Abstract: A resistant training and rehabilitation device for quadruped animals, particularly equines, that encourages a constant self awareness of an animal's own movement by direct contact over connecting muscle groups. The device comprising elastic material that serves as a tension wrap around the animal's front, rear and mid body section such that when the front portion moves in the forward direction, it pushes against the material, causing it to pull against the rear and belly section of the animal. The elastic material further pulls against the lower belly portion of the horse causing it to round and lift the arch of its back, and the horse lowers its neck in response to a neutral position for improved alignment and posture.

Abstract: A hot water storage tank-type condensing boiler having a multi-stage structure is provided where the upper end plate of a water tank exposed to a firebox is formed to have a multi-stage structure so that the distances at which each portion of the upper end plate is exposed to a flame are the same to uniformly heat water filled within the water tank at each of the portions. In addition, like the upper end plate, the lower end plate may be formed to have a multi-stage structure so that the distances between each of the stages of the upper end plates and each of the stages of the lower end plate are the same. Thus, furnace tubes passing through the upper and lower end plates may have the same length to improve productivity and provide the same combustion load.

Abstract: A variable valve operating apparatus including an electric motor including a motor housing with a permanent magnet, and a speed reducing mechanism having a casing, the motor housing and the casing of the speed reducing mechanism being coupled to each other by a plurality of bolts, wherein the motor housing includes a convex portion formed in a portion of the motor housing which is opposed to one axial end of the permanent magnet, the convex portion having a threaded hole into which a tip end portion of each bolt is screwed, and a projection formed on an axial end surface of the convex portion in alignment with the threaded hole in an axial direction of the threaded hole, and wherein the axial end surface of the convex portion is located further spaced from the one axial end of the permanent magnet than the projection.

Abstract: A resin member may include a first side wall, which is placed between a first housing and a laminated body, and a second side wall, which is placed between a second housing and the laminated body. A vane rotor may include a pressing oil passage that is configured to guide hydraulic oil to a first seal member and a second seal member to exert a pressing force, which radially outwardly and axially urge the first seal member and the second seal member.

Abstract: A non-return valve for an oil return in the crankcase ventilation system of a combustion engine includes a valve housing, a valve body which is mounted in the valve housing so as to be displaceable as a whole between an open position and a closed position, wherein the valve body in the non-operating state of the combustion engine is maintained in the open position without preload and the valve body is configured to automatically move to the closed position in case of an overpressure at the crankcase side with respect to the oil separator chamber. The non-return valve is provided and configured to be inserted into a mounting of a cylinder head cover of the combustion engine.

Abstract: The invention relates to a heat exchanger (1) for a vehicle comprising a heat engine, said exchanger comprising a first circuit, a second circuit and a tank. According to the invention, the first circuit comprises first ducts for conveying exhaust gases, the second circuit comprises second ducts for conveying a heat-transfer fluid, and the tank can receive a reagent.

Abstract: A coupling member (180) of a glow plug (100) includes a first bend (183) and a second bend (184) folded in an axis direction OD and a joint section (185) in a tapered shape configured to connect the first bend with the second bend and reduce the diameter toward a rear end side of a body portion. Accordingly, in a limited space formed between a housing (130) and a heater unit (150), this configuration increases the length of the coupling member (180), compared with a configuration without any bend folded in the axis direction OD. This results in decreasing the spring constant k of the coupling member 180 and suppressing extension of the coupling member 180 in the axis direction due to thermal expansion.

Abstract: A ceramic glow plug includes a ceramic heater; a tubular sleeve which holds the outer circumference of the ceramic heater with a front end portion thereof protruding from the front end of the sleeve; and a tubular housing which surrounds a rear end portion of the ceramic heater and has a mounting portion for mounting the housing. The sleeve has a small-diameter portion which is accommodated in a front end portion of the housing and has an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the front end portion of the housing, and a large-diameter portion which is connected to the small-diameter portion, disposed frontward of the front end portion of the housing, and has a diameter larger than the inner diameter of the front end portion of the housing. The front end portion of the housing is welded to the large-diameter portion.

