Abstract: A method of manufacturing a cementitious composite including: (1) mixing an extrudable cementitious composition by first forming a fibrous mixture comprising fibers, water and a rheology modifying agent and then adding hydraulic cement; (2) extruding the extrudable cementitious composition into a green extrudate, wherein the green extrudate is characterized by being form-stable and retaining substantially a predefined cross-sectional shape; (3) removing a portion of the water by evaporation to reduce density and increase porosity; and (4) heating the green extrudate at a temperature from greater than 65° C. to less than 99° C. is disclosed. Such a process yields a cementitious composite that is suitable for use as a wood substitute. Particularly, by using higher curing temperatures for preparing the cementitious budding products, the building products have a lower bulk density and a higher flexural strength as compared to conventional products.

Abstract: [Problem] Provided is a method for manufacturing high quality recycled aggregate by using concrete debris as raw material.

Abstract: In a method for curing mineral wool that is mixed with binder through microwaves, generating additional heat through installation of microwave active substances is performed through curing the binder material.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a high-expansion gypsum composition in which the expansion coefficient of a general purpose dental gypsum material or the like is simply and effectively improved to such an extent that has never been achieved with conventional technologies without using any special material by adding an inexpensive additive even in a small addition amount, and furthermore another object of the present invention is to provide a high-expansion gypsum composition the setting expansion coefficient of which is appropriately controlled so that the contraction of a resin to be used can be precisely dealt with, the high-expansion gypsum composition being useful for manufacturing a reproduction model to be used in manufacturing a “non-clasp denture” having no problem in, for example, occlusion (adaptability).

Abstract: In a multilayer body according to the present invention, two or more materials having different dielectric constants are stacked, at least one of the two or more materials having different dielectric constants is composed of particles having a core-shell structure, and the multilayer body is free of glass. In this multilayer body, for example, a first material having a first dielectric constant of 1000 or more and a second material having a second dielectric constant that is lower than the first dielectric constant may be stacked. The first material may be a BaTiO3 material, and the second material may be one or more selected from the group consisting of BaO—TiO—ZnO materials, BaO—TiO2—Bi2O3—Nd2O3 materials, and BaO—Al2O3—SiO2—ZnO materials. The multilayer body may be manufactured by using an aerosol deposition method for spraying a substrate with a raw powder in an atmosphere having a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: An industrial process for the manufacture of carbon electrodes (artefacts) comprises the steps of (a) mixing a high melting pitch with a Softening Point Mettler (SPM) above 150° C. with carbonaceous solids at a temperature of 50° C. to 120° C. above the SPM of the pitch, pressing or compacting by vibration or extrusion without intentional cooling at a temperature close to the mixing temperature, (b) transferring the artefacts to a carbonization furnace without intentional cooling, (c) carbonizing the artefacts, said process does not need to cool the pitch/coke paste after mixing and/or the green electrode after forming, thus, the heat trapped in the green electrode can be conserved and reduces the total energy consumption and residence time in a subsequent carbonisation step.

Abstract: In one aspect of the instant disclosure, a setter plate assembly to sinter green titanium dioxide forms, such as aluminum smelting cathodes made by multiple forming methods is produced. The assembly is itself formed from sintered titanium diboride. The open area of the assembly and vents allow off-gassing during settering to producing a sintered product with reduced contamination. The setter plate assembly is made principally from titanium diboride, which is chemically compatible with green titanium dioxide forms.

Abstract: A method for making a treated super-hard structure, the method including providing a super-hard structure comprising super-hard material selected from polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) material or thermally stable polycrystalline diamond (PCD) material; subjecting the super-hard structure to heat treatment at a treatment temperature of greater than 700 degrees centigrade at a treatment pressure at which the super-hard material is not thermodynamically stable, for a treatment period of at least about 5 minutes to produce the treated super-hard structure.

