Abstract: The invention concerns a PROCESS for the preparation of cement/mortar/concrete (for simplicity: “cement”) compositions or systems, (hereafter “cement” compositions or systems for simplicity), of a general known type, in which the filler(s) is/are comprising or consist of “calcium carbonate-based filler(s)”, comprising at least one step where the said filler(s) is/are treated with an efficient treating amount of at least one treating agent consisting of or comprising superplastifier(s). The main purpose of this invention is to build a process aimed at providing improved, “High performance”, FLUID, cement or mortars or concrete systems or compositions having an improved compacity, an improved flowability, and globally speaking a definitely improved “workability”, and “regularity” of the properties of the final systems.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pulverulent composition comprising, based on the overall mass of the composition, A) at least 20 wt % of a calcium sulfate-based binder and B) 0.01 to 4 wt % of at least one copolymer obtainable by polymerizing a mixture of monomers comprising (I) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer which comprises at least one radical from the series carboxylic acid, carboxylic salt, carboxylic ester, carboxylic amide, carboxylic anhydride, and carboxylic imide and (II) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a polyalkylene oxide radical, the pulverulent composition being producible by a method in which a powder component comprising a calcium sulfate-based binder is contacted with a liquid hydrous component comprising less than 30 wt % of an organic solvent, comprising B), the liquid hydrous component being used in an amount of less than 20 wt %, based on the overall mass of the pulverulent composition, and the pulverulent composition comprising no hydraulic binder.

Abstract: Cementitious compositions and processes for preparing and using the cementitious compositions are provided. The cementitious compositions are characterized by the property of a reduced or an attenuated water vapor emission from a cementitious mix and a concrete formed therefrom. Certain cementitious compositions are characterized by the property of accelerated drying while still maintaining good workability. Methods of improving water retention and surface drying of concrete, including lightweight concrete are provided. A water soluble ionic salt may be used to sequester water within the pores and capillaries of the cement paste and/or porous lightweight aggregate. In some examples, the salt may be added directly to concrete or aggregates may be infused with a water-salt solution to provide treated porous aggregates having improved water saturation and water retention.

Abstract: A zirconia sintered body, where when cross-sectional area of each zirconia crystal-grain is calculated in image of cross section of zirconia sintered body, converted crystal-grain size of each zirconia crystal-grain is calculated based on cross-sectional area where each zirconia crystal-grain has circular cross-sectional shape, zirconia crystal-grains are classified into class of <0.4 ?m, class of ?0.4 and <0.76 ?m, and class of ?0.76 ?m based on converted crystal-grain size, total cross-sectional area of zirconia crystal-grains is calculated in each of classes, and rate of cross-sectional area to total cross-sectional area of all zirconia crystal-grains whose cross-sectional area has been calculated is calculated in each class, rate of cross-sectional area of zirconia crystal-grains in class of <0.4 ?m is 4% to 35%, rate of cross-sectional area of zirconia crystal-grains in class of ?0.4 and <0.76 ?m is 24% to 57%, and rate of cross-sectional area of zirconia crystal-grains in class of ?0.

Abstract: A method of forming a ceramic body including forming a mixture made of at least a first powder material (PM1) including carbon having a first average particle size (PS1), a second powder material (PM2) including carbon and different than the first powder material, the second powder material having a second average particle size (PS2) less than the first average particle size (PS1), and an aluminum content (AC2) greater than the aluminum content (AC1) of the first powder material, and further including forming a green body from the mixture, and sintering the green body and forming a ceramic body having a first type of grain having an average grain size of not greater than about 8 times the first average particle size (PS1).

Abstract: Methods for making a carbon nanotube (CNT)-nonoxide structural ceramic nanocomposite as well as for enhancing at least one mechanical property or characteristic of a nonoxide structural ceramic material are provided. A mixture of CNT and nonoxide structural ceramic powder can be laser sintered to form desired carbon nanotube-nonoxide structural ceramic nanocomposites.

