle body defining a pintle bore therethrough, a first sealing surface disposed on a distal end of the pintle body, and a pintle disposed within the pintle bore. The pintle includes a shaft, a radially flared portion, and a second sealing surface disposed on a proximal face of the radially flared portion, such that the first sealing surface faces the second sealing surface. The intensifier includes an intensifier body defining a fuel pump chamber therein, the fuel pump chamber being fluidly coupled to a gaseous fuel supply and the pintle bore, a plunger having a distal end disposed in the fuel pump chamber, and an intensifier piston disposed on a proximal end of the plunger.

Abstract: A method and apparatus pump fuel to a fuel injection system in an internal combustion engine. The method comprises steps of pumping a liquid fuel to a first pressure, using the liquid fuel at the first pressure as a hydraulic fluid for driving a gaseous fuel pump, and pumping a gaseous fuel to a second pressure with the gaseous fuel pump.

Abstract: An electronic controller for a common rail fuel system detects a fault when a time sum accumulated error exceeds a threshold. The time sum accumulated error is left unchanged when the operating condition is transient, and either adds to or subtracts from the time sum accumulated error responsive to a rail pressure error and the operating condition being steady state.

Abstract: Methods and systems for detecting leakage of a liquid fuel into a gas fuel rail of a dual-fuel system for an internal combustion engine are disclosed. The methods and systems include sending an injection signal from a controller to a fuel injector and subsequently injecting gas fuel and liquid fuel into a cylinder for combustion. A pressure in the gas rail detects the pressure in the gas rail over a pre-determined time period after the injection event. A controller measures pressure fluctuations in the gas rail over a pre-determined time period after the injection event. If the pressure in the gas rail fluctuates by more than the pre-determined amount, the controller is programmed to take at least one mitigating action to prevent or limit damage to the engine.

Abstract: A fuel injection controller includes an increase control portion applying the boost voltage to the coil to increase a coil current to a first target value, and a constant current control portion applying a voltage to the coil to hold the coil current to a second target value. A threshold is an energization time period that is necessary to reach a boundary point between a seat throttle area of a property line and an injection-port throttle area of the property line from an energization start time point. An initial-current applied time period is from the energization start time point that the boost voltage starts to be applied to the coil to a time point that the coil current is decreased to the second target value. The increase control portion controls the coil current such that the initial-current applied time period is less than the threshold.

Abstract: A variable compression ratio device may include a piston assembly having double pistons of which the volume may be varied, a lifter relatively moving one piston of the double pistons with respect to the other piston of the double pistons, a guide unit engaged with the piston assembly and guiding a movement of the one piston with respect to the other piston, and a locking unit selectively coupling the one piston to the other piston.

Abstract: Disclosed is a variable compression ratio control system configured to change a top dead center of a piston in an engine according to an operation state of the engine. The control system may include a motor provided as a power source, a control shaft coupled to the piston, wherein the control shaft changes the top dead center of the piston by a rotation of the control shaft, a driving shaft connected to the motor and to be rotated by the motor, an operation unit movable in a shaft direction of the driving shaft by a rotation of the driving shaft, and an operation link protruding from one portion of an exterior circumferential surface of the control shaft, wherein the operation unit is connected with the operation link so that the operation link rotates the control shaft while the operation unit moves in the shaft direction of the driving shaft.

Abstract: A structure of an engine includes: a crankshaft module configured to convert reciprocal motion of a piston into rotational motion; and a first balance shaft module and a second balance shaft module configured to reduce vibration of the engine, in which the first balance shaft module is directly gear-meshed with the crankshaft module, and the second balance shaft module is gear-meshed with the crankshaft module through an intermediate gear.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rotary disk valve arrangement having a crankcase for accommodating a crankshaft, wherein the crankcase has an inlet opening for fresh air and at least two rotary disk valves for regulating an ingress of fresh air into the crankcase, wherein the at least two rotary disk valves have in each case one axis of rotation and are mounted so as to be rotatable relative to one another for the purpose of at least partially opening up and closing off the inlet opening, and wherein the at least two rotary disk valves are arranged on the crankcase at a coupling surface of the crankcase. The coupling surface has at least one further inlet opening, and the at least two rotary disk valves comprise in each case at least two rotary valve openings for the purpose of at least partially opening up the at least two inlet openings.

Abstract: An auxiliary fuel tank for portable self-priming floating pumps is configured to float independently of the pump while being retained therewith. The tank features an annular shape having a central opening that is sized to accommodate receipt of the pump, whereby the tank fits around the pump so as to move therewith over the body of water in which the pump is deployed.