Abstract: A machined ceramic article having an initial surface defect density and an initial surface roughness is provided. The machined ceramic article is heated to a temperature range between about 1000° C. and about 1800° C. at a ramping rate of about 0.1° C. per minute to about 20° C. per minute. The machined ceramic article is heat-treated in air atmosphere. The machined ceramic article is heat treated at one or more temperatures within the temperature range for a duration of up to about 24 hours. The machined ceramic article is then cooled at the ramping rate, wherein after the heat treatment the machined ceramic article has a reduced surface defect density and a reduced surface roughness.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fertilizer composition comprising ammonium nitrate, of which the potential misuse as a precursor for an explosive is limited on the one hand, without hampering its legitimate use by farmers for food production on the other hand, to a method for the preparation of said fertilizer composition, and to the use thereof. The fertilizer composition comprising ammonium nitrate comprises a non-hygroscopic agent which is able to form a non-hygroscopic fertilizer composition with ammonium nitrate under normal conditions of storage and use, and to form an hygroscopic composition with ammonium nitrate after said fertilizer composition is contacted with water, and optionally a foaming agent. According to one embodiment, the non-hygroscopic agent is selected from the group of non-hygroscopic urea double salts, in particular urea calcium nitrate (UCaN).

Abstract: A system and method are provided for manufacturing the polymer-coated fertilizers with a controlled release in a single pass. The system has a feeding mechanism connected to a first chill roll to supply the articles to the first cavities provided on the first roll to store and hold the articles. A first machine produces and applies a first polymer film on the articles held in the first chill, roll to coat the articles partially with the first polymer film. The partially coated articles are transferred to a second chill roll placed at a side or on a top of the first chill roll. A second machine produces and applies the second polymer film on the partially coated articles in the second chill roll so that the articles are encapsulated by the first and second polymer films. A collector mechanism receives the encapsulated articles from the second chill roll.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a liquid composition, comprising a dialkylcarbonate, and one or more phosphoric triamide compounds. Also provided is a liquid composition, comprising a C1-C4 alcohol, a vegetable oil or petroleum distillate, a surfactant, and one or more phosphoric triamide compounds. A further aspect of the disclosure provides a method for treating a nitrogen-containing fertilizer, comprising contacting a nitrogen-containing fertilizer with the liquid compositions described herein.

Abstract: A method of characterising the structure of a void sensitized liquid energetic material, which method comprises defining the material in terms distribution function, the distribution function representing the fraction of liquid energetic material that occurs at a given point within the void sensitized liquid energetic material.

Abstract: A composition comprising 2,3-butanediol is dehydrated to methyl vinyl carbinol and/or 1,3-butadiene by exposure to a catalyst comprising (a) MxOy wherein M is a rare earth metal, a group IIIA metal, Zr, or a combination thereof, and x and y are based upon an oxidation state of M, or (b) M3a(PO4)b where M3 is a group IA, a group IIA metal, a group IIIA metal, or a combination thereof, and a and b are based upon the oxidation state of M3. Embodiments of the catalyst comprising MxOy may further include M2, wherein M2 is a rare earth metal, a group IIA metal, Zr, Al, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, 2,3-butanediol is dehydrated to methyl vinyl carbinol and/or 1,3-butadiene by a catalyst comprising MxOy, and the methyl vinyl carbinol is subsequently dehydrated to 1,3-butadiene by exposure to a solid acid catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the dimerization of branched olefins or a mixture of olefins and paraffins, wherein said olefins and paraffins have between 3 to 10 carbon atoms, comprising contacting a feedstream comprising said olefin or mixture of olefins and paraffins with a catalyst composition comprising a medium pore aluminosilicate zeolite having a pore size of between more than 5 ? but less than 6 ? and up to 5 wt-% of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), seaborgium (Sg), cobalt (Co), rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir) and meinerium (Mt).

Abstract: An integrated process for producing cumene and purifying isopropanol is described, in which a crude isopropanol stream containing in excess of 0.1 wt % water is separated into a dry isopropanol fraction containing no more than 0.1 wt % water and a wet isopropanol fraction containing the remainder of the water in said crude isopropanol stream. The dry isopropanol fraction is recovered and the wet acetone isopropanol fraction is contacted with benzene in an alkylation zone under alkylation conditions such that at least part of the isopropanol reacts with the benzene to produce an effluent stream comprising cumene.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for converting hydrocarbon feeds by thermal steamcracking to at least one olefin-containing product stream comprising at least ethylene and propylene, with at least partial conversion of a first hydrocarbon feed in at least one first cracking furnace (1) and of a second hydrocarbon feed in at least one second cracking furnace (2). According to the invention, the second hydrocarbon feed is converted in the second cracking furnace (2) with cracking conditions that lead to a ratio of propylene to ethylene of 0.7 to 1.6 kg/kg, and the first hydrocarbon feed is converted in the first cracking furnace (1) with cracking conditions that lead to a ratio of propylene to ethylene of 0.25 to 0.85 kg/kg at the cracking furnace exit, the value for the ratio of propylene to ethylene for the second hydrocarbon feed being above the value for the ratio of propylene to ethylene for the first hydrocarbon feed.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for making CF3CH2CHF2, CF3CH?CHF and/or CF3CH?CHCl. The process involves reacting at least one starting material selected from the group consisting of halopropanes of the formula CX3CHClCH2X, halopropenes of the formula CX3CCl?CH2 and halopropenes of the formula CX2?CClCH2X, wherein each X is independently F or Cl, with HF in a reaction zone to produce a product mixture comprising HF, HCl, CF3CH2CHF2, CF3CH?CHF and CF3CH?CHCl; and recovering the CF3CH2CHF2, CF3CH?CHF and/or CF3CH?CHCl from the product mixture. Also disclosed is a process for making CF3CF2CH3 and/or CF3CF?CH2.