Abstract: A thermal spray powder of the present invention contains ceramic particles having an average particle size of 1 ?m or more and 20 ?m or less. The ceramic particles have a flowability index value FT of 3 or more measured by using a powder rheometer. The flowability index value FF is determined by measuring the maximum principal stress and the uniaxial collapse stress of the ceramic particles at normal temperature and normal humidity when 9 kPa of shear force is applied to the ceramic particles, and by dividing the measured maximum principal stress by the measured uniaxial collapse stress.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing ultra-high melting point nonoxide ceramics with low porosity based on sintering at low temperatures of below about 1000° C. with low DC electric fields of less than about 100 V/cm.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions, such as inkjet inks or glazes, for jetting onto a ceramic substrate, and associated methods and systems. The compositions are configured to produce a blister relief effect, wherein the incorporation of inkjet technology provides precise control over the location and degree of blistering. The enhanced compositions are configured to form gas bubbles when exposed to the elevated temperatures of a firing cycle, wherein the formed gas is trapped within the glaze, causing an expansion or blistering of the glaze, which results in a raised relief.

Abstract: Methods of inducing bud break of deciduous fruit vines, trees, or shrubs following dormancy by the application of bud breaker compositions that do not contain hydrogen cyanamide.

Abstract: A method for increasing the rate of phosphine oxide reduction, preferably during a Wittig reaction comprising use of an acid additive is provided. A room temperature catalytic Wittig reaction (CWR) the rate of reduction of the phosphine oxide is increased due to the addition of the acid additive is described. Furthermore, the extension of the CWR to semi-stabilized and non-stabilized ylides has been accomplished by utilization of a masked base and/or ylide-tuning.

Abstract: A process for the dehydration of an alcohol having at least 2 carbon atoms to make a corresponding olefin may include introducing in a reactor a stream (A) containing the alcohol, optionally water, and optionally an inert component. The stream (A) may be contacted with a catalyst in the reactor at conditions effective to dehydrate at least a portion of the alcohol to make the corresponding olefin. The process includes recovering from the reactor an olefin containing stream (B). The catalyst may be a crystalline silicate, dealuminated crystalline silicate, or phosphorus modified crystalline silicate, each of the group FER, MWW, EUO, MFS, ZSM-48, MTT or TON having Si/Al ranging from 25 to 90. The weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of the alcohol may be at least 4 h?1. The temperature may range from 280° C. to 600° C., or from 320° C. to 600° C.

Abstract: A method of forming a hydrocarbon product comprises reacting at least one carbon oxide and at least one lower hydrocarbon in the presence of a plurality of catalyst-containing structures each comprising a nanofiber bound to at least one catalyst nanoparticle to form at least one higher hydrocarbon. Other methods of forming a hydrocarbon are also disclosed, as is a system forming a hydrocarbon product.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to reduced-energy improvements in methods and systems to produce styrene monomer via ethylbenzene dehydrogenation. The methods and systems reduce utility cost and provide savings in comparison with the current technology practiced in the industry.

Abstract: A process for producing butadiene from a monoolefin having 4 carbon atoms by a vapor-phase catalytic oxidation reaction in a fluidized bed reactor, including a first step of producing the butadiene by bringing the monoolefin having 4 carbon atoms into contact with a catalyst and a second step of removing a part of the catalyst from the fluidized bed reactor while the vapor-phase catalytic oxidation reaction is proceeding, regenerating the catalyst removed, and feeding the regenerated catalyst to the fluidized bed reactor while the vapor-phase catalytic oxidation reaction is proceeding, wherein a ratio of an amount (kg/hr) of the regenerated catalyst fed to an amount (kg/hr) of the monoolefin having 4 carbon atoms fed is 0.3% or more.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for removing contaminants from an olefin stream, comprising passing the contaminated olefin stream through a first adsorbent in a thermal swing adsorption process to produce a relatively pure olefin product stream, and a regenerating gas stream containing the contaminants, passing the contaminated regenerating gas stream through a pressure swing adsorption process to yield a relatively pure regenerating gas stream, which can be redirected to the thermal swing adsorption process for regenerating the adsorbent therein.

Abstract: Adsorption towers are filled with adsorbents that adsorb methane gas in coal mine gas and perform a PSA cycle. For each of adsorption towers, a plurality of different pressure states of the internal pressure of the adsorption tower are set as an intermediate pressure state. As a pressure equalization step, an initial pressure equalization step of transferring the gas in one of the adsorption towers that is in a high pressure state to another one of the adsorption towers that is in an intermediate pressure state, and a final pressure equalization step of transferring the gas in one of the adsorption towers that is in the high pressure-side intermediate pressure state to another one of the adsorption towers that is in the low pressure state are performed.

Abstract: Methods include contacting a fermented gas including isoprene with a porous adsorbent and desorbing isoprene adsorbed on the porous adsorbent. The fermented gas may be obtained by culturing a microorganism having an ability to produce isoprene.