Abstract: A starter for an internal combustion engine, comprising: an electric motor; a drive assembly including a pinion movable between a free position and a meshed position, wherein the pinion is rotatably linked to the electric motor and the internal combustion engine; an electric switching device including a main actuator capable, when engaged, of moving and holding a plunger, in position, the plunger being linked with the movement of the pinion between the free position and the meshed position, by means of a lever; a means connected to the plunger, which is capable of establishing electrical power contact between the electric motor and a power source when the pinion is in the meshed position; and including an auxiliary actuator capable, when engaged, of opening the power contact and a means for separately controlling the main actuator and the auxiliary actuator.

Abstract: Leakage of a liquid (e.g. a coolant and/or a lubricant) past a sleeve valve to a port in communication with a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine can be prevented by use of a substantially ring-shaped seal, which can be carried on the sleeve valve or disposed on a stationary part of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An apparatus including a reciprocating internal combustion engine with at least one piston and cylinder set and an intake stream; at least one liquid atomizer in fluid communication with the intake stream operable to provide a plurality of liquid droplets with a diameter less than 5 ?m to the intake stream; and a controller where the controller is able to adjust an index of compression for the engine by: calculating a wet compression level in response to an engine operating limit and adjusting the at least one liquid atomizer in response to the wet compression level.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to an engine with an integrated mixing of fluids device and associated technology for improvement of the efficiency of the engine, and more specifically to an engine equipped with a fuel mixing device for improvement of the overall properties by inline oxygenation of the liquid, a change in property of the liquid such as cooling form improved combustion, or the use of re-circulation of exhaust from the engine to further improve engine efficiency and reduce unwanted emissions.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has a cylinder, a cylinder head mounted to the cylinder, a piston disposed in the cylinder, and a fuel injection valve. A combustion chamber is defined by the piston, the cylinder head and the cylinder. The fuel injection valve has a plurality of injection holes that injects fuel directly inside the cylinder from a side of the combustion chamber. The injection holes inject fuel in a spray shape with an overall shape, which is formed by a plurality of sprays being injected from the injection holes. The overall shape expands toward the cylinder head and forms one part of a conical shape that is dented near the piston. Central axes of some of the injection holes are oriented toward a boundary portion near the exhaust valve formed at a crown surface of the piston and an inner wall of the cylinder when fuel is injected.

Abstract: A multi-fuel injector has an internal pressure intensifier which has means to intensify fuels with different viscosities, cetane or octane numbers, with high viscosity fuel being used to intensify both itself and low viscosity fuels to high pressure for direct injection into combustion chamber. A combustion method using such a method of fuel injection is also disclosed. A multi-fuel injector with variable orifice nozzle and variable spray patterns is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for converting a fuel-injected diesel engine to be powered by natural gas includes removing a fuel injector from a cylinder of the engine, replacing the removed fuel injector with a combined fuel injection and ignition unit having a natural gas flow path and an ignition device, coupling the natural gas flow path to a pressurized natural gas fuel supply, and connecting the ignition device to an ignition control system. The combined fuel injection and ignition unit is configured to inject the natural gas into the cylinder, and the ignition device is configured to ignite the natural gas in the cylinder, under control and coordination of the ignition control system for operation of the engine.

Abstract: A valve actuation system for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The engine has a first set of cylinders having a first set of exhaust valves and a second set of cylinders having a second set of exhaust valves. The valve actuation system for the exhaust valves includes one or more first cams having a compression-release lobe and a main exhaust lobe adapted to transfer valve actuation motion to the first set of exhaust valves, and one or more second cams having an early exhaust valve opening (EEVO) lobe and a main exhaust lobe adapted to transfer valve actuation motion to the second set of exhaust valves. The valve actuation system may provide any combination of (i) main exhaust valve actuation with or without compression release actuation with (ii) main exhaust valve actuation with or without EEVO for the two sets of cylinders.

