Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting a frame to at least one receiver in a wireless communication system is provided. The apparatus determines at least one data length in accordance with each receiver based on a number of symbol for the frame to be transmitted, determines a maximum data length among the at least one data length, and determines a length of the frame in time domain based on the maximum data length. The apparatus generates the frame in accordance with the length of the frame, the frame including a first signal field and at least one second signal field. The first signal field indicates the length of the frame and each second signal field indicates each data length.

Abstract: A wireless network access device comprising a radio interface with a serial communication line, a switch, and M serial connections to M connectors for connecting up to M corresponding detachable radio modules. The radio interface forms up to M individually addressable radio communications paths. Each radio module includes a radio configured to communicate with client devices in a coverage area and a radio processor configured to manage at least one radio receiving buffer. The radio receiving buffers store receiver buffer identifiers to corresponding received data space. A processor manages communication between the client devices that communicate with the radio modules and a data network via the radio interface and a network interface when N?M radio modules are connected to the radio interface. An assist engine is connected in the serial connection between the processor and the switch to manage allocation of receive buffer identifiers to the radio modules.

Abstract: An apparatus for simultaneously receiving incoming messages on at least two channels in a multi-channel device, wherein a first incoming message is received on a first channel of the at least two channels according to a first protocol. Responsive to receiving the first incoming message, outgoing messages are transmitted on the first channel while the incoming messages are simultaneously received on a second channel. The outgoing messages to be sent according to the first protocol are queued in a transmitter. The transmitter also monitors at least one data stack that is used for transmitting messages according to a second protocol for transmit opportunities. Responsive to detecting a transmit opportunity, the transmitter transmits an optimal number of the outgoing messages within the duration of the transmit opportunity. The outgoing messages are transmitted on the first channel without affecting incoming messages received on the second channel.

Abstract: A wireless communication apparatus performs access control which starts transmission after a backoff time passes since an available state of a channel is detected through carrier sense, the backoff time being set based on a random value selected within a contention window width. The wireless communication apparatus includes a remaining time calculating unit which calculates a remaining time until a request delay time time-outs after data is generated, and a setting unit which sets the contention window width according to the remaining time calculated by the remaining time calculating unit.

Abstract: A telecommunications system is configured to perform a method for mapping synchronization signals. The method includes transmitting data, reference signals, synchronization signals and control elements to at least one of the plurality of subscriber stations. The method also includes configuring enhanced physical downlink control channel (e-PDCCH) DMRS parameters for each of a plurality of e-PDCCH sets.

Abstract: Multimedia application data formats often use data packets and may contain packetized hierarchical layers with a base layer (BL) and one or more enhancement layers (EL). Packets that comprise variable length coded data typically provide padding bits, which can be used for adding checksum information. The checksum information refers to both, the decoded base layer and decoded enhancement layer packet data, and is used for detecting synchronization loss between the layers. Though the packets provide different individual amounts of padding bits, this variable amount of bits per packet is sufficient for adding checksum information for synchronization related purposes. This allows e.g. out-of-sync detection even if the enhancement layer encoding provides no overhead information for synchronization, in particular no packet headers and no packet synchronization words.

Abstract: The present invention is designated to reduce the deterioration of transmission characteristics upon data transmission, even when soft buffer memory for retransmission control is not sufficiently secured in a mobile terminal apparatus. The present invention provides the steps of, in a base station apparatus (eNB), performing channel coding of information bits (ST 802), performing a rate matching process for the coded bits after interleaving (ST 804), and transmitting transmission data to match the coded bit length after rate matching, to a mobile terminal apparatus (UE) (ST 806), and, in the mobile terminal apparatus (UE), receiving the transmission data (ST 807), performing channel decoding of the received data (ST 810), and discarding part of the received data in accordance with the size of the soft buffer memory in the mobile terminal apparatus (UE) and storing this in the soft buffer memory (ST 812 and ST 813).

