Abstract: A counter circuit includes a lower count signal generation unit suitable for generating a lower bit, an upper count signal generation unit suitable for generating an upper bit, and a control unit suitable for determining a counting route in response to a control signal and controlling the lower and upper count signal generation units based on a determined route, wherein in a first route, the upper bit is generated in response to the lower bit, and in a second route, the lower bit is generated in response to the upper bit.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are disclosed herein, including those that operate to initialize registers of a first memory device and a second memory device of a single-rank memory module by providing separate chip select signals to separately select a first memory device and a second memory device. A method may further include, subsequent to sensing that the initializing is completed, for example, providing a single chip select signal to simultaneously select the first memory device and the second memory device.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a first internal clock generation unit suitable for generating a first internal clock for synchronizing a first signal in response to a first external clock; a second internal clock generation unit suitable for generating a second internal clock for synchronizing a second signal in response to a second external clock; and a delay amount information provision unit suitable for providing delay amount information corresponding to a phase difference between the first internal clock and the second internal clock to an external device.

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments relate to components of a memory system that support timing-drift calibration. In specific embodiments, this memory system contains a memory device (or multiple devices) which includes a clock distribution circuit and an oscillator circuit which can generate a frequency, wherein a change in the frequency is indicative of a timing drift of the clock distribution circuit. The memory device also includes a measurement circuit which is configured to measure the frequency of the oscillator circuit. Additionally, the memory system contains a memory controller which can transmit a request to the memory device to trigger the memory device to measure the frequency of the oscillator circuit. The memory controller is also configured to receive the measured frequency from the memory device and uses the measured frequency to determine the timing drift in the memory device.

Abstract: A food-processing device for blending and mixing food comprises a mixing vessel, a blade holder, and a motor base. The motor is a high power motor. The device has various safety features designed for the high power motor. The blade holder comprises a safety mechanism that prevents the motor base from operating without the mixing vessel covering the blade. The mixing vessel also contains emitters that interact with detectors on the motor base that can allow a user to select an alternate blend speed according to the mixing vessel that is attached.

Abstract: A food-processing device for blending and mixing food comprises a mixing vessel, a blade holder, and a motor base. The motor is a high power motor. The device has various safety features designed for the high power motor. The blade holder comprises a safety mechanism that prevents the motor base from operating without the mixing vessel covering the blade. On the surface of the motor base, it has raised area that is complementarily shaped with some recesses on the bottom of the blade holder to align the blade holder and the motor base. It also has a drainage hole that prevents the accumulation of liquid in the well of the motor base. The motor is mounted on the ceiling of the motor housing through a bracket with multiple dampers. The circuit of the motor has soft start and automatic turn off features.

Abstract: An apparatus (10) for producing an orbital movement in a plane (20) is disclosed. The apparatus (10) comprises a lower shaft (40) and an upper shaft (30), being parallelly and eccentrically attached to one another, and a platform (50) mounted on the upper shaft (30). A ring gear (60) is attached to the platform (50) and coaxially rotatable about the upper shaft (30). A gear wheel (80) is coaxially rotatably mounted on the lower shaft (40) and engages with the ring gear (60).

Abstract: Cartridges useful for mixing materials, such as fluidic materials are provided. A cartridge typically includes a body structure having surfaces that define a cavity with upper and lower portions. A rotatable member generally extends along a horizontal axis in the upper portion of the cavity. One or more protrusions typically extend outward from the rotatable member and into the lower portion of the cavity, and are configured to mix the material when the material is disposed in the cavity. Related mixing stations, systems, kits, and methods are also provided.

Abstract: A seismic sensor cable system is provided. The seismic sensor cable system may include a cable, a first sensor configured to measure motion of the cable, wherein measurement of motion by the first sensor substantially excludes particle motion associated with seismic waves, and a second sensor configured to measure particle motion associated with the seismic waves.

Abstract: An operation managing system is provided for managing the operation of a navigation control device. The navigation control device is adapted for controlling the depth and/or the lateral position of a towed acoustic linear antenna and including a body to which is attached a set of wings. The operation managing system operates the navigation control device according to a degraded operating mode, by acting on at least one non-released and motorized wing when detecting that at least one wing of the set of wings has been released or must be released.