Abstract: A rocking journal bearing for a two-stroke cycle engine includes a bearing sleeve having a bearing surface with a plurality of axially-spaced, eccentrically-disposed surface segments and a rocking journal having a plurality of axially-spaced, eccentrically-disposed journal segments. The rocking journal is retained for rocking oscillation on the bearing surface. Space for receiving oil is provided in the rocking journal and oil delivery outlets acting through the journal segments deliver received oil to the bearing surfaces.

Abstract: An assembly for controlling air flow to an engine includes a first supercharger(20) and a second supercharger (22). The superchargers are arranged in parallel with one another and in series with the throttle (70) in the air flow to the engine cylinders, and are configured to be operatively connectable with the engine upstream in the air flow to the cylinders. The assembly includes a load device (38) selectively connectable to the first supercharger (20) and selectively alternately operable to provide energy to or receive energy from the first supercharger. The superchargers are configured to be separately selectively operatively connectable with the throttle and the crankshaft to enable different modes of operation.

Abstract: A mixing chamber for mixing exhaust gas with intake air, in an engine is provided. The mixing chamber includes a first end, a second end and a side wall. The mixing chamber includes an intake air inlet in fluid communication with the first end of the mixing chamber, an exhaust gas inlet arranged in the side wall of the mixing chamber, located downstream of the intake air inlet and having a leading flow edge corresponding to an intersection of the intake air inlet and the exhaust gas inlet, and a mixing projection located on an inner periphery of the side wall. The mixing projection extends at least partially across the mixing chamber, wherein the mixing projection has a deflection surface and a trailing edge which is at least partially aligned with the leading flow edge of the exhaust gas inlet.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation system includes an engine defining first and second combustion chambers, wherein a fuel is combustible to produce a combustion gas. The system includes an intake manifold disposed in fluid communication with the first and second chambers, an exhaust manifold disposed in fluid communication with the second chamber, and an exhaust gas recirculation conduit disposed in fluid communication with the first chamber and configured for directing the gas from only the first chamber to the intake manifold. The system includes a bypass valve transitionable between a first position wherein the conduit is disposed in fluid communication with the exhaust manifold such that the gas flows from the first chamber to the exhaust manifold, and a second position wherein the conduit is not disposed in fluid communication with the exhaust manifold such that the gas does not flow from the first chamber to the exhaust manifold.

Abstract: An apparatus for improving exhaust gas recirculation performance is provided which induces improved exhaust gas recirculation flow during engine operating transients, including transients in which exhaust gas flow conditions are unfavorable. The apparatus includes a fresh air intake passage with a venturi section and an exhaust gas recirculation passage outlet, preferably in the form of a pitot tube, arranged in the fresh air intake passage adjacent to the venturi section such that a pressure-reducing flow in the fresh air is induced as a result of the Coand{hacek over (a)} effect. Establishing Coand{hacek over (a)} flow adjacent to the exhaust gas recirculation outlet substantially assists in drawing exhaust gas into the fresh air intake flow in transient operating conditions, including unfavorable exhaust-to-intake pressure difference conditions.

Abstract: An engine includes an engine block that defines a drain-back passage and a Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) passage. The drain-back passage and the PCV passage are disposed in fluid communication with each other. A cylinder head is attached to the engine block. The cylinder head defines an oil return passage. The oil return passage is disposed in fluid communication with both the drain-back passage and the PCV passage. A head gasket is disposed between the engine block and the cylinder head, and includes a shelf that extends at least partially over the PCV passage to prevent liquids draining through the oil return passage into the drain-back passage, from entering the PCV passage, while allowing gasses flowing through the oil return passage to enter the PCV passage.

Abstract: A corona discharge (24) ignition includes an electrode (38) emitting a radio frequency electric field and providing a corona discharge (24) to ignite a combustible mixture. The system includes a controlled high voltage energy supply (52) providing energy to a main energy storage (28) at a first main voltage. A fixed high voltage energy supply (54) provides extra energy to an extra energy storage (26) at a second extra voltage, which is greater than the first main voltage. While the corona discharge (24) is being provided, the energy of the main energy storage (28), but not the extra energy storage (26), is provided to the electrode (38). When the corona discharge (24) switches to arc discharge, the extra energy of the extra energy storage (26) is provided to the corona igniter (22) to enhance the arc discharge and provide reliable ignition until the corona discharge (24) is restored.