Abstract: The present invention disclosed a preparation method of parylene AF4, which provides a reactant and a reducing agent with the use of catalyst or exposure to UV light with photo-initiator, to shorten the reaction time as a result of minimized the byproduct(s) formation, and obtain high purity (>99.0%) of parylene AF4 product under high concentrated reaction mixture.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing a compound comprising a perfluorinated alkyl group moiety from a carbonyl compound. Typically, the process includes contacting a carbonyl compound with a silane compound in the presence of a fluorohydrogenate ionic liquid under conditions sufficient to produce a compound comprising a perfluorinated alkyl group. The silane compound includes a perfluoroalkyl group.

Abstract: A method for reducing contaminants in the production of a bio-derived glycol product of polyol hydro-genolysis is described. The method involves subjecting an aqueous, polyol product mixture (from the hydrogenolysis conversion of biologically-derived carbohydrate feedstock) to ion-exclusion chromatography to separate and reduce impurities from an eluant fraction containing a desired product, and distilling the eluant fraction to yield the desired product (e.g., propylene glycol or ethylene glycol). The reaction product mixture can be introduced into a continuous ion-exclusion chromatography system to reduce the impurities and produce in a high-throughput manner a finished otherwise commercially acceptable glycol product.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of treating a fermentation stream to remove dissolved gases, comprising obtaining a fermentation stream including water, one or more fermentation products, and dissolved gases; continuously sonicating the fermentation stream to generate acoustically cavitated gases from the dissolved gases; and applying vacuum to release the acoustically cavitated gases from the fermentation stream. The dissolved gases may include air, oxygen, nitrogen, helium, argon, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, or other non-condensables. The release of acoustically cavitated gases may optionally be done simultaneously with sonication. At least 75%, such as up to 95% or more, of the dissolved gases may be released from the fermentation stream. The disclosed method positively impacts downstream operations and product quality by removing dissolved gases.

Abstract: A process for producing a composition which is particularly rich in D-mannitol, the latter being present in the form of crystals having a volume average diameter greater than 20 ?m, wherein the crystals correspond to a very large extent to the ? polymorph. This process makes use of the evaporative crystallization technique, in which the seeding and then the controlled growth of the crystals is carried out at different evaporation rates. Finally, very pure ? crystals are advantageously obtained, which have a better compressibility than the ? and ? homologues thereof and which, by virtue of the sizes thereof, result in a powder which is not subject to caking.

Abstract: A method for producing an optically active 2,3-dihydrofarnesal of formula (1) is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of cleaving a ?-O-4 bond to the corresponding C—H bond in a substrate, by use of a hydrogen donor and a metal catalyst in a solvent. Thereby it is possible to depolymerize a polymer having a repeating ?-O-4 bond.

Abstract: A process for producing phenol and/or cyclohexanone is described in which cyclohexylbenzene is contacted with an oxygen-containing gas under conditions effective to produce an oxidation effluent comprising cyclohexylbenzene hydroperoxide and at least part of cyclohexylbenzene hydroperoxide is contacted with a cleavage catalyst under conditions effective to produce a cleavage effluent containing phenol and cyclohexanone. At least one of the oxidation effluent and the cleavage effluent contains at least one phenylcyclohexanol as a by-product and the process further comprises contacting the phenylcyclohexanol with a dehydration catalyst comprising a molecular sieve of the MCM-22 family under conditions effective to convert at least part of the phenylcyclohexanol to phenylcyclohexene.