Abstract: Devices and methods for aiding a large area search for submerged objects such as aircraft. A searcher transmits interrogation signals to be received by a device at the target object. The interrogation signals have a long range relative to that of returned signals. The target device responds with a ping signal modified to be more easily found by means of information contained in the interrogation signal. The information may be inherent in the nature of the received signal or data encoded and embedded by the searching device. The target device may use a microprocessor to do complex operations using the information from the interrogation signal and other information. Detection of a weak ping is facilitated by such means as being beamed in the direction of the interrogation, arriving at a predictable time, or having parameters adapted to values requested by the searcher.

Abstract: A photoacoustic apparatus disclosed in the present specification includes: an acoustic wave transmission unit configured to transmit a transmission acoustic wave to a specific area; a control unit configured to control a transmission waveform of the transmission acoustic wave transmitted from the acoustic wave transmission unit; a light source configured to generate light emitted to an area including the specific area when the acoustic wave reaches the specific area; an acoustic wave reception unit configured to receive the acoustic wave and to output a time-series received signal; and a signal processing unit configured to acquire optical property information based on the time-series received signal, wherein the control unit controls the transmission waveform in such a manner that amplitude of a photoacoustic wave generated in the specific area is reduced by the transmission acoustic wave transmitted from the acoustic wave transmission unit.

Abstract: A method of acoustic depth determination in shallow water. At least one standard acoustic sensor located below an ocean thermocline is provided. The at least one acoustic sensor operates at a first frequency regime and at a second frequency regime. The first frequency regime is above a cut-off frequency. The second frequency regime is below the cut-off frequency. Acoustic data from a moving broadband noise source is recorded at the at least one acoustic sensor. A plot of acoustic intensity as a function of frequency versus time is generated from the acoustic data. A first waveguide invariant density distribution for the first frequency regime and a second waveguide-invariant density distribution for the second frequency regime is generated from the plot using curve detection. Whether the noise source is located below the thermocline is classified based on the first and second waveguide-invariant density distributions.

Abstract: An electrical waveform generating circuit has a pair of Pulse Amplitude Controlled Switching Current Sources (PACS). A gate pulse driver circuit is coupled to an input of each of the pair of PACS for sending gate pulses for driving the pair of PACS. A digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuit is coupled to the gate pulse driver circuit for controlling amplitudes of the gate pulses. A transducer is coupled to the PACS.

Abstract: A method and a system of using vibration signatures for pairing two devices. The method and the system include an apparatus that has a master side and a slave side. The slave side has at least one frictional structure. A first device is inserted into the master side. When a second device is inserted through the slave side, a pattern of vibration is generated. Vibration detecting devices on the first and second devices detect the pattern of vibration. A program of the first device validates a master vibration signature and configures the first device as a master device. A program of the second device validates a slave vibration signature and configures the second device as a slave device. The master device and the slave device are automatically paired.

Abstract: A method for controlling a smart watch with a touch-sensitive display comprises detecting contact with the touch-sensitive display while the smart watch is displaying a first application interface associated with a first application. The detected contact can originate in a first area of the touch-sensitive display and move in a first direction. The method can further comprise displaying a first menu of first application interfaces available within the first application. The first application interfaces can comprise a set of unique user interfaces that are accessible within the first application. Additionally, the method can comprise detecting contact on an indication of a particular first application interface from within the first menu. The method can also comprise displaying, on the touch sensitive display, the particular first application interface.

Abstract: The invention relates to an assembly system including a member made of a first material including a staff and a shoulder, the staff of the member being received in an aperture of a part made of a second material having little or no plastic domain. According to the invention, the assembly system includes a locking element made of a third material arranged to elastically attach the part between the shoulder of the member and the locking element and the locking element is a conical washer including an internal wall which radially grips the staff of the member, and a peripheral portion of the locking element which exerts an elastic radial force vertical to the shoulder of the member in order to secure the assembly of the member—part—locking element.

Abstract: The invention relates to an assembly system including a member made of at least a first material including a staff and a shoulder, the staff of the member being received in an aperture of a part made of a second material having little or no plastic domain. According to the invention, the assembly system includes a locking element made of a third material arranged to elastically attach the part between the shoulder of said member and the locking element and in that the locking element is a washer whose internal wall radially grips the staff of said member and whose peripheral portion exerts an elastic radial force vertical to the shoulder of said member in order to secure the assembly of the member-part-locking element.