Abstract: Disclosed are the combinations containing Z and E stereoisomers of hydrofluoroolefins where the more toxic isomer is less than about 30 % weight of the combination (vs the sum of Z+E), to minimize the toxicity impact in the applications they will be used for such as cooling and heat fluids, foams blowing agents or solvents. Also disclosed are means to obtain combinations containing Z and E stereoisomers of hydrofluoroolefins.

Abstract: The present invention is a high-purity 2-fluorobutane having a purity of 99.9 vol % or more and a butene content of 1,000 ppm by volume or less, and a method for using the high-purity 2-fluorobutane as a dry etching gas. According to the present invention, a high-purity 2-fluorobutane that is suitable as a plasma reaction gas for semiconductors is provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing butanol through microbial fermentation, in which the butanol product is removed by extraction into a water immiscible organic extractant during the fermentation. The invention also relates to a method for producing butanol through microbial fermentation, in which the butanol product is removed during the fermentation by extraction into a water-immiscible extractant composition. The invention further relates to compositions comprising a solution of butanol in a water immiscible organic extractant composition.

Abstract: Described is a novel process for the preparation of substituted tris(2-hydroxyphenyl)methane derivatives and the use of tris(2-hydroxyphenyl)methane derivatives for tertiary mineral oil production.

Abstract: Polymeric reaction products of certain substituted tetraarylmethane monomers are useful as underlayers in semiconductor manufacturing processes.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel fragrance compounds and their unexpected advantageous use in improving, enhancing or modifying a fragrance formulation through the addition of an olfactory acceptable amount of the compounds, wherein the compounds are represented by the following formula: an isomer or a mixture of isomers thereof, wherein one of R and R? represents hydrogen with the other representing a C1-C6 linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or aromatic group; and one of the dashed lines represents a carbon-carbon single bond with the other representing a carbon-carbon double bond.

Abstract: Described is a method of synthesizing 6-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl)bicyclo[3.3.0] octan-3-one by reacting 3-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl) cyclopentene with dichloroketene. The resulting reaction products are reacted with acetic acid and zinc to produce 4-(5-ethoxy-hept-1-yl)bicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-6-one and 4-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl)bicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-7-one, which are reacted with trimethylsulfonium iodide to produce 2-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl)spiro[bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-6,2?-oxirane] and 4-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl)spiro-[bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-6,2?-oxirane]. Lithium iodide is reacted with 2-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl)spiro[bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-6,2?-oxirane] and 4-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl)spiro-[bicyclo-[3.2.0]heptane-6,2?-oxirane] to produce 6-(5-ethoxyhept-1-yl)bicyclo[3.3.0]octan-3-one. A method of synthesizing 6-(5-methoxyhept-1-yl)bicyclo[3.3.0]octan-3-one is also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of producing formic acid in a catalysed chemical reaction from hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide gas, said reaction being conducted in an acidic medium comprising a polar solvent over a wide range of temperatures at total gas pressure of hydrogen and carbon dioxide up to 250 bar without the addition of base, carbonate, hydrogen carbonate or formate. The method of the present invention is advantageous since the reaction may be conducted in a polar solvent such as water or DMSO.

Abstract: In one aspect, the present invention encompasses safe and efficient methods for providing highly pure acrylic acid. In certain embodiments, the inventive methods include the step of producing polypropiolactone from ethylene oxide at a first location, transporting the polymer to a second location and pyrolyzing the polypropiolactone to provide glacial acrylic acid. In certain embodiments, the step of pyrolyzing the polymer is performed continuously in conjunction with a polymerization process to make SAPs.

Abstract: The present invention provides a chromatographic separation process for recovering a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) product, from a feed mixture, which process comprises introducing the feed mixture to a simulated or actual moving bed chromatography apparatus having a plurality of linked chromatography columns containing, as eluent, an aqueous alcohol, wherein the apparatus has a plurality of zones comprising at least a first zone and a second zone, each zone having an extract stream and a raffinate stream from which liquid can be collected from said plurality of linked chromatography columns, and wherein (a) a raffinate stream containing the PUFA product together with more polar components is collected from a column in the first zone and introduced to a nonadjacent column in the second zone, and/or (b) an extract stream containing the PUFA product together with less polar components is collected from a column in the second zone and introduced to a nonadjacent column in the first zone, said PUFA product be

Abstract: A continuous process for the co-production of acetic acid and acetic anhydride by (a) contacting carbon monoxide with a liquid reaction composition comprising methyl acetate, dimethyl ether or a mixture thereof, a Group VIII metal catalyst, methyl iodide, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, water in a concentration of 0.