Abstract: Provided is a radio communication terminal which is capable of measuring quality in communication with a handover destination with high accuracy. The radio communication terminal is capable of communicating with a base station or a relay node, and includes: a receiver which receives control information including information relating to measurement of measuring quality of a neighbor cell; an extractor which extracts information on a subframe where the measurement should be performed, which is a subframe where only transmission of a signal from the relay node connected to the base station is performed, from the information relating to the measurement; a measurement section which performs the measurement, on a subframe basis, based on the extracted information on the subframe where the measurement should be performed; and a transmitter which transmits a result of the measurement to the base station or the relay node.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer program products are for managing APNs in a wireless communications network during a PDP context activation sequence. An exemplary method includes a radio network controller (RNC) generating an APN assignment request in response to a PDP context activation request being received from a device and sending the APN assignment request to an intelligent APN management system (iAPNMS). The method also includes determining, at the iAPNMS based upon an assignment factor, an APN to assign to the PDP context activation request and assigning the APN to the PDP context activation request. The method also includes one of the RNC and the iAPNMS modifying the PDP context activation request to include the APN, and the RNC forwarding the PDP context activation request including the APN to a serving general packet radio service (GPRS) gateway support node (SGSN) to continue the PDP context activation sequence.

Abstract: In a wireless network supporting aggregation of uplink component carriers, sounding reference signals, SRS, are transmitted on an uplink, UL, primary component carrier. An activation command corresponding to an UL secondary component carrier, SCC, is received, in response to which the receiving transceiver determines whether it has valid timing information for the UL SCC, wherein valid timing information for the UL SCC indicates that the UL SCC is UL synchronized. In response to this determination, transmission of SRS on the UL SCC is enabled if the UL SCC is synchronized, when SRS is configured for the UL SCC. Otherwise, transmission of SRS on the UL SCC is prohibited until the UL SCC is UL synchronized.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for transmitting broadcast data and a method and apparatus for receiving broadcast data so as to provide a broadcast service. The method of transmitting broadcast data includes: receiving at least one Internet Protocol (IP) packet group, the IP packet group classified based on a service provided by IP packets; generating first mapping information which indicates mapping information between an IP address corresponding to each of the at least one IP packet and an address within a transmission channel on which each of the at least one IP packet group is to be carried; and transmitting the first mapping information and the at least one IP packet group via the transmission channel. A user accesses only desired IP packets quickly and processes them so that a data processing speed can be improved.

Abstract: A method provides for selecting a communication interface towards an access point by a wireless communication device. The method includes receiving one or more HELLO messages from the access point; determining whether any of a plurality of communication links is being used to reach the access point by evaluating at least one field of each of the received HELLO messages; penalizing a link metric of a communication link when the communication link is being used; and selecting a communication interface towards the access point, wherein the selected communication interface is coupled to a best communication link having a best link metric.

Abstract: A wireless communication apparatus that transmits data in certain communication interval to a receiving apparatus, using one or more communication channels among a plurality of adjacent communication channels, is provided. The apparatus includes: a setting unit configured to set the one or more communication channels for transmitting the data; a transmission unit configured to transmit the data using the one or more set communication channels; and a detection unit configured to detect interference with other wireless communication apparatuses, when the transmission unit transmits the data using the one or more set communication channels; wherein the setting unit changes the number of the one or more communication channels based on a time duration that the data transmission has been restrained due to the detected interference, and the communication interval.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus related to selecting and/or using different coding methods for a broadcast channel are described. The coding method to be used is selected as a function of an estimated level of congestion. Various methods and apparatus are well suited for use in peer to peer wireless communications systems including broadcast peer discovery channels. A wireless communications device, e.g., a mobile terminal supporting peer to peer signaling, detects peer discovery signals from other devices and estimates a level of congestion. The wireless communications device selects one of a plurality of alternative coding methods as a function of the estimated level of congestion. Two different coding methods which may be used, in some embodiments, vary in at least one of: coding rate, convolution code used, and amount of resources used. The wireless device transmits information indicating the selected coding method and coded peer discovery data in accordance with the selected coding method.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method of transmitting system information on a down link shared channel structured as successive subframes includes transmitting (400-416) system information in regularly occurring time windows, each time window spanning some number of successive subframes. The method further includes indicating (406/408) to receiving user equipment (120) which subframes within a given time window carry system information. The method and variations of it are applied, for example, to the transmission of dynamic system information on the down link shared channel or other down link channel in a 3GPP E-UTRA wireless communication network (100).