Abstract: A spark-ignition engine capable of reducing the content of hydrocarbon in exhaust gas is provided. When viewed from a direction parallel to a cylinder center axis, given a central virtual line passing a squish area maximum-width section and the center of a combustion chamber recessed section, and one area a and the other area b divided by the central virtual line, an intake valve port or an exhaust valve port is opened in one area of any opposed section of opposed sections of the combustion chamber recessed section. A spark-plug attachment hole is formed in the other area of the opposed section, such that, when viewed from the direction parallel to the cylinder center axis, a spark discharge section at a tip of a spark plug does not overlap the central virtual line.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for adjusting an anticipatory controller of an exhaust gas sensor coupled in an engine exhaust. In one embodiment, the method comprises adjusting fuel injection responsive to exhaust oxygen feedback from the anticipatory controller of the exhaust gas sensor and adjusting one or more parameters of the anticipatory controller responsive to a type of oxygen sensor degradation. In this way, the anticipatory controller may be adapted based on the type and magnitude of the degradation behavior to increase performance of the air-fuel control system.

Abstract: Embodiments for testing a humidity sensor are provided. One example method comprises indicating degradation of a humidity sensor based on a humidity sensor output and output from an intake gas composition sensor. In this way, output from the intake gas composition sensor may be used to determine if the humidity sensor is degraded.

Abstract: Embodiments for diagnosing a humidity sensor are provided. One example method comprises adjusting an engine operating parameter based on humidity of a first gas flow measured by a humidity sensor, and indicating degradation of the humidity sensor if a humidity of a second gas flow measured by the humidity sensor is different than an expected humidity. In this way, degradation of the humidity sensor may be indicated if the humidity of the second gas flow measured by the humidity sensor is different than expected.

Abstract: The scavenging passage includes a wall surface that defines an orientation direction of a main scavenging gas flow spouting from the scavenging port to the cylinder chamber. In a boundary portion between the scavenging port and the scavenging passage, a wall surface located on an opposite side of the exhaust port is composed of an inclined surface inclined in a direction further away from the exhaust port than a wall surface of a deep portion of the scavenging passage. The scavenging port includes a rear wall surface located in a portion on the opposite side of the exhaust port. The rear wall surface continues to the inclined surface to extend in the direction away from the exhaust port and generates an incidental scavenging gas flow incidental to the main scavenging gas flow and higher in speed than the main scavenging gas flow.

Abstract: A hybrid compound bow slingshot. The device utilizes a riser, bow limbs and string that are positioned in a plane perpendicular to the device handle such that the riser, bow limbs and string are horizontally disposed relative to the ground when in use. The handle may be hinged, and is hinged in the same plane as the riser, bow limbs and string. The device may include an arm brace that is offset to the vertical centerline of the handle, and the arm brace may be adjusted for left-handed or right-handed shooters. The device may be used with arrows, and may be configured to utilize shot with an ammo receiver positioned in the string.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pneumatic gun capable of coating the bullets projected from it with a desired color for identification purpose. The pneumatic gun includes a gun body, a trigger, a gun barrel, a gas tank and a dye coating device. The dye coating device is mounted within the gun barrel, so that a bullet projected from the pneumatic gun is coated with dye having a desired color when passing through the dye coating device. As a result, the object hit by the bullet is stained with the color and can be easily identified.

Abstract: A stone saw for sawing rod-like drilling samples. The stone saw comprises a circular blade rotated by means of a rotation axle. A sample is fed against the blade and flushing fluid is sprayed on a sawing site. The stone saw further comprises collection means for collecting sawing sludge formed during sawing.

Abstract: A stone saw for sawing drilling samples. The stone saw includes a rotation axle provided with an axial flushing channel. On the rotation axle a circular blade is arranged. On at least one side of the circular blade is a blade flange, which includes several spray openings that are connected to the flushing channel of the rotation axle. Flushing fluid may then be sprayed on a sawing site.

Abstract: A combination manual tile cutter and a method of using the same. A manual tile cutter has an elongated cutting device mounted on a central support base and a pair of side supports pivotally connected on opposite sides of the central support base. The side supports are configured for pivotal movement between a first, open position to provide a generally planar support surface to support a work piece and a second, closed position disposed upwardly from the support base and configured to generally enclose the manual tile cutter in a polygonal (e.g., triangular) configuration. In the closed position, mutually adjacent portions of the side supports are configured to provide a hand grip to facilitate carrying of the manual tile cutter.

