Abstract: An optical fiber temperature distribution measurement device configured to receive Raman back scattering lights obtained by inputting a pulsed light into an optical fiber and to measure a temperature distribution along a longitudinal direction of the optical fiber is provided. The device includes a first filter device.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an electronic thermometer includes a temperature sensing unit, a conversion unit, an FSK modulation unit, and a transmission unit. The temperature sensing unit detects the temperature of a subject. The conversion unit converts a result detected by the temperature sensing unit to a digital signal. The FSK modulation unit converts the digital signal from the conversion unit to an FSK modulation signal. The transmission unit outputs a transmission signal including a pilot signal having a frequency assigned to the FSK (frequency shift keying) modulation signal and the FSK modulation signal subsequent to the pilot signal.

Abstract: This document discusses, among other things, an apparatus and method for providing temperature information. In an example, an integrated circuit apparatus can include a first resistor configured to be coupled to a first terminal of a temperature-sensitive resistance, a second resistor configured to be coupled to a second terminal of the temperature-sensitive resistance, and a temperature information circuit configured to receive a first voltage from the first terminal of the temperature-sensitive resistance and a second voltage from the second terminal of the temperature-sensitive resistance. The temperature information circuit can provide the temperature information using the first and second voltages.

Abstract: A process temperature transmitter is operable with at least one temperature sensor having a plurality of leads. The temperature transmitter includes measurement circuitry operably coupleable to the at least one temperature sensor to provide an indication of an electrical parameter of the at least one temperature sensor. A controller is coupled to the measurement circuitry to obtain the indication and provide a process temperature output. A current source applies a test current to the plurality of leads simultaneously. Diagnostic circuitry measures a voltage response on each lead in order to provide a diagnostic indication of the temperature sensor.

Abstract: In a temperature sensing circuit, a method for measuring a resistance of a RTD device to sense temperature includes (a) connecting a first terminal of the RTD device to a first current source and connecting a second terminal of the RTD device to a second current source; (b) measuring a first voltage across the RTD device; (c) connecting the second terminal of the RTD device to the first current source and connecting the first terminal of the RTD device to the second current source; (d) measuring a second voltage across the RTD device; and (e) deriving the resistance of the RTD device based on the first voltage measurement and the second voltage measurement. The RTD device may be connected in series with a sense resistor to ground.

Abstract: This invention teaches to the details of an interference suppressing receiver for suppressing intra-cell and inter-cell interference in coded, multiple-access, spread spectrum transmissions that propagate through frequency selective communication channels to a multiplicity of receive antennas. The receiver is designed or adapted through the repeated use of symbol-estimate weighting, subtractive suppression with a stabilizing step-size, and mixed-decision symbol estimates. Receiver embodiments may be designed, adapted, and implemented explicitly in software or programmed hardware, or implicitly in standard RAKE-based hardware either within the RAKE (i.e., at the finger level) or outside the RAKE (i.e., at the user or subchannel symbol level). Embodiments may be employed in user equipment on the forward link or in a base station on the reverse link. It may be adapted to general signal processing applications where a signal is to be extracted from interference.

Abstract: A method for detecting multi-path interference in a spread-spectrum signal. A variation of a first signal and a variation of a second signal is compared. The variation of the first signal corresponds to a correlation of the spread-spectrum signal and a spreading code having a first offset. The variation of the second signal corresponds to a correlation of the spread-spectrum signal and the spreading code having a second offset. Multi-path interference is detected in dependence on the comparison.