Abstract: When an accelerator pedal is released while a vehicle is running, a lockup clutch is unlocked. Simultaneously, ignition timing is retarded and a fuel-cut operation to stop fuel supply to an internal combustion engine is performed. However, when it is predicted that a fuel recovery is to be performed after unlocking the lockup clutch, execution of the fuel-cut operation is prohibited. A shock due to the fuel recovery after the fuel-cut operation performed when the accelerator pedal is released is thereby prevented.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle having a plurality of cylinders all of which are operated in a full load engine mode and some of which are shut down in a partial load engine mode is disclosed, wherein the full load engine mode is switched to the partial load engine mode only if a partial engine operating torque which can be provided by the internal combustion engine in the partial load engine mode is greater than or equal to a target torque set on the internal combustion engine. In order to switch from the full load engine mode to the partial load engine mode, a switch variable determined on the basis of at least one specific parameter of the internal combustion engine and/or of the motor vehicle must additionally be set.

Abstract: Fuel management system for efficient operation of a spark ignition gasoline engine. Injectors inject an anti-knock agent such as ethanol directly into a cylinder of the engine. A fuel management microprocessor system controls injection of the anti-knock agent so as to control knock and minimize that amount of the anti-knock agent that is used in a drive cycle. It is preferred that the anti-knock agent is ethanol. The use of ethanol can be further minimized by injection in a non-uniform manner within a cylinder. The ethanol injection suppresses knock so that higher compression ratio and/or engine downsizing from increased turbocharging or supercharging can he used to increase the efficiency or the engine.

Abstract: A method and system for actively controlling the fuel pressure in the fuel rails of a fuel injection system is disclosed for providing wideband fuel rail control. An active pressure control circuit controls the pressure control valve over the entire range of engine operating conditions and in the frequency domain. Implementation of a closed-loop feedback control is effective for attenuating fuel pressure fluctuations in the fuel rail assembly.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system (1) for venting a fuel tank (3). The system (1) has a gas vessel (9), a first line (11), and a second line (13). The gas vessel (9) is designed to receive fuel vapor (7) from the fuel tank (3). The first line (11) connects the gas vessel (9) to an air supply path (21) of an internal combustion engine (19). The second line (13) connects the gas vessel (9) to a fuel supply path (30) of the internal combustion engine (19).

Abstract: In an air handling system of a uniflow-scavenged, two-stroke cycle opposed-piston engine, one or more engine operating state parameters are sensed, numerical values of air handling parameters based on trapped conditions in a cylinder of the engine at the last port closing of an engine operating cycle are determined in response to the sensed parameters, the numerical values are evaluated, and one or more of the numerical values is adjusted in response to the evaluation. The adjusted numerical values are used to control charge air flow and EGR flow in the air handling system.

Abstract: A trapped burned gas fraction is controlled in a two-stroke cycle opposed-piston engine with uniflow scavenging by adjusting an external EGR setpoint in real time. The adjusted setpoint is used to control EGR flow in the engine's air handling system.

Abstract: In an air handling system of a uniflow-scavenged, two-stroke cycle opposed-piston engine, repeatable trapped mass and composition are achieved by determining provision of air handling setpoints that control operation of the engine's air handling system components. In some aspects, these setpoints govern operations of the air handling system by actively controlling the intake manifold pressure (IMP), EGR flow, and exhaust channel backpressure.

Abstract: A system and method of treating air. Bipolar ionization is delivered to an airflow within a conduit from a tubeless ion generator. The ionized airflow may be delivered to a conditioned airspace by an HVAC system. In alternate applications, the airflow delivers ionized combustion air to an engine. The invention also includes a mounting assembly for positioning one or more ion generators into an airflow.