Abstract: Systems and methodologies are described that facilitate reducing false detections of control channels during blind decode when multiple component carriers are configured. A UE can perform blind detection of control channels on a plurality of carriers, wherein each control channel detected can be validated to reduce false detections. In one aspect, a reference carrier can be selected, wherein one or more detected control channels are validated so long as one detected control channel is on the reference carrier. In another aspect, control channel can be bundled such that multiple control channel detections are required for validation. Moreover, dummy control channels can be introduced that provide UE with guidance during blind decoding, as well as provide validation of detections. Further, various combinations of a reference carrier, bundling, and/or a dummy control channel can be utilized.

Abstract: A user equipment (UE) monitors coexistence issues of one or more associated communication resources. The UE initiates link recovery procedures (e.g., declaring a Radio Link Failure (RLF)) in response to the monitoring when a coexistence issue is detected. The UE can also access a new channel or a new Radio Access Technology (RAT) in response to initiating the link recovery. The network may have the ability to control whether the UE can initiate the link recovery.

Abstract: A delegated internet protocol version six prefix, which is assigned to a gateway device which is interposed between an internet and a premises, is divided into a lower-numbered portion and a higher-numbered portion. One of the portions is allocated to a plurality of networks associated with the premises. The other is broken into a plurality of blocks for use in prefix delegation for allocation to routers associated with the premises requesting the prefix delegation. The gateway device is operated in accordance with the dividing, allocating, and breaking steps. Optionally, at least some of the plurality of networks associated with the premises are pre-categorized into at least first and second trust zones, and the operating step further includes operating the gateway device in accordance with the pre-categorizing step. Apparatuses, devices, computer program products, and internet protocol version four embodiments are also provided.

Abstract: Techniques for communicating via a control channel, determining a particular data channel based on the communicating, and transferring data via the particular data channel are described. One or more messages are communicated via the control channel between first and second nodes. The one or more messages may indicate a particular data channel from multiple data channels that may be utilized to transfer data between the first and second nodes. The one or more messages may also indicate a modulation technique and/or data rate that may be implemented on the particular data channel. The one or more messages may be utilized to determine the particular data channel that will be utilized to transfer the data. The first and second nodes may switch to the particular data channel based on the determination and transfer the data via the particular data channel.

Abstract: Disclosed are various group resource allocation methods used in a wireless access system. In one example of the present invention, a method for configuring a valid combination set for a resource allocation bitmap comprises the steps of: receiving, from a base station, a super frame header comprising HARQ burst data showing the HARQ burst size candidate set; receiving, from the base station, group configuration map data elements including control data for configuring a valid combination set; and configuring a valid combination set by using the HARQ burst data and the control data.

Abstract: Transmission power of a plurality of uplink carrier components used for communication by a mobile station apparatus and a base station apparatus is effectively controlled. The mobile station apparatus communicates with the base station apparatus using plurality of downlink component carriers and a plurality of uplink component carriers. The mobile station apparatus sets a plurality of groups, and each of the groups is composed of at least one uplink component carrier. The mobile station apparatus receives multiple pieces of control information regarding each of the groups to the mobile station apparatus from the base station apparatus in a single downlink component carrier.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method in which a receiver transmits control information in a wireless communication system. The method comprises a step of receiving a plurality of data units from a transmitter, a step of determining acknowledgement/negative-acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) states for each of the data units; and a step of transmitting, to the transmitter, the ACK/NACK states in multiple ACK/NACK states or in a single ACK/NACK state in accordance with a predetermined condition.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for managing group communications is disclosed. The example methods disclose forming subscriber groups, signaling of group assignments, grouping physical channels, assigning logical or physical channels to subscriber groups, and defining triggers for activating channels.

Abstract: A method (400) and user equipment (106) monitor a radio link for a wireless communication terminal for an enhanced control channel. A processor (304) may receive a first type of reference signal. The processor may monitor a first type of control channel. The processor may estimate a first synchronization condition associated with the radio link based on the first type of reference signal. The processor may monitor the second type of control channel. The processor may estimate a second synchronization condition associated with the radio link based on a second type of reference signal.