Abstract: A method for performing joint detection includes adjusting a ranking order of codes in a matched filtering result, and a ranking order of column vectors in a system submatrix according to the power. The joint detection is performed using an adjusted matched filtering result and an adjusted system submatrix, and acquires demodulated signals corresponding to the codes. The codes that have high power will be demodulated first. This ensures accuracy of demodulation, inhibits erroneous propagation effect, and improves accuracy of the joint detection.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed involving physical-layer network coding (PNC) atoms as building blocks of PNC networks to solve the scheduling problem in PNC networks using a decomposition framework based on PNC atoms. Ten PNC atoms and their straightforward network coding (SNC) counterparts are disclosed. Performance evaluation results are discussed, which indicate that decomposition based on the ten PNC atoms outperforms the traditional multi-hop (non-NC) scheduling by about 100%. Furthermore, decomposition based on the ten PNC atoms can yield performance gain of 40% or more compared with decomposition based on the TWRC atom alone.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a transceiver of digital subscriber line (DSL) which supports a variety of DSL systems, comprising: a transmission circuit for receiving an output signal and generating a first DSL transmission signal or a second DSL transmission signal according to the output signal under the control of a transmission selection parameter; a hybrid circuit for generating a line transmission signal according to the first or second DSL transmission signal and generating a DSL reception signal according to a line reception signal; and a reception circuit for generating a first DSL reception signal or a second DSL reception signal according to the DSL reception signal, and then outputting one of the first and second DSL reception signals as an input signal according to a reception selection parameter.

Abstract: A wireless communications system co-located with an interface apparatus includes a radio subsystem. The radio subsystem includes a transmission circuit arranged for performing a radio transmission, and a reception circuit arranged for performing a radio reception when the interface apparatus operates in a first operational state. The interface apparatus operates in one of a plurality of operational states including the first operational state and a second operational state, and a power consumption of the interface apparatus in the first operational state is lower than a power consumption of the interface apparatus in the second operational state.

Abstract: Described are systems and methods of determining DC offset voltages in IQ modulators. First, two different DC test voltages are selected for one of the inputs to the IQ modulator. Then, a first test voltage is applied to one input to the IQ modulator while test data is generated by measuring outputs from a set of signals applied to the other input to the IQ modulator. Then the second test voltage is applied and another set of test data generated. From the first and second sets of test data, second-order polynomial functions may be constructed and compared to one another to yield a ratio of power value outputs. Then the DC offset voltages may be determined from the ratio of power value outputs.

Abstract: A multipath channel emulation system and method are disclosed. In some aspects, the system and method allow for analog emulation of a multipath MIMO wireless channel. Such multipath channel emulation system is used for testing the ability of wireless communication devices to operate in an airlink channel characterized by multipath. In a particular aspect, an impedance mismatch or discontinuity is provided in an open-ended coaxial cable so as to cause multiple back and forth reflections between an impedance discontinuity and an open coaxial cable stub and, optionally, including a delay element to emulate a multi-cluster multipath environment. A plurality of such stub subsystems may be combined as sub-paths in a multipath channel emulator.

Abstract: An apparatus, method, computer readable medium, and system are provided to generate a symbol placement associated with a transmission scheme by transforming a retrieved set of equalization coefficients. Symbols included in the symbol placement may be analyzed and quantified in terms of their distance from a decision boundary. Symbols may be synthesized on an iterative basis in order to obtain visibility into the underlying performance of the transmission scheme over time. If equalization is unable to reduce a signal impairment below a threshold value within a predetermined amount of time, then a determination may be made that a non-linear distortion source is present in a network or communication system. Signals received from a plurality of user terminals may be compared with one another in order to determine a probable location or cause of the non-linear distortion.

Abstract: The first and second outputs of a signal generation system are coupled to the first and second inputs of a signal digitizing system via respective electrical conductors. A controller directs the generation system to generate a first calibration signal, and the digitizing system responsively captures a first set of vector samples. The conductors are then reconfigured so they connect the first and second outputs of the generation system respectively to the second and first inputs of the digitization system. The controller then directs the generation system to generate a second calibration signal, and the digitizing system responsively captures a second set of vector samples. The controller or other processing agent computes gain and/or phase impairments using the first and second vector sample sets. Digital filter parameters may be computed based on the computed impairment(s), and used to correct the impairment(s) of the generation system and/or the digitizing system.

Abstract: A system and method for link training of a backplane physical layer device operating in simplex mode. In one embodiment of the present invention, a backplane training system includes a backplane device coupled to a first end of a backplane and at least one retimer device at a second end of the backplane. During a training process, a receiving device is configured to forward a training frame (e.g., DME frame) to a second device for use by a transmitter in the second device.