Abstract: The method adapted for a disc burner for sensing/computing the maximum allowable capacity of a disc for overburn purpose where an accurate capacity of the disc based on the outermost-edge wobble signal is obtained, resulting in more data written on the disc with an amount of the data smaller than the physically-recordable maximum capacity of the disc and decreasing the failure rate of data overburning.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for determining the Walsh-Hadamard transform of N samples of a signal, comprises electing a plurality of hashing C matrices ?1, . . . ?C, computing C hashes of a particular length based at least on a hashing front end and the plurality of matrices ?1, . . . ?C, forming a bipartite graph with a plurality of variable nodes and a plurality of check nodes, the variable nodes being non-zero coefficients to recover, and the check nodes being hashed samples, finding an isolated check node and recovering non-zero coefficients connected to the isolated check node by employing collision detection and support estimation of the signal, peeling from the bipartite graph the recovered non-zero coefficients, and repeating the computing step, forming step, finding step and peeling step until all the nodes in the plurality of check nodes are zero.

Abstract: A system that incorporates the subject disclosure may perform, for example, operations including receiving a request from a communication device to initiate a communication session, obtaining a first name authority pointer record that replaces a second name authority pointer record responsive to an undesirable fault level in a voice over long term evolution network, obtaining the second name authority pointer record responsive to determining that there is no fault or a tolerable level of faults in the voice over long term evolution network, and initiating the communication session according to one of the first name authority pointer record or the second name authority pointer record obtained by the system.

Abstract: An aspect of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving a request from a communication device to initiate a communication session in a packet-switched network, obtaining a first name authority pointer record responsive to determining that there is an undesirable operational state in the packet-switched network, wherein the first name authority pointer record comprises a null record, obtaining a second name authority pointer record responsive to determining that there is a desirable operation state in the packet-switched network, wherein the second name authority pointer record comprises a record, and initiating the communication session according to one of the first name authority pointer record or the second name authority pointer record. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: An aspect of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving a communication request responsive to a telephone number mapping query failure, where the communication request is initiated by an originating communication device requesting a communication session with a terminating communication device, foregoing initiating the communication session as a circuit-switched communication session responsive to determining that the originating communication device and the terminating communication device are enabled to use packet-switched communications, and instructing a second network node to initiate the communication session as a packet-switched communication session between the originating communication device and the terminating communication device responsive to the determination. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a protection end node located at an end of a protection path, wherein the protection end node includes a receiver to receive, from a working end node located at an end of a working path, path defect information indicating whether a defect occurs on the working path, a processor to perform protection switching in response to reception of the path defect information and generate path control information used for the working end node to control a connection of the working path based on the protection switching, and a transmitter to transmit the path control information to the working end node.

Abstract: An example method includes creating a plurality of redundant, non-looping paths to a plurality of switches, and providing information to the plurality of switches about the plurality of redundant, non-looping paths. The method further comprises assigning each of a plurality of clients to one of the plurality of redundant, non-looping paths, and providing information to the plurality of switches about which of the plurality of redundant, non-looping paths each client of the plurality of clients is assigned to. Then, in response to receiving a packet from a client of the plurality of clients, the method comprises transmitting the packet on one of the plurality of redundant, non-looping paths to one of the plurality of switches based at least in part on which of the plurality of redundant, non-looping paths the client is assigned to.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for a terminal to effectively transmit a control signal when a macro cell base station that can be applied to a small cell cluster environment and a small cell base station simultaneously provide services in a heterogeneous network, and a method for reducing overhead of a control signal during connection of a plurality of LTE base stations, which can remarkably reduce the transmission frequency of control signals that are transmitted from a terminal to a small cell base station or can transmit the control signals all at once.

Abstract: An information handling system is provided. The information handling system includes a first network device that forms at least part of a first set of network devices. The first network device provides an interface between a local first server rack and a cloud and has one or more processors in communication with a memory. The first network device is configured to receive information from a second set of network devices that identifies a default gateway for a virtual machine running on a remote server rack. The first network device is also configured to create a local destination address entry associated with information, to store the entry in an address table in the memory, and to receive a packet having the information identifying the default gateway as a destination address. The first network device is further configured to forward the packet into the cloud on in proxy for the default gateway.