Abstract: A network interface device utilizes a physical layer (PHY) protocol data unit (PPDU) maximum duration such that, (A) when operating in a first mode of operation, a data unit (i) defined by a protocol in a layer above a PHY protocol in a protocol stack and (ii) having a maximum length defined by the protocol above the PHY protocol will fit entirely within a single PPDU at a lowest possible data rate in the first mode of operation, and (B) when operating in a second mode of operation, the data unit (i) defined by the protocol in the layer above the PHY protocol and (ii) having the maximum length defined by the protocol above the PHY protocol will not fit entirely within a single PPDU at a lowest possible data rate in the second mode of operation.

Abstract: A method of transmitting control information in a carrier aggregation system is provided. The method includes: transmitting bandwidth information of a component carrier; configuring downlink control information including an additional indication field and an information field; mapping the downlink control information in any one of containing units having a plurality of predetermined different bit sizes in accordance with the bandwidth information; and transmitting the downlink control information mapped to any one of the containing units, wherein the information field is any one of a plurality of control information formats applicable to the component carrier, and the additional indication field includes information indicating a specific control information format to which the information field corresponds among the plurality of control information formats. Accordingly, the number of blind decoding attempts of a user equipment can decrease in a carrier aggregation system.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for feeding back channel state information, and a method and a device for obtaining channel state information. The method for feeding back the channel state information includes: compressing, by a user equipment, original time domain channel state information to obtain compressed time domain channel state information; quantizing the compressed time domain channel state information to obtain a codebook index; and sending the codebook index to a base station. With the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the total overhead used for feeding back the channel state information from the user equipment to the base station is reduced.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for performing wireless communication in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) configured for multi-radio access technology (RAT) operation are disclosed. A method includes the WTRU wirelessly communicating information on a first operating frequency according to a first RAT. The WTRU also wirelessly communicates information on a second operating frequency according to a second RAT.

Abstract: The present invention enables random access which does not cause a load on a mobile station apparatus in an Advanced-EUTRA system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for performing random access in a wireless communication system. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the method comprises acquiring a time adjustment value for acquiring uplink timing via the representative CC in an uplink timing group which is set up by a predetermined condition; and updating the time adjustment value for the relevant uplink timing group by using the acquired time adjustment value.

Abstract: The present invention provides various methods for transmitting channel state information relative to one or more serving cells in a carrier-coupled environment, and devices for supporting the same. As one embodiment of the present invention, a method for reporting channel state information (CSI) in a wireless access system that supports carrier coupling comprises the steps of: allowing a terminal to receive information related to a CSI report mode for one or more serving cells from a base station; and allowing the terminal to report the channel state information (CSI) on the one or more serving cells to the base station by considering the CSI report mode. In this case, if first type CSI for a first serving cell and second type CSI for a second serving cell are transmitted on the same subframe, the terminal can report CSI for one serving cell only, to the base station, according to priorities of CSI report types related to the CSI report mode.

Abstract: A method determining information enabling a mobile station to identify which wireless telecommunication network resources are allocated to the mobile station. The allocated resources are divided into plural non contiguous clusters of resources.

Abstract: In one example of the teachings herein, a network base station (16, 18) includes one or more communication interfaces configured to send messages to a wireless communication device, and one or more processing circuits (36) operatively associated with the communication interface(s). The processing circuits (36) are configured to send a reconfiguration message to the device using an existing downlink control channel configuration for the device, which message indicates a new downlink control channel configuration for the device, and, during a window of control channel configuration ambiguity that arises for the device as a consequence of sending the reconfiguration message, send a control message to the device using both the existing and the new downlink control channel configurations. Such a method of operation advantageously avoids the delays that arise if new downlink control signaling towards the device (20) is deferred until receiving confirmation that the device (20) received the reconfiguration message.

Abstract: Methods of mapping, indicating, encoding and transmitting uplink (UL) grants and downlink (DL) assignments for wireless communications for carrier aggregation are disclosed. Methods to encode and transmit DL assignments and UL grants and map and indicate the DL assignments to DL component carriers and UL grants to UL component carriers are described. Methods include specifying the mapping rules for DL component carriers that transmit DL assignment and DL component carriers that receive physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), and mapping rules for DL component carriers that transmit UL grants and UL component carriers that transit physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) when using separate coding/separate transmission schemes.