Abstract: A method of operation of a wireless communication system includes: processing a received signal; calculating filter weights, by a filter weights estimation module, from the received signal; generating a corrected sequence, through a widely linear-single antenna interference cancellation (WL-SAIC) module, by applying the filter weights; calculating a channel estimation concurrently with the corrected sequence; and generating an adjusted data by an output equalizer including applying the channel estimation to the corrected sequence.

Abstract: An information processor has a CIR estimator configured to estimate channel impulse response of an input signal including a channel estimation sequence and a data sequence, based on the channel estimation sequence, an extended CIR calculator configured to calculate extended channel impulse response based on the channel impulse response estimated by the CIR estimator so that an extended CIR element padded with zeros is repeated a plurality of times in the extended channel impulse response, a Fourier transformer configured to convert the data sequence of the input signal into a frequency domain signal to calculate frequency response based on the extended channel impulse response, and an equalizer configured to perform equalization for removing a distortion from a propagation channel, based on the frequency domain signal and the frequency response.

Abstract: A method comprises: detecting a first change of a physical property of a signal; starting a measurement of a duration of a first time interval that begins with the detection of the first change; detecting a second change of the physical property; stopping the measurement of the duration of the first time interval and starting a second measurement of a duration of a second time interval in response to the detection of the second change; detecting a third change of the physical property, and stopping the second measurement in response to detecting the third change; determining a relation of the durations of the first time interval and the second time interval from the first measurement and the second measurement; and determining the received data value based on the determined relation of the durations of the first time interval and the second time interval.

Abstract: Systems and methods are presented for minimizing the suddenness and immediacy of changes to the video quality perceived by users due to bandwidth fluctuations and transitions between different bitrate streams. A method may include identifying an upcoming bitrate change in a bitstream and a nearest scene cut boundary from sync frame scene cut tags included in the bitstream. The method may include calculating whether waiting until the identified nearest scene cut boundary before changing the bitrate will cause the buffer to drop below a threshold. When the buffer is calculated to not drop below the threshold, the method may postpone the upcoming bitrate change until the identified nearest scene cut boundary.

Abstract: An adaptive temporal motion filter for a video decoder system operates in an infinite impulse response (IIR), a max or a bypass mode. The adaptive temporal motion filter includes an adaptive time constant control module and a filter gain module. A gain factor of the filter gain module is varied by the adaptive time constant control module for every pixel in a current composite video signal. The adaptive time constant control module selects a variable gain for the filter gain module based on the motion magnitude, motion polarity and chroma luma status of the pixel.

Abstract: This disclosure describes techniques for performing sample adaptive offset signaling and coding in a video coding process. Techniques of the disclosure include both a merge-based and prediction-based signaling process for sample adaptive offset information (i.e., offset values and offset type). The techniques includes determining offset information for a current partition, comparing the offset information of the current partition with offset information of one or more neighbor partitions, coding a merge instruction in the case that the offset information of one of the one or more neighbor partitions is the same as the offset information of the current partition, and coding one of a plurality of prediction instructions in the case that the offset information of the one or more neighbor partitions is not the same as the offset information of the current partition.

Abstract: The ratio between coding quality on the one hand and coding rate on the other hand is increased. To this end, a global predictor and a local predictor are used in combination. The global predictor derives a global tone-mapping function based on a statistical analysis of pairs of values of co-located samples in the first tone-mapped version and the second version of the picture, and applies the global tone-mapping function onto the first tone-mapped version of the picture. The local predictor locally derives a locally varying tone-mapping function based on a statistical analysis of values of co-located samples in the second version of the picture and the globally predicted reference picture in units of sub-portions into which the globally predicted reference picture and the second version of the picture are partitioned, and applies the locally varying tone-mapping function onto the globally predicted reference picture.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for transmitting multiple video streams to clients based on individual preferences of the clients and network conditions. A cost-function minimization problem is formulated based on various network parameters. The network parameters (e.g., round-trip time (RTT), available bandwidth, packet loss rate, etc.) may be inputs to this optimization problem, which attempts to find optimal resolutions, bitrates, etc., given the network parameters and the video content. Additionally, by incorporating quality prediction, the cost-function may be based on actual content of video sequences.