Abstract: In a user equipment of a wireless communication system, a method for signal transmission and reception may include: sending a request for a Circuit Switched voice network (CS) service to a Gateway Mobile Switching Center (GMSC) to send and receive data to and from a second user equipment; and receiving a call reject response corresponding to the service request from the GMSC, wherein the call reject response is sent by an entity in a core network of the second user equipment. According to an embodiment, it is possible to provide a suitable service to a sender terminal making a CS service request to a receiver terminal having subscribed only to a PS service without increasing network load.

Abstract: A method for buffer status report (BSR) in dual connectivity for a communication device in a wireless communication system is disclosed. The method comprises connecting to at least two base stations including a first base station and a second base station in the wireless communication system, receiving a BSR configuration from the first base station, wherein the BSR configuration indicates a calculation scheme for a BSR, and calculating buffer sizes indicated in a first BSR and a second BSR respectively for the first base station and the second base station according to the calculation scheme in the received BSR configuration, wherein at least a first logical channel of a first logical channel group reported by the first BSR and at least a second logical channel of a second logical channel group reported by the second BSR are mapped to the same split radio bearer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting traffic in a mobile network is provided. The traffic transmission method includes receiving data traffic including chunk information. The traffic transmission method also includes modifying bearer characteristics based on the chunk information of the received data traffic. The traffic transmission method further includes transmitting the data traffic to user equipment (UE) based on the modified bearer characteristics. A method for transmitting data traffic of a Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) node includes receiving data traffic from a data server. The method for transmitting data traffic of the DPI node also includes extracting chunk information regarding the received data traffic. The method for transmitting data traffic of the DPI node further includes transmitting the received data traffic and the extracted chunk information to an eNB.

Abstract: A method, a device, and a network system of establishing a tunnel are provided in embodiments of the present disclosure. The method of establishing the tunnel includes: obtaining, by a WTP, an address of an AC and an address of a BRAS from a DHCP server; using, by the WTP, the address of the AC to establish a CAPWAP control tunnel with the AC; and using, by the WTP, the address of the BRAS to establish a CAPWAP data tunnel with the BRAS. By using the technical scheme provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the CAPWAP data tunnel may be established between the WTP and the BRAS.

Abstract: A congestion state reporting method and an access network device are provided by the present invention. The method comprises: obtaining, by an access network device, an identifier of a gateway device corresponding to bearers, and reporting to the gateway device congestion state information of a cell covered by the access network device via part of bearers from the bearers corresponding to the identifier. The method mentioned above can avoid the problem in the prior art that the congestion state is further aggravated, so that the gateway device can process the problem of cell congestion more rapidly, and can reduce the processing complexity of the gateway device in the prior art.

Abstract: In a mobile communication environment, the data traffic is mapped to a number of bearers. In a downlink direction, this is accomplished by filtering data packets on the basis of an identifier which is included into the data packets in response to packet inspection. In the uplink direction, a mirroring function is applied which detects incoming data packets, which are received on one of a plurality of bearers and have a first identifier, and outgoing data packets having a second identifier which is complementary to the first identifier. The outgoing data packets having the complementary second identifier are routed to the same bearer from which the incoming data packets are received.

Abstract: Content is received within a network at a content receiver and that is communicated from a content source, where the content comprises packets to be sent to the content receiver that are marked with a first drop priority or a second drop priority. A network priority is detected at the content receiver that is based at least in part upon a ratio of packets marked with the first drop priority to packets marked with the second drop priority within the content and also a determination at the content receiver of a rate of packets dropped that are marked with the first drop priority and a rate of packets dropped that are marked with the second drop priority.

Abstract: Provided is a method and apparatus for controlling a charging condition and policy by a first entity, in which information for policy decision information is received from a second entity and an acknowledgement message is transmitted to the second entity. A policy based on the information for policy decision information is determined, the policy is transmitted to a third entity, and an acknowledgement message for the policy is received from the third entity.