Abstract: An air supply system includes a displacement type compressor attached to an intake pipe of an engine, a motor that is variable in rotation number and configured to drive the compressor, and an arithmetic circuit configured to control the rotation number of the motor so as to control an amount of air supplied to the engine by the compressor.

Abstract: A mixer for pulsed exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) includes a fresh intake air conduit having an inlet opening configured to be placed into fluid communication with a fresh intake air source, an EGR pocket having an upstream opening in fluid communication with an upstream air source and a downstream opening in fluid communication with the fresh intake air conduit, and an EGR conduit configured to introduce pulsed EGR into the EGR pocket.

Abstract: A method for adjusting an exhaust heat recovery valve is presented. In one embodiment, the method may control an amount of boost provided by a turbocharger to an engine.

Abstract: In detection of a temperature of fresh air which is supplied to an intake manifold of an engine, by a fresh air temperature sensor, the invention aims at preventing precision of an engine control from dropping due to difference in an attached position of the fresh air temperature sensor. The engine device has an intake pipe for supplying fresh air to the intake manifold, a breather chamber for separating lubricating oil, the breather chamber being arranged within a head cover covering an upper surface side of a cylinder head, and a blow-by gas return pipe. The intake pipe and the breather chamber are connected via the blow-by gas return pipe. The fresh air temperature sensor detecting a temperature of the fresh air introduced into the intake pipe is attached to the intake pipe.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a system and method that eliminates the need for manually calibrating or adjusting a dual fuel internal combustion engine to compensate for variations in composition of a gaseous fuel or other variations, such as ambient or site conditions. The system and method functions by determining an engine load, determining an advantageous gaseous fuel substitution rate from the engine load and speed in addition to an actual gaseous fuel substitution rate, modifying the advantageous gaseous fuel substitution rate by a minimum liquid fuel flow rate, engine protection parameters, and oxidation catalyst protection parameters, and then determining an error term in response to the modified advantageous gaseous fuel substitution rate and the actual gaseous fuel substitution rate. The error term is used to adjust a gaseous fuel control valve.

Abstract: A compressed gas gun is provided, wherein the body houses a firing assembly and an internal, built-in projectile feed mechanism. The projectile feed mechanism is preferably formed as a rear or butt stock of the compressed gas gun. The projectile feed mechanism preferably feeds projectiles to the firing assembly via a feed ramp having an S-shaped transition portion. The compressed gas gun preferably includes a removable top feed rail assembly that can be removed to expose the interior of the compressed gas gun body for field stripping. Central control circuitry is preferably provided for controlling both the firing assembly and the projectile feed mechanism.

Abstract: A weight for an archery bowstring comprises a tubular shape defining an internal cavity. The weight can comprise a single piece of material. The weight desirably frictionally engages a bowstring and has the same shape before and after installation. The weight comprises a continuous structure surrounding the bowstring that will not become detached.

Abstract: Apparatus for capturing heat from a stove to enable it to be transferred to a central heating system is disclosed. The apparatus comprises an air-water heat exchanger, the heat exchanger having an air side and a water side and being operative to transfer heat between air on the air side and water flowing in channels in the water side. The apparatus includes an air duct through which air heated by a stove can pass by convection to contact the air side of the heat exchanger and control means operable to control the amount of air flowing to the heat exchanger. The control means may include a fan that can be operated to direct the flow of air to the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A fresh air heating system includes air intake and discharge chambers, a direct-fired gas burner mounted in a burner chamber in fluid communication with intake and discharge chambers therebetween, and a bypass opening between the air intake and discharge chambers that is selectively closed by a hatch cover having a panel and a peripheral wall extending from the panel.

Abstract: An oven has an enclosed heat exchange zone for use with biomass fuel. The oven has a body which is able to be placed on the ground. The body has a combustion cabinet and an auxiliary equipment cabinet. The combustion cabinet has a burner received therein. The burner has a fire grate, a side plate, a blowing space, and a hearth. A heat exchange zone is defined by the surrounding tubular inner wall; a side heating zone being defined by a tubular inner and a tubular outer walls. A chimney is formed on the tubular outer wall in communication with an upper portion of the side heating zone. An opening is defined in the top of the combustion cabinet right above the tibular inner wall.