Abstract: Systems and methods for encoding multiple video streams in accordance with embodiments of the invention are disclosed. In one embodiment, a source encoder configured to encode source video as a number of alternative video streams includes a parallel processing system configured to collect statistics on source video data and write the statistics to shared memory in a first pass through received multimedia content, determine initial encoding information for source video data and write the initial encoding information to shared memory during the first pass, encode the source video data in parallel using collected statistics and initial encoding information to produce a plurality of alternative video streams during a second pass, and parallel encoding processes are configured to reuse additional encoding information that has already been determined for a portion of video and to generate additional encoding information that has not already been determined for a portion of video.

Abstract: Systems and methods for encoding multiple video streams in accordance with embodiments of the invention are disclosed.

Abstract: A method of encoding an image, a method of decoding an image, an image encoding apparatus, and an image decoding apparatus, the method of encoding an image including the operations of determining a scaling factor, determining a quantization parameter (QP) value of a current block, acquiring a predicted QP value of the current block, determining a QP difference value by using the QP value and the predicted QP value, adjusting the QP difference value by extracting the scaling factor from the QP difference value, generating a bitstream including the scaling factor and the adjusted QP difference value, and transmitting the bitstream.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention provides an image coding method, where the coding method includes: performing predictive coding on an image; performing transform coding on the image on which the predictive coding has been performed; performing, by using a quantization matrix, quantization coding on the image on which the transform coding has been performed, where the quantization matrix is a matrix reflecting image quantization step information, the quantization matrix includes an M*N quantization matrix and an N*M quantization matrix, and the N*M quantization matrix is obtained by transposing the M*N quantization matrix; and performing entropy coding on the image on which the quantization coding has been performed, and coding the M*N quantization matrix, so as to generate a code stream. In the present invention, the number of bits required for coding a quantization matrix is effectively saved, thereby improving compression efficiency.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus that includes an inverse scanning unit configured to an inverse scan pattern to the quantized coefficient components to generate a quantized block, an inverse quantization unit configured to generate a quantization parameter and to inverse-quantize the quantized block to generate a transformed block, an inter prediction unit configured to derive motion information and to generate a prediction block, and an adder configured to generate a reconstructed block. The transform unit is larger than a 4×4 block, each of the quantized coefficient components are inversely scanned in the unit of subset to generate multiple subsets, and the multiple subsets are inversely scanned to generate the quantized block. Accordingly, the coding efficiency of the motion information is improved by including various motion vector candidates. Also, the amount of coding bits of the residual block is reduced by applying diagonal scan pattern to each subset.

Abstract: An image coding method comprising: obtaining current signals to be coded of each of the processing units of the image; generating a binary signal by performing binarization on each of the current signals to be coded; selecting a context for each of the current signals to be coded from among a plurality of contexts; performing arithmetic coding of the binary signal by using coded probability information associated with the context selected in the selecting; and updating the coded probability information based on the binary signal, wherein, in the selecting, the context for the current signal to be coded is selected, as a shared context, for a signal which is included in one of a plurality of processing units and has a size different from a size of the processing unit including the current signal to be coded.

Abstract: A first predictive frame is exchanged between an encoder and a decoder. A second predictive frame is exchanged between the encoder and the decoder, where the first predictive frame is encoded using at least some portion of a first reference frame and the second predictive frame is encoded using at least some portion of a second reference frame different from the first reference frame.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method and an apparatus for coding or decoding a matrix, includes: dividing a matrix into layers according to a preset quantity of divided layers, and grouping matrix elements into different layers; performing, according to a determined layer number of a highest layer to be coded and in an order of layers one by one, coding processing on matrix elements at each layer to be coded; for a layer having a layer number less than or equal to the layer number of the highest layer to be coded, writing residual data between an original matrix element value corresponding to the layer and a corresponding matrix element predicted value into a bit stream; for a layer having a layer number greater than the layer number of the highest layer to be coded, writing no coded data of the layer into the bit stream.