Abstract: The invention discloses a vehicular communication system and a routing method thereof. The routing method includes the following steps. When a first relay node of the relay nodes, which locates in a last road slot of each of the road section, receives the route reply packet, the first relay node is configured to obtain a plurality of moving traces of a plurality of specific relay nodes according to the route reply packet; estimate at least one connection life period related to a plurality of specific road slots according to the moving traces; estimate at least one connection available interval of the specific road section according to the at least one connection life period; and append the at least one connection available interval to the route reply packet and forward the route reply packet.

Abstract: In a mesh network composed of multiple-radio nodes, we assign each radio to one of a plurality of channels, and treat a plurality of links between a pair of nodes as one logical link (bonded link). In some embodiments, the routing protocol is adapted to view each bonded link as one link having a combination of at least some of the properties of the constituent physical links. Traffic sent along a path is dynamically load balanced between the interfaces at each intermediate node based on the current utilization of each interface. In at least some embodiments, route discovery packets record the metrics of each component link of the bonded links leaving a node, but only one route discovery packet per pair of nodes is forwarded, reducing the route discovery packet traffic compared to if each route discovery packet were forwarded over each component link between the pair of nodes.

Abstract: A mobile communication device is provided with a first wireless module, a second wireless module, and a controller module. The first wireless module performs wireless transmissions and receptions to and from a telecommunication network using a cellular technology. The second wireless module performs wireless transmissions and receptions to and from an Access Point (AP) using a Short Range Wireless (SRW) technology. The controller module receives at least one Radio Access Network (RAN) rule, at least one Access Network Discovery and Selection Function (ANDSF) rule, and at least one indicator from the telecommunication network via the first wireless module, and determines whether to use the RAN rule or the ANDSF rule according to the indicator for offloading data traffic from the telecommunication network to the AP via the second wireless module.

Abstract: Embodiments herein relate to a method in a transmitting radio node (12) for handling data packets within a radio bearer in a radio communications network (1). The transmitting radio node (12) sets up, within a radio bearer, a logical sub-channel for each of at least two identified packet flows. The transmitting radio node (12) associates an identity to each data packet of respective identified packet flow, where the identity is indicating the logical sub-channel of the respective identified traffic flow. The transmitting radio node (12) transfers the data packets of respective identified packet flow in an order over a channel in the radio communications network (1), where the order of transferring is based on the identity of each data packet.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods, including executable instructions and/or logic thereon, are provided for server site selection. A system includes a load balancing master configured to have a domain name server (DNS) capability with extensions to support iterative control and a manager capability to select among server sites to probe. The system includes a load balancing slave, communicatively coupled to the master, configured to have a DNS reflection capability to measure a round trip time (RTT) between the load balancing slave and a client local DNS server and an actor capability to respond to commands from the manager and to report a measured RTT to the load balancing master.

Abstract: Systems and methods for optimization of mobile traffic directed to private networks and operator configurability thereof are disclosed. One embodiment includes a method, which may be implemented on a system, for identifying a network accessed by mobile traffic at a mobile device, identifying an operator of the network, and/or determining whether the mobile traffic is directed towards a private or public network. In response to determining that the mobile traffic is directed towards a private network, determining whether the private network is owned by or operated by the operator. Optimization of the mobile traffic is performed based on policies set by the operator. In general, the system maintains and/or enforces different sets of policies regarding mobile traffic optimization set by different and multiple operators.

Abstract: Methods and systems for selecting among multiple concurrently active paths through a network are provided. According to one embodiment, a method is performed by a network interface of a source node within a loop-free, reverse-path-learning network. The network is divided into multiple virtual networks. A packet destined for a destination node and specifying an address for the destination or including information from which the address can be derived is received from the source. A set of virtual networks that can be used to transport the packet from the source node to the destination node is determined. Each virtual network in the set of virtual networks provides a different path through the network from the source to the destination. A particular virtual network from the set of virtual networks is selected, thereby effectively selecting a particular path from multiple selectable paths between the source and the destination.

Abstract: A telecommunications network arranged for controlling the flow of SNMP trap notifications from Subtended Network Elements and subtending Gateway Network Elements to a Management System, the network being provided with a Network Analyser arranged for determining the number of Network Elements that are subtended by each Gateway Network Element, and a Notification Threshold Manager arranged for calculating a Notification Throttling Threshold (an upper limit for the rate at which a Subtended Network Element may send SNMP trap notifications to the Management System in dependence upon the number of Network Elements that are subtended by the Gateway Network Element. The Notification Throttling Threshold is transmitted to the Gateway Network Element and Subtended Network Elements by the Management System. Also disclosed is a method for controlling the flow of SNMP trap notifications in the above-described network.