Abstract: A method is provided for communication in a wireless telecommunication system. The method comprises provisioning, by a network element, for a carrier aggregation-capable UE, in a control region of a downlink subframe, at least one resource for a PHICH.

Abstract: A channel allocation apparatus in a communication system includes: a receiving unit configured to receive terminal information containing transmission mode information of a plurality of stations (STAs) from the STAs; a checking unit configured to check transmission modes of the STAs and check a frequency band available for the STAs; an allocating unit configured to allocate channels of an allocable frequency band in the available frequency band to the STAs, according to the transmission modes of the STAs; and a transmitting unit configured to transmit channel allocation information on the channels allocated to the STAs to the STAs.

Abstract: A method and device for activating and de-activating an uplink of a secondary cell of a terminal. The method includes: determining a number of component carrier waves an RF chain of the terminal can simultaneously receive; determining an activation method to be used for uplink activation according to the number of component carrier waves; and, based on needs, sending information that carries the activation method. Using the method and device, one can determine the activation or de-activation method according to the number of the component carrier waves the terminal's RF chain can simultaneously receive, thus conserving electricity consumption of the terminal and avoiding communication interruptions.

Abstract: Various techniques are disclosed for assigning timeslots in a multihop wireless network. One such method includes, for each node for uplink timeslot assignments, assigning a higher hop count node to a timeslot that is to occur before all time slots assigned to lower hop count nodes. The method further includes, for each node for downlink timeslot assignments, assigning a lower hop count node to a timeslot that is to occur before all time slots assigned to higher hop count nodes.

Abstract: A wireless device receives a control command to transmit a random access preamble on random access resources of a secondary cell in a secondary cell group. The wireless device receives a random access response providing an uplink grant to transmit an uplink packet. The wireless device computes the transmission power of the uplink packet employing, at least in part, a first parameter calculated by summation of: a power control value corresponding to a power control field in the uplink grant; and a total power ramp-up from the first transmission to the last transmission of the random access preamble.

Abstract: Systems and methods for policing traffic in communications systems are described herein. According to systems and methods herein, tokens are generated for a packet data network based on a peak transmission rate associated with the packet data network. Packets are selected for transmission over the packet data network based on availability of tokens.

Abstract: A radio communications link is established between radio stations, and a semi-persistent radio resource is allocated to support data transmission over the communications link. The semi-persistent radio resource is associated with a corresponding automatic repeat request (ARQ) process identifier. Non-limiting examples of a semi-persistent radio resource include a regularly scheduled transmission time interval, frame, subframe, or time slot during which to transmit a data unit over the radio interface. Retransmission is requested of a data unit transmitted using the semi-persistent radio resource. The ARQ process identifier associated with the semi-persistent resource is used to match a retransmission of a data unit dynamically scheduled on the communications link with the requested data unit retransmission. In a preferred example embodiment, the ARQ process identifier is a hybrid ARQ (HARQ) process, where a retransmitted data unit is combined with a previously-received version of the data unit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wireless communication system. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for transmitting control signal via a PUCCH in a wireless communication system, and to an apparatus for the method, wherein the method comprises the following steps: joint-coding a plurality of pieces of control information to obtain a single codeword; obtaining a first modulation symbol sequence from the single codeword; obtaining, from the first modulation symbol sequence, a plurality of second modulation symbol sequences corresponding to each slot in the PUCCH; cyclically shifting the plurality of second modulation symbol sequences in a time domain to obtain a plurality of third modulation symbol sequences; performing a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) precoding process on the plurality of third modulation symbol sequences to obtain a plurality of complex symbol sequences in a frequency domain; and transmitting the plurality of complex symbol sequences via the PUCCH.

Abstract: A user equipment (UE) is configured to communicate with a plurality of base stations in a wireless network. The UE includes a processor that receive a downlink grant scheduling a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) for the UE, the downlink grant being transmitted in a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) or an enhanced physical downlink control channel (ePDCCH). The processor also receives UE-specific demodulation reference signals (UE-RS) provided for demodulation of the PDSCH, wherein the UE-RS are scrambled according to a scrambling sequence initialized with an initialization value cinit. The downlink grant includes a one-bit scrambling identifier (SCID) information field configured to indicate a pair of values comprising a scrambling identifier nSCID and a virtual cell ID Nv-IDcell out of two candidate pairs, the pair of values to be used for determining the initialization value cinit for the UE-RS.