Abstract: Provided is an image processing device including a decoding section that, from an encoded stream of a first picture among two or more pictures associated with a common scene, decodes MostProbableMode information for a first prediction unit within the first picture, a first prediction section that conducts intra prediction on the first prediction unit using the MostProbableMode information decoded by the decoding section, and a second prediction section that conducts intra prediction using the MostProbableMode information used by the first prediction section on a second prediction unit corresponding to the first prediction unit within a second picture among the two or more pictures.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an image processing device includes a first motion estimator and a second motion estimator. The first motion estimator is configured to detect a second pixel of a second integer position in a reference frame, the second pixel corresponding to a first pixel of a first integer position in a base frame. The second motion estimator is configured to detect a decimal position from the first integer position in the base frame, the decimal position corresponding to the second pixel, and to output the decimal position and a value of the second pixel.

Abstract: In one example of the disclosure, a method of coding video data comprises coding video data using texture-first coding, and performing an NBDV derivation process for a block of the video data using a plurality of neighboring blocks. The NBDV derivation process comprises designating a motion vector associated with a neighboring block of the plurality of neighboring blocks coded with a block-based view synthesis prediction (BVSP) mode as an available disparity motion.

Abstract: In one example of the disclosure, a method of coding video data comprises coding video data using texture-first coding, and performing an NBDV derivation process for a block of the video data using a plurality of neighboring blocks. The NBDV derivation process comprises designating a motion vector associated with a neighboring block of the plurality of neighboring blocks coded with a block-based view synthesis prediction (BVSP) mode as an available disparity motion.

Abstract: A predicted signal generation unit provided in a video predictive encoding device estimates a zero-th motion vector for derivation of a zero-th predicted signal, selects a zero-th motion vector predictor similar to the zero-th motion vector, and generates zero-th side information containing a zero-th motion vector predictor index to identify the motion vector predictor and a motion vector difference determined from the zero-th motion vector and the zero-th motion vector predictor. The video predictive encoding device selects a motion vector for generation of a first predicted signal having a high correlation with a target region, generates first side information containing a first motion vector predictor index to identify the motion vector as a first motion vector predictor, sets the first motion vector predictor to a first motion vector, and combines the zero-th and first predicted signals to generate a predicted signal of the target region.

Abstract: A proposed intermediate way of handling the renderable portion of the first view results in more efficient coding. Instead of omitting the coding of the renderable portion completely, even more efficient coding of multi-view signals entails merely suppressing the coding of the residual signal within the renderable portion, whereas the prediction parameter coding still takes place from the non-renderable portion of the multi-view signal across the renderable portion so that prediction parameters for the renderable portion may be exploited for predicting parameters for the non-renderable portion. The additional coding rate for transmitting the prediction parameters for the renderable portion may be kept low as this merely aims at forming a continuation of the parameter history across the renderable portion to serve as a basis for prediction parameters of other portions of the multi-view signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for deriving MVP (motion vector predictor) for a block for three-dimensional video coding or multi-view video coding are disclosed. Embodiments according to the present invention replace an unavailable inter-view MV of one neighboring block with a disparity vector derived from depth data of a subset of a depth block corresponding to one neighboring block. A method and apparatus for generating additional candidates for motion vector prediction associated with Merge mode or AMVP (Inter) mode for a block are disclosed. Embodiments according to the present invention generate one or more additional MVP candidates to add to the MVP list if the MVP list size is less than a given list size. The additional MVP candidates are generated either by reducing precision of an available MVP in the MVP list or by adding an offset to the available MVP in the MVP list.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for managing memory, and to a device for decoding video using same. The method includes the marking of motion information stored in a first buffer in response to a memory management control command (MMCO), and the deleting of the motion information from the first buffer or the moving of the motion information to a second buffer in response to the marked information.

Abstract: A method of and a device for determining encoding parameters for encoding, into a bitstream, a portion of an image of a video sequence, the image portion being encoded by motion compensation with respect to at least one reference image portion, the encoding parameters for encoding the image portion including a coding mode and a motion information predictor, wherein the coding mode is selected from among at least a first coding mode and a second coding mode and wherein the motion information predictor is selected from a set of motion information predictors which is the same for at least the first and the second coding modes, the selection of the coding mode and the motion information predictor involving comparing costs of encoding the image portion using the motion information predictors of the set in the two coding modes, the method comprising or the device comprising means for: omitting, for at least one said motion information predictor of the set, computing of such a cost for at least one of said first and

Abstract: An apparatus configured to code video information includes a memory unit and a processor in communication with the memory unit. The memory unit is configured to store video information associated with a reference layer (RL) and an enhancement layer, the RL comprising an RL picture having an output region that includes a portion of the RL picture. The processor is configured to determine whether a condition indicates that information outside of the output region is available to predict a current block in the enhancement layer. The processor may encode or decode the video information.