Abstract: A switch device for a network element includes a transfer system (110) for transferring data from ingress line interfaces of the network element to egress line interfaces of the network element in accordance with control information associated with the data. The transfer system includes a control section (111) configured to compare data traffic load to capacity available to the data traffic load at one of the egress line interfaces so as to generate a congestion indicator expressing whether a data flow (113) representing the data traffic load is a potential cause of congestion at the one of the egress line interfaces. The control section is further configured to direct a congestion control action to the data flow if the data flow is a potential cause of congestion. Thus, the congestion management related to the ingress and egress line interfaces can be carried out by the switch device.

Abstract: Provided are methods and apparatus for mitigating traffic loss by using advanced traffic engineering services in a multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) network and/or a generalized multiprotocol label switching (GMPLS) network. Provided is an exemplary method that includes measuring, at a network element, energy utilization of at least one of a line card and a switch fabric card that are configured to carry a traffic engineering (TE) capable link, as well as converting the energy utilization measurement to a normalized energy consumption indicator for the at least one of the line card and the switch fabric card. Further, based on the normalized energy consumption indicator, a route of a label switched path in the MPLS network is optimized so the route avoids the at least one of the line card and the switch fabric card. The provided methods and apparatus advantageously improve throughput, reliability, and availability of MPLS and GMPLS services.

Abstract: A method is performed by a network element implementing an OpenFlow controller. The method requests that a subset of OpenFlow switches in the network report metrics for an OpenFlow data flow to provide a management module with information for executing a management function. A second method is performed by a network element implementing an OpenFlow switch. The OpenFlow switch reports metrics for an OpenFlow data flow to the OpenFlow controller, wherein the OpenFlow switch forwards a management packet with the OpenFlow data flow and collects the metrics for the OpenFlow data flow.

Abstract: A control unit (208) transmits a response signal on an uplink control channel on the basis of a rule. In the rule, error detection result pattern candidates are associated with multiple resources of the uplink control channel used in the transmission of the response signal and with phase points within each resource, and at least a specific pattern candidate, wherein the pattern for a specific error detection result with respect to downlink data of a first unit band is identical to the error detection result pattern when communication with the base station (100) occurs using only the first unit band, and the error detection results other than the specific error detection result are all NACK or DTX, is associated with the first resource of the multiple resources. In addition, at least the first resource of the multiple resources is arranged within the first unit band.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for defending against false semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) activation detection and/or missed SPS release. According to certain aspects, a user equipment (UE) may detect one or more conditions for a semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) activation or release are met based on a downlink transmission, generate one or more metrics related to downlink transmission, and determine a valid SPS activation or release has occurred if the one or more metrics satisfy one or more criteria. According to certain aspects, a UE may determine a valid semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) activation has occurred, detect a number of PDSCH CRC failures, and implicitly declare an SPS release based on the detection.

Abstract: Manipulating modulation and coding scheme (MCS) allocation after a communication interruption. A UE device may resume communications with a BS after a communication interruption. Channel quality information may be generated and transmitted to the BS. The channel quality information may be based on channel quality measurements, and may also be based on an offset configured manipulate an MCS allocation by the BS based on determining that the interruption to communication between the UE and the BS has occurred.

Abstract: The FC port state machine enhanced by determining if various lanes are configured to be operated in 128 Gbps mode by operating as parallel lanes as indicated by using a reserved bit in a link training field. If so and if all of the ports are 32 Gbps ports and pass training, then four lanes can be combined to form a 128 Gbps link. If the ports are configured for 128 Gbps only operation and at least one lane does not negotiate to 32 Gbps or fails training, the link is not activated and none of the lanes are activated. If the ports are configured to do either 128 Gbps or independent operation and at least one lane cannot operate at 128 Gbps, then the lanes operate independently at the negotiated and trained speed. If the lanes are configured for only independent operation the transceiver develops independent links as negotiated.