Abstract: In a communication system for performing transmission using non-contiguous frequency bands, transmit power control is performed in which minimum MPR is applied. A wireless transmission apparatus allocates at least one spectrum within a system band and performs transmit power control. The wireless transmission apparatus includes a dividing unit that divides a spectrum into non-contiguous clusters on the basis of band allocation information, a power control amount determining unit that determines transmission power for the spectrum or each of the clusters in accordance with a frequency band to which the spectrum or the cluster is allocated, a power control unit that performs transmit power control on the spectrum or each of the clusters by using the determined transmission power, and an allocating unit that allocates the spectrum or each of the clusters on which transmit power control has been performed to a frequency band on the basis of the band allocation information.

Abstract: A method performed by a node of a communications system includes storing allocation data defining persistently allocated resources for use in communicating data between the node and another node of the communications system within predetermined transmission time intervals, receiving control data relating to a dynamic allocation of resources to be used in a current transmission time interval, the received control data including modulation and coding data and HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request) data, and determining if at least one of the modulation and coding data and the HARQ data in the received control data, includes a predefined bit pattern, and if the determining determines that the predefined bit pattern is present, then changing a setting of the stored allocation data defining the persistently allocated resources.

Abstract: A method embodiment for transmission scheduling includes implementing, by a first base station (BS), a soft-persistent scheduling scheme. The soft-persistent scheduling scheme includes allocating a first resource block to a first UE and other resource blocks to other UEs for a first transmission time interval (TTI), calculating a first priority of the first UE for the first resource block for a second TTI, wherein calculating the first priority involves including a first bonus in the first priority, and wherein the second TTI is later than the first TTI, calculating other priorities for the other UEs and the other resource blocks for the second TTI, and allocating the first and the other resource blocks to the first and other UEs for the second TTI in accordance with the first priority of the first UE as modified by the first bonus and the other priorities of the other UEs.

Abstract: The invention comprises methods and arrangements for Policy Decision Point discovery in a roaming or handover scenario in an IP network (IN) comprising a plurality of network elements. The invention introduces a Re-direct Policy Decision (RPDF) Function which can deliver addresses to PDPs associated to a certain Mobile Terminal. The RPDF comprises a memory for storing addresses (APDPA, SPDPA1) of Policy Decision Points and Mobile Terminals. The RPDF makes it possible for a network element, e.g. an application function, a policy enforcement point or another policy decision point, to find a Policy Decision Point associated to the Mobile Terminal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for performing a handover of an Internet packet (IP) flow from a first access router to a second access router, in which the Internet packet (IP) flow comprises one or more downlink data packets. The method includes: receiving, at the first access router, a request from a user equipment (UE) to move the IP flow from the first access router to the second access router; and in response to the request, the first access router forwarding one or more downlink data packets from the first access router to the second access router.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method, devices, and a program for using IP multicast addresses for mobile terminals (6) (UE) connected to a communication gateway (1) in a wireless communication network (2). The IP multicast address is used for updating routers (3) in the infrastructure network of where to transport data to the UE when the UE connects to another communication gateway (V), this may be updated from the new communication gateway or from a mobility management entity (5) relieving a network gateway (4) (e.g. a SAE gateway) of control traffic reducing the risk of bottle necks in the infrastructure network (2).

Abstract: A technique is proposed for optimizing efficiency in a situation for a possible handover of a mobile terminal (106) from a first mobile access network (102) according to a first mobile access technology to a second mobile access network (104) according to a second mobile access technology different from the first mobile access technology. A method embodiment of the technique performed by the mobile terminal (106) comprises the steps of receiving information regarding an availability of at least one of the first mobile access network and the second mobile access network (104), taking a decision regarding a connection to an inter-technology interworking entity (100) adapted to interwork between the first access technology and the second access technology, and establishing a connection to the interworking entity (100) for a preparation of the handover.