Abstract: A method for decoding a video bitstream is disclosed. The method comprises: entropy decoding a first portion of a video bitstream, wherein first portion of video bitstream is associated with a video frame, thereby producing a first portion of decoded data; entropy decoding a second portion of video bitstream, wherein second portion of video bitstream is associated with video frame, thereby producing a second portion of decoded data, wherein entropy decoding second portion of video bitstream is independent of entropy decoding first portion of video bitstream; and reconstructing a first portion of video frame associated with video bitstream using first portion of decoded data and second portion of decoded data.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a transmitting apparatus for encoding a bitstream representing a sequence of pictures of a video stream comprising a processor and memory, said memory containing instructions executable by said processor whereby said transmitting apparatus is operative to: send a syntax element, wherein a value of the syntax element is indicative of restrictions that are enforced on the bitstream in a way that guarantees a certain level of parallelism for decoding the bitstream.

Abstract: A high speed video cable carries signals according to the High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI), and includes a raw cable and may include a boost device. The raw cable includes coaxial lines which are covered by an outer metallic braid. Each of four high speed video signals is carried on the inner conductors of a pair of coaxial lines. Lower speed signals are carried on the galvanically or capacitively coupled shields of a pair of coaxial lines, as well as the braid of the cable, thus permitting fourteen HDMI signals to be carried in a cable comprising only eight coaxial lines, resulting in a simpler and lower cost production and assembly of the cable.

Abstract: Method, systems, and apparatus include a communication device configured to receive a data unit in accordance with a power line communications protocol, to extract data within the data unit to provide extracted data, and to process the extracted data in accordance with a non-power line communication protocol. Embodiments also describe a communication device configured to format data according to a non-power line communication protocol as part of a data unit conforming to a power line communication protocol, to redundantly encode the data unit across a plurality of subcarriers in accordance with the second communication protocol, and to transmit the data unit in accordance with the second communication protocol to another communications device.

Abstract: A device for high-speed clock generation may include an injection locking-ring oscillator (ILRO) configured to receive one or more input clock signals and to generate multiple clock signals with different equally spaced phase angles. A phase-interpolator (PI) circuit may be configured to receive the multiple coarse spaced clock signals and to generate an output clock signal having a correct phase angle. The PI circuit may include a smoothing block that may be configured to smooth the multiple clock signals with different phase angles and to generate multiple smooth clock signals. A pulling block may be configured to pull edges of the multiple smooth clock signals closer to one another.

Abstract: A dynamically reconfigurable asynchronous arbitration node for use in an adaptive asynchronous interconnection network is provided. The arbitration node includes a circuit, an output channel and two input channels—a first input channel and a second input channel. The circuit supports a default-arbitration mode and a biased-input mode. The circuit is configured to generate data for the output channel by mediating between input traffic including data received at the first and second input channels, if the arbitration node is operating in the default-arbitration mode, or by providing a direct path to the output channel for one of the first input channel and the second input channel that is biased, if the arbitration node is operating in the biased-input mode. The circuit is further configured to monitor the input traffic and implement a mode change based on a history of the observed input traffic in accordance with a mode-change policy.

Abstract: A communications system including a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter transmits a signal with normal data symbols and at least one dual-use data symbol, where the dual-use data symbol has user data and more data protection than the normal data symbols. The receiver receives the transmitted signal and decodes the dual-use data symbol and uses information from decoding of the dual-use data symbol to improve a channel estimate for the normal data symbols.

Abstract: A method that provides quality of service in a multiuser orthogonal frequency division multiplex system. The method assures quality of service at application level, which directly affects user's satisfaction with the service for interactive applications, such as web browsing, and real-time applications. The method uses advanced dynamic resource allocation to achieve a common subjective user state and/or dynamic resource allocation to optimize the throughput of the system while increasing the quality of service at application level. The method takes advantages of the information of the instantaneous channel gain and information of the objective technical parameters of the system and applications.