Abstract: A heating element (10) comprises an exothermic layer (11) containing an oxidizable metal, a water absorption agent and water and a water-retention layer (12) having a water absorption sheet (102), the exothermic layer (11) and the water-retention layer (12) are in layers, in which the mass ratio of the content of the water absorption agent is from 0.3 to 20 parts by mass for 100 parts by mass of the oxidizable metal, mass ratio of content of water to the content of the water absorption agent in the exothermic layer (11) (water/water absorption agent) is from 0.8 to 13, and the content of water contained in the water-retention layer (12) is from 10 to 45 mass % of the maximum water absorption of said water-retention layer (12).

Abstract: A system for quickly, easily and inexpensively facilitating the attachment of various solar water heating components to the roof of a structure in a panel form generally without regard to the type of underlying roof support structure and further, which provides an upper surface upon which essentially any type of roofing material maybe installed. In a first embodiment, it is contemplated that all of the components of the invention may be provided in the form of a ‘panel’ of essentially any size such as, for example, a panel measuring 4?×4?, 4?×8?, or any other size that is convenient and workable in terms of weight and ease of installation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a configuration of the receivers in concentrated solar plants with towers comprising at least one medium-temperature receiver (3) and one high-temperature receiver (4) in which each high-temperature receiver (4) is located above and slightly in front of each medium-temperature receiver (3), such that a portion of the rays that bounce off the medium-temperature receiver (3) heats the rear portion of the high-temperature receiver (4) and in which the high-temperature receiver (4) is positioned such that the majority of the surface thereof is opposite the wall of the cavity (2), only the bottom portion of the receiver (4) remaining free.

Abstract: A pre-filled, single-use, disposable medication chamber for use in a medical nebulizer system that delivers a mist of properly sized aerosol particles of medicament to the patient. The nebulizer can be effectively used in conjunction with conventional nebulizer cap, tee and mouthpiece devices that interface with the patient.

Abstract: This invention relates to a pressurised metered dose inhaler comprising a canister, wherein the canister contains a formulation comprising a tiotropium salt and an HFA propellant, wherein the inhaler is an inhalation-actuated inhaler.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electronic cigarette inhalation rod and an electronic cigarette. The electronic cigarette inhalation rod includes an inhalation tube and a first connector disposed at one end of the inhalation tube. The inhalation tube and the first connector are an integrally formed structure. Therefore, by the integral formed structure of the inhalation tube and the first connector, on one hand the first connector will not fall down from the inhalation rod, the product is of stable structure, good quality, and easy to use; on the other hand, the assembly is convenient and the appearance is beautiful. The electronic cigarette includes the inhalation rod and a battery rod. The electronic cigarette inhalation rod and the battery rod are matchingly connected.

Abstract: A connector arrangement joining a respiratory mask and headgear is adapted for single-handed disengagement by the patient. A first, rigid connector part is formed into the rigid mask frame, with a mating second connector attached to a strap of the headgear. The connectors are held away from the patient's face by the connection to the mask frame.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there is provided is provided a tubing arrangement and associated connectors, including a delivery adaptor and a Y-connector, which may be used to facilitate the operative interface of a patient interface to a ventilator within a ventilation system. The delivery adaptor is connected between the outlet connector of the flow generator and the main delivery tube (i.e., the quad-lumen tube) in the ventilation system. The delivery adaptor functions to retain the pneumatic isolation of a sense line of the ventilation system from certain other lumens of the quad-lumen tube, and further connects one of the small lumens of the quad-lumen tube to an external oxygen source or an external humidification source. The oxygen or humidification is delivered to such lumen through the adaptor. The oxygen or humidification is then bled into the air stream at the outlet of such lumen which is at the Y-connector.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of treatment that permit a reduction of risk of mortality in infants who are candidates for treatment with inhaled nitric oxide, by identifying a subset of such infants who are at an increased risk of mortality upon treatment with inhaled nitric oxide; also disclosed are related systems for use in administering inhaled nitric oxide and methods of distributing a pharmaceutical product.