Abstract: This invention relates to unsaturated polyol esters that can be used in hydraulic fluid applications, including fire-resistant hydraulic fluid applications, marine hydraulic fluid applications, metalworking fluid applications, food grade fluid applications, and transformer fluid applications, and methods for making the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I): (I) or a stereoisomer, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein all of the variables are as defined herein. These compounds are GPR120 G protein-coupled receptor modulators which may be used as medicaments.

Abstract: A process for preparing methyl acetate by the carbonylation of dimethyl ether with carbon monoxide in the presence of hydrogen and a zeolite catalyst wherein, in a first step the carbonylation is conducted with a carbon monoxide to hydrogen molar ratio of at least 1 and in a second and subsequent step, the carbonylation is conducted with a hydrogen to carbon monoxide molar ratio of greater than 1.

Abstract: Conjugated diene acids and derivatives thereof, are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the conjugated diene acids and derivatives thereof are derived from the metathesis of a natural oil followed by isomerization. Uses of conjugated diene acids and derivatives thereof in various compositions are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: Novel processes for the preparation of a compound of Formula I-2 substantially free of the 5,6-trans isomer: wherein R2, R3 and R4 are as defined in the specification are provided. Novel intermediates for the preparations of isomer free Prostaglandins and derivatives thereof are also provided.

Abstract: A tetrakis(ether-substituted formylphenyl) expressed by General Formula (1): wherein R1 represents an alkyl group with 1 to 8 carbon atoms or alkoxyl group with 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or aromatic hydrocarbon group or saturated hydrocarbon group with 1 to 8 carbon atoms having an aromatic hydrocarbon group, n represents 0 or an integer of 1 to 3, R2 represents a divalent monocyclic or fused-ring aromatic hydrocarbon group with 6 to 15 carbon atoms or divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group with 1 to 8 carbon atoms that may have a monocyclic or fused-ring aromatic hydrocarbon group with 6 to 15 carbon atoms, R3 represents a hydrogen atom or alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, A represents a tetravalent carbon atom group or tetravalent saturated hydrocarbon group with 2 or more carbon atoms, where, if A is a tetravalent saturated hydrocarbon group with 2 or more carbon atoms, the two carbon atoms in the A group are bonded with two phenyl groups, respectively.

Abstract: A method produces optically active trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane, in which a crystal of optically active trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane is obtained by crystallization from a solution of optically active trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane. Optically active trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane with high purity is obtained in a favorable yield from a solution of optically active trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane. The optically active trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane with high purity is useful as a raw material for a large number of medicines.

Abstract: The present invention provides nonionic surfactants, compositions incorporating these surfactants, and related methods of making and using such surfactants and compositions. The nonionic surfactants demonstrate excellent equilibrium and dynamic surface tension properties as well as excellent wetting properties. Further, representative embodiments of the surfactants have shown low foaming characteristics, indicating that the surfactants would be suitable in applications where resistance to foaming is desired. The surfactants can be used singly or in combination with other nonionic and/or ionic surfactants as desired. As an over view, the nonionic surfactants of the present invention have a structure in which the surfactant backbone includes one or more amine moieties. At least one, preferably two or more branched, cyclic, fused cyclic, and/or spyro hydrophobic moieties are pendant from at least one of the amine moieties.

Abstract: Described are compositions that may be orally administered that comprise a bioreversible derivative of hydroxy N-substituted-2-aminotetralin or an enantiomer or salt or prodrug thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier suitable for oral administration in the amount present, wherein the composition is orally bioavailable when administered to a subject. The bioreversible derivative has an intrinsic lipophilicity C log P value of about 7 to about 11.5. A method comprises oral administering such composition to a human subject in need of hydroxy N-substituted-2-aminotetralin therapy.

Abstract: A condensation product of at least one (hydroxymethyl)phenol and at least one polyoxyalkylene diamine and a process for the preparation thereof and the use thereof in the curing of epoxy resin systems are described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of Melphalan, more specifically the invention relates to an efficient process for the preparation of substantially pure Melphalan hydrochloride (I).