Abstract: A simple grill comprised of a body made from a circular section of seamless metal. The grill consists of an open top and an open bottom, with the grill used by placing vertically on a surface with the open bottom in contact with the surface. A support structure is welded proximate to the open top to support a sub-component, typically comprising a gridiron. Fuel placed though an opening in the side of the body in contact with the surface burns to provide heat for cooking. Two handles welded to the outer side of the body facilitate removing the grill after use, with the ash residue left in place.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for burning biomass fuel sources, such as a fire pit for burning wood pellets. A fire pit of the present invention may include a burning chamber having a floor and an opening at the top, and a secondary chamber having a bottom, at least one air intake, and at least one air escape. The secondary chamber may be heated by the burning chamber. The at least one air intake may be located near the bottom of the secondary chamber, while the at least one air escape may be located near the top of the burning chamber. In addition, the primary chamber opening may guide flames out of the burning chamber. The secondary chamber may also include a roof, which may overhang said burning chamber.

Abstract: In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, a heating device is presented. The heating device includes a pyrocatalytic, non-stick coating disposed on at least one surface. The pyrocatalytic non-stick coating includes (i) a binder derived from a silane, a polysiloxane, a polysilazane, or combinations thereof; and (ii) a catalyst dispersed within the binder, wherein the catalyst comprises a pervoskite crystalline material, a pyrochlore crystalline material, a spinel crystalline material, an ilmenite crystalline material, or combinations hereof.

Abstract: An exhaust device for convection or combi ovens captures exhaust from opening side-opening oven doors with minimal energy waste.

Abstract: The oven having combustion function includes a cooking cavity; a heating means for emitting heat; a combustion tube for surrounding the heating means, and the combustion tube also being in fluid communication with the cooking cavity and a flow supply unit; a combustion space wherein odor-producing materials are removed by the heat from the heating means, the combustion space formed between the heating means and the combustion tube; a flow supply unit connected to the combustion tube for developing a flow of air through the combustion space; and a connection tube for connecting the flow supply unit to the combustion tube. The odor-producing materials are pyrolyzed by staying at least 0.5 seconds in the combustion space heated over 700° C.

Abstract: A heating assembly is provided to reduce the pre-heat time of an oven. The heating assembly vaporizes a phase change fluid in an evaporator, allows the phase change fluid vapor to travel to a reactor in thermal communication with a cooking chamber of an oven appliance. In the reactor, the phase change fluid combines with a reaction substance and condenses, releasing latent heat and providing heat to the cooking chamber of the oven appliance.

Abstract: An appliance is provided having one or more racks or shelves the position of which may be adjusted vertically. Multiple different positions along the vertical direction can be made available for selection by a user of the appliance. The rack can also be supported from multiple locations to increase its load capacity.

Abstract: A multi-ring gas burner for a cooktop appliance is provided. The multi-ring gas burner includes an inner burner ring, an outer burner ring, and a carryover slot that extends between about the inner burner ring and about the outer burner ring. A pair of restrictors defines a Venturi throttle therebetween. The Venturi throttle can assist with regulating a flow of gaseous fuel out of the carryover slot.

Abstract: Solutions for leveling the surface of cookware are disclosed. In one embodiment, at least one detachable adjustable leg makes contact with the stove surface to tilt the cooking surface to make it level. The pressure on the stove surface can be increased or decreased, thereby increasing the tilt until the cooking surface is level. In another embodiment, at least one detachable adjustable leg is weighted at one end and the weighted end extends outward to make the cooking surface level. In yet another embodiment, the cookware comes with at least one adjustable leg permanently attached. In all cases, multiple adjustable legs can be used to increase the stability and accuracy. In another embodiment, adjustable legs protrude from the top or bottom surface of a grate that typically covers a flame on gas stove surface. In another embodiment, shims are placed underneath a grate to change the tilt of the top surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of solar energy usage and, particularly, to solar systems, which operate on the base of concentration of direct solar radiation. The invention proposes a radiation absorbing metal pipe intended for heating gaseous medium or gaseous-liquid mixture. The proposed radiation absorbing metal pipe is constructed from perforated plates. These plates are provided with inclined or two-stage upright rims. The plates are stacked and sealingly joined with formation of a tubular unit. Such tubular units with absorbing coatings of their external surfaces can be applied in following solar thermal systems: parabolic trough collectors; solar thermal collectors with usage of linear Fresnel reflectors; for a system with an array of tracking mirrors and a central receiver mounted on a tower or on the ground.