Abstract: In a process for producing phenol and/or cyclohexanone, cyclohexylbenzene is contacted with an oxygen-containing gas to produce an oxidation effluent containing cyclohexylbenzene hydroperoxide. At least a portion of the cyclohexylbenzene hydroperoxide is then contacted with a cleavage catalyst to produce a cleavage effluent containing phenol and cyclohexanone and by-products including phenylcyclohexanol. The cleavage effluent or a neutralized product thereof also comprises at least one compound comprising an atom not being carbon, hydrogen or oxygen, which is separated from the cleavage effluent and/or the neutralized product thereof to leave a cleavage fraction lean in the compound comprising an atom not being carbon, hydrogen or oxygen and containing at least a portion of the phenylcyclohexanol.

Abstract: In a process for separating methylcyclopentanone from a mixture comprising methylcyclopentanone and cyclohexanone, a feedstock comprising cyclohexanone, methylcyclopentanone, water at a concentration of at least 0.10 wt %, and optionally phenol is fed into a fractionation distillation column, where a lower effluent rich in cyclohexanone and an upper effluent rich in methylcyclopentanone are produced. Due to the inclusion of water at a relatively high concentration in the feedstock, efficient separation of methylcyclopentanone is achieved. In certain particularly desirable embodiments, the lower effluent is substantially free of methylcyclopentanone. The thus produced cyclohexanone may be used to make, e.g., high-purity caprolactam, which, in turn, may be used for fabricating, e.g., high-performance nylon-6 material.

Abstract: Processes are described for making methacrylic acid via methacrolein from a biobased isobutene, wherein the biobased isobutene is prepared from ethanol or from acetic acid in the presence of a ZnxZryOz mixed oxide catalyst, the biobased isobutene is oxidized to methacrolein and the methacrolein is further oxidized to methacrylic acid.

Abstract: In this invention, a portion of the products from a pyrolysis reactor are reacted in a process to form one or more chemical intermediates.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds and methods of using such compounds for treating or suppressing oxidative stress disorders, including mitochondrial disorders, impaired energy processing disorders, neurodegenerative diseases and diseases of aging, or for modulating one or more energy biomarkers, normalizing one or more energy biomarkers, or enhancing one or more energy biomarkers, wherein the compound is a compound of Formula I or Formula II: wherein: R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen, (C1-C6)alkyl or —O(C1-C6)alkyl; or R1 and R2 together represent —CH?CH—CH?CH—; R3 is (C1-C6)alkyl; X is —CH?CH— or —C?C—; m is 1-10; n is 1-5; k is 1-3, with the proviso that when k is an integer of 2 or 3, n is independently 1-5 in each occurrence of the —X—(CH2)n— group; Y is —OR4, —CN, —C(=0)OR5, —C(=0)R5, or —C(=0)N(R6)2; R4 and R5 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, —(C1-C6)alkyl, —(C1-C6)haloalkyl, —C(=0)-(C1-C6)alkyl, —C(=0)-(C1-C6)haloalkyl, —C(=0)-NH(C1-C6)alkyl, —C(=0)-N((C1-C6)alkyl)2,

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an iron carbonate, whereby it becomes possible to prevent the generation of hydrogen during the production of the iron carbonate by the reaction of a carboxylic acid with metal iron. An embodiment of the present invention is a method for producing an iron carbonate by reacting metal iron with a carboxylic acid in a reaction solution, wherein a compound of trivalent iron is added to the reaction solution, the reaction solution contains a compound of trivalent iron at the time of the start of the reaction, the reaction solution contains a non-iron metal having a standard electrode potential of ?2.5 to 0.1 inclusive or a metal compound containing the metal, or the reaction solution contains at least one metal selected from the group consisting of Ag, Bi and Pd or a metal compound containing the metal.

Abstract: Method to obtain methylene malonate and related monomers following a bis(hydroxymethyl) malonate pathway. A bis(hydroxymethyl) malonate intermediary is subsequently reacted (i.e., subjected to thermolysis) to provide a methylene malonate monomer species. A source of formaldehyde (e.g., formalin) is provided in the presence of a basic catalyst (e.g., calcium hydroxide), to which a malonate (e.g., diethyl malonate) is added under suitable reaction conditions to obtain the desired intermediary (e.g., dialkyl bis(hydroxymethyl) malonate). The intermediary is reacted (i.e., subjected to thermolysis) under suitable conditions in the presence of a suitable catalyst (e.g., a zeolite) to obtain a methylene malonate monomer. In an exemplary embodiment, the thermolysis reaction includes the addition of the bis(hydroxymethyl) malonate intermediary onto a heated catalyst. The reaction product is collected and purified. The disclosed methods may be performed in a continuous operation.