Abstract: This invention relates to lysine isotopologues of Formulas I and 1-A, as described herein, and processes for synthesizing the same and derivatives and intermediates involved therein. In one aspect, described herein is a chemical compound comprising an isotopically labeled analog, i.e., an isotopologue of a standard or naturally occurring lysine. The lysine isotopologue is synthetically formed to have stable isotopes of elements incorporated at selected positions. As such, the lysine isotopologue has a molecular mass different from the mass of a standard or naturally occurring lysine.

Abstract: This invention provides a convenient method for converting oximes into enamides. The process does not require the use of metallic reagents. Accordingly, it produces the desired compounds without the concomitant production of a large volume of metallic waste. The enamides are useful precursors to amides and amines. The invention provides a process to convert a prochiral enamide into the corresponding chiral amide. In an exemplary process, a chiral amino center is introduced during hydrogenation through the use of a chiral hydrogenation catalyst. In selected embodiments, the invention provides methods of preparing amides and amines that include the 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-N-alkyl-1-naphthalenamine or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenamine substructure.

Abstract: Analgesic compounds for treatment of pain or fever that include a bicyclopentane moiety linked to an amine, combinations of the compounds with opioid analgesic drugs, and methods for treating pain or fever by administering a compound described herein.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for screening for the binding affinity of chemical entities to other bioactive molecules. The screened chemical entities may be utilized in pharmaceutical composition or therapeutic methods for treating disease or disorders associated with the bioactive molecules including NEDD4-1.

Abstract: A method for the combined synthesis of a mono-unsaturated nitrile-ester(acid) and of a bi-functional carbonyl compound, wherein it includes a step including the cross metathesis mc1 of an unsaturated fatty acid/ester compound with an unsaturated nitrile compound, in which mc1 is performed with partial conversion such as to obtain and recover, separately, at least the following products: a mono-unsaturated nitrile-ester/acid and a symmetrical compound, diester or diacid respectively including a double bond located in the middle of the molecular chain of compound, and subsequently a step including the oxidation cleavage cp2 of the double bond of compound, such as to form a single type of carbonyl compound having formula R2-(CH2)n-COR?, in which R? is H or OH, depending on the operating conditions selected for the oxidation cleavage cp2. Also, the production of monomers for the polymer industry.

Abstract: Antibacterial compounds of formula (I) are provided: as well as stereoisomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof; pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds; methods of treating bacterial infections by the administration of such compounds; and processes for the preparation of such compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for preventing or treating a memory loss related disease comprising a phenyl carbamate compound and a method for preventing or treating various diseases related to loss of memory therewith. The present invention ensures the enhancement of neuroprotection, such that it is promising for preventing or treating memory loss-related diseases such as dementia and Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: Fatty amine compositions made from a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives are disclosed. In another aspect, fatty amidoamines made by reacting a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives with an aminoalkyl-substituted tertiary amine are disclosed. The fatty amines or amidoamines are advantageously sulfonated, sulfitated, oxidized, or reduced. In other aspects, the ester derivative is a modified triglyceride made by self-metathesis of a natural oil or an unsaturated triglyceride made by cross-metathesis of a natural oil with an olefin.

Abstract: Quaternary ammonium, betaine, or sulfobetaine compositions derived from fatty amines, wherein the fatty amine is made by reducing the amide reaction product of a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives and a secondary amine, are disclosed. Quaternary ammonium, betaine, or sulfobetaine compositions derived from fatty amidoamines, wherein the amidoamine is made by reacting of a metathesis-derived C10-C17 monounsaturated acid, octadecene-1,18-dioic acid, or their ester derivatives and an aminoalkyl-substituted tertiary amine, are also disclosed. The quaternized compositions are advantageously sulfonated or sulfitated. In one aspect, the ester derivative of the C10-C17 monounsaturated acid or octadecene-1,18-dioic acid is a lower alkyl ester. In other aspects, the ester derivative is a modified triglyceride made by self-metathesis of a natural oil or an unsaturated triglyceride made by cross-metathesis of a natural oil with an olefin.

Abstract: Provided herein are substituted biaryl sulfonamide compounds, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the compounds, methods of their preparation, and methods of their use. The compounds provided herein are useful for the treatment, prevention, and/or amelioration of various disorders, including cancer and proliferative disorders. In one embodiment, the compounds provided herein modulate initiation of protein translation. In one embodiment, the compounds provided herein are used in combination with surgery, radiation therapy, immuno therapy and/or one or more additional anticancer drugs for the treatment, prevention, and/or amelioration of cancer and proliferative disorders.