Abstract: Adherence to flux or resultant measurable parameter limits, ranges, or patterns can be achieved by directing heliostat mounted mirrors to focus on aiming points designated on the surface of a solar receiver. Different heliostats can be directed to different aiming points, and a heliostat can be directed to different aiming points at different times. The cumulative flux distribution resulting from directing a plurality of heliostats to any aiming point on a receiver surface can be predicted by using statistical methods to calculate the expected beam projection for each individual heliostat or alternatively for a group of heliostats. Control of the heliostats in a solar power system can include designating aiming points on a receiver from time to time and assigning heliostats to aiming points from time to time in accordance with an optimization goal.

Abstract: A chain driven diffuser for use in a sugar extraction process, the diffuser including a diffuser floor, a plurality of chain ladder assemblies being displaceable relative to the diffuser floor, with each chain Id-der assembly comprising two opposing chains being driven by drive sprockets characterized in that at least some of the drive sprockets of the diffuser are driven independently from some of the other drive sprockets of the diffusor.

Abstract: A tracheal tube assembly includes an outer cannula configured to be positioned in a patient airway and an inner cannula configured to be disposed inside the outer cannula. The tracheal tube assembly further includes a flange member secured about the outer cannula, and an outer cannula connector coupled to a proximal end of the outer cannula. The outer cannula connector includes a compressible portion may be compressed while inserting or removing the inner cannula.

Abstract: Intubation devices and method of intubation are provided for a medical provider to firmly hold an intubation stylet with the middle, the ring, and the little finger of one hand, point the tips of the intubation stylet and an endotracheal tube towards the opening of the trachea, and then advance the endotracheal tube over the stylet into the trachea with the index finger and the thumb of the same hand without an assistant to hold the stylet, while the user can use another hand to hold a laryngoscope to perform laryngoscopy to visualize the vocal cords during endotracheal intubation. The intubation device comprises a handle, a stylet holder, and an arm which is connected to both the stylet holder and the handle. The intubation device further includes a tube support, and a tube holder to further support the endotracheal tube.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a snorkel includes a conduit having a first end and a second end, a mouthpiece joined to the conduit second end, an arm adjacent the conduit first end and connected to a seal, wherein the seal is configured to pivot with respect to the conduit from a first position where the seal does not obstruct an opening in the first end of the conduit, to a second position, where the seal covers the opening in the first end of the conduit, and a float configured to control movement of the arm, wherein the float and conduit are configured so that movement of the float is guided along the length of the conduit and submerging the float causes the float to move along the conduit toward the first end of the conduit, which pivots the arm from the first position to the second position.

Abstract: A protective hood with air-purifying filter cartridge for safe escape from a hazardous atmosphere has a system for quickly donning the hood. A fabric strap attached to the rear of the hood has the strap lengths extending forward through circular rings near the chin. Optional enlarged ends prevent the strap from pulling rearward from the rings. Hook-and-loop fasteners are on the hood shell and the strap lengths. To deploy, the user simultaneously tugs on both strap ends to tighten the hood on the head then contacts the mating fastener parts to maintain strap tension. The hood is adjusted to optimum position on the head with a single motion. The hood is light weight and the shell is collapsible permitting the hood to fold on itself to extremely small volume for storage in an emergency kit or small personal luggage.

Abstract: The present application includes an independent and redundant measurement of anesthetic concentration, based on acoustic time-of-flight measurements, added to an anesthetic vaporizer. The redundant anesthetic concentration measurement is used to make the vaporizer inherently safe by design and monitor true vaporizer empty. Further, using an acoustic wave splitting technique and the time-of-flight measurements, the flows at the vaporizer inlet and outlet are computed. The flow measurements are used to monitor carrier gas loss, anesthetic consumption, and anesthetic delivery time remaining and provide such information to the vaporizer operator.

Abstract: A temperature-measuring device for a respiratory humidifier (1) with a liquid container (5) is provided, wherein the temperature-measuring device comprises a flow channel (9) for breathing gas and an infrared detector (21), which is directed from the outside toward the flow channel (9) for the contactless detection of the temperature of the breathing gas in the flow channel (9), wherein the flow channel (9) comprises on its lateral surface (13) a measurement portion (15), which is aligned with the surrounding areas of the lateral surface (13) and toward which the infrared detector (21) is directed, wherein the flow channel (9) comprises a flow guide element (17), which conducts the breathing gas stream to the measurement portion (15) at a previously determined inflow angle of preferably greater than 10° and less than 170°.