Abstract: A catalytic process for hydrogenating aromatic di- and polyamines with the aid of a selected catalyst system is provided, which comprises a mixture of a first heterogeneous catalyst and a second heterogeneous catalyst and a nitro compound (nitrate and/or nitrite salt). The first and second heterogeneous catalyst each independently comprise a metal selected from the group consisting of Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Re, Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd and/or Pt and the metal selected for the second heterogeneous catalyst is different from the metal selected for the first heterogeneous catalyst. Hydrogenation of aromatic rings having two or more amino groups bound to the aromatic ring produces cycloaliphatic di- and polyamines, which are useful chemical intermediates, e.g., for further reaction with epoxides or isocyanates. The amino groups may also be converted to isocyanates via reaction with phosgene. The resulting cycloaliphatic di- and polyisocyanates may also be used as monomers for making polymers.

Abstract: A process for hydrogenating aromatic di- and polyamines is provided comprising the steps of reacting the aromatic amine with hydrogen in the presence of a catalytic system, wherein the catalytic system comprises a heterogeneous catalyst comprising a metal selected from the group consisting of Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Re, Fe, Ru, Os, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd and/or Pt and a support, and wherein the catalyst system further comprises an organic nitro compound. Hydrogenation of aromatic di- and polyamines having two or more amino groups bound to the aromatic ring produces cycloaliphatic di- and polyamines, which are useful chemical intermediates, e.g., for further reaction with epoxides or isocyanates. The amino groups may also be converted to isocyanates via reaction with phosgene. The resulting cycloaliphatic di- and polyisocyanates may also be used as monomers for making polymers.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fluorinated ionomer [polymer (I)] comprising recurring units derived from at least the following monomers: (i) 5 to 50% by weight of a fluorinated monomer [monomer (A)] containing at least one —SO2X functionality, preferably having the formula of CF2?CF—O—(CF2CF(CF3)O)m—(CF2)mSO2X (I) wherein m is 0 or 1, n is an integer between 0-10, and X is selected from F, OH, and O?Me+, wherein Me+ indicates an alkali metal ion or an ammonium cation of formula NR4? where each R independently represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic radical selected from aliphatic radicals having from 1 to 8 carbon atoms and arylic or alicyclic radicals having from 3 to 8 carbon atoms; (ii) a non-functional fluorinated monomer [monomer (B)] having at least one ethylene unsaturation; and (iii) a fluorinated polyfunctional compound having the general formula: (CR1R2?CFCF2—O)a—Rf—((O)c—CF?CR3R4)b (II) wherein: a is an integer equal to or larger than 1, preferably a is 1, 2, or 3; b is 0 or 1 and the

Abstract: ?-Substituted ?-amino acids, ?-substituted ?-amino acid derivatives, and ?-substituted ?-amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres and their use as chemotherapeutic agents are disclosed. The ?-substituted ?-amino acid derivatives and ?-substituted ?-amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres are selective LAT1/4F2hc substrates, capable of passing through the blood-brain barrier, and exhibit rapid uptake and retention in tumors expressing the LAT1/4F2hc transporter. Methods of synthesizing the ?-substituted ?-amino acid derivatives and ?-substituted ?-amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres and methods of using the compounds for treating tumors are also disclosed. The ?-substituted ?-amino acid derivatives and ?-substituted ?-amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres exhibit an improved selectivity toward tumor cells expressing the LAT1/4F2hc transporter and accumulate in cancerous cells when administered to a subject in vivo.