Abstract: The invention refers to an inhalation device for powdered drugs to be received by a patient by an inhalation-caused air stream, comprising at least one powder reservoir, metering means for repeatedly metering a powder dose from the reservoir, a transportation mechanism for moving said metering means from a filling position for receiving a powder dose into an emptying position for releasing said powder dose into a powder channel, at least one activating device for manual operation by the patient being operatively connected to said transportation mechanism such that upon operation a single powder dose is being metered, said activating device comprising a dosage key (5) acting on said transportation mechanism when actuated by the patient.

Abstract: The invention relates to an inhalation device for powdered drugs to be received by a patient by an inhalation-caused air stream, comprising at least one powder reservoir, metering means for repeatedly metering a powder dose from the reservoir, a transportation mechanism for moving said metering means from a filling position for receiving a powder dose into an emptying position for releasing said powder dose into a powder channel, at least one activating device for manual operation by the patient, said activating device being operatively connected to said transportation mechanism such that upon operation a single powder dose is being metered, said activating device comprising a dosage key (5) acting on said transportation mechanism when pressed by the patient. The inhalation device further comprises an advancing mechanism for advancing a counter means each time the inhalation device has been activated by the patient so that a powder dose has been released into the powder channel.

Abstract: A passive inhaler for delivery of a powder-form inhalation formulation from a blister strip with a plurality of blister pockets is proposed. The inhaler comprises an impaction element onto which the air stream can impact together with entrained inhalation formulation for better deagglomeration. Alternatively, the inhaler comprises an oscillating and/or vibrating device for better de-agglomeration of the inhalation formulation. Alternatively or additionally, the inhaler comprises one or two mixing means for generating swirls, preferably with opposite rotation directions.

Abstract: This invention relates to a medical tube comprises an elongate conduit having a first opening, a second opening, a longitudinal axis, a lumen extending between the first opening and the second opening along the longitudinal axis, and a corrugated wall, formed from an extruded material, extending between the first opening and the second opening and surrounding the lumen. The wall is stiffer in a first length of the conduit adjacent the first opening than in a second length of the conduit adjacent the second opening. The variable stiffness of the tube wall can improve the thermal profile of the tube as well as improve drain-back of condensation into a humidifier providing humidified gas to the tube.

Abstract: A disposable breathing circuit is adapted to be connected between a disposable face mask and a vacuum source for delivering fresh gas to the face mask and for scavenging waste gas exhaled from the face mask. The breathing circuit includes a fresh gas supply limb and an exhalation limb and a scavenging limb coupled to the exhalation limb. The scavenging limb includes a one-way valve to prevent re-breathing, a flexible flow-through reservoir bag used to store exhaled gas, and an output tube adapted to be coupled between the flow-through reservoir bag and the vacuum source.

Abstract: A ventilation gas cooling apparatus or unit which, in an exemplary embodiment, is configured in a modular form adapted for selective removable engagement to a ventilator. The cooling unit includes a gas inlet port, a gas delivery port, a pressure sensing port, and a thermoelectric cooler. The inlet port is fluidly connectible to a source of therapeutic breathing gas at an external end and is fluidly connectible to an inlet of the ventilator at an internal end. The delivery port is fluidly connectible to a patient circuit at an external end and is fluidly connectable to an outlet of the ventilator at an internal end. The pressure sensing port is fluidly connectible to both a pressure sensing port of the ventilator and to the patient circuit. The cooling unit may further include a cooling fluid system which is operative to circulate either a gas coolant or a liquid coolant along at least a portion of a multi-lumen tube which is integrated into the patient circuit.