Abstract: ?-Substituted ?-amino acids, ?-substituted ?-amino acid derivatives, and ?-substituted ?-amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres and their use as chemotherapeutic agents are disclosed. The ?-substituted ?-amino acid derivatives and ?-substituted ?-amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres are selective LAT1/4F2hc substrates and exhibit rapid uptake and retention in tumors expressing the LAT1/4F2hc transporter. Methods of synthesizing the ?-substituted ?-amino acid derivatives and ?-substituted ?-amino acid analogs and methods of using the compounds for treating cancer are also disclosed. The ?-substituted ?-amino acid derivatives and ?-substituted ?-amino acid analogs exhibit selective uptake in tumor cells expressing the LAT1/4F2hc transporter and accumulate in cancerous cells when administered to a subject in vivo. The ?-substituted ?-amino acid derivatives and ?-substituted ?-amino acid analogs and (bio)isosteres exhibit cytotoxicity toward several tumor types.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing coumaramide includes treating cellulose-based biomass with an ammonia-containing treatment agent to obtain ammonia-treated biomass, immersing the ammonia-treated biomass into a solvent containing at least water and eluting coumaramide in the ammonia-treated biomass into the solvent to obtain a coumaramide solution, and precipitating coumaramide in the coumaramide solution as a crystal to obtain a coumaramide crystal.

Abstract: Meta-diarylaniline or meta-diarylpyridinamine compounds, methods for preparing the same and uses thereof in manufacture of a medicament. The compounds according to the present application have strong inhibitory activity (at nM level) against wild-type and various drug-resistant HIV viral strains, exhibit good druggability, and can be easily synthesized.

Abstract: A process and a related plant for the synthesis of urea, where a solution (13) comprising urea is obtained in a synthesis section (10), said solution is treated in a recovery section (14), and an aqueous solution (15) comprising mainly urea and water, which is obtained from said recovery section, is concentrated by means of contact with a water-selective membrane.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of treating multiple sclerosis in a mammalian patient, preferably a human, in need of such treatment, comprising administering to said human an S1P receptor modulator or agonist according to a dosing regimen that is determined with reference to the patient's blood lymphocyte count.

Abstract: The present invention provides crystal forms of the compound of (3R,4S)-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-hydroxybut-2(Z)-enyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-azetidinone (formula A). The crystal forms can be characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) spectra, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) spectra, infrared absorption spectra and so on. Meanwhile, the present invention also provides methods for preparing the crystal forms of the compound of formula A, pharmaceutical compositions and uses thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I): as defined in the specification and compositions comprising any of such novel compounds. These compounds are melanin concentrating hormone receptor-1 (MCHR1) antagonists which may be used as medicaments.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I): as defined in the specification and compositions comprising any of such novel compounds. These compounds are melanin concentrating hormone receptor-1 (MCHR1) antagonists which may be used as medicaments.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to molecular printing techniques for use in sensors, arrays, and integrated optics and electronics. The invention features described give rise to the ability to immobilize biological probes by force-induced patterning, while still maintaining the conductivity of the graphene substrate. Most particularly, the present invention relates to covalent patterning of graphene surface using a force-accelerated reaction.

Abstract: The invention provides a 1,3,5-substituted indole wherein the substituent at position 1 is a C6 to C12 alkyl group; the substituent at position 3 is CH2NR1R2 wherein R1 is H or C1 to C3 alkyl, R1 being optionally substituted with —OH, —SH, —NH2 or NHalkyl, wherein alkyl is a C1 to C4 alkyl group, and R2 is C1 to C3 alkyl or (CH2)n bonded to position 2 of the indole, wherein n is 1, 2 or 3; and the substituent at position 5 is either an optionally substituted nitrogen containing heteroaromatic ring or an aminosulfonylphenyl group or an alkylsulfonylphenyl group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds according to Formula I (Formula I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof. Such compounds can be used in the treatment of RORgammaT-mediated diseases or conditions.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds of Formula (I) for inhibiting gh cosidases, prodrugs of the compounds, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds or prodrugs of the compounds. The invention also provides method of treating diseases and disorders related to deficiency or over-expression of O-gh coprotein 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-?-D-glucopyranosidase (O-GlcNAcase), accumulation or deficiency of 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-?-D-glucopyranoside (O-GlcNAc).

Abstract: Disclosed herein are prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors that can stabilize hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1?), as well as hypoxia inducible factor-2 (HIF-2). Also disclosed herein are pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more of the disclosed compounds. Yet further disclosed are methods for stimulating the cellular immune response in a mammal such as increasing phagocytosis, for example, prolonging the life of phagocytes, inter alia, kerotyiocytes, neutrophils. As such the disclosed compounds provide methods for treating diseases that relate to the body's immune response.